Abstract: A gyrotropic metamaterial structure that include a plurality of chiral metamaterials forming one or more pairs of dipole structures. A plurality of lumped circuits are positioned between the one or more pairs of dipole structures. The lumped circuits have a plurality of subwavelengths antennas that are combined to change the polarization states of an incident polarized wave by producing Faraday-like rotation allowing for nomeciprocal propagation of the incident polarized wave.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for a polarizer. The apparatus comprises a dielectric rod, a first array of slots, and a second array of slots. The first array of slots and the second array of slots are formed in sidewalls of the dielectric rod. The first array of slots is substantially opposite to the second array of slots. The first array of slots and the second array of slots are configured to shift a first component orthogonal to a second component in a signal traveling through the dielectric rod by around 90 degrees with respect to each other. The dielectric rod may be a solid material or comprised of layers of dielectric substrates with metal tabs.

Abstract: An antenna feed assembly is provided which includes at least two elongate feed chains lying adjacent one another. Each feed chain is adapted to transmit or receive electromagnetic radiation between itself and the antenna along a longitudinal feed axis thereof via a transmit/receive element. The feed chains are held in fixed lateral relationship to one another by first and second mountings spaced apart axially of the feed chains. The transmit/receive elements extend axially from the first mounting towards the antenna and the second mounting is positioned on a side of the first mounting remote from the antenna. The first mounting has a lower coefficient of thermal expansion in the lateral direction than the second mounting whereby translational movement of each transmit/receive element in the lateral direction owing to temperature change of the assembly will be reduced.

Abstract: A mobile wireless communications device may include a portable housing, a circuit board carried by the portable housing, a wireless communications circuit carried by the circuit board, and an audio circuit carried by the circuit board. The device may further include an antenna assembly including an antenna carrier frame coupled to the circuit board and defining a cavity therein, and at least one antenna element carried on the carrier frame and coupled to the wireless communications circuit. The device may also include an audio output transducer carried within the cavity of the antenna carrier frame and coupled to the audio circuit.

Abstract: Structures and methods for a tunable waveguide radiating element are disclosed. The waveguide radiating element comprises a rectangular tube, which includes partially filled dielectric slabs that are disposed on parallel planes and incident on a lower edge of the element's mouth. The faces of each slab are engraved with a number of concentric SRR squares that present a gap on one of its sides. The distance between any two consecutive slabs may vary. The gaps of the outmost square may be arranged in such a way that, on the facing sides of two adjacent slabs, the gaps are rotated with respect to each other.

Abstract: An RF receiver section includes an adjustable antenna assembly, a low noise amplifier module, and a down conversion module. The adjustable antenna assembly is configured to provide a first receive antenna structure and a second receive antenna structure. The first and second receive antenna structures receive an inbound wide bandwidth RF signal that includes an interferer RF signal component and a desired inbound RF signal component. The effective polarization of at least one of the first and second receive antenna structures is adjusted to reduce signal strength of the interferer RF signal component.

Abstract: A horn that radiates a radioelectric wave coming from an input waveguide, comprises a grating placed over the aperture of the horn. The waveguide comprises a horn-shaped segment, an entrance, an aperture, and a grating placed next to the aperture. It makes it possible for at least one linearly polarised electromagnetic wave to propagate between the entrance and the aperture along a first axis. The grating comprises a frame and a set of plates extending longitudinally and continuously from a first short side of the frame to a second short side of the frame, so as to form a linear polarising filter for any electromagnetic wave the electric field of which is not polarised along a second axis orthogonal to the first axis. The grating of the waveguide comprises corrugations to reinforce the filtering of the electromagnetic wave the electric field of which is not polarised along the second axis.

Abstract: A method for making a dielectric-slot polarizer includes affixing plural dielectric sheets in a stack with those sheets having the greatest dielectric constant toward the center of the stack. The dielectric sheets may be fused or joined to each other by heat, pressure, or both. A dielectric support sheet is affixed by adhesive to a first side of the stack to form a partially supported stack. Slots are defined through the partially supported stack down to the adhesive. A second dielectric support sheet is adhesively affixed over the slots of the stack to define the polarizer.

Abstract: An omnidirectional circularly polarized (CP) antenna resembling a bird nest is provided. A center feeding probe (monopole antenna) capable of emitting an omnidirectional linearly polarized (LP) radiation pattern is electrically coupled to dielectric parallelepipeds. The dielectric parallelepipeds are evenly spaced with uniform angular intervals that angularly surround the probe; effectively acting as a polarizer capable of converting the omnidirectional LP radiation pattern into an omnidirectional CP radiation pattern.

Abstract: In accordance with various aspects of the present invention, a method and system for electro-mechanical polarization switching in an antenna system is presented. The antenna system may comprise an integrated waveguide in a transceiver housing, where the waveguide has at least four channels. In an exemplary embodiment, a sliding switch is incorporated into the waveguide. The sliding switch is configured to switch the polarization of the antenna system by physically realigning the waveguide channels. The sliding switch may be electro-magnetically controlled. Furthermore, the polarization switching may be performed to assist in load balancing for a particular frequency and/or polarization combination.

Abstract: There are provided a polarizer rotating device and a satellite signal receiving apparatus having the same. The satellite signal receiving apparatus includes a feedhorn that receives a satellite signal; a low noise block down converter that processes the signal received by the feedhorn; a skew compensating device that is provided at the low noise block down converter or the feedhorn and rotates the low noise block down converter or the feedhorn to compensate for a skew angle when the satellite signal received by the feedhorn is a linearly polarized wave; a polarizer that receives a linearly polarized signal and a circularly polarized signal of the satellite signal; and a polarizer rotating device that rotates the polarizer when the satellite signal received by the polarizer is a circularly polarized wave. In such a simple structure, the linearly polarized wave and the circularly polarized wave are all received to be processed.

Abstract: An RF receiver section includes an adjustable antenna assembly, a low noise amplifier module, and a down conversion module. The adjustable antenna assembly is configured to provide a first receive antenna structure and a second receive antenna structure. The first and second receive antenna structures receive an inbound wide bandwidth RF signal that includes an interferer RF signal component and a desired inbound RF signal component. The effective polarization of at least one of the first and second receive antenna structures is adjusted to reduce signal strength of the interferer RF signal component.

Abstract: A mobile wireless communications device may include a portable housing, a circuit board carried by the portable housing, a wireless communications circuit carried by the circuit board, and an audio circuit carried by the circuit board. The mobile wireless communications device may further include an antenna assembly including an antenna carrier frame coupled to the circuit board and defining a cavity therein, and an antenna element carried on the antenna carrier frame and having a plurality of spaced apart signal feed points coupled to the wireless communications circuit. In addition, an audio transducer may be carried within the cavity of the antenna carrier frame and coupled to the audio circuit.

Abstract: An antenna with polarization switching comprises a support comprising at least two faces each supporting a plurality of waveguides fed with radiofrequency signals and pierced with apertures disposed so as to illuminate radiating elements placed some distance from the said apertures. For at least one given antenna pointing, the said support is able to toggle between at least two different configurations, the said support being configured so as to place, in the second configuration, the second face in a position identical to that taken by the first face in the first configuration, several radiating elements of the first face being, in the said position, oriented differently from radiating elements of the second face. It applies notably to the switching of antennas embedded onboard moving objects on the ground having to operate high-speed communications with a satellite, in particular a geostationary satellite.

Abstract: A compact four-way transducer (FWT) is provided for a microwave communications system. The compact FWT is a compact assembly that is configured to process microwave signals in dual-polarization antenna feeds and to provide single polarized signals for four communications channels. The compact FWT includes four terminals facing different directions at one end for receiving/sending single polarized signals, and a terminal at an opposite end for receiving/sending dual polarized signals.

Abstract: A device for conveying signals for a mobile antenna positioner is provided. The device comprises a waveguide with a conductive structure including a first end connected to the antenna, and a second end connected to the mount of the positioner, wherein the waveguide has a continuous structure, each of its ends being attached by means allowing a range of movement of the waveguide in order to limit the bending forces of said guide and to reduce the force applied to the attachment means during the movements of the positioner. The device applies notably to communication systems with mobile antennas, and more particularly to the production of antenna stations comprising antenna positioners with a wide range of movement in relative bearing.

Abstract: The present invention is a satellite antenna system having a motor driven mechanism configured to rotate a feed assembly. The feed assembly includes at least one inner feed tube and at least one outer feed tube. The satellite antenna system also includes an alignment driver coupled to the feed assembly and configured to instruct the motor driven mechanism to place the feed assembly at a pre-determined alignment position. The satellite antenna system further includes a polarization phase device positioned in one of the inner feed tube and the outer feed tube. The motor driven mechanism is further configured to rotate the polarization phase device.

Abstract: A polarizer screen for a satellite communications terminal, comprising a plurality of layers separated by dielectric material, each layer having a grid of parallel metal strips and a periodic distribution of interleaved metal dipoles, wherein a first set of dipoles is arranged to be perpendicular to the metal strips and a second set of dipoles is arranged to be parallel to the metal strips such that any linearly polarized electromagnetic waves that pass through the screen are converted into orthogonal circular polarization in different frequency bands.

Abstract: A dielectric-slot polarizer arrangement includes a first dielectric polarizer plate with first elongated aperture arrangement, and second and third dielectric polarizer plates, also defining elongated aperture arrangements parallel to or registered with the first aperture arrangement. The second and third dielectric plates sandwich the first plate. The bulk dielectric constant of the first plate exceeds that of the second and third plates. The effective perpendicular and parallel dielectric constants of the first plate exceed those of the second and third plates. Ideally, the dielectric plates are free of metal.

Abstract: A radiating element is provided, for example for array antenna, having stacked resonant cavities of Pérot-Fabry type, of compact structure, a lower cavity being fed by excitation means, the radiating element being characterized in that corrugations are formed substantially below a first earth plane delimiting in its lower part the upper resonant cavity. A radiating element structure of improved compactness is also proposed, whose upper cavity is surmounted by a polarizing radome.

Abstract: [OBJECT] It is directed to solving a problem that designing for a conventional waveguide slot antenna capable of radiating a circularly polarized wave involves complicated calculation, and a resulting circularly polarized wave antenna device can obtain a satisfactory axial ratio only in a narrow band. [SOLUTION] The present invention provides a waveguide slot antenna which utilizes a waveguide as a feeding line and has a linear-shaped slot provided in a wall of the waveguide. The waveguide slot antenna is characterized in that it comprises a pair of polarized wave conversion members surrounding an outer periphery of the slot and divided by a slit intersecting the slot. [EFFECT] The present invention can provide a waveguide slot antenna capable of radiating a circularly polarized wave with a satisfactory axial ratio characteristic, over a wide band, only by adding a simple component to a conventional waveguide slot antenna.

Abstract: A logging while drilling tool includes a directional resistivity antenna and an antenna shield having. The shield has at least one slot having at least one electrically open end formed therein. The antenna shield may include a base portion and a plurality of spaced apart fingers extending away from the base portion such that the finger ends are electrically isolated from the tool body and from one another. The antenna shield may alternatively include a plurality of spaced apart plates that are electrically isolated from the tool body and from one another. These antenna shields have been found to provide suitable physical protection for sensitive antenna components while at the same time being substantially transparent to both z-mode and x-mode electromagnetic waves.

Abstract: A switchable microwave fluidic polarizer is provided. In one embodiment, the invention relates to a switchable polarizer for polarizing radio frequency (RF) signals associated with an antenna, the switchable polarizer including a plurality of radiating elements, an RF feed coupled to the plurality of radiating elements, an antenna input coupled to the RF feed, and an antenna cover disposed in proximity to the plurality of radiating elements, the antenna cover including a dielectric substrate including a plurality of channels for enclosing a liquid metal.

Abstract: A vertically polarized dipole or bicone antenna is positioned cylindrically with in many cylindrical layers of polarizing grids that slowly rotate the incident field to cross 0 degrees, i.e., 90 degrees to the horizon, and to attenuate or minimize the effects of gain nulls from reflections off of the innermost grid layer. Such an antenna is used for detecting both horizontal and vertical polarized signals over a broad bandwidth whereby the response to both polarizations is equal.

Abstract: A circular polarization antenna includes a substrate, a ground plane, a tuning stub, a feeding element, and a cavity structure. The substrate has a first surface and a second surface. The feeding element is disposed on the first surface of the substrate. The ground plane is disposed on the second surface of the substrate and has a hole. The tuning stub is disposed on the second surface of the substrate and connected to the edge of the hole. The cavity structure is connected to the ground plane and configured to reflect an electromagnetic wave.

Abstract: This disclosure demonstrates a new class of Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) AMC with very large fractional bandwidth (>100%) even at lower frequencies (<1 GHz). This new UWB AMC is enabled by recognizing that any AMC must be an antenna in order to accept the incident radiation into the circuit. Therefore, by using UWB antenna design features, one can make wide band AMCs. Additionally, by manipulation of the UWB AMC element design, a 1/frequency dependence can be obtained for instantiating the benefits of a quarter wave reflection over a large UWB bandwidth with a single physical thickness.

Abstract: Disclosed is a microwave or radio wave broadcast antenna array constructed to produce rotating fields of energy for broadcast or transmission. The array has an inner conductor enclosed within a tubular outer conductor, and is connected to an energy source. The outer conductor has slots in the wall of the conductor, and rotational polarizers are positioned on either side of the slots to induce rotation and polarization of the transmitted energy.

Abstract: A leaky travelling wave array of optical elements provide a solar wavelength rectenna.

Abstract: To transport electromagnetic energy at high power levels, a coaxial-to-waveguide power combiner/divider comprises a length of single-conductor closed waveguide terminated at one end by a conductive end plate. A plurality N of holes is formed in the end plate. A conductive matching plate is positioned within the waveguide opposite and spaced apart from the conductive end plate and spaced apart from the inner walls of the waveguide. A plurality of coaxial input/output ports each comprise an outer conductor that is electrically and mechanically terminated at the end plate about one hole and an inner conductor that extends through the associated hole into the waveguide and is electrically and mechanically terminated at the underside of the matching plate. The location and geometry of the matching plate and physical arrangement of the N ports are chosen so that the sum of the direct reflection and the N?1 coupled reflection contributions are small.

Abstract: A dual polarization antenna radome includes a plurality of dielectric substrates. Each dielectric substrate provides a plurality of metal totems, and the pattern of the metal totems is unchanged after the metal totems rotate by 90 degrees around the axis perpendicular to the dielectric substrate.

Abstract: A forty five degree polarized antenna having grid layers wrapped around a vertically polarized dipole, or grids wrapped internally or externally around a vertically polarized bicone antenna, and having grid segments separated by capacitors that can attenuate, remove or minimize circumferential resonances that appear due to the presence of the grids and reduce the nulling effects from reflections from the innermost grid layer.

Abstract: A small-sized antenna apparatus capable of two-dimensionally controlling directivity, and a wireless communication apparatus mounted with the same. The antennal apparatus includes a substantially rectangular patch antenna, a plurality of parasitic devices disposed around each side of the patch antenna, and a converting unit configured to switch an electrical length of each of the plurality of parasitic devices. The converting unit controls the electric length to be switched so that the parasitic devices serve as reflectors.

Abstract: A polarizer includes a waveguide channel having a substantially square cross section and a septum disposed within the waveguide channel. The septum includes a stepped edge and two opposite stepped surfaces. The stepped surfaces are sectionally recessed toward each other along the direction pointing toward the interior of the waveguide channel, wherein the number of the steps of the stepped surface is greater than two, but smaller than the number of the steps of the stepped edge. In one embodiment, the square cross section may include a plurality of rounded corners and a plurality of edges extending correspondingly between the rounded corners, wherein the ratio of the radius of the rounded corner to the distance between two opposite edges is in a range of from 0.05 to 0.3.

Abstract: Conductor pieces 102 that are periodically arrayed, a conductor plane 103 that has openings 104 periodically arrayed so as to correspond to the conductor pieces 102, and a dielectric 108 that is arranged between the conductor pieces 102 and the conductor plane 103, are included. Island electrodes 105 and planar inductance elements 106 are arranged in the openings 104 of the conductor plane 103. The island electrodes 105 and the conductor pieces 102 are connected by conductor posts 107. The island electrodes 105 and the conductor plane 103 are connected through the planar inductance elements 106.

Abstract: Controlling an antenna's polarization sense. An antenna system includes a polarized antenna and a mechanism for controlling the polarization sense of the antenna. The controlling mechanism can include rotatable polarizer panels disposed between the antenna's aperture and the antenna's target. The polarizer panels are rotated to switch between polarization senses. The polarizer panels can comprise meander line polarizers that convert the polarization sense of a linear polarized antenna to a circularly polarized antenna and vice-versa. The meander line polarizers can be rotated from a position in which the meander line polarizer panels convert between linear polarization and right-hand-circular (“RHC”) polarization to a position that converts between linear polarization and left-hand-circular (“LHC”) polarization. The polarizer panels can be rotated using a mechanical system that rotates the polarizer panels based on a signal received from a remote device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a printed circuit board into which an electromagnetic bandgap structure for blocking a noise is inserted. The electromagnetic bandgap structure can include a first conductive plate, a second conductive plate arranged on a planar surface that is different from that of the first conductive plate, a third conductive plate arranged on a planar surface that is different from that of the second conductive plate, a connection pattern arranged on a planar surface that is different from that of the second conductive plate, a first stitching via unit configured to connect the first conductive plate to one end of the connection pattern through the planar surface where the second conductive plate is arranged, and a second stitching via unit configured to connect the third conductive plate to the other end of the connection pattern through the planar surface where the second conductive plate is arranged.

Abstract: A method and system for an integrated transceiver is presented. The integrated transceiver includes a transceiver housing, where a waveguide is formed inside the transceiver housing using a transceiver housing and a sub-floor component. Neither transceiver housing nor the sub-floor component alone is configured to operate as a waveguide. The integrated transceiver can include a transceiver housing that forms a portion of an integrated waveguide assembly, where the transceiver housing alone does not form the waveguide, and another portion of the integrated waveguide assembly couples with the transceiver housing to form the waveguide of the integrated waveguide assembly. Further, the integrated waveguide portion of the sub-floor component can be a flat surface, where the integrated waveguide portion of the transceiver housing comprises substantially all the features of said integrated waveguide.

Abstract: An elliptically polarized (EP) dielectric block antenna comprises a linearly polarized (LP) dielectric block antenna and a wave polarizer integrated with the LP dielectric block antenna. The wave polarizer converts the LP wave of the LP dielectric block antenna into an EP wave or a circularly polarized (CP) wave. The wave polarizer is directly integrated with the LP dielectric block antenna by fabricating inclined slots on faces of the dielectric block at an oblique angle to the LP wave direction of polarization. This provides a very compact EP or CP antenna with a broadside or omnidirectional radiation pattern. The EP or CP antenna is excited by an inner conductor of a SubMiniature version A (SMA) connector that can be directly connected to a coaxial line thereby providing a simple feed network for the antenna.

Abstract: As a multi-layered board, an EMI noise reduction board, having an electromagnetic bandgap structure with band stop frequency properties inserted into an inner portion of the board, includes a first area, in which a ground layer and a power layer are formed, and a second area, placed on a side surface of the first area, in which it has the electromagnetic bandgap structure formed therein so as to shield an EMI noise radiated to the outside through the side surface of the first area. The electromagnetic bandgap structure includes a plurality of first conductive plates, placed along the edge of the board, a plurality of second conductive plates, disposed on a planar surface that is different from the first conductive plates such that the second conductive plates are alternately disposed with the first conductive plates, and a via, which connects the first conductive plates to the second conductive plates.

Abstract: Disclosed is a printed circuit board including an electromagnetic bandgap structure. The electromagnetic bandgap structure for blocking a noise is inserted into the printed circuit board. The electromagnetic bandgap structure can include a first conductive plate; a second conductive plate arranged on a planar surface that is different from that of the first conductive plate; a third conductive plate arranged on a planar surface that is different from that of the second conductive plate; and a stitching via unit configured to connect the first conductive plate and the third conductive plate by bypassing the planar surface on which the second conductive plate is arranged and including a first inductor element.

Abstract: A leaky-wave antenna capable of multi-plane scanning is provided. The leaky-wave antenna includes a substrate, a first antenna series, a second antenna series and a plurality of control units. The first antenna series intersects with the second antenna series to share a predetermined antenna unit among many antenna units. A part of the antenna units is connected in series to extend from a first and a second transmission lines of the predetermined antenna unit to compose the first antenna series, and the other antenna units are connected in series to extend from a third and a fourth transmission lines of the predetermined antenna unit to compose the second antenna series. The control units control the transmission paths between the first to the fourth transmission lines and the antenna units, and switch a leaky beam to different scanning planes, wherein the leaky beam scans with frequency variation through the antenna units.

Abstract: A composite polarizer including a first polarizer having a plurality of parallel metal vanes and a second polarizer having a plurality of parallel layers of dielectric material is provided. The first polarizer is disposed on an axis, and has a phase advance orientation orthogonal to the axis. The second polarizer is disposed on the axis and has a phase advance orientation orthogonal to the axis. The first polarizer has a first differential phase shift for a first frequency f1 and a second differential phase shift for a second frequency f2. The second polarizer has a first differential phase shift for the first frequency f1 and a second differential phase shift for the second frequency f2. A total of the first differential phase shifts of the first and second polarizers is about 90°, and a total of the second differential phase shifts of the first and second polarizers is about 90°.

Abstract: A composite polarizer including a first polarizer having a plurality of parallel metal vanes and a second polarizer having a plurality of parallel layers of dielectric material is provided. The first polarizer is disposed on an axis, and has a phase advance orientation orthogonal to the axis. The second polarizer is disposed on the axis and has a phase advance orientation orthogonal to the axis. The first polarizer has a first differential phase shift for a first frequency f1 and a second differential phase shift for a second frequency f2. The second polarizer has a first differential phase shift for the first frequency f1 and a second differential phase shift for the second frequency b. A total of the first differential phase shifts of the first and second polarizers is about 90°, and a total of the second differential phase shifts of the first and second polarizers is about 90°.

Abstract: A waveguide has distal, medial and proximal sections. The distal and medial sections rotate relative to each other and to the proximal section. In a first configuration, the waveguide transforms linearly polarized electromagnetic radiation at the proximal end of the proximal section to linearly polarized electromagnetic radiation at the distal end of the distal section and vice versa. In a second configuration, the waveguide transforms linearly polarized radiation at the proximal end of the proximal section into circularly polarized electromagnetic radiation at the distal end of the distal section and vice versa. Preferably, the distal and medial sections include respective eight-wavelength polarizers and the proximal section includes a quarter-wavelength polarizer. A multi-band antenna feed includes two such waveguides, one nested inside the other, for transforming electromagnetic radiation of respective frequency bands.

Abstract: A wireless communication antenna device includes a horn antenna and a waveguide. The horn antenna for transmitting or receiving a polarized wireless electromagnetic wave having a first electric field component and a second electric field component, the first electric field component and the second electric field component being orthogonal with each other. The waveguide connected to the horn antenna, for propagating the polarized wireless electromagnetic wave. Wherein a first opening of the waveguide includes a side corresponding to the first electric field component and another side corresponding to the second electric field component, and a length of the side corresponding to the first electric field component is different from a length of the side corresponding to the second electric field component, such that the first electric field component and the second electric field component have a phase difference therebetween when the polarized wireless electromagnetic wave is propagated in the waveguide.

Abstract: An antenna includes a CPW transmission line and a radiating portion. The radiating portion is coupled to the CPW transmission line and is substantially coplanar with the CPW transmission line. The radiating portion is configured to produce a first linear polarization at a first frequency, a circular polarization at a second frequency, and a second linear polarization at a third frequency. The radiating portion includes a conductive material extending from the CPW transmission line and forming a plurality of openings in the radiating portion. The openings are asymmetric with respect to a first region of the radiating portion that is disposed on a first side of the CPW transmission line and a second region of the radiating portion that is disposed on a second side of the CPW transmission line.

Abstract: A composite polarizer including a first polarizer having a plurality of parallel metal vanes and a second polarizer having a plurality of parallel layers of dielectric material is provided. The first polarizer is disposed on an axis, and has a phase advance orientation orthogonal to the axis. The second polarizer is disposed on the axis and has a phase advance orientation orthogonal to the axis. The first polarizer has a first differential phase shift for a first frequency f1 and a second differential phase shift for a second frequency f2. The second polarizer has a first differential phase shift for the first frequency f1 and a second differential phase shift for the second frequency f2. A total of the first differential phase shifts of the first and second polarizers is about 90°, and a total of the second differential phase shifts of the first and second polarizers is about 90°.

Abstract: Embodiments provide single-sided and multi-layered circular polarized, self-contained, compound loop antennas (circular polarized CPL). Embodiments of the CPL antennas produce circular polarized signals by using two electric field radiators physically oriented orthogonal to each other, and by ensuring that the two electric field radiators are positioned such that an electrical delay between the two electric field radiators results in the two electric field radiators emitting their respective electric fields out of phase. Ensuring the proper electrical delay between the two electric field radiators also maintains high efficiency of the antenna and it improves the axial ratio of the antenna.

Abstract: In an exemplary embodiment, a phased array antenna comprises multiple subcircuits in communication with multiple radiating elements. The radio frequency signals are adjusted for both polarization control and beam steering. In a receive embodiment, multiple RF signals are received and combined into at least one receive beam output. In a transmit embodiment, at least one transmit beam input is divided and transmitted through multiple radiating elements. In an exemplary embodiment, the phased array antenna provides multi-beam formation over multiple operating frequency bands. The wideband nature of the active components allows for operation over multiple frequency bands simultaneously. Furthermore, the antenna polarization may be static or dynamically controlled at the subarray or radiating element level.

Abstract: A wireless communication system can include polarization agile antennas to enable adaptation to the polarization characteristics of a changing propagation channel. In one embodiment, a mobile terminal can include one or more polarization-agile antennas, and can select polarization orientations that are preferentially propagated through the changing propagation channel. In another embodiment, a mobile terminal having two polarization-agile antennas can provide spatial diversity, polarization diversity, or combinations of both. Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems can include polarization-agile antennas to allow for switching between spatial and polarization diversity, combined spatial and polarization diversity, and various Eigen channel decompositions using spatial, polarization, and combined spatial and polarization dimensions. An extended polar normalization provides enhanced fidelity for methods of communications system modeling.