Abstract: A wide-band antenna assembly is mounted on a circuit board including a contact and a radio frequency module electrically connected to the contact. The assembly comprises a plane antenna formed of a thin film based magnetic material, and a cover formed of metal material having shielding capability. The cover is releasably secured to the circuit board and includes a rectangular recess with the plane antenna glued or adhered therein by insulating adhesive and a slit on the recess for permitting a bent end of the plane antenna to pass through to be electrically connected to the contact. The antenna is further bridged to the metal cover by a conducting wire so as to utilize the gain effect of the metal cover itself. The assembly can substantially eliminate adverse effect and electric noises caused by electrical/electronic components of the circuit board, resulting in a great improvement of communication quality.

Abstract: The antenna-integrated module contains a circuit board 1 on which a high frequency circuit is provided, a cover 2 that is composed of a metal plate and is mounted to the circuit board 1 so as to cover almost the entire surface of the circuit board 1, and a dedicated shield case 3 that is composed of a metal plate and is mounted to the circuit board 1 so as to cover a specific region on the circuit board 1. The high frequency circuit comprises a wiring pattern 4 and a ground pattern 5, and electronic parts 6, and the dedicated shield case 3 covers a portion of the high frequency circuit. Leg pieces 2b and 2c of the cover 2 are connected to the wiring pattern 4 and the ground pattern 5. In the cover 2, an upper plate 2a corresponding to a radiation conductor portion functions as both an inverted F-type antenna and a shield case.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for shielding an operator from electromagnetic fields emitted from an antenna in a portable communication device. A plurality of active shields are placed between the operator's earpiece and the antenna to dampen the effects of the electromagentic fields. The active shields are coupled to adjustment circuits which may include variable gain amplifiers and phase couplers to offset the antenna signal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for improving antenna efficiency. A non-grounded conductive object is placed near an antenna. An insulative layer lies between the object and the antenna. The antenna used is preferably a multiband antenna, such as a discone type antenna.

Abstract: A self-similar log-periodic antenna is described comprising a plurality of substantially triangular conductive elements, 4, symmetrically disposed in either planar or curved configurations about a central conductive boom to form an antenna arm. Two or more antenna arms are assembled into an antenna by symmetrically locating such antenna arms substantially in the shape of a pyramid (for planar arms) or in a conical shape (for curved arms). Some embodiments include a conductive fin, 5, to reduce cross-polarization coupling between antenna arms. Some embodiments include a grounded conductive shield on the interior of the antenna providing electromagnetic shielding for the interior region of the antenna while preserving the self-similar geometry of the antenna and shield combination.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus is provided that includes a printed wiring board, electronic components disposed on the printed wiring board, a shielding member (ground member) that is disposed on the printed wiring board. The shielding member has a length along a predetermined directional axis X set substantially to ¼? or more, the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave used for communication being ?. An antenna element extends in a direction crossing the directional axis X and is grounded to the shielding member (ground member).

Abstract: Devices and methods are provided to enhance magnetic field communication. One aspect of the present subject matter relates to a method for transmitting and receiving signals using an antenna element electrically connected to a driver and an amplifier. According to various embodiments of the method, a first signal is transmitted from the antenna element and a second signal that was induced in the antenna element is received. Transmitting the first signal includes driving the first signal through the antenna element using the driver, and monitoring the first signal through an input impedance of the amplifier. Receiving the second signal includes reducing the input impedance of the amplifier, and receiving the second signal at the amplifier through the reduced input impedance. Various embodiments shield the antenna element from electric and electromagnetic fields. Other aspects are provided herein.

Abstract: The present invention reveals an integral structure including an antenna and a shielding cover as well as its wireless module. The integral structure including an antenna and a shielding cover comprises an antenna, a shielding cover, a first conducting plate and a second conducting plate, where the antenna is used for signal transmitting and receiving, and the shielding cover can avoid electromagnetic interferences to a wireless product. The first conducting plate connects the antenna and the shielding cover. One end of the second conducting plate is connected to the feed-in point of the antenna, and the other end of that is electrically connected to a circuitry of a wireless product for signal transferring. Besides being directly installed in the wireless product, the integral structure including an antenna and a shielding cover can be equipped with a printed circuit board and a plug as a module first, and then the module can be connected to an interface of the wireless product for signal transferring.

Abstract: A radio frequency antenna structure includes a base station antenna and an auxiliary antenna mounted within a common antenna assembly. The base station antenna is configured to transmit or receive signals in a first frequency range and to develop a main beam that is substantially wider in azimuth than in elevation, and the auxiliary antenna is configured to transmit or receive signals in a second frequency range at least partially overlapping the first frequency range and to develop an auxiliary beam at least partially overlapping the main beam. Means are included for decoupling the base station and auxiliary antennas to thereby suppress interference between the main and auxiliary beams, and for suppressing interference between the auxiliary antenna and any co-located antennas.

Abstract: An isolation shield improves the F/B ratio for a directional antenna radiating a electromagnetic wave with a wavelength of ?XMT with a TE20 mode waveguide. The system includes a directional antenna and a waveguide adapted for attachment to one side of the directional antenna. The waveguide defines a channel spanning and positioned adjacent to the side of the directional antenna. The channel has a width and depth that are functions of ?XMT. The waveguide excites a null in the E-field within the channel. The null being adjacent to the edge of the directional antenna and thereby improving the F/B ratio of the directional antenna.

Abstract: A capacitively back-coupled wireless terminal (10) comprises a PCB (22) having a ground conductor (24) on one surface. A back coupling capacitor (C) is carried by the ground conductor. An elongate slot (30) is provided in the ground conductor to widen the bandwidth. An electromagnetic shield (32) is provided on the side of the PCB (22) which in use is facing a lossy dielectric in order to reduce the SAR. The shield is disposed adjacent to, but spaced from, the slot (30) in the ground conductor and the back coupling capacitor. For narrowband operation the slot may be omitted and/or the spacing between the PCB (22) and the shield (32) may be reduced.

Abstract: A first plate member constitutes a part of a main frame of a liquid ejection apparatus. A second plate member is extended from the first plate member such that a first part thereof opposes to a traveling path of a carriage which carries a plurality of liquid containers each provided with an IC chip and a receiving antenna. A transmission antenna is provided on an antenna board. The antenna board is mounted on the first part of the second plate member. The second plate member is formed with a first region which allows the transmission antenna to establish radio communication with the receiving antenna, and a second region which shields radio waves.

Abstract: A dual-band antenna includes a multi-layer substrate and metal strips formed on different layers of the multi-layer substrate. The multi-layer substrate includes at least a first substrate and a second substrate. The metal strips include a first metal strip, a second metal strip, and a sleeve structure. The first metal strip formed on the first substrate further includes a first feeding end and a first open circuit end. The second metal strip formed on the second substrate further including a second feeding end, a vortical metal structure and a second open circuit end, wherein the second feeding end connects the first metal strip through a first conductive via. The sleeve structure formed on the multi-layer substrate by skirting the first metal strip is electrically isolated.

Abstract: A small-sized mobile radio has a built-in antenna is high enough to enhance the antenna characteristics. In the mobile radio, a base plate is structured by a section (antenna-housing section) including a supply portion and a short-circuiting portion, for example, of an antenna element which affect the antenna characteristics, and a section (circuit-housing section) which is the rest of the base plate. The antenna-housing section is so positioned so as to keep the built-in antenna high enough, that is, to keep the space between the base plate and the antenna element large enough. On the other hand, the circuit-housing section is positioned toward the back of the cabinet to provide room for a display and a key section.

Abstract: A radio frequency radiation shield unit that is removably mounted on the antenna of a wireless telephone. It has an upright oriented front wall member that is detachably connected to an upright oriented rear wall member. These wall members are fabricated of a plastic material having carbon fibers therein for absorbing and dispersing radiation. A chamber is formed between the front wall member and rear wall member and one or more membranes are positioned therein and these membranes are made of carbon fiber material that has been cut into strips and tightly woven together. A tubular collar is formed on the rear surface of the lower portion of the rear wall member.

Abstract: A standard slow wave meander line having sections of alternating impedance relative to a conductor plate is provided with a top shield connected to the conductor plane for the purpose of lowering the resonant frequency of narrow band antennas and lowering the low frequency cutoff limit of wide band antennas due to a higher delay per unit length occasioned by the use of the top shield. The shielded meander line may be utilized as a coupling device to truncated antennas such as a whip antenna or grounded loop antenna for the purposes of loading the antenna so as to provide lower frequency performance. Since the propagation constant of the meander line structure depends upon the number of high impedance/low impedance transitions per unit length, the utilization of the top shield results in more phase shifts per unit length and thus more delay per unit length, with the symmetric double sided version having double the number of transitions per unit length.

Abstract: In an antenna device, an antenna element incorporated in a housing provided with a display unit is omnidirectional. An antenna device comprises a housing for allowing a display unit for displaying visual information to be disposed on the principal surface F1, and an antenna element incorporated in the housing for radiating a radio wave from an end face F2 contacting with the principal surface F1 of the housing.

Abstract: A combined antenna and electromagnetic shield include a dielectric body mountable to a printed circuit board (PCB), antenna metallization disposed on a first side of the dielectric body and shield metallization disposed on a second side of the dielectric body. The shield metallization serves both as a ground plane for the antenna metallization and as an electromagnetic interference shield for circuit and components on the PCB below. Physical parameters of the component, such as thickness and composition, can be designed to tailor the performance of the antenna formed by the device. Antenna height can be defined by an injection mold, which dramatically reduces variability in the performance of production antennas.

Abstract: In an antenna for communicating an electromagnetic wave, a first converger converges the electromagnetic wave. A second converger faces the first converger and includes a conductor plate having a through hole, into which a magnetic flux of the converged electromagnetic wave is converged. The through hole is formed at a center portion of the conductor plate so as to have a size which is sufficiently smaller than a wavelength of the electromagnetic wave. The conductor plate is formed with a cutout extending from a part of the through hole to an outer periphery of the conductor plate. A converter faces the through hole of the conductor plate to convert the converged magnetic flux into voltage.

Abstract: An inverted F antenna with integrated shield is constructed from an electrically conducting sheet that is folded into a shape that provides both a shield can covers an RF module of circuit and an inverted F antenna such that shield can functions also as a ground plane for the antenna. In a pre-folded state the sheet has a shield can portion and a radiating element portion that are connected to each other by a ground feed line that bridges the shield can portion and radiating element portion. The shield can portion preferably includes a plurality of walls that are foldable along respective folds. The radiating element portion preferably includes a plurality of edges and a signal feed line extending from a first one of the plurality of edges. The ground feed line extends from a second one of said plurality of edges.

Abstract: The present invention relates to antennas for radio signal frequencies, an electromagnetic shield and a mechanical package for electronic components. The antenna uses a three-dimensional conductive structure to enclose the components that are used for the transmission and reception of wireless devices. This conductive structure preferably encloses electronic components. The structure can be divided into two or more sections such that each section is enclosed providing shielding from external electromagnetic fields. Each conductive section is connected to the antenna port or ports of the device it contains. The conductive mechanical package is preferably sized to resonant at the desired frequency of operation. If the electromagnetic fields to be radiated are within and outside the package, the internal bulkheads can be used to control the desired resonant modes. Photonic band gap structures can be also used to connect the pole elements.

Abstract: To provide an antenna apparatus having high reliability without applying a stress to a portion of a grounding spring bonded with an LNA board.

Abstract: A frame structure for a T/R tile module configured to transmit and receive electromagnetic radiation over a predetermined portion of the electromagnetic spectrum is provided. The frame component comprises at least one frame component formed as a single piece from a synthetic resin dielectric material. The frame component is configured to support a plurality of electrical connectors, and has a thin film coating configured to provide a ground connection and electromagnetic shield when the frame structure is incorporated into a transmit/receive module. A portion of the frame component is configured to interface with a portion of a T/R module when the frame component is incorporated into the T/R module, and the synthetic resin dielectric material provides the frame component with a range of compressibility that enables the frame component to provide the module with an effective ground connection over that range of compressibility.

Abstract: An isolation shield improves the F/B ratio for a directional antenna radiating a electromagnetic wave with a wavelength of &lgr;XMT with a TE20 mode waveguide. The system includes a directional antenna and a waveguide adapted for attachment to one side of the directional antenna. The waveguide defines a channel spanning and positioned adjacent to the side of the directional antenna. The channel has a width and depth that are functions of &lgr;XMT. The waveguide excites a null in the E-field within the channel. The null being adjacent to the edge of the directional antenna and thereby improving the F/B ratio of the directional antenna.

Abstract: A first plate member constitutes a part of a main frame of a liquid ejection apparatus. A second plate member is extended from the first plate member such that a first part thereof opposes to a traveling path of a carriage which carries a plurality of liquid containers each provided with an IC chip and a receiving antenna. A transmission antenna is provided on an antenna board. The antenna board is mounted on the first part of the second plate member. The second plate member is formed with a first region which allows the transmission antenna to establish radio communication with the receiving antenna, and a second region which shields radio waves.

Abstract: A shield for shielding radio frequency emissions being emitted from a communications antenna. The shield has a first layer of material having the physical property of generally absorbing radio frequency electromagnetic emissions and a second layer of material having the physical property of generally reflecting radio frequency emissions. The first layer of material is positioned between the second layer of material and the communications antenna. Therefore, the first layer of material absorbs a portion of the radio frequency emissions from the communications antenna, and the second layer of material reflects back the remaining emissions to the first layer of material. Therefore, the first layer absorbs a further portion of the remaining emissions. A layer of absorbing material is placed between the combined first & second layers and a material that is transparent to radio frequency emissions and through which the communications antenna radiates radio frequency energy.

Abstract: An antenna element is provided having a stacked patch configuration and having tuning structures by which the antenna element can be tuned at two different frequencies of operation. A plurality of the antenna elements can be combined to provide an antenna array. The antenna array can be provided having one or more surface wave surface wave control structures that isolate respective ones of the antenna elements from other respective ones of the antenna elements. The antenna element and/or the antenna array can be provided having RF feeds that can generate any pre-determined polarization.

Abstract: The invention relates to an improved metal shielding mask for a connector having an antenna, comprising a hollow metal shielding mask formed of an upper sheet portion and a lateral sheet portion, wherein an antenna is formed by extending a predefined length of a metal plate in a vertical or horizontal direction from a predetermined position at a lower end of a side of the upper sheet portion, a signal feeding terminal for the antenna of the metal shielding masks formed of an I shaped extension portion which is externally extended from a top end of a side of the upper sheet portion along one end of the antenna, and a ground terminal for the metal shielding is formed of a plurality of I shaped extension portions which are respectively extended externally from both sides of the lateral sheet portion as the metal shielding mask is bent.

Abstract: A shield for shielding radio frequency emissions being emitted from a communications antenna. The shield has a first layer of material having the physical property of generally absorbing radio frequency electromagnetic emissions and a second layer of material having the physical property of generally reflecting radio frequency emissions. The first layer of material is positioned between the second layer of material and the communications antenna. Therefore, the first layer of material absorbs a portion of the radio frequency emissions from the communications antenna, and the second layer of material reflects back the remaining emissions to the first layer of material. Therefore, the first layer absorbs a further portion of the remaining emissions. A layer of absorbing material is placed between the combined first & second layers and a material that is transparent to radio frequency emissions and through which the communications antenna radiates radio frequency energy.

Abstract: An antenna unit and a computing system utilizing the antenna unit are disclosed. The antenna is compact and can be fabricated at low cost and with high accuracy. The antenna unit comprises an antenna and a connection cable. The antenna unit is constructed by forming the antenna and the connection cable integrally on a preferably flexible insulating film using preferably the FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit) technique. The computing system comprises a body having its main operational circuits and a hinged cover having a display. The flexible printed antenna is formed integrally with its module of electric components using the FPC technique and is made to span the body and the cover. The antenna itself and the connection cable can be freely bent or folded, resulting in higher freedom in their positioning within the computer system body and cover.

Abstract: The present invention relates to antennas for radio signal frequencies, an electromagnetic shield and a mechanical package for electronic components. The antenna uses a three-dimensional conductive structure to enclose the components that are used for the transmission and reception of wireless devices. This conductive structure preferably encloses electronic components. The structure can be divided into two or more sections such that each section is enclosed providing shielding from external electromagnetic fields. Each conductive section is connected to the antenna port or ports of the device it contains. The conductive mechanical package is preferably sized to resonant at the desired frequency of operation. If the electromagnetic fields to be radiated are within and outside the package, the internal bulkheads can be used to control the desired resonant modes. Photonic band gap structures can be also used to connect the pole elements.

Abstract: The present invention reveals an integral structure including an antenna and a shielding cover as well as its wireless module. The integral structure including an antenna and a shielding cover comprises an antenna, a shielding cover, a first conducting plate and a second conducting plate, where the antenna is used for signal transmitting and receiving, and the shielding cover can avoid electromagnetic interferences to a wireless product. The first conducting plate connects the antenna and the shielding cover. One end of the second conducting plate is connected to the feed-in point of the antenna, and the other end of that is electrically connected to a circuitry of a wireless product for signal transferring. Besides being directly installed in the wireless product, the integral structure including an antenna and a shielding cover can be equipped with a printed circuit board and a plug as a module first, and then the module can be connected to an interface of the wireless product for signal transferring.

Abstract: An antenna apparatus is provided that includes a printed wiring board, electronic components disposed on the printed wiring board, a shielding member (ground member) that is disposed on the printed wiring board. The shielding member has a length along a predetermined directional axis X set substantially to ¼&lgr; or more, the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave used for communication being &lgr;. An antenna element extends in a direction crossing the directional axis X and is grounded to the shielding member (ground member).

Abstract: A compact flash card device includes a board received in a housing, an L-shaped antenna member attached to the board and received in the housing, and a cover secured to the housing, to retain the antenna member and the board in the housing. Both the antenna member and the circuit board may be received and concealed within the housing such that the antenna member will not be exposed and will not increase the volume of the CF card device, and will not be stricken by the other objects, and will not be disengaged from the housing of the card device. A welding member may further solidly secure the antenna member to the board.

Abstract: The portable telephone includes an antenna and a metallic cabinet operating as main radiation sources of electromagnetic waves, a feeding point for supplying said antenna and said metallic cabinet with electric power, an outer packaging formed of such a material as plastics or resin, and a reflecting plate for reflecting the electromagnetic waves radiated from said radiation sources, the reflecting plate being provided for increasing the amount of the electromagnetic waves radiated into a free space when the portable telephone is in use, being selectively arranged at a position where an electric field component or a magnetic field component of the electromagnetic waves radiated from said radiation sources is dominant, and having an electric constant which enables effective reflection of said magnetic field component or said electric field component and causes little electric power absorption.

Abstract: A patch antenna is excited by a linear feedline through a cross-shaped aperture in a shield layer. The cross-shaped aperture includes a longitudinal arm running parallel to the linear feedline and a transverse arm running orthogonally to the longitudinal arm.

Abstract: A mobile telephone antenna 49 comprises an electrically insulating substrate 2 which is L-shaped in cross-section, and a driven element 3 formed by an outer electrically conductive layer applied to an inner surface of the substrate 2 and an inner electrically conductive layer 5 applied to the substrate 2 and spaced from the outer layer by an insulating gap. The gap extends to a transmitting edge of the antenna 1 such that two portions of the outer layer are spaced from a portion of the inner layer 5 along the edge by two insulating portions of the substrate 2. The antenna 49 also incorporated an impedance-correcting secondary antenna part 50 comprising an electrically conductive element extending upwardly from the inner layer 5 and constituting an inductive element which is tuned to the frequency of the transmitted radiation.

Abstract: A device for reducing radiation from an antenna of a portable telephone, includes a main body having an outer body with a central bore, and an antenna gripping member mounted in the bore and having an antenna receiving opening for receiving the antenna of the telephone; a radiation reducing lead shield mounted to an outer surface of the main body and extending only partially therearound for reducing electromagnetic radiation from the antenna to a person using the telephone; a cover body in surrounding relation to the main body and the radiation reducing shield, and including a cover opening in alignment with the antenna receiving opening; and indicia on the cover body for indicating an orientation of the main body on the antenna such that the radiation reducing shield is positioned on a side of the antenna which is opposite from the earpiece speaker.

Abstract: A radiation protection device for minimizing the deleterious effects of electromagnetic radiation, especially that from a cellular telephone is presented. The radiation protection device is preferably composed of a ceramic material. Upon affixing the radiation protection device to a cellular telephone or any suitable electronic device, the radiation protection device absorbs gravitational waves from the surrounding environment. The absorbed gravitational waves may be amplified within the radiation protection device. The radiation protection device may then emit the amplified gravitational waves to alter the electromagnetic radiation emitted from the cellular telephone.

Abstract: A combined antenna and electromagnetic shield include a dielectric body mountable to a printed circuit board (PCB), antenna metallization disposed on a first side of the dielectric body and shield metallization disposed on a second side of the dielectric body. The shield metallization serves both as a ground plane for the antenna metallization and as an electromagnetic interference shield for circuit and components on the PCB below. Physical parameters of the component, such as thickness and composition, can be designed to tailor the performance of the antenna formed by the device. Antenna height can be defined by an injection mold, which dramatically reduces variability in the performance of production antennas.

Abstract: An antenna system operable to receive radio frequency signals and operable to couple radio frequency energy through a dielectric panel. The system includes an exterior radio frequency coupling module having a plate and a shield electrically coupled to the plate. The exterior coupling module also has a conductive member electrically isolated from the plate and the shield. The system also includes an interior radio frequency coupling module having a plate and a shield electrically coupled to the plate. The interior coupling module includes a conductive member electrically isolated from the outer conductor and a shield. The exterior coupling module is affixed to one side of the dielectric panel and the interior coupling module is affixed to another side of the dielectric panel in juxtaposition to the exterior module. Both conductive members of the exterior and interior module contact the dielectric panel.

Abstract: In the vehicle surroundings monitoring device which monitors the surrounding of the vehicle, the device includes a transmitting antenna (2) mounted in the interior of the door mirror of the vehicle and radiates transmitted waves through the mirror surface of the door mirror; and a receiving antenna (3) that receives the reflected waves from an object existing near the vehicle through the mirror surface of the door mirror, a housing (12) of the door mirror and a support portion (15) that supports the surface of the door mirror (7) and has the transmitting antenna (2) and the receiving antenna (3) built therein are made of an electromagnetic shielding material. Instead, an electromagnetic shielding material is arranged on the inner surface of the housing and the inner surface of the door mirror support portion. Instead, an electric wave absorber is arranged on the inner surface of the housing and the inner surface of the door mirror support portion.

Abstract: The shielded spiral sheet antenna concept permits a small efficient antenna structure that is much smaller than the electromagnetic wavelength. In such small structures, the radiation usually goes almost all directions. A geometrical structure that shields the radiation from absorbers, and it directs the radiation in the opposite direction. This is difficult to achieve in very small radiators. At the same time, the shielded spiral sheet structure is more efficient than other antennas. Its radiation is shielded from an adjacent absorber by an asymmetric metallic border. The specifications of the asymmetric metallic border are given by an operational mathematical procedure.

Abstract: A self-similar log-periodic antenna is described comprising a plurality of substantially triangular conductive elements, 4, symmetrically disposed in either planar or curved configurations about a central conductive boom to form an antenna arm. Two or more antenna arms are assembled into an antenna by symmetrically locating such antenna arms substantially in the shape of a pyramid (for planar arms) or in a conical shape (for curved arms). Some embodiments include a conductive fin, 5, to reduce cross-polarization coupling between antenna arms. Some embodiments include a grounded conductive shield on the interior of the antenna providing electromagnetic shielding for the interior region of the antenna while preserving the self-similar geometry of the antenna and shield combination.

Abstract: A flexible curtain antenna comprised of one or more panels containing at least one conductor antenna. The conductors in the panels are coupled to a transmission device, such as an interrogation reader, to form an antenna. The panels are attached to a mounting structure. The curtain antenna is designed so that objects can pass through the panels. As objects containing wireless communication devices pass through the panels, the panels come into close proximity to the wireless communication devices on the objects. The interrogation reader uses the panels as antennas to establish communication with the wireless communication devices on the objects to retrieve information about the objects. This information can be further communicated to a reporting system and/or a remote system using either a wired or wireless connection.

Abstract: A body detecting element is buried in the ground together with a body such as a metal body and includes a magnetic member acting as a magnetic core, an antenna coil wound around the magnetic member and a capacitor connected to both the ends of the antenna coil for forming a resonance circuit together with the antenna coil. The antenna coil is mounted on the body integrally therewith through an electromagnetic shield member with the outer peripheral surface thereof confronting the outer surface of the body. A body detecting element includes an RFID circuit connected to the antenna coil and mounted on a body integrally therewith such that the outer peripheral surface of the antenna coil confronts the outer surface of the body through an electromagnetic shield member. Even if the body detecting element is mounted on the body such as the metal pipe integrally therewith, it can accurately detect the body because a resonant frequency and the Q value of the coil are not changed.

Abstract: An ultra-wideband, large-current radiator consisting of a ground plane and two electric monopoles: a wide radiating monopole orthogonal to the ground plane, and a thin monopole orthogonal to the ground plane and normally displaced from the wide monopole. The frequency-independent low impedance of the antenna allows a small voltage to generate a large current. The wide radiating monopole may be a flat sheet, or a sheet of parallel bars. Shielding by the wide monopole suppresses radiation from the thin monopole into a sector of space into which the monopole radiation characteristic of a well-formed impulse in response to a voltage step is desired. In one preferred embodiment, two parallel flat sheets or a conducting cylinder is used as the wide radiating monopole, further shielding radiation from the thin monopole.

Abstract: The invention relates to a multi-layered carrier element for reducing interference with an antenna comprising at least one coil. In addition to the layer, the antenna comprises a shield which is placed along at least one extension of the antenna and split at a certain point. The shield is electrically connected to a reference point which is located on the carrier element and is preferably electrically connected to the ground layer. The shield reduces interference such as that caused by a hand or by a nearby metallic object.

Abstract: A portable telephone includes a metal substrate, a shield box, a monopole antenna and a feed unit. The surface of the metal substrate includes a conductive metal layer. The shield box covers a radio transmitter-receiver unit provided on the metal substrate to electromagnetically shield the radio transmitter-receiver unit, and has conductivity. The monopole antenna extends in a predetermined direction, and has an electrical length of (&lgr;/2)×N (N is an integer). The feed unit is provided at the metal substrate so as to be apart from the shield box in the extending direction of the monopole antenna. The feed unit includes a matching circuit.

Abstract: In an antenna structure having a transmit antenna disposed over a first section of a ground plane and a receive antenna disposed over a second section of the ground plane, a cut is provided between the first and second sections of the ground plan The length of the cut is substantially equal to one quarter-wavelength of the operating frequency band of transmit/receive antenna pair so as to provide isolation between the transmit antenna and the receive antenna. If the antenna structure also has a transceiver antenna operated in a further frequency band disposed over the same ground plane and straddling over the first section and the second section, a switch is provided over the cut. The switch is operating in a closed position when the transceiver antenna in the further frequency band is used, and in an open position when the transmit/receiver antenna pair is used.