Abstract: Discussed herein are an OLED display device and a method of driving the same.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an array substrate and a display panel. The array substrate includes a plurality of scanning lines and a plurality of data lines intersecting with each other to form a plurality of pixel cells. The pixel cells are divided into the pixel cells within a first area and the pixel cells within a second area along the scanning lines. Each of the pixel cells within the second area includes a first thin film transistor (TFT) and a control unit connected to the first TFT. The control unit is configured to reduce a pixel voltage of the pixel cell where the first TFT is configured. As such, the display panel may display images uniformly, and display performance of the display panel may be improved.

Abstract: An electronic device includes one or more unit pixels with a first node, a second node, and a third node. The device includes light-emitting-diode (LED) voltage (Vled) sensing circuitry, that senses Vled of the one or more unit pixels, by: sampling a charge of a capacitor of the one or more unit pixels, transitioning from the sampling, and reading out the Vled based upon a change in the charge of the capacitor, such that an operation of the unit pixel may be modified based upon the Vled.

Abstract: The present invention provides a DC voltage conversion circuit, a DC voltage conversion method, and a liquid crystal display device. The DC voltage conversion circuit comprises a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a voltage dividing unit, and a switching unit. The second terminal of the first capacitor is connected with the first voltage-transforming signal and the second terminal of the third capacitor is connected with the second voltage-transforming signal. The first and second voltage-transforming signals are both pulse signals, and the first and second voltage-transforming signals have opposite phases. Comparing the present invention and the conventional art, the present invention can quickly complete the transformation of the input voltage, to reduce the require time for completing the voltage transformation, which has strong driving capability and fast response speed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a driving circuit of a display panel. A plurality of driving units produce a reference driving voltage according to a gamma voltage of a gamma circuit, respectively. A plurality of digital-to-analog converting circuits receive the reference driving voltages output by the plurality of driving units, and select one of the plurality of reference driving voltage as a data driving voltage according to pixel data, respectively. The plurality of digital-to-analog converting circuits transmit the plurality of data driving voltages to the display panel for displaying images. A voltage boost circuit is used for producing a first supply voltage and providing the first supply voltage to the plurality of digital-to-analog converting circuits. At least a voltage boost unit is used for producing a second supply voltage and providing the second supply voltage to the plurality of driving units.

Abstract: A pixel includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, and a capacitor. The first transistor connects a first power source to a light emitter based on a first control signal. The second transistor connects a pixel circuit to the light emitter. The third transistor connects a second power source to the pixel circuit based on a second control signal. The capacitor is a MOS capacitor having a first electrode connected to receive the second control signal and a second electrode connected to the second transistor.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode display device according to an embodiment includes pixels each configured with an organic light emitting diode and a driving switch used to control a current flowing through the organic light emitting diode. The organic light emitting diode display device compensates a deterioration property of the organic light emitting diode after properties of the driving switch is compensated. As such, the deterioration property of the organic light emitting diode can be maximally reflected to a sensing data. In accordance therewith, the deterioration property of the organic light emitting diode can be accurately compensated.

Abstract: A driving circuit includes a current drive unit and a reset compensation and light emitting control circuit. The current drive unit includes a first transistor and a second transistor. The first transistor and the second transistor are connected in series, wherein the first transistor and the second transistor include a silicon semiconductor layer. The reset compensation and light emitting control circuit is coupled to the current drive unit. The reset compensation and light emitting control circuit includes a third transistor connected to a control terminal of the first transistor, wherein the third transistor is an oxide semiconductor transistor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a gate voltage driving device of a liquid crystal display device. The gate voltage driving device includes a voltage input module, a control module, and a voltage output module. Further disclosed are a gate voltage driving method, a driving circuit, and a liquid crystal display panel. A scanning signal is enabled to have different chamfers by improving a structure of a gate driving circuit, and only two control terminals are needed. Control logic is simple, and improvement costs are relatively low.

Abstract: A display panel, a display apparatus, and a display panel driving method are provided. The display panel comprises a display region including a plurality of pixels arranged in both a first direction and a second direction. The first direction intersects the second direction, and a non-display region surrounding the display region. The display region includes at least one irregular edge intersecting both the first direction and the second direction. The plurality of pixels include a plurality of first pixels intersecting the at least one irregular edge and a plurality of second pixels without intersecting the at least one irregular edge. A first pixel has an initial grayscale g. In a display phase of the display panel, the initial grayscale g of the first pixel is adjusted to a display grayscale G, where G<g.

Abstract: The present invention attenuates noise appearing at neighboring electrodes by causing a rising edge of one clock signal to be synchronized with a falling edge of another one clock signal when a clock signal for gate driving is generated.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provides a panel drive device and a display device. The panel drive device includes an interface module, a voltage conversion module and a compensation module. The interface module includes a first input end and a first output end. The voltage conversion module includes a second input end and a second output end. The first output end is coupled with the second input end. A voltage at the first input end is a first voltage, a voltage at the first output end is a second voltage, a voltage at the second input end is a third voltage signal and a voltage at the second output end is a fourth voltage signal. The compensation module is configured to generate a compensation voltage signal according to the third voltage signal and apply the compensation voltage signal to the first input end or the first output end, so that the third voltage signal equals to the first voltage signal.

Abstract: An AMOLED display backboard, a display device and a manufacturing method of an AMOLED display backboard are provided. In the AMOLED display backboard, the number of VDD lines (601) is less than that of sub-pixels in one row, thus reducing area occupied by the VDD lines (601), lessening occupation of VDD lines (601) on the area of circuit board, while realizing connection of circuit input terminals (603) of respective sub-pixels and VDD lines (601) by the VDD connecting line (602).

Abstract: The display device (10) comprises an array of rows and columns of pixels. The display device further comprises a plurality of commonly controlled first electrodes (FE) for supplying a common signal (DS1) to each pixel (13), a plurality of commonly controlled second electrodes (SE) for supplying a further common signal (DS2) to each pixel, and a plurality of pixel addressing electrodes (AC1, AC2, AC3, AC4) for addressing the individual pixels. At least the plurality of first electrodes and the plurality of second electrodes are routed parallel to one another, such that crossovers between the commonly controlled electrodes are eliminated.

Abstract: According to an aspect, a display apparatus includes: a plurality of pixels formed on a substrate; a plurality of semiconductor apparatuses, each of which is coupled to a part of the pixels, the part being different for each semiconductor apparatus; and wiring that couples the semiconductor apparatuses to one another. Each semiconductor apparatus includes a drive signal output circuit configured to output a drive signal to the part of the pixels, and an output controller configured to: output and receive, to and from other semiconductor apparatuses, a drive communication signal including a drive start communication signal indicating reception of a drive start signal to start driving the pixels via the wiring; and cause the drive signal output circuit to output the drive signal when determining that all the semiconductor apparatuses have received the drive start signals in accordance with the drive start communication signal.

Abstract: A gate driving circuit including a plurality of stages to respectively output gate signals to gate lines and connected to each other in cascade, an ith stage from among the plurality of stages including: a first output unit to generate a gate signal from a clock signal received at an input terminal; a first control unit to control the potential of a first node; a first pull-down unit to provide a first low voltage to a gate output terminal to drop down the gate signal, the first low voltage being lower than a gate off voltage of the gate signal; a first holding unit and a stabilization unit, each to provide a second low voltage having a higher level than that of the first low voltage to the gate output terminal; and a second control unit to control an operation of the first holding unit.

Abstract: The present invention provides a data driver of a liquid crystal display (LCD), which comprises: a digital-to-analog converter module; the digital-to-analog converter module receives data from a clock controller of LCD, and converts to generate pixel grayscale reference voltages; the digital-to-analog converter module receives first and second gamma voltages from a gamma circuit of the LCD, and generates the pixel grayscale voltages supplied to data lines of LCD in accordance with the pixel grayscale reference voltages and the first and second gamma voltages, and wherein the first and second gamma voltages can be regulated respectively. The present invention further provides a LCD, pixel grayscale voltages supplied to four-domain sub-pixels and eight-domain sub-pixels can be regulated respectively by arranging two gamma voltages which can be regulated respectively, so as to resolve the problem of color shift occurred when the LCD displays.

Abstract: An example display apparatus includes: a display panel having a display region and a non-display region located at peripheries of the display region; a signal line provided in the display panel to transmit an image signal; a spare wiring routed to an outside of the display panel and the non-display region of the display panel, and connected to the signal line; a plurality of connection terminals; and an amplifier which have an input side connected to a first connection terminal and an output side connected to the spare wiring, and the display apparatus is configured to input a signal from the signal line to the amplifier through the first connection terminal. On the output side of the amplifier, a part of the spare wiring is connected to a second connection terminal, and is routed to the non-display region from the outside of the display panel. The part of the spare wiring is further connected a third connection terminal, and is routed to the outside of the display panel.

Abstract: A display may have an array of organic light-emitting diode display pixels operating at a low refresh rate. Each display pixel may have six thin-film transistors and one capacitor. One of the six transistors may serve as the drive transistor and may be compensated using the remaining five transistors and the capacitor. One or more on-bias stress operations may be applied before threshold voltage sampling to mitigate first frame dimming. Multiple anode reset and on-bias stress operations may be inserted during vertical blanking periods to reduce flicker and maintain balance and may also be inserted between successive data refreshes to improve first frame performance. Two different emission signals controlling each pixel may be toggled together using a pulse width modulation scheme to help provide darker black levels.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting display panel, a driving method thereof, and an organic light-emitting display device are provided. The organic light-emitting display panel includes a pixel driving circuit comprising an organic light-emitting element, a driving module, an initialization module, a data write-in module, and a light-emitting control module. The driving module includes a control end, a first end and a second end. The light-emitting control module is configured to transmit a signal to the second end of the driving module. The driving module is configured to drive the organic light-emitting element to emit light based on the signal transmitted by the light-emitting control module. The initialization module is configured to initialize a voltage level of the control end and a voltage level of the first end of the driving module. The data write-in module is configured to write a data signal into the control end of the driving module.

Abstract: One of the objects is to improve display quality by reduction in malfunctions of a circuit. In a driver circuit formed using a plurality of pulse output circuits having first to third transistors and first to fourth signal lines, a first clock signal is supplied to the first signal line; a preceding stage signal is supplied to the second signal line; a second clock signal is supplied to the third signal line; an output signal is output from the fourth signal line. Duty ratios of the first clock signal and the second clock signal are different from each other. A period during which the second clock signal is changed from an L-level signal to an H-level signal after the first clock signal is changed from an H-level signal to an L-level signal is longer than a period during which the preceding stage signal is changed from an L-level signal to an H-level signal.

Abstract: A circuit configured to sense a threshold voltage of an organic light emitting diode (OLED) of a display panel includes a sample and hold unit configured to receive the threshold voltage of the OLED, a first sampling capacitor between the first input terminal and a first reference voltage, and a first charge sharing capacitor having a first terminal connected to the first sampling capacitor and a second terminal connected to a second reference voltage, a second sample and hold unit including a second input terminal connected to the first reference voltage, a second sampling capacitor between the second input terminal and the first reference voltage, and a second charge sharing capacitor having a first terminal connected to the second sampling capacitor and a second terminal connected to a third reference voltage, and an amplifier including first and second amplifier input terminals connected to the first and second output terminals, respectively.

Abstract: A vision protection method is provided to ensure a viewer to rest his/her eyes after viewing on an electronic device for a certain period, wherein the eyesight protection method includes the steps of detecting at least one of eye activities of the viewer and working parameter of the electronic device in a working mode of the electronic device during the viewer is working on a current work displaying by the electronic device; switching the working mode of the electronic device to a resting mode when an abnormal eye activity of the viewer is detected; and switching the electronic device from the resting mode back to the working mode to resume the display of the current work of the electronic device. Therefore, the viewer is enforced to rest his/her eyes after every certain period.

Abstract: A display device is configured to be driven in a period that is divided into a driving period and a sensing period. The display device includes pixels including driving transistors coupled to scan lines, data lines, and sensing lines, a scan driver configured to supply scan signals to the scan lines, a data driver configured to supply at least one of a reference voltage and data signals to the data lines, a sensing unit configured to sense the characteristic information via the sensing lines during the sensing period, control lines formed in parallel with the scan lines, a first switch coupled between an n-th scan line and an n-th control line, and a second switch coupled between the n-th control line and an (n+1)-th scan line and configured such that a turn-on period of the second switch does not overlap a turn-on period of the first switch.

Abstract: There are provided in the present disclosure a pixel driving circuit, an array substrate and a display apparatus.

Abstract: Power conservation techniques for foldable displays are described. In one embodiment, for example, an apparatus may comprise at least one memory and logic, at least a portion of which is implemented in circuitry coupled to the memory, the logic to identify a use state of a display segment of a flexible display, determine whether to alter a power state of the display segment based on the use state of the display segment, and in response to a determination to alter the power state of the display segment, send a power control command to cause the display segment to initiate a power state transition. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: A boost circuit includes: an inductor, a switch module, a capacitor and a control module. The switch module includes at least a first switch and a second switch. The capacitor and the second switch are connected in parallel. A first terminal of the first switch is connected to one terminal of the inductor. A second terminal of the first switch is connected to a first terminal of the second switch. A second terminal of the second switch is grounded. The other terminal of the inductor is configured to connect a power supply. The control module is connected to a control terminal of the switch module. The control module is configured to control states of the switches in the switch module, to enable the first terminal of the second switch to output a voltage signal with a preset frequency and amplitude.

Abstract: A display device includes: a first data driving chip including: a first data driving circuit to generate a first data signal; and a first sensor to sense a first overcurrent flowing in the first data driving circuit based on a first power current flowing in the first data driving circuit to generate a first signal; a second data driving chip including: a second data driving circuit to generate a second data signal; and a second sensor to sense a second overcurrent flowing in the second data driving circuit based on a second power current flowing in the second data driving circuit to generate a second signal; and a power controller to control first and second powers respectively supplied to the first and second data driving chips, and to block at least one of the first and second powers based on at least one of the first and second signals.

Abstract: A pixel compensating circuit and a driving method thereof, an array substrate and a display device. The pixel compensating circuit includes: a reset circuit, connected with a reset signal line, and configured to reset a driving circuit according to a reset signal from the reset signal line; the driving circuit, configured to output a driving current to drive a display apparatus to emit light and display; a compensating circuit, connected with a signal control line, and a data line, and configured to compensate a threshold voltage for the driving circuit and write data into the driving circuit under control of a signal control signal from the signal control line; and a luminance control circuit, connected with a luminance control line, and configured to control the driving circuit to drive the display apparatus to emit light and display according to a luminance control signal from the luminance control line.

Abstract: Subject matter disclosed herein relates to increasing luminance and reducing power consumption in electrowetting display devices. The electrowetting display comprises a plurality of electrowetting elements that are driven by a driving voltage that comprises a first voltage and a common voltage. A common electrode provides the common voltage. A timing controller is provided to drive the electrowetting elements. The timing controller controls the common electrode to increase an amplitude of the common voltage to thereby increase luminance of the electrowetting display during driving of the electrowetting elements.

Abstract: An optical compensation method for a display device including a pixel is provided. The method includes: providing test data having a first grayscale value to the display device; measuring a luminance of the pixel which emits light based on the test data; and calculating a compensation grayscale value based on a second target luminance and the measured luminance of the pixel. The second target luminance is lower than a first target luminance which is set based on the first grayscale value.

Abstract: Disclosed are a pixel circuit, a method for driving the same, a display panel, a display device, and the pixel circuit which includes a driving transistor structured with double-gates, a first switch transistor, a second switch transistor, a third switch transistor, a fourth switch transistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a light-emitting element; and the respective transistors and capacitors above cooperate with each other to compensate for threshold voltage of the driving transistor, so that driving current to drive the light-emitting element to emit light is only dependent upon voltage of a data signal, the light-emitting element is avoided from being affected by the threshold voltage of the driver control module, and when the same data signal is applied to different pixel elements, an image at the same brightness can be displayed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject technology relate to control circuitry for light-emitting diodes. The control circuitry may operate a light-emitting diode using a multi-peak pulse-width-modulation signal. The control circuitry may include a multi-stage driver having a relatively larger driver stage for providing a direct current through a light-emitting diode and a relatively smaller driver stage configured to cooperate with a pulse-width-modulation controller to pulse-width-modulate a current through the light-emitting diode.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for waking up a screen in the field of application of electronic technologies. The method may be implemented by a device including a screen and a frame at least partially surrounding the screen. In the method, the device activates at least one temperature transducer according to a predetermined sequence when the screen is in an off state, where the at least one temperature transducer is disposed at least partially in the frame. The device may obtain a temperature measurement through the activated temperature transducer. When any one of the temperature measurement is within a preset range of temperature, the device may trigger the screen to be switched from the off state to an on state.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present disclosure relate to display technology and provide a pixel driving circuit and an associated driving method, a display panel and a display apparatus, capable of avoiding influence of a drifting threshold voltage of a driving transistor on a driving current of an active light emitting device. The pixel driving circuit comprises a compensating unit, a data writing unit, a driving unit, a first energy storage unit, a second energy storage unit and a display unit. The embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable to display manufacture.

Abstract: A substrate, a display panel and a display apparatus are provided. The substrate is provided with a fan-out area. The fan-out area includes a middle region and side regions. The middle region has first metal wires arranged therein. The side regions have second metal wires arranged thereon. Lengths of the second metal wires in the side regions are greater than lengths of the first metal wires in the middle region, and impedances of the first metal wires in the middle region are higher than impedances of the second metal wires in the side regions.

Abstract: The invention provides an OLED pixel driving circuit and pixel driving method. The OLED pixel driving circuit adopts a 6T2C structure, comprising: first to sixth TFTs (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6), a first capacitor (C1), a second capacitor (c2), and an OLED (D); the (n?1)th first scan signal (Scan1(n?1)), n-th first scan signal (Scan1(n)), n-th second scan signal (Scan2(n)), n-th third scan signal (Scan3(n)), n-th fourth scan signal (Scan4(n)) and the data signal (Data) are combined w to correspond to a reset stage, a threshold voltage storage stage, a data writing stage, a capacitor cascading stage, and a display lighting stage respectively so that the current flowing through the OLED is independent of the threshold voltage of driving TFT.

Abstract: A pixel includes a voltage dividing unit, a LC capacitor, a control unit, a first capacitor, a writing-in unit, and an adjusting unit. First terminal of the voltage dividing unit receives a first power voltage. The control terminal of the voltage dividing unit receives a first control signal. The LC capacitor is electrically coupled to the second terminal of voltage dividing unit. The control terminal of the control unit receives a second control signal. The writing-in unit provides a first pixel data signal to the first capacitor based on a third control signal. The adjusting unit receives a second power voltage. The adjusting unit divides voltage difference between the first and second power voltages based on the first pixel data signal stored in the first capacitor so as to control voltage stored in the LC capacitor, such that the LC corresponding to LC capacitor can be controlled.

Abstract: Provided are an OLED display device drive system and an OLED display device drive method. The OLED display device drive system introduces the common voltage signal (Vcm) in the threshold voltage detection circuit (2) into the sub pixel driving circuit (1), and in the writing stage, by applying the common voltage signal (Vcm) to the organic light emitting diode (D1), the organic light emitting diode is in the negative voltage and reverse biased, and then in the light emitting stage, the common voltage signal (Vcm) is removed from the organic light emitting diode (D1), and then the trans-voltage of the organic light emitting diode (D1) changes from the negative voltage to the positive voltage and the light is normally emitted. Thus, the organic light emitting diode (D1) has been through the positive and negative alternating current drive, and can delay the aging of the OLED and extend the OLED lifetime.

Abstract: An estimator includes a model unit that calculates a state quantity by using an input signal and a relational expression that expresses a target model, a correction signal measurement sensor that measures a correction signal for correcting the state quantity, a correction unit that outputs a value for correcting the state quantity based on the correction signal to the model unit, and a model changing unit that changes the model unit in accordance with an oil flow related value that relates to a change of flow of cooling oil. The correction signal measurement sensor is arranged to be in contact with a metal member that includes a coil conductive wire that constitutes the stator coil, a terminal connected to the coil conductive wire, and a power line connected between the coil conductive wire and the terminal, at a point on which no cooling oil drops.

Abstract: A pixel circuit comprises a light emission element; a driving transistor including a first electrode connected to the first node, a second electrode connected to a second node, and a gate electrode connected to a third node; a first transistor including a first electrode receiving a third voltage, a second electrode connected to the first node, and a gate electrode receiving a second light emission control signal; a first transistor including a first electrode connected to a first line transferring a first power voltage, a second electrode connected to the second node, and a gate electrode receiving a first light emission control signal; a first storage capacitor connected between the third node and a fourth node; and a switching transistor including a first electrode connected to a data line, a second electrode connected to the fourth node, and a gate electrode receiving a scan signal.

Abstract: Disclosed are a source driver and a display device including the same. The source driver may include: an output buffer unit including a pair of output buffers controlled by a first power down signal and another pair of output buffers controlled by a second power down signal; and a charge sharing unit configured to control output buffers to share charge when the first or second power down signal is enabled, the output buffers being driven in the same driving range among the pair of output buffers and the other pair of output buffers.

Abstract: A sensing circuit for sensing a micro current and voltage of a device to be tested is disclosed. The sensing circuit includes a pixel circuit and a sensing circuit. The sensing circuit is connected to the pixel circuit via a sensing line. The sensing circuit includes an amplifier, a first capacitor, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, a correlated double sampling (CDS) circuit, and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC).

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode (OLED) display device, comprises: a power supply unit configured to supply a voltage to an OLED; and a control unit configured to control the power supply unit to supply a first minimum voltage for maintaining luminance corresponding to a brightness set value to the OLED.

Abstract: A touch display panel is provided. The touch display panel includes a first substrate, and a second substrate opposite to the first substrate. The first substrate includes a base substrate, and an anode, an organic light emitting layer and a cathode formed on the base substrate. The cathode includes a plurality of first sub-electrodes, each of the plurality of first sub-electrodes is used as a touch electrode and applied with a touch scanning signal during a touch scanning stage and is used as a common electrode and applied with a common electrode signal during a display stage. The first substrate further includes a driving electrode layer disposed between the anode and the base substrate, the driving electrode layer is applied with the touch scanning signal during the touch scanning stage.

Abstract: The pixel driving circuit and the driving method for driving pixels of an AMOLED display are provided. A 6T1C circuit is adopted by the pixel driving circuit and the pixel driving method proposed by the present disclosure so the threshold voltage of the driving tube is effectively compensated and that the current flowing through a light emitting device is not affected by the threshold voltage of the driving tube. The display brightness of the light emitting device is not affected by the ageing of the light emitting device itself, and the display of the panel becomes much more even; in other words, the display effect of the image improves. Besides, the structure of the light emitting device is simplified. In other words, the cost is obviously saved.

Abstract: A pixel compensation circuit and a display device are provided. The pixel compensation circuit includes a light emitting device, a driving module, a reset module, a reference voltage writing module, a data voltage writing module, a power voltage writing module, and a light emitting control module.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device may include a display driver module configured to, in response to receiving display data, divide the display data into a plurality of segments corresponding to a plurality of display regions, compare the display data in the plurality of segments to determine whether the display data in at least one segment is substantially same as the display data in another segment, and based on the comparison outcome, selectively amplify a first display signal generated from the display data in the at least one segment or a second display signal generated from the display data in the another segment.

Abstract: A device and method for preventing damage to products in a display case is disclosed. The display case includes a normally black transparent liquid crystal display (LCD) which is positioned between a front and rear glass of the door. A controller is electrically connected to the LCD which drives the LCD according to transparency data. The transparency data comprises various transparency levels for the LCD depending on the time of day.

Abstract: A display device may include rows of pixels that displays image data on a display. The display device also includes a circuit that performs a progressive scan across the rows of pixels to display the image data using a plurality of pixels. The circuit may then supply test data to at least one pixel of a plurality of pixels that corresponds to a first row of the rows of pixels during the progressive scan, determine one or more sensitivity properties associated with the at least one pixel based on the performance of the at least one pixel when the test data is provided to the at least one pixel, and resume the progressive scan at the at least one pixel to display the image data for the at least one pixel and a remaining portion of the plurality of pixels in the first row and remaining rows of pixels.