Abstract: In one embodiment of the present invention, a display device is disclosed which performs a divided-screen active driving, and which allows (i) its emitting region to be divided into smaller units, irrespective of the smallest module unit of a light source; and (ii) minimizing increase in costs for a driving system and manufacturing of an area light source, a display device of the present invention includes: a display panel having unit display pixels; an area light source arranged on a back surface of the display panel, the area light source having an emitting region which is divided into divided emitting regions; and a controlling section for controlling luminance of each of the divided emitting regions of the area light source, based on luminance information of video signals input, wherein the area light source includes: unit emitting pixels which controls light emission of the divided emitting regions through a matrix driving; the unit emitting pixels each having an electron emitting element for emitting an

Abstract: An organic light emitting device, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, includes a thin film transistor array panel including a pixel electrode, an organic light emitting member formed on the pixel electrode, a common electrode formed on the organic light emitting member, and a storage capacitor including a first conductive layer and a second conductive layer overlapping each other via the organic light emitting member. The first conductive layer may be formed with the same layer as the pixel electrode, and the second conductive layer may be formed with the same layer as the common electrode.

Abstract: For the purpose of providing a display apparatus capable of improving display quality by expanding the light-emission area of pixels by improving the layout of pixels and common power-feed lines formed on a substrate, pixels (7A, 7B) including a light-emission element (40), such as an electroluminescence element or an LED element, are arranged on both sides of common power-feed lines (com) so that the number of common power-feed lines (com) is reduced. Further, the polarity of a driving current flowing between the pixels (7A, 7B) and the light-emission element (40) is inverted so that the amount of current flowing through the common power-supply lines “com” is reduced.

Abstract: An active matrix substrate is provided which does not cause reductions in the brightness of electroluminescence elements, and which comprises appropriate peripheral circuitry occupying a small area. The active matrix substrate comprises peripheral circuits to supply current to EL elements provided for each pixel, and corresponding to EL elements, and further comprises a holding element (C) which holds a control voltage, a first active element (T1) connected to the holding element (C) and which supplies current to a light-emitting portion (OLED) based on a control voltage, and a second active element (T2) connected to the holding element (C) and which controls the charging and discharging of the holding element. In particular, the second active element (T2) is configured as a multiple-control-terminal type active element. As a result, there are no fluctuations in the programmed current.

Abstract: A display unit has an interlayer formed at least as one or more than one layers and arranged between a light-emitting layer and a diffractive element. The interlayer has a thickness not less than 500 nm and not more than 2,000 nm and an average refractive index greater than a refractive index of the light-emitting layer. The optical path length of the interlayer defined as a product of multiplication of its average refractive index by its thickness satisfies the requirement shown below: ( m + 0.1 ) 2 · 1 - ( n L n m ) 2 ? n m ? ? ( m + 0.6 ) · ? 0 2 · 1 - ( n L n m ) 2 where m is an integer not less than 0; ?0 is a wavelength in vacuum; nm is the average refractive index of the interlayer; d is the thickness of the interlayer; and nL is the refractive index of the light-emitting layer.

Abstract: The OLED display device includes a first stack and a second stack that are separated from each other between an anode electrode and a cathode electrode, with a charge generation layer sandwiched between the first stack and the second stack, each of the first stack and the second stack having an emission layer. The first stack includes a blue emission layer formed between the anode electrode and the CGL. The second stack includes a fluorescent green emission layer and a phosphorescent red emission layer formed between the cathode electrode and the CGL. The blue emission layer includes one of a fluorescent blue emission layer and a phosphorescent blue emission layer.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention provide an electro-optical device including first pixel portions each including an active element and second pixel portions each not including any active element, the first and second pixel portions being provided in an image display region of a substrate, a first driving device for driving the first pixel portions in an active driving method and a second driving device for driving the second pixel portions in a passive driving method. Accordingly, the invention can realize a display by using both an active driving method and a passive driving method with a simple structure.

Abstract: A driving method of a display device in which an image is displayed on a display panel having a display element arranged in a pixel matrix, includes comparing, among pixel data corresponding to a display content in each pixel, pixel data corresponding to an nth horizontal scan line of an Nth frame and pixel data corresponding to an nth horizontal scan line of an (N?1)th frame; and setting a brightness reduction ratio with respect to pixel data corresponding to the nth horizontal scan line of the Nth frame or a later horizontal scan line of the Nth frame based as a function of the comparison and all pixel data corresponding to the (N?1)th frame or all pixel data from the nth horizontal scan line of the (N?1)th frame to an (n?1)th horizontal scan line of the Nth frame and controlling power supplied.

Abstract: Among various embodiments of the present disclosure, displaying electrophoretic particles can be performed by configuring an electrophoretic display for directed spreading of electrophoretic particles across a number of substantially planar display electrodes. Such a configuration can be accomplished by controlling planar spreading of the electrophoretic particles in an electrophoretic pixel with an electrical field between an in-plane storage electrode and an in-plane activation electrode. The in-plane activation electrode can be connected to an in-plane display electrode, which extends across a first area in the electrophoretic pixel adjacent to a display aperture having a second area that is substantially coextensive with the first area.

Abstract: A method of measuring a panel current in an active matrix organic electroluminescence display panel, wherein when a current flowing through a display panel when one or a plurality of pixels are caused to emit light is measured, a flow-in current flowing into the display panel from a side of a high voltage and a flow-out current flowing out from the display panel toward a side of a low voltage are simultaneously measured, and a value of a panel current is determined using both obtained measurement results.

Abstract: A display device is disclosed. The display device includes: a pixel array unit and a driving unit which drives the pixel array unit. The pixel array unit includes rows of first scanning lines and second scanning lines, columns of signals, pixels in a matrix state arranged at portions where the scanning lines and the signal lines cross each other and power supply lines and ground lines supplying power to respective pixels. The driving unit includes a first scanner performing line-sequential scanning to pixels by each row by supplying a first control signal to each first scanning line sequentially, a second scanner supplying a second control signal to each second scanning line sequentially so as to correspond to the line-sequential scanning and a signal selector supplying a video signal to rows of signal lines so as to correspond to the line-sequential scanning.

Abstract: An RFID reader requires significant power supply current, upwards or beyond 0.5 amps. Much of this power is expended to activate the reader's radio frequency transmitter. For example, the reader's transmitter may constantly be active awaiting a RFID tag entering within its electromagnetic field. Sometimes an adequate power source, such as AC mains, is not available to provide continuous operation and instead a battery is powers the reader. This invention detects that a RFID tag is within reader range without using the reader's RF transmitter at full power. As a RFID tag is brought within range of a reader's antenna there is significant mutual inductance coupling between the tag antenna and the reader's antenna and this invention provides a sensitive detector of this mutual inductance. The detection of mutual inductance automatically triggers the reader's transmitter to a higher power which is necessary to fully activate the RFID tag.

Abstract: An organic electro luminescence display and driving method uses an image determination unit to generate image determination signals indicative of whether images generated in response to data signals are moving images still images, selects a gamma value corresponding to the brightness of the ambient light sensed, applies gamma correction signals corresponding to selected gamma values to control grey level voltages of the data signals, generates a selection signal based on a comparison of a previously set reference value with the photo sensor signal, and generates R?,G?,B? data to vary an input image RGB data to correspond to the selection signal, varies a change range of the changing R?,G?,B? data to correspond to the image determination signal, and supplies the varied change range of the changing data (R?,G?,B? data) to the data driver.

Abstract: A pixel circuit includes an organic EL element includes a storage capacitor charged with a data voltage; a first driving transistor responsive to charged voltage of the storage capacitor to supply drive current to the organic EL element; and a second driving transistor connected the storage capacitor and a predetermined power supply responsive to potential corresponding to a voltage drop in the organic EL element, and supplies charge current to the storage capacitor, circuitry for causing the second driving transistor to supply charge current to the storage capacitor from a time when the storage capacitor is charged with data voltage and the drive current from first driving transistor flows through the organic EL element. When drive current from the first driving transistor is stopped by changes in the charged voltage of storage capacitor, the drive current supplied to the organic EL element for a period corresponding to the data voltage.

Abstract: A display apparatus for displaying image information according to display data, including: display pixels, each having a light emitting element; and a drive circuit for making each of the light emitting elements emit a light having brightness according to the display data, wherein the drive circuit includes: a plurality of power source circuits each generating a first voltage used as a light emission drive voltage to be supplied to the display pixels to flow a drive current according to the display data to each of the light emitting elements, wherein the power source circuits generates voltages of different values, respectively, as the first voltage; and a selecting circuit for switching the plurality of power source circuits so that any one of the power source circuits is selected according to a display state set to the display pixels and for causing the selected power source circuit to generate the first voltage.

Abstract: An LCD display design system and method are disclosed. The method includes performing operations by a variety of operation modules after initial parameters are input and an operation type is selected, so as to generate operation results and transfer the operation results to an integration module; integrating the operation results by an integration module to generate a correspondence relation such as an operation window, a compare-table or an equation, and further transferring the operation results and the correspondence relation to an output module such that the output module can display performance variations of a variety of designs corresponding to the different initial parameters. Therefore, the present invention provides a user with a convenient way to obtain optimal design parameters for designing a display pixel circuit.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent display and a demultiplexer, wherein the organic electroluminescent display comprises: a plurality of pixels including a plurality of sub-pixels and displaying images corresponding to a first data current; a plurality of scan lines transmitting a scan signal to the plurality of pixels; a plurality of first data lines transmitting the first data current to the plurality of pixels; a scan driver outputting the scan signal to the plurality of scan lines; a demultiplexer comprising a plurality of sample-and-hold demultiplexing circuits; and a data driver outputting a second data current to a plurality of second data lines, wherein the demultiplexing circuit transmits the first data current, obtained by demultiplexing the second data current in sample/hold method, to the first data lines, wherein a pre-charge voltage corresponding to the second data current is previously transmitted to the first data lines before the first data current is transmitted to the first data lines.

Abstract: An image display device incorporates a group of pixels of two or more types, each pixel including a light source whose primary wavelength is specific to the type of pixel; a generating device for generating analog pixel signals to be input to the group of pixels from input digital pixel data, wherein the generating device has a converter to convert input digital pixel data into different output digital pixel data appropriate for each type of pixel where the output digital pixel data contains more bits than the input digital pixel data; and an input device for inputting the analog pixel signals to the group of pixels, each pixel including a light emission driver for driving the light source according to the analog pixel signal. An organic EL display device having individual R, G, and B light emission elements enables displaying in desired colors and controllable tones with reduced packaging area for the components of the organic EL display.

Abstract: A drive circuit that compensates for the dispersion of the characteristics of drive transistors is disclosed. A switch SW2 is turned off, and switches SW1 and SW3 are turned on. Thereby, a constant current from a constant current source CC1 is flown in a drive transistor T1. Consequently, a gate voltage corresponding to the constant current Is written in the gate of the drive transistor T1. Then, the switches SW1 and SW3 are turned off, and the switch SW2 is turned on. Simultaneously, the voltage of a capacitor C1 on the side of the switch SW4 is varied according to a signal voltage, and thereby the voltage is added to the gate of the drive transistor T1 to flow a current corresponding to the signal voltage in the drive transistor T1.

Abstract: An image display unit and a method of detecting an object which are capable of reliably detecting an object with a simple structure irrespective of use conditions are provided. Invisible light is emitted from a screen of a display portion. The invisible light reflected from a target object which comes in contact with or close to the screen is received on the screen. On the basis of the received invisible light, the target object is detected. Thus, the target object can be reliably detected without influence of the display state of the display portion, and influence of use conditions such as surrounding circumstances (the case where it is bright or dark). Moreover, for example, it is not necessary to separately arrange a component such as a touch panel, so the image display unit can be achieved with a simple structure.

Abstract: A display device includes a plurality of data lines, a transmission gate element connected to the data lines, wherein the transmission gate supplies precharge voltages and data voltages to the data lines in response to transmission gate signals, and a plurality of pixels connected to the data lines.

Abstract: A voltage-current converting converts a voltage signal into a current signal. In an example operation, a source of a transistor is connected to a first power source, the source is connected to an input terminal via a coupling capacitor, and a gate and a drain of the transistor are connected to a second power source so that current flows between the source and the drain while a constant voltage is applied to the input terminal. To output the current signal, the drain is disconnected from the second power source, the voltage signal is supplied from the input terminal to the holding capacitor via the coupling capacitor, the coupling capacitor is disconnected from the input terminal, the gate is disconnected from the second power source, the drain is connected to the second power source, and the source is connected to an output terminal.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an organic light emitting diode display includes disposing a crystalline semiconductor layer on a substrate, disposing a gate line, a driving input electrode, and a driving output electrode on the crystalline semiconductor layer, the gate line including a switching control electrode, patterning the crystalline semiconductor layer using the gate line, the driving input electrode, and the driving output electrode as a mask, disposing a gate insulating layer and an amorphous semiconductor layer on the gate line, the driving input electrode, and the driving output electrode, disposing a data line, a driving voltage line, a switching output electrode, and a driving control electrode on the amorphous semiconductor, the data line including a switching input electrode, disposing a pixel electrode connected to the driving output electrode, disposing a light emitting member on the pixel electrode, and disposing a common electrode on the light emitting member.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a projection system includes a color wheel operable to filter light into a passed component and a reflected component. The projection system also includes a digital micromirror device comprising a plurality of micromirrors each operable to receive the passed component and the reflected component. Each micromirror is selectively positionable to direct, at approximately the same time, the passed component and the reflected component to desired locations. The projection system also includes an optical system operable to direct the passed component and the reflected component from the color wheel to the digital micromirror device at approximately the same time.

Abstract: A display panel including a plurality of pixels. Each pixel includes: a light emitting element; a pixel circuit having a driving transistor connected to the light emitting element in series; a data line to which a data current is supplied through the pixel circuit; a scanning line for selecting the pixel circuit; a first insulation film to cover the data line; and a second insulation film made of a material different from the first insulation film, to cover the data line and the first insulation film, wherein the following expression is satisfied. C total 20 ? ? 0 ? ? a ? ? b ? a ? D b + ? b ? D a ? C total 5 Ctotal: parasitic capacitance of whole path to data line through pixel circuit; ?0: vacuum dielectric constant; ?a: relative dielectric constant of first insulation film; Da: first insulation film thickness; ?b: relative dielectric constant of second insulation film; Db: second insulation film thickness.

Abstract: A light emitting display device having features of enhanced aperture ratio, yield, and volumetric efficiency of panel space that may be enhanced. The light emitting display device includes—a first driver and a second driver. The first driver sequentially generates selection signals to be applied to selection signal lines of a first group of pixels in each of first and second fields, and sequentially generates first and second light emission control signals to be applied to the first group of pixels in the first and second fields, respectively. The second driver sequentially generates selection signals to be applied to selection signal lines of a second group of pixels in each of the first and second fields, and sequentially generates first and second light emission control signals to be applied to the second group of pixels in the first and second fields, respectively.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent display device connected by a blocking diode in series to an organic light-emitting diode (OLED). Each pixel or subpixel of the electroluminescent display device comprises an OLED, a blocking diode to prevent the OLED from being reversed biased, a rectification diode to isolate the column electrode from unselected rows and a capacitor as a memory device. The charge stored in each memory capacitor may be increased by the blocking diode in series with each OLED. A frame period of the display device is divided into sub-frames that have address and light emission periods. Current mode data programming is used to address the device in each sub-frame. A ramp waveform is applied to the row electrode during the light emission period, to cause the capacitor to discharge through the OLED and control the forward current level.

Abstract: An apparatus for testing an organic electroluminescent display panel having a plurality of data and scan lines comprises a detecting control circuit, a gate de-multiplexer and a source de-multiplexer. The detecting control circuit generates a gate test signal and a source test signal respectively to the gate de-multiplexer and the source de-multiplexer according to the position coordinate of a testing pixel in the organic electroluminescent display panel. The gate de-multiplexer and the source de-multiplexer send a gate testing voltage and a source testing voltage to one of the scan lines and one of the data lines respectively according to the gate and source test signals. In addition, the detecting control circuit further records an output voltage of the testing pixel.

Abstract: Disclosed is an organic light emitting display, which includes a large quantity of a hydroscopic layer having a good hydroscopic ability by changing a mounting structure of the hydroscopic layer. An organic light emitting display includes a first substrate. An organic emission portion is formed at one surface of the first substrate. A second substrate is formed at a surface of the first substrate on which the organic emission portion is formed for sealing the organic emission portion from external air. A first hydroscopic layer is formed between the first and second substrates. A third substrate is formed at another surface of the first substrate for sealing the first substrate. A second hydroscopic layer is formed between the first and third substrates.

Abstract: A display apparatus, comprising a pixel array section and a drive section that drives the pixel array section, wherein the pixel array section includes first scanning lines and second scanning lines arranged in rows, signals lines arranged in columns, matrix pixels that are provided where the first scanning lines, the second scanning lines, and the signal lines cross, and a power line that supplies power to each of the pixels, and an earth line. The drive section includes a first scanner that sequentially line scans the pixels in rows by sequentially supplying a first control signal to each of the first scanning lines, a second scanner that sequentially supplies a second control signal to each of the second scanning lines in conjunction with the sequential line scanning, and a signal selector that supplies video signals to the columns of signal lines in conjunction with the sequential line scanning.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for simulating an operating television for the purpose of deterring potential intruders by providing the appearance that one or more occupants are at home. Realistic simulation of a television is accomplished via perceived random combinations, amplitudes, colors, and durations of television program scene modes, these scene modes comprised of fades, swells, flicks, and static periods. Efficient, reliable, and inexpensive super-bright LEDs serve as light sources.

Abstract: A display device includes a pixel array unit having a matrix of pixels each configured such that an anode electrode of an organic electroluminescent element is connected to a source electrode of a drive transistor, a gate electrode of the drive transistor is connected to a source or drain electrode of a writing transistor, and a storage capacitor is connected between the gate and source electrodes of the drive transistor, scanning lines and power supply lines for individual pixel rows, and signal lines for individual pixel columns. A video signal reference potential is supplied to the signal lines for a period during which a scanning signal is supplied to the scanning lines during driving of pixels in a preceding row. During threshold correction for the drive transistor in a current pixel, the video signal reference potential and a potential of the cathode electrode of the organic electroluminescent element are equal.

Abstract: In the electro-optical device for carrying out an image display by using n-bit (n is a natural number) digital image signals, one pixel incorporates n×m (m is a natural number) memory circuits, and has a function to store the digital image signals for m frames in the pixel (in examples shown in the drawings, n=3, m=2, and memory circuits A1 to A3 and B1 to B3 store signals for 3 bits×2 frames). Thus, in the display of a still picture, the digital image signals once stored in the memory circuits are repeatedly read out and a display is carried out for each frame, so that driving of a source signal line driver circuit is stopped during the display. Thus, the electric power consumption of the electro-optical device is reduced.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for simulating an operating television for the purpose of deterring potential intruders by providing the appearance that one or more occupants are at home. Realistic simulation of a television is accomplished via perceived random combinations, amplitudes, colors, and durations of television program scene modes, these scene modes comprised of fades, swells, flicks, static periods, and low frequency noise. Color shifts, both subtle and dramatic, effectively emulate true television output. Efficient, reliable, and inexpensive super-bright LEDs serve as light sources.

Abstract: An active matrix organic LED display having a matrix of multiple light emitting pixels and electronic drive circuitry for selectively addressing the pixels, each pixel containing an organic LED. The electronic drive circuitry includes row scan electrodes and column data electrodes that interconnect the matrix of pixels. The circuitry also includes a MEMS switching device and a memory capacitor for each pixel, the MEMS switching device connecting the memory capacitor to a column data electrode during addressing of a pixel and connecting the memory capacitor to the organic LED of each pixel during light emission.

Abstract: The life of an image display apparatus is lengthened while suppressing luminance unevenness and cross-talk on the screen. To achieve the object, an image display apparatus includes a light-emitting device of which emission luminance varies with the amount of current, a first transistorin which the amount of current between a first electrode electrically connected to the light-emitting device and a second electrode is adjusted by the potential applied to a third electrode, so as to control the amount of current in the light-emitting device, a second transistor in which the amount of current between a fourth electrode electrically connected to the first electrode and a fifth electrode electrically connected to the third electrode is adjusted by the potential applied to a sixth electrode, and a capacitor having a seventh electrode electrically connected to the third electrode and an eighth electrode.

Abstract: An LED light source for LCD backlighting is described that recalibrates itself over time so that color and brightness uniformity across the backlight is maintained over the life of the backlight. The backlight contains clusters of red, green, and blue LEDs, each cluster generating a white point. In one embodiment, each color in a cluster has its own controllable driver so that the brightness of each color is a cluster is separately controllable. One or more optical sensors are arranged in the backlight, and the sensor signals are detected by processing circuitry to sense the light output of any LEDs that are energized in a single cluster. The measured white point and flux are compared to a stored target white point value and flux for that cluster. The currents to the RGB LEDs are then automatically adjusted to achieve the target level for each cluster. This process is applied to each cluster in sequence until the recalibration is complete.

Abstract: A display apparatus capable of preventing thermal deterioration of an organic EL layer to improve a reliability without increasing a frame area thereof includes a display area, a circuit and wiring area, a pixel circuit common supply line, a contact hole, an external connection terminal, and an adhesion area. In the display area, EL devices and pixel circuits are arranged in a matrix. In the contact hole, a common voltage line and a transparent electrode electrically connected to an output of the EL device are electrically connected to each other. To the external connection terminal, an image signal, a control signal, and electric power are externally supplied. The contact hole and the common voltage line are disposed to surround a peripheral of the display area. To the pixel circuit common supply line, the electric power is supplied from the external connection terminal.

Abstract: A disclosed thin light-emitting interface displays may be mounted to a surface on the gaming machine. The light-emitting elements used in the interface displays may be provided from electro-luminescent elements, organic light emitting diode (OLED) elements and combinations thereof. The thin light-emitting interface displays may be used to input and output gaming information on the gaming machine. The gaming information that is input and output via the interface display may be used to provide: 1) a game of chance played on the gaming machine, 2) player tracking services, 3) game services available on the gaming machine and 4) attract features. In one embodiment, a game input interface display is provided with a plurality of input buttons where a number and a format of the input buttons are dynamically configurable for different types of games of chance played on the gaming machine.

Abstract: A programmable power supply provides multiple output channels that may be independently driven to vary the frequency and duty cycle of each channel. The power supply includes the capability of receiving a program via a program interface on the power supply. The power supply also includes the capability of reading a program from a device that is plugged into the power supply's output connector. In this manner, a device to be powered (such as an EL panel sign with multiple segments) may contain a program that specifies how the segments are to be driven. This allows the power supply to dynamically reconfigure itself for many different signs by simply plugging a different sign into its output connector. The preferred embodiments also provide an improved connector system for EL panel signs, and includes output compensation to automatically compensate for degradation in an EL panel over time.

Abstract: An electro-optical device with a pixel portion of enhanced definition is provided, which uses pixels having a novel structure so that the number of stages of a source signal line side driver circuit is reduced to half the number of pixels in the horizontal direction, thereby making a space for placing the driver circuit and increasing the aperture ratio. One horizontal period is divided into the former half and the latter half. Signals for two adjacent pixels are successively inputted to one source signal line. A pixel selecting portion is provided between the two adjacent pixels. The signal selecting portion selects one of the pixels in the former half of one horizontal period so that a signal is written in the pixel whereas it selects the other pixel during the latter half of the horizontal period so that a signal is written in the pixel. Since one source signal line is shared between two adjacent pixels, the invention is advantageous also in terms of aperture ratio.

Abstract: To provide a method of manufacturing a display device having an excellent impact resistance property with high yield, in particular, a method of manufacturing a display device having an optical film that is formed using a plastic substrate. The method of manufacturing a display device includes the steps of: laminating a metal film, an oxide film, and an optical filter on a first substrate; separating the optical filter from the first substrate; attaching the optical filter to a second substrate; forming a layer including a pixel on a third substrate; and attaching the layer including the pixel to the optical filter.

Abstract: A method for virtual endoscopy in a lumen includes acquiring from a patient an imaging dataset exhibiting a lesion external to a lumen wall; deriving a three-dimensional (3-D) volume of the lesion; obtaining data on maximum bend characteristics for a given endoscope; and deriving projection criteria, based on the 3-D volume and the maximum bend, for projecting an endoluminal image of said lesion, indicating an optimal biopsy insertion point.

Abstract: We describe a display device for displaying an electronic document page comprising a central rewritable portion, a non-rewritable border with external lateral physical dimensions defined by the display edges, wherein said border is coloured to substantially match a background colour of said central rewritable portion such that when a foreground part of said document page is displayed on said central rewritable portion the appearance of margins of said document page is provided by said background coloured border whereby in use said displayed electronic document page appears to extend up to said display edges, and wherein the surface of the display is substantially flat over the lateral physical dimensions from the central rewritable portion across the border to the display edges.

Abstract: An organic EL display including a plurality of digital data lines; a plurality of analog data lines; a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix, each pixel having a digital sub-pixel connected to one of the plurality of digital data lines and an analog sub-pixel connected to one of the plurality of analog data lines; and a plurality of hybrid data drivers, each connected to the respective digital data line and the respective analog data line, for receiving input data, dividing the input data into digital data and analog data, and supplying digital data to the respective digital data line and analog data to the respective analog data line

Abstract: A semiconductor device is capable of suppressing variations of a current or a voltage to be supplied to an external circuit. The semiconductor device has a plurality of unit areas arrayed in one direction, and components in the unit areas are arranged in the same shape and the same layout in the unit areas. A holding capacitor for holding a voltage is surrounded by an interconnect kept at ground potential. Interconnects at ground potential are inserted in areas where reference current interconnects for supplying reference currents to functional blocks (1-bit DCC circuit regions) and gradation digital data interconnects and storage timing signal interconnects cross each other vertically, the interconnects being disposed between these reference current interconnects, gradation digital data interconnects and storage timing signal interconnects.

Abstract: An amplifier circuit for generating a predetermined constant voltage required for resetting organic EL elements or capacitors is provided and an operating current switching circuit switches the operating current of the amplifier circuit to an idling current in a display period and to a steady operation current required to performing a reset operation in a reset period, so that a shifting time of the amplifier circuit from the idling state to the steady operation state can be shortened and a constant control voltage for resetting the organic EL elements or the capacitors can be generated in an initial portion of the reset period.

Abstract: The use of a resistive or capacitive voltage-current-converter (35) in an (active addressed matrix) luminescent display pixel circuit allows fast programming and highly accurate pixel current definition for improved display uniformity.

Abstract: Element forming regions of the same color are disposed diagonally and a pixel portion has a structure that a region for forming an element are shared by a plurality of pixels. A specific pixel structure of the invention is that element forming regions of a first color, a second color, and a third color are each disposed diagonally and three or more element forming regions are shared by each pixel.

Abstract: A display panel includes a transistor array substrate which has a plurality of transistors including at least a driving transistor, and a plurality of pixel electrodes electrically connected to the driving transistor of the plurality of transistors. A plurality of light-emitting layers are provided on the pixel electrodes. A counter electrode is provided on the light-emitting layers. Each of a plurality of interconnections is arranged between the pixel electrodes adjacent to each other and electrically connected to the counter electrode.