Abstract: There is disclosed an electrooptical device capable of achieving a large area display by making full use of the size of the substrate. An active matrix substrate acts as a driver portion for the reflection-type electrooptical device. A pixel matrix circuit and logic circuitry are formed on the active matrix substrate. At this time, the logic circuitry is disposed, by making use of a dead space in the pixel matrix circuit. The area occupied by the pixel matrix circuit, or image display region, can be enlarged without being limited by the area occupied by the logic circuitry.

Abstract: Each pixel in a display device includes an emissive element, a driver transistor, a control transistor, and a control capacitor. The driver transistor is provided between the emissive element and a power supply and controls supply of power from the power supply to the emissive element. The control transistor is connected between a constant voltage power supply and a gate of the driver transistor, receives a digital data signal on a gate, and controls whether or not to fix a gate voltage of the driver transistor. The control capacitor is connected between a control line and the gate of the driver transistor. The gate voltage of the driver transistor is shifted to a voltage corresponding to a control pulse signal when the control transistor is off and is non-fixed during a light emission period defined by the control pulse signal applied to the control line.

Abstract: Electroactive polymeric arylenes and intermediates useful for making such polymers are disclosed. The present invention also provides electroactive compositions comprising the electroactive polymeric arylenes, organic electronic devices which comprise these polymers and compositions, and methods of fabricating these devices.

Abstract: A driving method for an organic electroluminescence light emitting section of an organic EL display apparatus which includes a scanning circuit, an image signal outputting circuit, totaling N×M organic electroluminescence elements, M scanning lines, N data lines, and a current supplying section. The driving method, includes the steps of: carrying out a preprocess; carrying out a threshold voltage cancellation process; carrying out a wiring process; and supplying current to the organic electroluminescence light emitting section to drive the organic electroluminescence light emitting section.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an organic electroluminescent device and a driving method thereof. The organic electroluminescent device according to the present invention comprises a plurality of scan lines in a first direction, a plurality of data lines in a second direction different from the first direction, a panel having a plurality of pixels formed on crossing areas of data lines and scan lines, and a data driving circuit which drives the pixels according to a display data and a brightness control data inputted from external apparatuses. The data driving circuit comprises a display data recognizing circuit which receives display data from a first external apparatus in the external apparatuses and a current generating circuit which receives brightness control data from a second external apparatus in the external apparatuses, and applies a data current according to the display data recognized in the display data recognizing circuit and the brightness control data to the data lines.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display having red, green, blue, cyan, magenta, and yellow color modulation layers. The organic light emitting display includes a substrate, a first electrode arranged on the substrate, a second electrode arranged on the first electrode, an organic functional layer arranged between the first electrode and the second electrode, the organic functional layer comprises at least an emission layer, and red, green, blue, cyan, magenta, and yellow color modulation layers separated from each other, wherein one of the first electrode and the second electrode is transparent and is arranged between each color modulation layer and the emission layer. Accordingly, it is possible to maintain white balance even for an aged display while having enhanced color reproducibility.

Abstract: A display apparatus is provided with a current driving type light-emitting device and a driving device for controlling a driving current flowing through the light-emitting device for each pixel of the display apparatus. The display apparatus consists of power source units for supplying power for causing a driving current to flow via the driving device to the light-emitting device via a power source wire, and signal wire driving units for supplying a data signal to the driving device via signal wires. In addition, voltage adjusting units adjust a voltage for the power source units or a data signal from the signal wire driving units so that a quantity of a driving current flowing through the light-emitting device when a data signal of a predetermined voltage is supplied to the driving device via signal wires or a quantity of emitted light emitted from the light-emitting device comes close to a predetermined reference value.

Abstract: In an image display device according to the present invention, means for selecting a pixel to which a display signal current is to be passed has a function of selecting a plurality of pixels simultaneously. Thus, high-precision display can be realized with a number of pixels.

Abstract: An LED backlight structure for setting voltages and currents for LEDs. Red LEDs are connected in series between a first voltage regulator and a first controllable current source, green LEDs are connected in series between a second voltage regulator and a second controllable current source, blue LEDs are connected in series between a third voltage regulator and a third controllable current source. The current sources may be linear current regulators controlled to balance the three colors to achieve a target light output of the board using a light detection chamber. PWM controllers control transistor switches connected in parallel across groups of LEDs, where the duty cycles set the average current through each group of LEDs. The control values used to achieve target light characteristics are stored in memory. The PWM controller may control brightness levels of the LEDs. The backlight may be for an LCD television.

Abstract: A method of compensating an electroluminescent display device having light-emitting elements that change with use, comprising the steps of: a) using the device to display images; b) sequentially displaying an ordered series of calibration images, wherein each of the calibration images have one or more corresponding flat fields, at least one of the corresponding flat fields of each calibration image of the ordered series has a different luminance value, and the calibration images are arranged in the ordered series so as to reduce perceived luminance discontinuities; c) measuring and recording current used by the display for each sequentially displayed calibration image; d) calculating compensation parameters based on the measured currents; e) compensating an input image using the compensation parameters; and f) displaying the compensated input image.

Abstract: Methods and displays utilize row and column drivers with ZnO channels that control pixel transistors with ZnO channels, which in turn address OLEDs of an array to produce images of a display screen. A display backplane including the ZnO row and column drivers and the OLEDs may be constructed by utilizing aperture masking or a combination of photolithography and aperture masking. Monolithic integration of the ZnO row and column drivers together with the ZnO pixel transistors is thereby achieved.

Abstract: A method of and system for displaying high-density bit-mapped dot-matrix imaging data on a large-scale low-density dot-matrix display is disclosed. Bit-mapped image data from each of multiple and adjacently oriented dot image data groups is allocated to drive one dot of the aforesaid display. This is done through a process in which a data selection sequence standard is employed to alternately select and extract image data from each of the aforesaid dot image data groups continually and repetitively at high speed, and in which the extracted image data from each dot image group is applied to drive one dot on the display.

Abstract: An organic EL display device and a method of producing the same wherein superior connection reliability can be obtained between a thin film transistor and a lower electrode of an organic EL element even if a color-converting medium is provided adjacent light-emitting face of the organic EL element. For this purpose, in an active-driving type organic EL display device comprising an organic EL element made so as to have an organic luminous medium sandwiched between an upper electrode and a lower electrode, and a thin film transistor for controlling luminescence of the organic EL element, the luminescence of the organic EL element is taken out from the lower electrode, a color-converting medium is provided adjacent the lower electrode, and an inclined electrically connecting member is set between the lower electrode and the thin film transistor.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to suppress power consumption of an EL display. In accordance with the brightness of an image to be displayed in a pixel portion, the contrast of the image is determined whether to be inverted or not, and the number of bits of the digital video signal to be input into the pixel portion is reduced, and the magnitude of a current to flow through the EL element is allowed to be maintained at a constant level even when a temperature of an EL layer changes by providing the EL display with another EL element to be used for monitoring a temperature.

Abstract: A conformable vehicle display includes a flexible display screen coupled to a substrate. The substrate is a curved transparent substrate that is adapted to be coupled to a vehicle component having a curved exterior surface. The flexible display screen is at least partially separate from the exterior surface of the vehicle component and has a luminescent display. The exterior surface of the vehicle component is visible through the flexible display screen and the substrate when the flexible display screen is not activated. The flexible display screen may be a transparent organic light emitting diode display device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an organic electroluminescent display and a driving method thereof, which divides one frame into a plurality of subframes. Since the present invention divides one frame into several subframes, and drives an organic EL device with the subframes assigned to the upper bits and with the corrected gray data for representing the detailed grays between the basic grays during the subframes assigned to the lower bits, it is possible to represent sufficient number of grays regardless of the unstable luminescence characteristics of an organic EL device.

Abstract: A display panel driver has a single resistor string for gamma correction and a signal power supply, which have heretofore been required for each of red, green, and blue, and is small in size and has its power consumption reduced. Voltage generator including a single resistor string having n reference voltage terminals generates n reference voltages. Voltage selector selects and outputs m red gradation voltages Vr(0) through Vr(15), m green gradation voltages Vg(0) through Vg(15), and m blue gradation voltages Vb(0) through Vb(15) from the n reference voltages. The display panel driver provides all of a gamma correction curve for red, gamma correction curve for green, and a gamma correction curve for blue with a single resistor string and a pair of power supplies including a ground potential.

Abstract: In the electro-optical device for carrying out an image display by using n-bit (n is a natural number) digital image signals, one pixel incorporates n×m (m is a natural number) memory circuits, and has a function to store the digital image signals for m frames in the pixel (in examples shown in the drawings, n=3, m=2, and memory circuits A1 to A3 and B1 to B3 store signals for 3 bits×2 frames). Thus, in the display of a still picture, the digital image signals once stored in the memory circuits are repeatedly read out and a display is carried out for each frame, so that driving of a source signal line driver circuit is stopped during the display. Thus, the electric power consumption of the electro-optical device is reduced.

Abstract: There is provided an active matrix EL display device that can display a clear multi gray-scale color display to reduce the shift in the potential caused by the potential drop due to the wiring resistance of a power source supply line, in order to decrease the unevenness in a display region. A plurality of drawing out ports of the power source supply line are arranged. Further, in the wiring resistance between the external input terminal and the pixel portion power source supply line, potential compensation is performed by supplying potential to the power source supply line by a feedback amplifier. Further, in addition to above structure, the power source supply line may be arranged in a matrix.

Abstract: An organic EL element drive circuit comprises a plurality of peak current generator circuits provided correspondingly to terminal pins of an organic EL display panel, for adding peak currents corresponding to pulse widths of predetermined pulse signals and a pulse generator circuit for generating the predetermined pulse signal including a first, second and third pulses having pulse widths thereof determined according to data, which are set externally of the pulse generator circuit. The pulse generator circuit sends the first pulse to the terminal pins of the peak current generator circuits provided for R display color as the predetermined pulse, the second pulse to the peak current generator circuits provided for G display color as the predetermined pulse and the third pulse to the peak current generator circuits provided for B display color as the predetermined pulse.

Abstract: An active matrix type electroluminescence display device is provided which comprises a plurality of display pixels GS11, GS12, GS13, arranged in a matrix of rows and columns; gate signal lines GL1, GL2, Gli connected to and shared by a plurality of display pixels arranged in each row; and gate drive circuits for sequentially supplying a select signal SCAN to the gate signal lines GL1, GL2, GL3, Gli. Each display pixel includes an electroluminescence element, a first thin film transistor in which a display signal DATA is applied to the drain and which is switched on and off in response to the select signal SCAN, and a second thin film transistor for driving the EL element based on the display signal DATA. The gate drive circuits are placed so that each of the gate signal lines GL1, GL2, GL3, Gli is driven from both ends.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for driving an electro-luminescence panel wherein pixels in a current driving type electrode-luminescence panel are pre-charged to change a storage voltage of the pixel into the corresponding voltage within a limited scanning time. In the apparatus, a plurality of electro-luminescence cells are arranged at crossings between gate lines and data lines. A gate driver is connected to the gate lines to sequentially drive the gate lines. A data driver is connected to the data lines to apply pixel signals, via the data lines, to the electro-luminescence cells. A pre-charger is provided within the data driver to pre-charge a current into the data lines before the pixel signals are applied via the data lines.

Abstract: Electroactive polymeric arylenes and intermediates useful for making such polymers are disclosed. The present invention also provides electroactive compositions comprising the electroactive polymeric arylenes, organic electronic devices which comprise these polymers and compositions, and methods of fabricating these devices.

Abstract: A thin film transistor (TFT) array comprises: a drive TFT for driving an organic light emitting diode (OLED), which is an electroluminescence (EL) device; first common wiring disposed for performing a current source or a current sink for the OLED; second common wiring disposed for performing a current source or a current sink for the OLED, the second common wiring being connected alternately with the first common wiring for each horizontal line and each vertical column of a pixel; and a switching TFT, which is a connection switch for connecting either one of the first common wiring and the second common wiring to a pixel electrode.

Abstract: A porous optical switching film is situated between at least two plates that have an electrical bias between them.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence (EL) display device assembly includes a substrate, an organic EL portion, an optical loss prevention layer, and a fine space layer. The organic EL portion has a first electrode layer, an organic luminescent layer, and a second electrode layer which are each patterned and stacked on the upper surface of the substrate. The optical loss prevention layer is used to increase light bleeding efficiency. The fine space layer is formed between the optical loss prevention layer and a layer facing the optical loss prevention layer and is filled with a gas or evacuated.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus which directs light from a light source to an illuminated area. The illumination apparatus comprises a plurality of light emitters as the light source, a lighting unit configured to cause the light emitters to emit light so that the intensities of light emitted by the light emitters can be adjusted, an optical system configured to direct light emitted by the light emitters to the illuminated area, a storing unit configured to store an adjusting amount of the emitted light for changing the intensities of light emitted together with time, and a lighting control unit configured to control the lighting unit based on the adjusting amount of the emitted light stored in the storing unit so that the respective light emitters carry out pulsed emission at different timings. The adjusting amount of the emitted light stored in the storing unit is an adjusting amount so as to change the intensities of light in a pulsed emission period of the respective light emitters.

Abstract: An EL display device capable of clear, multi-gradation color display, and an electronic device having the EL display device, are provided. Gradation display is performed in accordance with a time division driver method which controls by the amount of time an EL element formed in a pixel emits light, and the amount of time it does not emit light. Influence due to dispersion in the characteristics of electric current TFTs is prevented.

Abstract: A visible indicator for an instrument cluster is backlit with an electroluminescent (EL) film. A mounting plate is located a first distance from a light source and includes a first aperture. A translucent lens is located adjacent to the mounting plate. An EL film is located adjacent to the translucent lens and includes a second aperture having a laser-cut first shape. A lens is located a second distance from the EL film and includes a sandblasted inner surface facing the EL film.

Abstract: An active matrix type electroluminescence display device comprises a plurality of display pixels GS11, GS12, GS13, etc. arranged in a matrix of rows and columns, each display pixel including an EL element, a first thin film transistor in which a display signal is applied to the drain and which is switched on and off in response to a select signal, a capacitance with one end connected to the source of the first thin film transistor for maintaining a voltage corresponding to the display signal, and a second thin film transistor for driving the EL element based on the display signal. The other ends of the capacitance of row display pixels are connected to and shared by a plurality of first capacitance lines HLA1, HLA2, HLA3, HLAi. Both ends of the plurality of first capacitance lines HLA1, HLA2, HLA3 are connected to and shared by second capacitance lines HLB1 and HLB2. A constant voltage is supplied to the second capacitance line.

Abstract: An organic EL display device and a method of producing the same wherein superior connection reliability can be obtained between a thin film transistor and a lower electrode of an organic EL element even if a color-converting medium is provided adjacent light-emitting face of the organic EL element. For this purpose, in an active-driving type organic EL display device comprising an organic EL element made so as to have an organic luminous medium sandwiched between an upper electrode and a lower electrode, and a thin film transistor for controlling luminescence of the organic EL element, the luminescence of the organic EL element is taken out from the lower electrode, a color-converting medium is provided adjacent the lower electrode, and an inclined electrically connecting member is set between the lower electrode and the thin film transistor.

Abstract: The invention provides an electro-optical device, a method of manufacturing an electro-optical device, an apparatus for manufacturing an electro-optical device, and an electronic apparatus, in which, in the electro-optical device, a gap formed between two substrates functioning as constituent elements thereof or the thickness of an adhesive layer, which adheres the two substrates to each other, can be precisely controlled. The electro-optical device has at least a substrate and a sealing substrate which is adhered to the substrate and which is composed of a transparent plate member, in which the substrate and the sealing substrate are adhered to each other with an adhesive layer provided therebetween so as to form a gap therebetween; measurement surfaces, used to measure the thickness of the adhesive layer, are provided in the gap; and on the measurement surfaces, an adhesive is not provided.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus comprise a light control member configured to perform changing the path of light from light emitters to be directed to an illuminated area and/or moving of the light emitters, a movement unit configured to allow the light control member to operate, and a light selector control unit configured to control the movement unit and/or a lighting unit, which is configured to cause the light emitters to emit light so that the intensities of light emitted by them can be adjusted, so as to select light to be directed to the illuminated area from light of the emitters. The light selector control unit controls the lighting unit to cause an emitter to emit light when it is positioned in the vicinity of a light concentration area of an optical system by the operation of the light control member.

Abstract: Data drive circuit for a current writing type AMOEL display panel including a plurality of current output channels, and a plurality of channel current generating circuits on respective current output channels for minimizing a difference of current levels occurred between the current output channels, each inclusive of one pair of transistors, a current generating part for generating a current of a small deviation proportional to square of a difference of threshold voltages of the one pair of the transistors, and a current mirror part for mirroring the current, and forwarding the mirrored current as a channel current for the channel, thereby minimizing a difference of current levels occurred between output channels, and driving the AMOEL display panel uniformly.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for driving an electro-luminescence display device. The method includes the steps of selecting a scan line by applying a scan signal to any one of a plurality of scan lines; and switching between a constant voltage and a constant current to apply data to a plurality of data lines crossing the scan lines. The method switches between the constant voltage source and the constant current source to drive the data lines. As a result, it increases the brightness uniformity and brightness. Therefore, the picture quality can be sustained at a high level.

Abstract: A projection type image display apparatus includes a projection optical system the projects light emitted from an organic EL element onto a target object. The projection optical system has a characteristic non-telecentric toward the EL element with principal rays which pass through the median point of the aperture pupil that captures light diffusively emitted from the EL element converging when seen from the EL element at a pixel position where the object height on the EL element from the optical axis of the projection optical system reaches a maximum.

Abstract: A drive circuit includes a drive transistor connected at a pair of its main electrodes respectively to a drive output terminal side and a reference voltage source VEE side, an operational amplifier for controlling an output voltage that is output from the drive transistor, a detection transistor for detecting a current that flows through the drive transistor, a first feedback loop for detecting an output voltage at the drive output terminal and feeding back the output voltage to the operational amplifier, and a second feedback loop for detecting an output current of the detection transistor and feeding back the output current to the operational amplifier. The drive transistor and the detection transistor form a mirror circuit.

Abstract: In an active-type electroluminescent (EL) display, a conductor interconnecting a cathode (55) of an EL panel (30, 40) and a connection terminal of a signal input substrate (35) has a multilayer structure formed of a cathode material and a conductive material used in a thin-film transistor forming step. The conductor may be formed of a conductive material used in a thin film transistor forming step. A metal material for a gate electrode or drain electrode is preferably used as the conductive material. The connection conductor structure can reduce the electrical resistance of the connection conductor, thus preventing a decrease in display intensity of an EL display.

Abstract: An electro-optical device with a pixel portion of enhanced definition is provided, which uses pixels having a novel structure so that the number of stages of a source signal line side driver circuit is reduced to half the number of pixels in the horizontal direction, thereby making a space for placing the driver circuit and increasing the aperture ratio. One horizontal period is divided into the former half and the latter half. Signals for two adjacent pixels are successively inputted to one source signal line. A pixel selecting portion is provided between the two adjacent pixels. The signal selecting portion selects one of the pixels in the former half of one horizontal period so that a signal is written in the pixel whereas it selects the other pixel during the latter half of the horizontal period so that a signal is written in the pixel. Since one source signal line is shared between two adjacent pixels, the invention is advantageous also in terms of aperture ratio.

Abstract: A display comprising: an electrically insulative substrate; a plural of current driven type light emitting elements arranged, on the electrically insulative substrate, in a matrix form; a scanning line which is disposed at least one piece per each element row; a data line which is disposed at least one piece per one or two element columns; a power source supply line disposed on the electrically insulative substrate; and a switching circuit portion which is disposed at least one piece per at least one current driven type light emitting element.

Abstract: The invention provides an organic electroluminescent element driving circuit to which a reverse-bias is applied, which does not require a substantial increase in power consumption an increase in layout space. With switches arranged, electroluminescent elements are set to be in a reverse-bias state. The pixels are reverse-biased on the basis of a group of predetermined pixels at a time, for example, the pixels are reverse-biased on a pixel-by-pixel basis or on a line-by-line basis, or all pixels are reverse-biased at a time. In this way, reverse bias can be applied without the need for an additional power source, and without requiring a substantial increase in power consumption nor an increase in layout space. The service life of the organic electroluminescent element can thus be prolonged.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide an organic electroluminescent display device and driving method including an apparatus comprised of at least one organic-light-emitting diode (OLED), a rectification diode and a capacitor used as a memory device. A frame period of the display device is divided into sub-frames, which have address and light emission periods. Current mode data programming is used to address the display device in each sub-frame. In the light emission period, charge previously stored in selected capacitors during the address period, supplies the forward current for the OLEDs. A ramp waveform applied to the row electrode, during the light emission period, forces the capacitor to discharge through the OLED and controls the forward current level. The operation of the OLEDs are retained in their area of maximum performance.

Abstract: A full-color display device is disclosed. The present invention comprises a plurality of pixel units each comprising a base, a plurality of transparent conductive substrates, a plurality of light emitting elements, and a plurality of electrode parts. The base has at least three openings formed thereon, the bottom of each opening is a reflective surface, and each of the transparent conductive substrates individually covers each opening. Each of the light emitting elements is individually disposed on one side of each transparent conductive substrate and held in each opening. Each of the electrode parts is formed on the base and electrically connected to the electrodes of the light emitting elements and the transparent conductive substrates.

Abstract: In a display device, an active element (A) captures data of a signal line into a memory element while the active element (A) is selected by a selection line. The active element applies a reference voltage to an organic EL element according to storage contents of the memory element, thereby performing a storage holding operation for each pixel while preventing rewriting of the same data so as to save power. In order to realize multi-gray-level display, the display device reduces the number of wires and power consumption.

Abstract: A display apparatus, that includes current driving type luminescent elements, has a driving system that takes the conduction types of TFTs to control the emission of the luminescent elements into consideration. In order to reduce driving voltage and improve display quality simultaneously, the arrangement is provided such that if the second TFT which performs the “on-off” function of the current for the luminescent element is of an N channel type, the potential of the common power supply line (“com”) is lowered below the potential of the opposite electrode (“op”) of the luminescent element to obtain a higher gate voltage (“Vgcur”).

Abstract: A light emitting flat-panel display includes a plurality of light emitting diodes; a sensor for sensing the light output of at least one of the light emitting diodes to produce a light output signal; and a display controller responsive to the light output signal for producing a signal representing the remaining useful life of the display.

Abstract: Organic EL device including a plurality of data electrode lines on a substrate, a plurality of scan electrode lines perpendicular to the data electrode lines, and an organic EL layer between the plurality of data electrode lines and the plurality of scan electrode lines, wherein each of the data electrode lines is patterned, and divided into three electrode lines, for scanning three pixel groups at a time.

Abstract: Disclosed is a color conversion member which is improved in the prevention of a deterioration in color conversion function, the prevention of reflection of external light, and color rendering properties. The color conversion member comprises a transparent substrate, two or more types of color conversion layers, and a color filter layer. The color conversion layers function to convert incident lights for respective pixels to outgoing lights of colors different from the incident lights. The two or more types of color conversion layers are arranged on said transparent substrate. The color filter layer is provided on the transparent substrate side of any one of the color conversion layers or between the above any one of the color conversion layers and the color conversion layers adjacent to the above any one the color conversion layers.

Abstract: The invention provides an organic electro-luminescence device which can be used as a cover glass of a wristwatch or the like by virtue of its transparency, produces a plurality of colors, illuminates and displays at the same time, and is formed by an easy method. A transparent organic EL device emitting yellow light is formed on a first surface of a substrate by being patterned so as to display characters. A transparent organic EL device emitting blue light is formed on a second surface by being patterned so as to generate light at the overall surface of the substrate.

Abstract: The invention provides an electroluminescent display device in which purity of R, G, and B colors is prevented from lowering by minimizing white light leakage and color mixture caused by an escape of light to an outside of a color filter layer. An organic EL element driving TFT is formed on an insulating substrate. A first planarization insulating film is formed so as to cover the organic EL element driving TFT. A color filter layer is buried in the first planarization insulating film. An anode layer is connected with the organic EL element driving TFT and extends over the first planarization insulating film. A second planarization insulating film is formed so as to cover end portions of the anode layer. Here, a length of an overlapping area of the color filter layer and the second planarization insulating film is set larger than a sum of thicknesses of the anode layer and the first planarization insulating film.