Abstract: An apparatus to facilitate machine learning matrix processing is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a memory to store matrix data one or more processors to execute an instruction to examine a message descriptor included in the instruction to determine a type of matrix layout manipulation operation that is to be executed, examine a message header included in the instruction having a plurality of parameters that define a two-dimensional (2D) memory surface that is to be retrieved, retrieve one or more blocks of the matrix data from the memory based on the plurality of parameters and a register file including a plurality of registers, wherein the one or more blocks of the matrix data is stored within a first set of the plurality of registers.

Abstract: A virtual or augmented reality display system that controls a display using control information included with the virtual or augmented reality imagery that is intended to be shown on the display. The control information can be used to specify one of multiple possible display depth planes. The control information can also specify pixel shifts within a given depth plane or between depth planes. The system can also enhance head pose measurements from a sensor by using gain factors which vary based upon the user's head pose position within a physiological range of movement.

Abstract: A method for encoding a colour transform is disclosed that comprises encoding first parameters representative of video signal characteristics of colour output decoded pictures remapped by said at least one color transform; and encoding second parameters representative of said at least one colour transform.

Abstract: Data compression (and corresponding decompression) is used to compress blocks of data values involving processes including one or more of colour decorrelation, spatial decorrelation, entropy encoding and packing. The entropy encoding generates encoded data values which have variable sizes (in terms of the number of bits). The entropy encoding uses size indications for respective sets of data values to indicate the number of bits used for the encoded data values of the set. The size indications allow the encoded data values to be parsed quickly (e.g. in parallel).

Abstract: Some embodiments relate to a machine-implemented method of packing volumetric image data executed by at least one processing device, the method comprising: determining a first block size; writing to memory a first block of image data from a first image, the first block having the first block size; determining a second block size; and writing to memory a second block of image data from a second image, the second block having the second block size; wherein the first image contains X by Y pixels of one of colour data and depth data, and the second image contains X by Y pixels of the other of colour and depth data; and wherein the first image is related to the second image. Embodiments also relate to methods of unpacking volumetric image data. Further embodiments relate to systems and computer-readable media storing or having access to code to execute the packing and unpacking methods.

Abstract: Some embodiments relate to a machine-implemented method of packing volumetric image data executed by at least one processing device, the method comprising: determining a first block size; writing to memory a first block of image data from a first image, the first block having the first block size; determining a second block size; and writing to memory a second block of image data from a second image, the second block having the second block size; wherein the first image contains X by Y pixels of one of colour data and depth data, and the second image contains X by Y pixels of the other of colour and depth data; and wherein the first image is related to the second image. Embodiments also relate to methods of unpacking volumetric image data. Further embodiments relate to systems and computer-readable media storing or having access to code to execute the packing and unpacking methods.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a driving circuit for a display screen, a display method and a display device, which belong to the display technical field. The driving circuit for a display screen includes an analyzer configured to analyze and determine at least one of a current working mode of the display screen and a picture parameter of a to-be-displayed picture which is to be displayed on the display screen. The driving circuit includes a processor configured to determine a color depth bit value of the to-be-displayed picture of the display screen according to the at least one of the current working mode of the display screen and the picture parameter of the to-be-displayed picture which is to be displayed on the display screen.

Abstract: Disclosed are an ESD detection apparatus and method applied to digital integrated circuit, and an integrated circuit. The apparatus includes: a check read control module, configured to initiate a read operation for a flip-flop set module; and a check calculation module, configured to receive a data value sent by the flip-flop set module according to the read operation, perform check calculation according to the data value, and determine, according to comparison of a result of the check calculation and a history check calculation result, whether an ESD overrun is present. According to the present application, a simple circuit structure is employed to detect the ESC overrun, without occupying resources of an external main controller. As such, other operations may not be affected, the efficiency is improved, and the ESD overrun may be detected in real time.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for generating a monochrome image from a color filter array. Image data from an image capturing device may be received having a color filter array comprising a plurality of filter positions. The image data may be interpolated to de-mosaic the image data into three sets of data representing red, blue, and green (RGB) data, respectively, for each of the plurality of filter positions. A weight may be calculated for each value of the RGB data based on a local gradient calculated for each value of the RGB data. A pixel value may be calculated for each pixel position for generating a monochrome image using the weight for each value of the RGB data.

Abstract: Making effective use of an image encoder and an image decoder for processing a color image of a general-purpose standard bit depth, an image transmission device capable of transmitting/receiving a monochrome image of a higher bit depth is configured. An image transmission device includes an image encoder to encode a high bit-depth monochrome image and output encoded data and an image decoder to generate, by decoding the encoded data received via a transmission path, a high bit-depth monochrome image. The image encoder decomposes the input high bit-depth image data into plural bit planes corresponding to color image data of a standard bit depth and encodes the standard bit-depth color image data. The image decoder decodes the color image data of the standard bit depth and synthesizes, from the decoded standard bit-depth color image data, a high bit-depth monochrome image.

Abstract: When carrying out an average prediction, an intra predictor carries out a filtering process on target pixels of the intra prediction located at an upper end and a left end of the block, the filtering process using an intermediate prediction value, which is an average value of adjacent pixels of the block, and at least one adjacent pixel of the target pixel. The intra predictor also sets a filter coefficient to ¾, associated with the intermediate prediction value for a target pixel at the left end of the block other than the target pixel at an upper left corner of the block, and sets a filter coefficient to ¼, associated with the adjacent pixel adjacent to the left side of the target pixel at the left end of the block. As a result, prediction errors locally occurring can be reduced, and the image quality can be improved.

Abstract: Examples of memory-efficient techniques for dynamically generating images having customizable image portions are disclosed herein. In particular embodiments, a collection of contributing images with different image information in the contributing image's channel layers is used to generate a composite result image. By combining the subimage data from each channel of the contributing image in accordance with a composite image function, a resultant composite image can be generated that has the desired customized properties selected by the user. To create the customized properties, one or more of the color channel subimages can have their values scaled (e.g., using matrix multiplication) according to the customization preferences of the user such that, when combined with the other contributing images, the desired customized result is presented to the user.

Abstract: A method for the organizing, managing, mapping, distributing, transportation and displaying of multi-layered content and/or data in a tactile volumetric (three-dimensional), flat (two-dimensional) and/or multi-dimensional container and/or panel which functions as a macro controller through tactile, sensatory, audible and/or other forms of user control. This includes the means to manipulate content and/or data through a visual and/or multi-sensatory interface that stores content and media in a nested and sub-nested hierarchical container and sub-container array which can give real-time feedback to any involved party. These containers and/or panels provide a means to permanently move and validate content between servers, devices and/or users, while giving a real-time visual and/or multi-sensatory response and representation to that user. This system also provides a means to ingest and convert legacy media formats.

Abstract: A gamma correction circuit applied to a display device includes a first storage unit, a second storage unit, a first correction circuit and a second correction circuit. The first storage unit stores a first gamma look-up table, and the second storage unit stores a second gamma look-up table. The first correction circuit receives an input signal, and generates an intermediate signal corresponding to the input signal according to the first gamma look-up table. The second correction circuit receives the intermediate signal, and generates an output signal corresponding to the intermediate signal according to the second look-up table to a display panel. The first look-up table is stored to the first storage unit after the display device is powered on.

Abstract: A graphics processing circuit and method for power savings in the same is disclosed. In one embodiment, a graphics processing circuit includes a number of channels. The number of channels includes a number of color component channels that are each configured to process color components of pixel values of an incoming frame of graphics information. The number of channels also includes an alpha scaling channel configured to process alpha values (indicative of a level of transparency) for the incoming and/or outgoing frames. The graphics processing circuit also includes a control circuit. The control circuit is configured to place the alpha scaling channel into a low-power state responsive to determining that at least one of the incoming or outgoing frames does not include alpha values.

Abstract: A method and a device are described for modifying a video frame for encoding or decoding wherein values of pixels of the video frame are represented an increased bit depth. The described method comprises using processing means for executing the step of offsetting the pixel values of increased bit depth with offsets, the offsets depending on a spatial neighbourhood of the pixel to-be-offset. Such local adaptive offsetting of pixel values de-emphasizes high frequencies in the transform domain artificially emphasized by the bit depth increase.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method of modifying image data is presented. The method entails detecting a triggering pattern based on colors and saturation values of a group of pixels, wherein at least one of the pixels includes a plurality of subpixels, and wherein the triggering pattern includes at least a portion of one of a diagonal line and a vertical line. The method changes the image data for a specific subpixel in the group of pixels, wherein the specific subpixel is located in or adjacent to the diagonal line or the vertical line. Alternatively, the method entails detecting a border between saturated-color subpixels and non-saturated-color subpixels, and adding luminance to white subpixels at the border. A display system configured to execute the above methods and a computer-readable medium storing instructions for executing the above methods are also presented.

Abstract: The present invention converts an image into a transparency, or “foreground image”, on which the readability of text and other detail is preserved after compositing with a background, while maintaining color information of broad areas of the image.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for detecting banding noise in a digital signal representative of an image. The method includes determining, by a banding noise detector, a count of increment steps in pixel values and a count of decrement steps in pixel values along a filter direction in a neighborhood of a current pixel of the image, checking, by the banding noise detector, if the count of increment steps or the count of decrement steps in the neighborhood of a current pixel exceeds a step threshold value, and classifying, by the banding noise detector, the current pixel as being located in the banding noise zone if the count of increment steps or the count of decrement steps does not exceed the step threshold value.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure can include devices for storing and exchanging color space encoded images. The encoded images can store input data into high capacity multi-colored composite two-dimensional pictures having different symbols organized in specific order using sets in a color space. The encoding can include performing two-level error correction and generating frames based on the color space for formatting and calibrating the encoded images during decoding. The decoding can use the frames to perform color restoration and distortion correction. The decoding can be based on a pseudo-Euclidean distance between a distorted color and a color in a color calibration cells. In some embodiments, an encoded image can be further divided into sub-images during encoding for simplified distortion correction.

Abstract: An approach to detecting objects in an image dataset may combine texture/color detection, shape/contour detection, and/or motion detection using sparse, generative, hierarchical models with lateral and top-down connections. A first independent representation of objects in an image dataset may be produced using a color/texture detection algorithm. A second independent representation of objects in the image dataset may be produced using a shape/contour detection algorithm. A third independent representation of objects in the image dataset may be produced using a motion detection algorithm. The first, second, and third independent representations may then be combined into a single coherent output using a combinatorial algorithm.

Abstract: Each block of texture data elements is encoded as a block of texture data that includes a set of integer values to be used to generate a set of base data values for the block, and a set of index values indicating how to use the base data values to generate data values for the texture data elements that the block represents. The integer values and the index values are both encoded in an encoded texture data block using a combination of base-n values, where n is greater than two, and base-2 values. Predefined bit representations are used to represent plural base-n values (n>2) collectively, and the bits of the bit representations representing the base-n values are interleaved with bits representing the base-2 values in the encoded texture data block.

Abstract: Devices and methods for obtaining image data that preserves highlight details and shadow details from image data from a high dynamic range (HDR) image sensor are provided. For example, an image signal processor may include a first data path of a relatively high bit depth, front-end image processing logic, and a second data path of a relatively low bit depth. The first data path may receive HDR image data from an image sensor. The front-end image processing logic may convert the HDR image data into lower-bit-depth image data, while preserving highlight details and/or shadow details of the HDR image, by using at least two transfer functions that preserve different subsets of the high dynamic range. The second data path may output this lower-bit-depth image data to other image processing logic for additional image processing.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed towards increasing texture filtering performance for texel components represented by more than 8 bits. As the number of bits per component increases, the number of texels that are processed each clock cycle decreases since more bits need to be processed to produce each filtered result. A filtered result may be accumulated over two or more iterations, with each iteration producing a portion of the filtered result. When only a portion of the components for each texel are used, the unused texel components are not processed. Elimination of unnecessary texel processing for unused texel components may improve texture filtering performance.

Abstract: Devices, systems, apparatuses, methods, and other embodiments associated with bit resolution enhancement are described. In one embodiment, an apparatus includes logic configured to produce a high-resolution pixel from a low-resolution pixel. The apparatus includes logic configured to classify the high-resolution pixel as being in a smooth region of an image based on at least one of a gradient value and a variance value associated with the low-resolution pixel. The apparatus includes logic configured to selectively re-classify the high-resolution pixel as not being in the smooth region of the image based on a set of neighboring high-resolution pixels associated with high-resolution pixel. The apparatus includes logic configured to selectively filter the high-resolution pixel based on whether the high-resolution pixel remains classified as being in the smooth region of the image.

Abstract: A look-up table unit converts input video signal data of N bits into (M+F+D) bit data by performing inverse gamma correction and linear interpolation. An error diffusion unit converts the (M+F+D) bit data into (M+F) bit data by error diffusion processing. A frame rate control unit converts the (M+F) bit data into M bit data by frame rate control. A sub-frame data conversion unit, by using a gradation driving table and the M bit data, generates sub-frame data in which all sub-frames include a step-bit pulse respectively, and in which the number of sub-frames to be in a drive state every time the drive gradation increases by one, is increased one by one.

Abstract: A first image stream has a first dynamic range and a first color space. First and the second image streams are received in a layered codec. The second image stream has a second dynamic range, which is higher than the first dynamic range. The first image stream is in the codec's base layer; the second image stream is in its enhancement layer. The first image stream is encoded to obtain an encoded image stream, which is decoded to obtain a decoded image stream. The decoded image stream is converted from the first non-linear or linear color space to a second, different color space to obtain a color converted image stream. A higher dynamic range image representation of the color converted image stream is generated to obtain a transformed image stream. Inverse tone mapping parameters are generated based on the transformed image stream and the second image stream.

Abstract: The display device includes a timing controller, a data driving unit, a gate driving unit, and a display panel. The timing controller divides m-bit image data (m is a natural number) received from the outside into n different image data for each viewpoint (n is 2 or larger natural number), and generates an output frame composed of a plurality of 3-dimensional image data including the n image data for each viewpoint. Then, the output frame is dithered so that the image data for each viewpoint expresses m-bit gradation with l bit, and image data for each viewpoint included in the output frame are outputted as output image signals.

Abstract: A system and method for compensating for average brightness dependency (ABD) differences between displays with and without average brightness dependency (ABD) includes color correcting source picture content on a reference display to output color corrected picture content. In addition, an ABD simulation process uses the color corrected picture content to simulate the display of content on the reference display. Subsequently, a compensation process receives the color corrected picture content and information from the simulation process and applies an ABD compensation characteristic to the color corrected picture content for correctly displaying the source picture content on a display with different ABD characteristics than the reference display.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for compressing a sequence of initial digital values into a compressed sequence of compressed values, intending to restore these values into a decompressed sequence of decompressed values. For a first initial value of the sequence, the compressed value of the first initial value is equal to the first initial value and the decompressed value of the compressed value of the first initial value is equal to the first initial value.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for compensating a black level are provided, in which an image signal processor converts an input image signal into an image signal at YUV color coordinates so that the image signal at the YUV color coordinates is in a first signal range, and a black level compensator compensates a Y component of the image signal at the YUV color coordinates so that the Y component of the image signal at the YUV color coordinates are in a second signal range narrower than the first signal range or maintains the Y component of the image signal at the YUV color coordinates in the first signal range, according to a type of an external image output device.

Abstract: A general moving image includes a plurality of objects in a frame image. At the time of playback, the temporal visual characteristic is taken into consideration uniformly in the overall frame image. It is therefore impossible to perform playback while particularly considering an object of interest. In this invention, when playing back a moving image including a plurality of time-divided frame images, the object adaptation time of each object image is acquired first in the frame image of interest of the plurality of frame images. An adaptation weight is calculated based on the acquired object adaptation time, and a low-pass image reflecting the adaptation weight is generated for each object image. Color adaptation conversion using the low-pass image makes it possible to perform, for the frame image of interest, color conversion based on the adaptation time of each object image and perform color conversion particularly considering an object of interest.

Abstract: A method is provided for data compression. The data compression method transforms a square of data into a tile of data. The tile of data is then divided into quads of data that are converted into a representative element, a first delta element, a second delta element, a third delta element, and a control word. A new tile of data is then formed with the representative elements, and the process is repeated until a single representative element remains. The single representative element is then embedded into an output stream with the control words and corresponding delta elements. Decompression of the data is symmetrical to the encoding once the bit stream has been parsed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the use of inverse dithering of color or grey-scale images. In certain embodiments, an image area may be selected having a center pixel. A predictive value of the image area may be found by averaging the values of the pixels in the image area. This predictive value may be compared to the center pixel's real value. A difference between the real value and the predictive value may then be found and used to diffuse the energy removed from the center pixel to neighboring pixels. By inverse dithering images using an energy diffusion approach, the images may be presented as having a more visually appealing display, even in situations where the images may undergo further edge enhancements.

Abstract: A display controller is configured for creating a translucency effect for a target image area of a source image containing image data expressed in a first color model. The display controller has a first color model converter adapted for color model transformation of the image data from the first color model to a second color model based upon a first predefined set of transformation coefficients, as well as a second color model converter adapted for color model transformation of the image data from the first color model to the second color model based upon a second predefined set of transformation coefficients. The display controller is controllable to produce a destination image by selecting transformed image data from the second color model converter for the target image area and by selecting transformed image data from the first color model converter for other image area(s) of the source image than the target image area.

Abstract: A depth estimation apparatus is provided. The depth estimation apparatus may estimate a depth value of at least one pixel composing an input video based on feature information about at least one feature of the input video, a position of the at least one pixel, and a depth relationship among the at least one pixel and neighboring pixels.

Abstract: A method for modifying color data in a display system is implemented using hardware circuitry. The method includes receiving first-color data associated with a first bit depth, the first-color data including a first-color data value. The method also includes receiving second-color data associated with a second bit depth that is less than the first bit depth, the second-color data including a second-color data value that corresponds to the first-color data value. The method also includes normalizing the second-color data according to the first bit depth for generating normalized second-color data. The method also includes adding an offset value to each data value of the normalized second-color data to generate offset second-color data, the offset second-color data including an offset second-color data value that corresponds to the first-color data value. The method also includes determining a modified second-color data value using the first-color data value and the offset second-color data value.

Abstract: A process and circuit for blending a foreground image (B) with a background image (A), said foreground and background images being arranged in pixels and having color representations (R, G, B). The foreground foreground image (A) has a transparency parameter (T(x,y)) in accordance with a so-called alpha plane representative of the transparency profile to apply to the foreground image. The process involves the steps of: -applying a dithering method on said alpha plane in order to convert said transparency parameter (T) into a one-bit transparency parameter (T?); -use said one-bit transparency parameter (T?) for controlling a multiplexing unit having two inputs respectively receiving the foreground image (A) and the background image (B). In one embodiment, the one-bit transparency parameter T? into the two extreme values of a range of continuous values, for instance coded on 8 bits.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for facilitating the selection of colors. An initial set of colors from a color space is rendered in a user interface. A selection of at least one of the initial set of colors is received. A subsequent set of colors from the color space is rendered in the user interface in response to the selection. The subsequent set of colors is related to the selected colors.

Abstract: A color accurate display device is configured to receive an encoded first color space having a first gamut from a set of encoded primaries {R, G, B} and a first white point. The device includes a display panel having an active area configured for an encoded second color space having a second white point and a set of native primaries each with a characterized tone response with respect to the second color space and a measured tone response from the display panel, the primaries having a second gamut larger than and including the first gamut. Also included is a color space conversion circuit configured to convert the set of encoded primaries {R, G, B} and first white point of the first color space to the set of native primaries and second white point compensating for each characterized tone response of the second color space.

Abstract: A system for communicating video, the video including 4:4:4 color space frames, includes a 4:2:0 video encoder having a 4:4:4 to 4:2:0 color space frame converter and a 4:2:0 video decoder having a 4:2:0 to 4:4:4 color space frame converter, communicatively connected to the 4:2:0 video encoder. The 4:2:0 video encoder, without conversion by the 4:4:4 to 4:2:0 color space converter, communicates the video as a plurality of encoded 4:2:0 color space frames to the decoder. The 4:2:0 video decoder, without conversion by the 4:2:0 to 4:4:4 color space frame converter, saves the video as a plurality of 4:4:4 color space frames in memory. Each of the 4:4:4 color space frames in memory of the decoder device is identical to its corresponding 4:4:4 color space frame of the video at the encoder device.

Abstract: A high dynamic range image editing system for editing an image file having pixels spanning a first range of light intensity levels in an image editing system that only displays differences in the light intensity levels of pixels within a second range of light intensity levels that is less than the first range of light intensity levels, without reducing the range of light intensity levels in the image file.

Abstract: This image processing method for the conversion of an image with a first number of bits per pixel, for example 16 bits per pixel, into an image with a second number of bits per pixel, for example 18 bits per pixel, includes generating additional coding bit values for the components (Ri, Gi, Bi) of each pixel starting from the component values of adjacent pixels and generating the converted signal from the additional coding bits.

Abstract: A controller, method and computer medium are provided for controlling communications between a control area network and a data network. The method includes receiving user input at a controller coupled to the control area network from a node coupled to the data network, receiving user input at the controller from a node coupled to the control area network, and instructing an internet appliance coupled to the control area network to perform a command based on at least one of the received user inputs.

Abstract: In a pixel imaging method and system, pixel information is stored into backing stores in system memory of a computer. A graphics processing unit (GPU) composites the pixel information into a first assembly buffer that has a first color depth of at least greater than 8-bits per color component. The GPU dithers and filters the pixel information in the first assembly buffer into a second assembly buffer. The second assembly buffer has a second color depth that is different from the first color depth of the first assembly but is the same as the color depth of the computer's frame buffer. The GPU copies the pixel information from the second assembly buffer into the frame buffer (optionally modifying them such as, by filtering), and scan-out hardware outputs the pixel information in the frame buffer to a display of the computer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a color conversion method, the method including the steps of (a) converting a color using an approximation technique, and (b) correcting an error of the color using a preset error correction table containing information regarding a difference between a color channel based on an original conversion formula and a color channel based on the approximation technique.

Abstract: An electro-optic display device includes a display matrix of display pixels. Each display pixel may include two or more first sub-pixels and a second sub-pixel. Each first sub-pixel may have two or more display states and a color filter. The second sub-pixel may have two or more display states and a white filter. The first sub-pixels may be arranged in rows and columns in a repeating pattern, and each first sub-pixel may be horizontally adjacent and vertically adjacent to one or more second sub-pixels. In addition, a display controller may include a data switch, a color correction module, an image filtering module, a color linearization module, an image dithering module, and a saturation adjustment module. The modules may be configured to perform operations at first and second pixel resolutions.

Abstract: Image data is encoded for distribution in a lower bit-depth format. The image data has a range that is less than a maximum range and is mapped to the lower bit depth format using a mapping such that a ratio of a range of the lower bit depth representation to a maximum range of the lower bit depth representation is greater than a ratio of the range of the image data is associated with lower bit depth representation. The metadata may be used downstream to reverse the mapping so that tonal detail is better reproduced.

Abstract: A method includes receiving a desired output shade of a pixel for display to a user. The pixel has a first, second, and third sub-pixel, each of which have associated a luminosity, a plurality of private color bits, and a plurality of common color bits. The method selects a plurality of intermediate shades based on the desired output shade and maps the plurality of intermediate shades to a plurality of frame colors, including a first and second frame color. The method sets a first display frame, setting the luminosity, private color bits, and common color bits of each sub-pixel based on the first frame color. The method sets a second display frame, setting the luminosity, private color bits, and common color bits of each sub-pixel based on the second frame color. The method includes sending a first and second display signal to an output device, the first display signal being based on the first display frame, and the second display signal being based on the second display frame.

Abstract: A method for grayscale display of a desired output shade comprises transmitting an enhanced grayscale input signal for the desired output shade to an enhanced grayscale engine. The input signal including a plurality of shade bits and a plurality of select bits. The method further comprises decoding the plurality of shade bits and the plurality of select bits to select an intermediate shade from a plurality of intermediate shades. The method further comprises forming an enhanced grayscale display. The method further comprises receiving the enhanced grayscale display signal from the enhanced grayscale engine and displaying an enhanced grayscale image on an output display. Responsive to a first user input, a standard grayscale display signal is selected. The standard grayscale display signal is received and a standard grayscale image is displayed on the output display.