Abstract: A color temperature correction device corrects, in a display device that represents brightness of RGB of a video signal by a plurality of levels of gray scales, a color temperature of the video signal. The color temperature correction device includes: a recording means of storing a gray scale value conversion table for an input gray scale value of a video signal to set gray scale values for respective RGB, so that a consistent color temperature is maintained; and a gray scale value converting unit that converts the input gray scale value to set gray scale values, based on the gray scale value conversion table.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for driving a plasma display panel that can be driven at a low voltage and prevent undesired discharge from being generated under high temperature environment.

Abstract: A plasma display device includes the following elements: an image signal conversion circuit for converting an image signal into an image data; a data electrode driver circuit for driving data electrodes according to the image data; a power calculation circuit for calculating a power consumption of the data electrode driver circuit according to the image data; and a temperature calculation circuit for calculating a temperature of the data electrode driver circuit according to the image data. The image signal conversion circuit converts the image signal into an image data decreasing the power consumption of the data electrode driver circuit at least when the calculated power consumption exceeds a predetermined power threshold value, or when the calculated temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature threshold value.

Abstract: A display method of a plasma display device and plasma display device are provided. The display method includes nonlinearly converting first image data corresponding to an input image signal to second image data having a gradation value smaller than a gradation value of first image data and expressing the second image data by a real part and an error part. The display method includes error diffusing of, when the error part of the second image data is not zero, spatially or temporally diffusing the error part. The display method includes subfield pattern converting of selecting a lighting pattern of the subfields based on the error-diffused second image data.

Abstract: A method for generating an over-drive grey level for driving a pixel includes providing a corresponding over-drive function according to an original grey level for the pixel in the previous frame, and generating the over-drive grey level according to the corresponding over-drive function and the original grey level for the pixel in the current frame.

Abstract: A picture quality when reducing the brightness or the contrast of the picture on a plasma panel shall be improved. For this purpose there is provided a driving apparatus including brightness/contrast control means for receiving video input data for modifying the video levels of the video input data in accordance with external adjustment data and for outputting modified video data. First power measurement means measure a power level of the modified video data and supply a first power level. Second power measurement means measure a power level of the video input data and supply a second power level. Generator means generate a third power level comprised between the first power level and the second power level or equal to the larger one to data processing means. The data processing means calculate the maximum number of sustain pulses per frame applicable to the modified video data on the basis of the third power level and control the display of the modified video data on the plasma display panel.

Abstract: A plasma display device and a method of driving the same, capable of reducing or preventing the deterioration of components such as a switching device, due to an overcurrent. In a reset period, in order to cause the voltage of a scan electrode to ramp down from a first voltage to a second voltage, a panel driver includes a falling ramp switch that repeats turn-on/turn-off operations, alternately coupling and de-coupling a low-level power supply to the scan electrode, resulting in a gradually falling ramp waveform. A switch controller generates a switching pulse to control the falling ramp switch. Each turn-on time of the switching pulse for the initial falling ramp waveform following a power-on of the plasma display device is controlled to be shorter than each turn-on time of the switching pulse for other falling ramp waveform.

Abstract: In the display of an image at a low average picture level, the luminance of black level of the display image is reduced so as to enhance the contrast. In the display of an image at a high average picture level, an address discharge is caused stably. Thereby, the image display quality is enhanced. For this purpose, a specified-cell initializing subfield where a forced initializing waveform is applied to predetermined scan electrodes and a non-initializing waveform is applied to the other scan electrodes in the initializing period, and a selective initializing subfield where a selective initializing waveform is applied to all the scan electrodes in the initializing period are set. A specified-cell initializing field having the specified-cell initializing subfield and the plurality of selective initializing subfields is set.

Abstract: Portable devices (100) that include displays (102) and are used in widely ranging ambient light conditions use selectable or adjustable optoelectronic input/output compensation functions to drive their displays. According to certain embodiments, a camera (122) or a light sensor (120) is used to measure the ambient light level, and an optoelectronic input/output compensation function that is specifically chosen based on the measured ambient light condition is used to drive the display. Furthermore, according to certain embodiments, the optoelectronic input/output compensation function is selected based on whether a display backlight (230) is turned on or off.

Abstract: A plasma display apparatus and a driving method thereof are provided. The plasma display apparatus and a driving method thereof represent an image by a combination of a plurality of subfields, supply a first pulse to the first electrode in a negative polarity direction before a reset period for initializing in at least one of the plurality of subfields, supply a second pulse to the second electrode in an opposite polarity direction of the first pulse while the first pulse is supplied to the first electrode, and do not supply a sustain pulse to at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode in a sustain period after the reset period.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus for automatically improving the contrast of an input image that is obtained from a digital camera or the like, and obtaining a sharper and clearing image. A contrast improvement unit performs a contrast improvement process on the input image by comparing an object pixel in the input image with pixels in the surrounding area. An image combination unit combines the enhanced image obtained by the contrast improvement process with the input image. The combined image is then output to a desired device such as a printer by an image output unit.

Abstract: A AC type plasma display apparatus has been disclosed, which satisfies various requirements such as the number of gradations that can be displayed, the display luminance, and the upper limit of power and, further, the efficiency of light emission and the luminance can be increased as much as possible and the display quality of which is not deteriorated. In the plasma display apparatus, a frame is composed of plural subfields, an image is displayed by causing a sustain discharge to occur in each subfield, the sustain discharge can be caused to occur by at least a first sustain waveform and a second sustain waveform different from the first sustain waveform, and the ratio of the first sustain waveform to the second sustain waveform changes, both waveforms being used to cause the sustain discharge to occur in each subfield.

Abstract: A liquid crystal drive device having a differential-type input circuit including a differential amplification stage for receiving a differential signal and a buffer stage for generating an output signal on the basis of an output of the differential amplification stage, the liquid crystal drive device for receiving a signal of display data via the input circuit and outputting a signal for driving a liquid crystal panel on the basis of the display data, wherein a liquid crystal driving voltage VLCD larger than a power supply voltage VCC for logic to be supplied to the operation voltage buffer stage is supplied to the differential amplification stage of the input circuit. A standby function of interrupting an operation current of the differential amplification stage in a period where no display data is received is provided.

Abstract: A display method of a plasma display apparatus to which primary color video signals are inputted and which carries out color display by letting phosphors for primary colors emit light is provided. The display method displays the primary color video signals by changing a gray level of an output primary color video signal in accordance with a gray level of an input primary color video signal. When each gray level of the inputted primary color video signals changes from a first value to a second value which is larger than the first value, a gray level of a primary color video signal for a phosphor having the largest influence of luminance saturation properties among the phosphors is increased relative to a gray level of the other primary color video signal.

Abstract: A plasma display device and a driving method thereof are provided. The plasma display device has a panel having a plurality of discharge cells including a display electrode pair that is formed of a scan electrode and a sustain electrode, and a temperature detecting circuit for detecting the ambient temperature of the panel and outputting the detected temperature. In the driving method, an unusual charge erasing period when a rectangular waveform voltage is applied to the scan electrode is disposed between the initializing period and address period of at least one of a plurality of subfields, and the number of subfields having the unusual charge erasing period is controlled based on the detected temperature detected by the temperature detecting circuit.

Abstract: A method drives a panel and a plasma display unit, wherein one field includes a plurality of subfields, each having an addressing period for producing an address discharge selectively in the discharge cells, and a sustaining period for producing a sustain discharge by applying a number of sustaining pulses corresponding to a weight of brightness in a discharge cell where the address discharge has been produced. Additionally, a sustaining pulse generator circuit includes a power recovery section for controlling the rising or the falling of the sustaining pulse by producing resonance between an inter-electrode capacitance of a display electrode pair and an inductor, and a clamping section for clamping a voltage of the sustaining pulse at a predetermined potential, wherein the power recovery section is used to set twice a time of the rising of the sustaining pulse to be equal to or longer than a duration of the sustaining pulse.

Abstract: An image display apparatus of a present invention has a rear plate having a plurality of electron-emitting devices, a face plate having a light-emitting member, a high-voltage power source which applies a high voltage to the light-emitting member, a current detecting unit which detects an emission current from the electron-emitting devices, and a bypass capacitor. One end of the bypass capacitor is connected between the high-voltage power source and the current detecting unit, and the other end of the bypass capacitor is connected to a potential regulating electrode, and an electrostatic capacitance Cp of the bypass capacitor satisfies a following formula: Cp>?A/d where ?: permittivity of vacuum, A: an area of the light-emitting member, and d: a distance between the rear plate and the face plate.

Abstract: A plasma display panel driving method and a plasma display device capable of reducing initializing spots generated immediately after the start of driving the plasma display panel, and improving the quality of images to be displayed. A plurality of subfields, each including an initializing period, an address period, and a sustain period, are provided in one field. The one field includes at least one of the subfields in which a gently increasing ramp waveform voltage is applied to the scan electrodes in the initializing period thereof. The ramp waveform voltage to be applied to the scan electrodes for the first time after the start of driving the plasma display panel is generated so as to have a gentler slope than the other ramp waveform voltages have.

Abstract: A driving device that drives a display device using a subfield driving method eliminates the need to use an expensive 1-frame delay memory. A compensated sustain pulse data generator enables displaying the same frame information on the display panel even when the 1-frame delay memory is eliminated. The drive data is generated so that the data that is delayed one frame and is included in the data output from the subfield processing unit and the data that is delayed one frame and is included in the data output from the compensated sustain pulse data generator are mutually cancelling.

Abstract: A method for driving a plasma display panel includes a first mode for carrying out display by applying sustain pulses whose number corresponds to brightness weight of subfields; a second mode for carrying out display in which the one field period includes a smaller number of subfields than that of the first mode and the number of sustain pulses in the one field period is set to be more than that in the first mode; and a third mode for carrying out display in which an address time of a non-lighting line of the second mode is shortened and the shortened time is set in a sustain period. The first mode or the second mode is shifted to the third mode when a lighting rate is a predetermined value or less and a gradation of image is a predetermined value or more of each subfield.

Abstract: Plural subfields are provided in one single field period, where each subfield has an initialization period during which a gradient waveform voltage gently falling is applied to a scan electrode to generate initializing discharge in a discharge cell; a writing period during which a scan pulse voltage is applied to a scan electrode to generate writing discharge in a discharge cell; and a sustain period during which sustain discharge is generated in a discharge cell selected, by the number of times corresponding to a luminance weight. The lowest voltage of a falling gradient waveform voltage in a subfield with the smallest luminance weight is set so as to be lower than that with the largest luminance weight. A method of driving a plasma display panel is provided that generates stable writing discharge without increasing voltage required for generating writing discharge even for a large-screen, high-luminance panel.

Abstract: A luminescence shock avoidance algorithm selectively limits the brightness level of a display device when the display device is activated in a dark environment to prevent the temporary vision impairment that can occur when a display device is activated in a dark environment. The algorithm receives the state of the display (e.g. on or in standby mode), and can optionally receive an ambient lighting value from an ambient light sensor and a user-selectable manual brightness adjustment setting to determine whether luminescence shock avoidance should even be triggered, and if it is triggered, how much should the brightness level of the display be limited.

Abstract: A drive voltage supply circuit has a first wire line, a second wire line, a first drive circuit, a plurality of second drive circuits, a control circuit for driving the first drive circuit and the plurality of second drive circuits, and an impedance element connected between the first wire line and each of output terminals.

Abstract: A method of driving a plasma display panel for avoiding an erroneous discharge. The plasma display panel has display cells formed at respective intersections of row electrode pairs and a column electrode, wherein one field of a video signal is comprised of a plurality of sub-fields, and a reset period is provided prior to an addressing period of a starting sub-field. The method has a light emission load state detection stage for detecting a light emission load state of the plasma display panel according to the video signal in the preceding field, and a first stage in the reset period for applying the first row electrodes with a pulse of a first polarity which has an applied voltage value increased over time to reach a predetermined target potential, wherein the first stage includes controlling the target potential of the first polarity pulse according to the light emission load state.

Abstract: The plasma display device has a sustain pulse generating circuit for generating sustain pulses in a sustain period. The sustain pulse generating circuit generates at least two kinds of sustain pulses of different rising gradients in the sustain period, generates a predetermined number of sustain pulse whose rising gradient becomes steeper to the latter half in at least one-side electrode in the sustain period after first two sustain pulses and except an erasing pulse, and continuously generates the sustain pulses while the rising gradient of the sustain pulses is varied in response to the light emitting rate of the plasma display panel in the sustain period.

Abstract: A driving method of a plasma display panel may be provided such that the plasma display panel may be driven stably under a high temperature environment. The method may include applying a scan pulse to the scan electrode during an address period, applying a first DC voltage to the sustain electrode during the set-down period, applying a second DC voltage to the sustain electrode during the first address period after applying the falling waveform to the scan electrode, and applying a third DC voltage to the sustain electrode during the second address period after applying the second DC voltage to the sustain electrode. A difference between the second DC voltage and a lowest voltage of the scan pulse applied during the first address period is lower than a difference between the third DC voltage and a lowest voltage of the scan pulse applied during the second address period.

Abstract: A correction circuit includes a timing control circuit for dividing a drive period assigned for drive of display devices into plural calculation slots, a luminance calculation circuit for calculating luminance including an effect of a voltage drop for each calculation slot, an accumulation circuit for temporally accumulating the luminance for each calculation slot, a corrected data determination circuit for outputting, as a corrected data, the value determined in accordance with the calculation slot at the time point when the accumulated luminance reaches a target luminance value, and a conversion circuit for converting the corrected data into modulation data to be applied to a modulation circuit. The width of the calculation slot is shorter than the width of the slot for pulse width modulation in at least a part of the drive period. The conversion circuit reduces the bit width of the corrected data by pseudo-gradation processing.

Abstract: A plasma display panel (PDP) driving method and a PDP gray-representing method for improving representation performance of low gray scales is disclosed. A voltage rising from a low level voltage to a reset voltage of a reset period of a subsequent subfield is applied to a scan electrode, without having a sustain period, after performing an address operation of the subfield with the minimum weight. The discharge cell selected in the address period of the minimum weight is discharged in an initial part of the gradually rising voltage.

Abstract: A display apparatus, which displays a color image by controlling the number of emissions or the intensity thereof in accordance with primary color video signals input thereto, has a detection portion and a white balance correction portion. The detection portion is used to detect the number of emissions or the intensity, and the white balance correction portion is used to correct white balance by adjusting the amplitudes of the primary color video signals in accordance with the detected number of emissions or the detected intensity. Therefore, correct white balance can be maintained regardless of the number of emissions or the intensity of emission.

Abstract: A plasma display apparatus, and more particularly, a driving method and improved structure of a plasma display apparatus are provided. A sustain signal that alternates between a positive polarity and a negative polarity is supplied to only one electrode. Therefore, it can facilitate the adoption of an integrated driving board. Furthermore, a voltage magnitude of a set-up signal supplying in any one of the remaining sub-fields other than a first sub-field of a frame is less than the voltage magnitude of the set-up signal supplying in the first sub-field. It is therefore possible to increase the contrast.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a plasma display apparatus and driving method thereof, in which an afterimage occurring when the plasma display panel is turned on can be obviated and an erroneous discharge phenomenon and damage to elements can be prevented. A plasma display apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention comprises a plasma display panel including a scan electrode and a sustain electrode, and a controller for applying a sustain pulse, which is the first applied pulse, to the scan electrode and the sustain electrode for a predetermined time after the plasma display panel is turned on. The present invention is advantageous in that it can obviate an afterimage occurring when a plasma display panel is turned on and can prevent an erroneous discharge phenomenon and damage to elements by improving a driving apparatus of the plasma display panel.

Abstract: In the initializing period of each of sub-fields comprising one field, one of all-cell initializing operation and selective initializing operation is performed. The all-cell initializing operation causes initializing discharge in all the discharge cells for displaying an image. The selective initializing operation selectively causes initializing discharge only in the discharge cells subjected to sustaining discharge in the preceding sub-field. Provided in the all-cell initializing period is an abnormal charge erasing part in which application of a rectangular waveform voltage to the scan electrodes causes self-erasing discharge in the discharge cells having excessive wall voltage accumulated therein.

Abstract: A plasma display apparatus and a method of driving the same are disclosed. The plasma display apparatus includes a plurality of scan electrodes, a plurality of data electrodes, a scan driver and a data driver. The scan driver scans the plurality of scan electrodes during an address period in one scanning type of a plurality of scanning types having different scanning orders. Further, the scan driver supplies a scan signal, of which the duration of a voltage rising period is different from the duration of a voltage falling period, to the scan electrodes when scanning the scan electrodes. The data driver supplies a data signal to the data electrodes depending on the scanning type selected from the plurality of scanning types.

Abstract: A plasma display apparatus comprises a plasma display panel, a temperature detector and driver. The plasma display panel comprises a plurality of first electrodes and a plurality of second electrodes formed in parallel to each other. The temperature detector for detecting a temperature of the plasma display panel to output a temperature information signal. The driver which receives the temperature information signal from the temperature detector, and if the temperature of the plasma display panel is lower than a reference temperature, clamps a first sustain signal, which is supplied to at least one of the first electrodes and second electrodes, at a first clamping time, and if the temperature of the plasma display panel is higher than the reference temperature, clamps a second sustain signal, which is supplied to at least one of the first electrodes and the second electrodes, at a second clamping time different from the first clamping time.

Abstract: A panel driving method has, in one filed time period, an all-cell initializing subfield for causing initializing discharge in all discharge cells for displaying an image in the initializing period, and a selection initializing subfield for selectively causing initializing discharge in the discharge cell that has caused sustaining discharge in the last subfield in the initializing period. The number of all-cell initializing subfields can be increased and decreased, and the initializing voltage for causing initializing discharge in the all-cell initializing subfield can be varied. At least one of the number of all-cell initializing subfields and the initializing voltage of the all-cell initializing subfields in one field is controlled based on the accumulation of the panel power-on time.

Abstract: A plasma display device includes a plasma display panel provided with plural discharge cells each having discharge gas, a pair of sustain electrodes which generate sustain discharge, and a phosphor, and a driving circuit which applies a sustain pulse voltage between the pair of sustain electrodes for generating the sustain discharge. The sustain pulse voltage is formed of a first portion having a main portion of a first voltage Vp and a second portion succeeding the first portion in time and having a main portion of a second voltage Vs higher than the first voltage Vp, the sustain discharge is formed of a pre-discharge and a main discharge succeeding the pre-discharge in time, and the first voltage Vp is selected to satisfy Vpmin?Vp<Vs, where Vpmin is a minimum of the first voltage Vp which stabilizes the sustain discharge.

Abstract: In the PDP device, for example, two types of SF lighting patterns (A and B modes) are equally divided and arranged in spatially different regions in a field. For example, the patterns are arranged in a zigzag manner in units of pixels. At all lighting steps, existence of an absence of light-on SF which becomes a cause of false contour is permitted only in one mode. Accordingly, a generation rate of absence of light-on SF per field when the modes are combined is low, and the level of false contour can be reduced. Further, the spatial arrangement of each mode is optionally changed among the fields.

Abstract: An inputted picture signal is stored in an image memory into which a picture signal for at least one frame period can be written, while rewriting the memory. At a plurality of timings within one frame period, an average brightness calculation unit calculates an average brightness from the picture signal written into the image memory, and a brightness control unit performs brightness control of the picture signal read from the image memory based on the calculated average brightness.

Abstract: A technique capable of suppressing or preventing generation of flickers (blinks) by a sustain period control as well as capable of ensuring or enhancing display quality in a PDP device. The PDP device adjusts a sustain pulse of the sustain period for every subfield by selecting a combination of one or more than one cycle so that start and end timings of a field in fields before and after change are almost the same according to a display load ratio of the subfield of the field. Field weighted emission center positions then becomes almost the same, and flickers and the like are suppressed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a plasma display apparatus and driving method of the same. Since wall charges are remained without performing an additional erasing discharge after the sustain period is terminated and before the initiation of the reset period, the set up discharge can be generated with a small voltage during the reset period to obtain the margin of the driving voltage. In particular, since the highest voltage of the reset period during other subfields is lower than the highest voltage of the reset period of a subfield implementing a low gray scale, with inducing the half discharge before the set up discharge in other subfields, the set up discharge can be generated with a low voltage to improve the contrast due to the luminous output reduction.

Abstract: A plasma display apparatus comprises a plasma display panel and a first driver. The plasma display panel includes a first electrode and a second electrode. The first driver includes an inductor into which a current flows in a first direction before and after a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode rises from a negative polarity sustain voltage and into which a current flows in a second direction different from the first direction before and after the voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode falls from a positive polarity sustain voltage.

Abstract: One field is formed of a plurality of sub-fields, and each one of the sub-fields includes an initializing period, addressing period, and sustained period. The sub-field is one of an entire-cell initialization sub-field or a selective-cell initialization sub-field. When the entire initialization sub-field is switched to the selective one or vice versa, an initializing voltage which generates initializing discharge in the entire initialization sub-field is controlled. This control allows varying the number of the entire initializations and stabilizing address discharge in a plasma display panel, and at the same time, making the black luminance inconspicuous for improving the picture quality.

Abstract: A display apparatus (10) of the present invention is a display apparatus (10) including a display panel (11) including optical sensors (2); an illuminance detector section (14) for measuring, on the basis of an output from the optical sensor (2), an illuminance in a display area corresponding to the optical sensor (2); and a display luminance correcting section (19) for correcting, on the basis of the illuminances measured by the illuminance detector section (14), a display luminance in at least one of the display areas. The arrangement allows the display apparatus (10) to correct a luminance of a display image most appropriately for a user.

Abstract: A technique which enables improvement of luminance and reduction of consumption power in a sustain discharge driving of a four-electrode structure PDP, particularly, by devising driving method to Z electrodes. In this plasma display device, a sustain discharge by a method to apply a narrow pulse to the Z electrode and a method to apply a fixed potential to the Z electrode are switched according to a judgment of range of display load ratio in driving sustain discharge from a controller and driver to the PDP and used.

Abstract: A plasma display panel driving method and a plasma display device estimate the highest temperature and the lowest temperature the panel can have, according to the temperature detected by the thermal sensor, and appropriately drives the panel, to improve the image display quality. Provided are at least three driving modes having different sub-field structures: a low-temperature driving mode, an ordinary-temperature driving mode, and a high-temperature driving mode. To drive the panel, estimates of the highest temperature and the lowest temperature the panel can have are made from the temperature detected by the thermal sensor, the temperature condition of the panel is determined from the estimated highest temperature or lowest temperature, and the driving mode is switched appropriately for the panel temperature condition.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image display method that allows displaying a full range of gradation levels while reducing dynamic false contours. In this method, emission pattern information generation circuit in image display device that displays gradation by dividing a single field into a plurality of subfields and combining an emitted state and a non-emitted state for each subfield, generates plural pieces of emission pattern information so that an average emission rate becomes a given value or greater for any subfield with its brightness weight smaller than the maximum brightness weight of the subfield where its average emission rate is not zero. Further, dither generation circuit in image display device performs a time-averaging process and a space-averaging process for the plurality of pieces of emission pattern information.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a plasma display apparatus including a sustain driving apparatus that supplies a sustain signal to a panel. The plasma display apparatus includes a panel in which a front substrate having formed first and second electrodes therein and a rear substrate are coalesced, a sustain driver including a first switch for applying a first voltage to any one of the first and second electrodes and a second switch for applying a second voltage, and a circuit protection unit that controls one of the first and second switches, which has a voltage higher than a predetermined voltage, at its both ends, not to turn on. According to the present invention, when a voltage at both ends of the switch included in the sustain driving apparatus in order to supply the sustain signal is higher than a reference voltage, the switch is controlled not to turn on.

Abstract: A gas discharge panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate. A plurality of display electrode pairs which are each made up of a sustain electrode and a scan electrode are formed on the first substrate, and the first substrate and the second substrate are set facing each other with a plurality of barrier ribs in between so as to form a plurality of cells. In this gas discharge panel, at least one of the sustain electrode and the scan electrode includes: a plurality of line parts; and a discharge developing part which makes a gap between adjacent line parts smaller in areas corresponding to channels between adjacent barrier ribs than in areas corresponding to the barrier ribs.

Abstract: When performing the line-sequential addressing for setting the state of each of the cells arranged in rows and columns that constitute a display screen, discharge is generated that has intensity in accordance with display data corresponding to each of all cells belonging to the selected row for each selection of the row. Thus, the priming effect in the following discharge is generated.

Abstract: When performing the line-sequential addressing for setting the state of each of the cells arranged in rows and columns that constitute a display screen, discharge is generated that has intensity in accordance with display data corresponding to each of all cells belonging to the selected row for each selection of the row. Thus, the priming effect in the following discharge is generated.