Abstract: A method and structure are provided for implementing enhanced via creation without creating a via barrel stub. The need to backdrill vias during printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing is eliminated. After the vias have been drilled, but before plating, a plug is inserted into each via and the plug is lowered to a depth just below a desired signal trace layer. A thin anti-electroplate coating is applied onto the walls of the via below the signal trace. Then the plugs are removed and a standard board plating process for the PCB is performed.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display panel including forming an upper polarizing layer on an upper base film substrate, cutting the upper base film substrate on which the upper polarizing layer is formed, attaching a cover glass on the upper polarizing layer, forming a touch pattern on the upper base film substrate, forming an insulation layer on the upper base film substrate on which the touch pattern is formed, forming an upper alignment layer on the insulation layer, providing a lower substrate including a thin film transistor, a first electrode electrically connected to the thin film transistor, a second electrode overlapping the first electrode, a color filter overlapping the first electrode, and a lower alignment layer, and forming a liquid crystal layer between the lower substrate and an upper substrate.

Abstract: The invention relates to a touch sensor, an in-cell touch liquid crystal display panel and a liquid crystal display. The touch sensor includes a plurality of drive electrodes and a plurality of sense electrodes disposed in a same layer and intersecting each other. The drive electrodes occupy a first area and the sense electrodes occupy a second area different from the first area. Mutual capacitances are formed between the drive electrodes and the sense electrodes. The touch sensor further includes a plurality of virtual electrodes disposed in a third area that does not overlap the first and second areas.

Abstract: A line-sequential driving display that displays an image by exciting phosphor disposed on the rear surface of a face plate, transmitting light emitted from the excited phosphor through the face plate, and emitting the light from the front surface of the face plate. The display includes a light blocking layer disposed closer to the front surface of the face plate than the phosphor, the light blocking layer being configured to control the emission and non-emission of the light from the front surface on the basis of an electrical signal. Upon driving the line-sequential driving display, an area of the light blocking layer above a line-sequential driving selected line enters a light transmitting state and at least part of an area of the light blocking layer above a line-sequential driving unselected line enters a light blocking state.

Abstract: A plasma display device is provided. The plasma display device includes a plasma display panel (PDP) which includes an upper substrate on which a plurality of black matrices are formed; and an external light shielding sheet which is disposed at a front of the PDP and includes a base unit and a plurality of pattern units that are formed on the base unit and that have a lower refractive index than the base unit. A distance between a pair of adjacent black matrices is 4-12 times greater than a distance between a pair of adjacent pattern units. Therefore, it is possible for a plasma display device to effectively realize black images and enhance bright room contrast with the aid of an external light shielding sheet which is disposed at a front of a PDP and which absorbs and shields as much external light incident upon the PDP as possible.

Abstract: A driving method of a plasma display device according to an exemplary embodiment groups a plurality of address electrodes extending in a first direction into a plurality of groups, and logically divides each of the groups into a plurality of sub-groups. During a first period, a first pulse is sequentially applied to the plurality of groups, and a second pulse is sequentially applied to the plurality of sub-groups included in at least one of the plurality of groups during a second period following the first period. The first and second periods are address periods for sensing in a second direction crossing the first direction.

Abstract: A driving circuit applied in an electronic display apparatus is provided. The driving circuit includes a first exchange circuit and a first buffer. The first buffer includes first and second input stages, a second exchange circuit and first and second output stages. The first exchange circuit selectively couples a first input signal and a first output signal outputted from the first output stage to one of the first and the second input stages; and selectively couples a second input signal and a second output signal outputted from the second output stage to the other of the first and the second input stages. The second exchange circuit selectively couples the first input stage to one of the first and the second output stages and selectively couples the second input stage to the other of the first and the second output stages.

Abstract: The plasma display device has a display panel having first and second display electrodes and address electrodes, an electrode drive circuit, and a drive control circuit for controlling the electrode drive circuit. The drive control circuit performs a reset drive control, address drive control and sustain drive control in each subfield. The drive control circuit performs an all cell reset drive control which resets all cells in a first subfield out of the plurality of subfields, and an ON cell reset drive control which resets ON cells in a second subfield. At a first temperature T1, an ultimate potential of an slope pulse of the first display electrode is controlled to be a first potential in the ON cell reset drive control, and at a second temperature T2>T1, the ultimate potential is controlled to be a second potential higher than the first potential.

Abstract: A plasma display apparatus and method of driving the plasma display apparatus are described. The plasma display apparatus has a plasma display panel that has a first electrode, a second electrode, and a third electrode. The plasma display apparatus also includes a first driver, a second driver and a third driver. The first driver supplies to the first electrode a first signal that decreases gradually from a first voltage to a second voltage during a setdown period of a reset period. The third driver supplies to the third electrode a third signal that increases from a third voltage to a fourth voltage during the setdown period of the reset period.

Abstract: Visual artifact reduction method for a display comprising the use of gamma correction. Other artifact reduction methods can be used with gamma corrections including error diffusion, dithering, and center of light.

Abstract: A display element (10) includes an upper substrate (first substrate) (2), a lower substrate (second substrate) (3), and a conductive liquid (16) that is sealed in a display space (S) formed between the upper substrate (2) and the lower substrate (3) so as to be moved toward an effective display region (P1) or a non-effective display region (P2). The conductive liquid (16) is colored black. The non-effective display (P2) is defined by a black matrix (light-shielding layer) (11s) provided on the upper substrate (2), and the effective display region (P1) is defined by a color filter (aperture) (11r) formed in the black matrix (11s). The size of the black matrix (11s) is determined based on the size of each of ribs (14a, 14b) and a gap size (H) between the upper substrate (2) and the lower substrate (3).

Abstract: Subpixels on an electroluminescent (EL) display panel, such as an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) panel, are compensated for initial nonuniformity (“mura”) and for aging effects such as threshold voltage Vth shift, EL voltage Voled shift, and OLED efficiency loss. The drive current of each subpixel is measured at one or more measurement reference gate voltages to form status signals representing the characteristics of the drive transistor and EL emitter of those subpixels. Current measurements are taken in the linear region of drive transistor operation to improve signal-to-noise ratio in systems such as modern LTPS PMOS OLED displays, which have relatively small Voled shift over their lifetimes and thus relatively small current change due to channel-length modulation. Various sources of noise are also suppressed to further increase signal-to-noise ratio.

Abstract: A plasma display device and a method of driving the same, capable of reducing or preventing the deterioration of components such as a switching device, due to an overcurrent. In a reset period, in order to cause the voltage of a scan electrode to ramp down from a first voltage to a second voltage, a panel driver includes a falling ramp switch that repeats turn-on/turn-off operations, alternately coupling and de-coupling a low-level power supply to the scan electrode, resulting in a gradually falling ramp waveform. A switch controller generates a switching pulse to control the falling ramp switch. Each turn-on time of the switching pulse for the initial falling ramp waveform following a power-on of the plasma display device is controlled to be shorter than each turn-on time of the switching pulse for other falling ramp waveform.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device in which a touch panel is embedded in a liquid crystal panel, which reduces the number of processes and eases assembly. The liquid crystal display device includes first and second substrates opposite each other, a thin film transistor array formed on the first substrate, a touch sensing part formed on the second substrate including a plurality of transparent X electrodes, a plurality of transparent Y electrodes orthogonally intersecting each other and a first transparent insulating film between the X electrodes and the Y electrodes, a color filter array formed on the touch sensing part, and a liquid crystal layer formed between the thin film transistor array and the color filter array.

Abstract: In a plasma display panel, a sustain discharge pulse voltage is applied to the scan or sustain electrodes while the address electrode is biased with a ground voltage, and a negative assistant pulse voltage is applied to an electrode that is not receiving the sustain discharge pulse. At least a part of a period for applying the negative assistant pulse is positioned prior to a period of applying the sustain discharge pulse. Discharge efficiency can be improved by applying the negative assistant voltage to the sustain electrode when the sustain discharge is applied to the scan electrode across a long discharge gap.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a plasma display apparatus and driving method thereof. The plasma display apparatus according to the present invention comprises a Plasma Display Panel (PDP), an energy storage part for recovering energy from the PDP, and an energy supply and recovery controller that forms a current path so that the energy storage part can be charged or discharged. In the energy supply and recovery controller, a reference bias voltage is a negative voltage. The driving method of the plasma display apparatus according to the present invention comprises the steps of supplying energy to the PDP, and maintaining a reference bias voltage of a recovery switch part to a negative voltage when an energy storage part recovers energy from the PDP.

Abstract: A display device where a reverse driving voltage can be applied to a light-emitting element at regular intervals in order to insulate a short-circuit portion, thereby prolonging the life of the light-emitting element. A short-circuit portion is burnt out by providing a period for supplying a forward voltage or current to a light-emitting element, and a period for supplying a reverse voltage or current thereto. AC drive is performed only before mounting an AC driver circuit on an electronic appliance, and it is not performed after the mounting. Accordingly, the number of components in an electronic appliance can be reduced as well as the cost reduction of the components can be achieved.

Abstract: A multi-gray-scale image display method and apparatus for displaying a multi-gray-scale image on a PDP by diffusing, as an error, a part of gray scale data representing an input image requiring more than a gray scale resolution of the PDP to a target pixel from different adjacent pixels in a scanning direction according to a diffusion factor corresponding to each pixel. A determination is made whether the target pixel to which the error is diffused from the adjacent pixels is positioned in an upper line of the whole image represented by the data. The diffusion factor is set such that it determines the error diffused from an adjacent pixel differently when the target pixel to which the error is diffused from the adjacent pixel is positioned in the upper line of the whole image.

Abstract: A color filter substrate for a liquid crystal display (LCD) includes a substrate having a non-pixel region and a pixel region, a black matrix and a light blocking color filter layered in the non-pixel region, and a color filter arranged in the pixel region. The light blocking color filter may be formed simultaneously with the color filter, and may include color filter material having light blocking properties at various wavelengths to supplement the light blocking properties of the black matrix. The light blocking color filter occupies a portion of the non-pixel region and has a thickness so that the black matrix in the non-pixel region may have a thickness that is less than a thickness of the color filter arranged in the pixel region.

Abstract: A plasma display panel (PDP) includes first and second substrates provided in opposition to one another, address electrodes formed on the first substrate, barrier ribs mounted between the first and second substrates so as to define a plurality of discharge cells, phosphor layers formed in the discharge cells, first and second electrodes formed on the second substrate, and third electrodes mounted between the first and second electrodes at positions corresponding to the discharge cells. The first and second electrodes are positioned further from the second substrate than the third electrodes, and a spacing is provided between the first and second electrodes. A method for driving the PDP includes (a) applying a reset waveform to the third electrodes during a reset interval, (b) applying a scan pulse to the third electrodes during an address interval, and (c) applying a sustain discharge voltage alternately to the first and second electrodes during a sustain discharge interval.

Abstract: A plasma display panel and a driving method thereof. In the plasma display panel, Y electrodes are divided into a plurality of groups according to a scanning order and a final reset voltage is established to be different for each group. The plasma display panel includes a panel including a plurality of first electrodes and second electrodes, a plurality of selection circuits that are respectively coupled to the plurality of the first electrodes, and a driving circuit coupled to the second terminals of the selection circuits. The driving circuit includes a transistor which allows the voltage at the first electrodes to be reduced in a ramp style in a reset period.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a display unit including a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of signal lines, a scanning unit that sequentially scans lines corresponding to the plurality of signal lines, a memory circuit that stores video data based on a scanning signal from the scanning unit, and a selection circuit, to which signals formed of two values are supplied, that selects one of the signals formed of the two values based on the video data stored in the memory circuit and supplies the selected signal to one of the plurality of the signal lines as a video signal.

Abstract: In an aspect of the present invention, a liquid crystal display apparatus includes: a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel; and an LCD driver. The LCD driver includes: a first memory having a capacity more than a capacity of image data for one frame and configured to receive the image data externally to store therein; a second memory; an overdrive processing circuit configured to compress the image data read out from the first memory to generate a compressed image data, write the generated compressed image data in the second memory, and perform an overdrive process based on the image data of a current frame read out from the first memory and the compressed image data of a previous read out from the second memory to generate a post-process image data; and a data line driving section configured to drive data lines of the LCD panel in response to the post-process image data.

Abstract: A device includes a substrate including a first insulating substrate, a first electrode located on the first insulating substrate, and a second electrode located between the first insulating substrate and the first electrode via an insulating underlayer interposed between the second and the first electrode, a substrate including a second insulating substrate and a third electrode on the second insulating substrate, a liquid crystal layer which is held between the first and the third electrode and which exhibits a transition from a first state to a second state in an initializing process, and a voltage supply unit which supplies, a first voltage to the first and the second electrodes and a second voltage to the third electrode, wherein the first electrode includes a transition nucleus forming section which forms nuclei of the transition in the liquid crystal layer on the basis of the respective voltages supplied to the respective electrodes.

Abstract: A plasma display panel and an imaging device realize a high luminous efficiency, a long lifetime and stable driving. The plasma display panel uses a discharge-gas mixture containing at least Xe, Ne and He. A Xe proportion of the discharge-gas mixture is in a range of from 2% to 20%, a He proportion of the discharge-gas mixture is in a range of from 15% to 50%, the He proportion is greater than the Xe proportion, and a total pressure of the discharge-gas mixture is in a range of from 400 Torr to 550 Torr. A width of a voltage pulse to be applied to an electrode serving as an address electrode is 2 ?s or less.

Abstract: A plasma display device is provided. The plasma display device includes: a chassis base having a first side and a second side; a plasma display panel on the first side of the chassis base; a first circuit unit on the second side of the chassis base, and the first circuit unit including first electrodes; a second circuit unit electrically connected to electrodes that are drawn out from the plasma display panel, and the second circuit unit including second electrodes; and an anisotropic conductive film interposed between the first and second electrodes for electrically connecting the first electrodes to the second electrodes, wherein the anisotropic conductive film covers the second electrodes and extends to ends of the second electrodes. Accordingly, moisture penetrating into the plasma display device is reduced or prevented to avoid a short circuit and protect various terminals.

Abstract: An apparagraph and method of driving a plasma display panel that enables the display of an image wherein contour noise is minimized and that prevents flickering mal-discharge and mis-discharge when the plasma display panel is being driven at high/low temperature is provided. The method includes detecting a drive temperature of a panel, mapping data using a first sub-field pattern mapping when the panel is driven at a low temperature or a high temperature, and mapping the data using a second sub-field pattern mapping different from the first sub-field pattern mapping when the panel is driven at a temperature between the low temperature and the high temperature.

Abstract: In a circuit driving a capacitive load Cp, current passed through a transistor Q3, a diode D1 and a recovering coil L is passed through lines L1, L2, and the inductance components of the lines L1 and L2, and the drain-source capacitances of the transistors Q1 and Q2 generate LC resonance. Capacitors C1 and C2 are connected in parallel to the drain-source regions of the transistors Q1 and Q2 to increase the total drain-source capacitance and reduce the resonance frequency, so that unwanted electromagnetic wave radiation in a frequency band affecting other electronic devices is suppressed.

Abstract: A display device having a display matrix (m+2x by n+2x) including an active, e.g., controllable, pixel border located around the edge locations of a frame buffer matrix for improved character viewability. The border can be several pixels wide, e.g., 1<x<5. In one embodiment, the border is two pixels wide and surrounds a liquid crystal display (LCD) matrix area having (m×n) pixels that are controlled by a frame buffer memory. In one embodiment, the pixels of the border are active pixels and each contain a red, a green and a blue subpixel. The pixel border is useful for increasing viewability, e.g., contrast, of characters that are displayed along the edge of the LCD matrix area in a frame buffer region. The invention includes a border attribute register for containing a color attribute and a brightness attribute, in one embodiment.

Abstract: The method and apparatus for displaying an image using liquid generate a segment fluid row, in which plural liquid masses each of which includes first liquid having at least one predetermined coloring matter and are separated from each other are arranged in a row shape, by sequentially and intermittently supplying predetermined amounts of the first liquid in accordance with image information of a desired image to be displayed to a flow path provided in accordance with an image display region for image displaying; and display the desired image in the image display region with the first liquid by causing the generated segment fluid row to move to a predetermined position of said flow path.

Abstract: In a three-electrode AC plasma display panel, a plurality of X electrodes (22) and a plurality of Y electrodes (23) are alternately arranged parallel to each other on one of two, front and rear insulating substrates (20, 21) opposing each other, and a plurality of data electrodes (29) are arranged on the other insulating substrate to cross the X and Y electrodes (22, 23) at right angles. In this panel, cell separation partition walls (33) are arranged on the front insulating substrate, on which the X and Y electrodes (22, 23) are arranged, along the X and Y electrodes (22, 23). In a driving method for the three-electrode AC plasma display panel, progressive display is performed depending on whether discharge simultaneously occurs between all the adjacent pairs of X and Y electrodes (22, 23).

Abstract: A device for driving capacitive light emitting elements includes a plurality of electrical charge recovery switches that send a current corresponding with an electrical charge, which has accumulated in a capacitor, individually to a plurality of drive electrodes connected to the respective capacitive light emitting elements. The electrical charge recovery switches also supply a current corresponding with the electrical charge that has accumulated in each of the capacitive light emitting elements to the capacitor individually via each of the drive electrodes. The driver device also includes a plurality of output buffers that apply a pixel-data-dependent voltage to the drive electrodes. It is determined, for each drive electrode, whether the voltage of the drive electrode has shifted from a high voltage to a low voltage or from a low voltage to a high voltage on the basis of the pixel data.

Abstract: An image of each field displayed on a plasma display panel corresponding to input image signals is divided into sub-fields of different weights, the sub-fields being divided into two continuous sub-field groups having a different weighting value, and in which the weighting values of the sub-fields combine to display grays. The method includes generating original grays; determining a diffusion filter value; generating final grays by applying the diffusion filter value to the original grays; generating gray data corresponding to the final grays, the gray data being distributed over the two sub-field groups; and displaying an image on the PDP according to the gray data. The disclosed method and system reduce flicker and contour noise and other display problems associated with the display of 50 Hz Phase Alternating by Line image signals.

Abstract: A plasma display device having display electrode pairs and providing improved luminance and light emission efficiency of display discharges with reduced variations of the luminance and light emission efficiency thereof resulting from variations of a display load. A discharge is generated by applying an offset drive voltage that is higher than a sustain voltage applied to the display electrode pair, and applying the sustain voltage for a constant period after dropping the applied voltage from an offset drive voltage to the sustain voltage after generating the display discharge. The drive output state is set to a low impedance state at least during a time period from the start of applying the offset drive voltage until the applied voltage drops to the sustain voltage.

Abstract: A multi-gray-scale image display method and apparatus for displaying a multi-gray-scale image on a PDP by diffusing, as an error, a part of gray scale data representing an input image requiring more than a gray scale resolution of the PDP to a target pixel from different adjacent pixels in a scanning direction according to a diffusion factor corresponding to each pixel. A determination is made whether the target pixel to which the error is diffused from the adjacent pixels is positioned in an upper line of the whole image represented by the data. The diffusion factor is set such that it determines the error diffused from an adjacent pixel differently when the target pixel to which the error is diffused from the adjacent pixel is positioned in the upper line of the whole image.

Abstract: A method for driving a display panel which enables changing of the refresh rate, without degrading display quality, of a display panel employing the matrix display scheme for carrying out gray-scale drive by using the sub-field method. By the method, the number of sub-fields to be executed within a unit display period is changed in response to the vertical synchronization frequency of an input video signal.

Abstract: Scanning electrodes are shared between adjacent display lines. Sustaining electrodes are disposed between the scanning electrodes by two. The sustaining electrodes form display lines by gaps with adjacent scanning electrodes. The sustaining electrodes are separated into a first sustaining electrode group in which a plurality of sustaining electrodes disposed at the one side of the scanning electrode are commonly connected and a second sustaining electrode group in which a plurality of sustaining electrodes disposed at the other side of the scanning electrode are commonly connected to be independently driven.

Abstract: A method of driving a plasma display panel showing images having frames composed of odd and even fields. The plasma display panel has scan electrodes and address electrodes perpendicular to the scan electrodes. In the method, first the odd and then the even scan electrodes, or vice versa, are addressed in the frame and subsequently sustained. This method saves time, which may be used to speed up the plasma display device.

Abstract: A practical-purpose structure of an active-matrix display device digitally driven with vertical scanning being multiplexed includes a vertical driver having sequential circuits and logic circuits provided on a bit-by-bit basis and arranged for adding sequentially products of outputs of the sequential circuit/logic circuit and a control signal for dividing a horizontal scanning period, and a horizontal driver having line latches provided on a bit-by-bit basis and arranged for adding sequentially products of outputs of the line latches and the control signal for dividing the horizontal scanning period. Enhanced luminance of display, manufacturing at low cost and high image quality can be realized with a reasonable wiring density.

Abstract: Disclosed is a configuration of a PDP in which different sustaining discharge signals are applied to odd-numbered ones of X electrodes and Y electrodes and even-numbered ones thereof respectively. Owing to the configuration, the wiring in a drive circuit for driving the X electrodes or Y electrodes is simplified, and a scan driver can be formed with an IC or ICs. A plasma display device has a display panel including first to third electrodes. Sustaining discharge signals that are mutually out of phase are applied alternately to adjoining ones of the first electrodes and adjoining ones of the second electrodes respectively. Consequently, first display cells are defined between the second electrodes and the first electrodes on one side of the second electrodes, and second display cells are defined between the second electrodes and the first electrodes on the other side of the second electrodes.

Abstract: In a plasma display panel, red, green, and blue pixels have the same voltage range for write discharges. The red, the green, and the blue pixels have first, second, and third data electrodes, respectively, covered with an insulating film. A red fluorescent substance layer is formed on the insulating film over the first data electrode. A green fluorescent substance layer is formed on the insulating film over the second data electrode. A blue fluorescent substance layer is formed on the insulating film over the third data electrode. The green fluorescent substance is smaller than both of the red and the blue fluorescent substance layers in thickness.

Abstract: In an address-while-display (AWD) driving method in which addressing and sustaining are simultaneously performed, a plasma display panel (PDP) is driven with an automatic power control function for reducing power consumption when there are lots of ON pixels over the entire PDP, that is, the brightness of the screen of the PDP is higher than a predetermined level. In the PDP driving method, in order to suppress power consumption for maintaining a bright state of the screen, discharge sustain pulses at respective sub-fields for implementing gray scale display of each frame are invalidated using erase pulses in a constant ratio for each sub-field, while all the video signals applied in the form of the AWD driving waveforms are continuously applied to the respective frame periods in which all the video signals are displayed without interruption, that is, irrespective of whether discharge is performed.

Abstract: A PALC panel is operated by increasing the voltage between the channel electrodes to a firing voltage to create a plasma in the channel, reducing the voltage between the channel electrodes to a sustaining voltage to sustain the plasma for an interval during which a selected drive voltage is applied to the data drive electrode to establish an electric field in the layer of electro-optic material, and reducing the voltage between the channel electrodes to a bias voltage, which is insufficient to sustain the plasma but provides an electric field having a component parallel to the cover sheet in the layer of electro-optic material.

Abstract: A plasma display panel has a plurality of first and second sustain electrodes, a plurality of address electrodes which intersect with the sustain electrodes to form a pixel at every intersection. In the method, an address period is provided, in which data pulses are applied to the address electrodes, and scanning pulses are applied to the second sustain electrodes, thereby selecting lighted pixels and unlighted pixels. A discharge sustaining period is provided, in which discharge sustaining pulses are alternately applied to the first and second sustain electrodes so as to sustain the lighted and unlighted pixels. An offset voltage having the same polarity as the data pulse is applied to the address electrodes in the discharge sustaining period.

Abstract: A projection display apparatus includes a scrambler for making a distribution of light intensity uniform and a Fresnel lens positioned between the scrambler and a lamp, for converting the light incident from the lamp into light parallel to the optical axis of the scrambler. The angle of divergence of the light emerging from the scrambler is reduced by means of the Fresnel lens. Accordingly, the angle of divergence of the light incident to the LCD panel also becomes small. Thus, the light incident to the surface of each pixel in the LCD panel increases, with a result that contrast increases and resolution heightens to improve picture quality. Also, as the angle of divergence of the light at the incident side of the LCD panel decreases, the aperture of the projection lens positioned in front of the LCD panel also decreases which enables the whole optical system to be compact and lowers production cost.

Abstract: A plasma display device is capable of controlling the brightness of the entire image on a screen over a wide range without impairing a predetermined number of display gradations determined by the dynamic range of an A/D converter, an analogue input circuit and the like. For this purpose, the plasma display device is provided with means for changing the discharge condition (number of discharge pulses, discharge voltage, discharge voltage waveform and the like) during priming discharging, which is effected for initialization, in accordance with the brightness control to control the brightness of light emission during image display.