Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for manufacturing a display device in which unevenness generated under a light-emitting element does not impart an adverse effect on the light-emitting element. It is another object of the invention to provide a method for manufacturing a display device in which penetration of water into the inside of the display device through a film having high moisture permeability can be suppressed without increasing processing steps considerably. A display device of the present invention comprises a thin film transistor and a light-emitting element, the light-emitting element including a light-emitting laminated body interposed between a first electrode and a second electrode; wherein the first electrode is formed over an insulating film formed over the thin film transistor; and wherein a planarizing film is formed in response to the first electrode between the first electrode and the insulating film.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head in the present disclosure provided with a first channel member including a first surface, a plurality of ejection ports in the first surface, a plurality of pressurizing chambers which are individually communicated with the plurality of ejection ports, and a second surface on the opposite side to the first surface; a pressurizing member on the second surface; and a second channel member including a third surface, a fourth surface on the opposite side to the third surface, a raised part which protrudes from the fourth surface, and a first through hole in the raised part. The second channel member is provided on a region in the second surface of the first channel member, in which the pressurizing member is not arranged. When viewed on a plane, an outer circumference of the raised part is located on inner side from an outer circumference of the fourth surface.

Abstract: An actuator device includes: an actuator including piezoelectric elements arranged in a first direction and first contacts arranged in the first direction; a protector including a first wall opposed to the piezoelectric elements and a second wall coupled to the first wall and joined to a region of the actuator at which the first contacts are disposed; first connection terminals disposed on the first; and first through electrodes formed in the second wall to bring the first contacts and the first connection terminals into conduction with each other. A distance between two of the first through electrodes which respectively correspond to two of the piezoelectric elements which are adjacent to each other in the first direction is greater than a distance in the first direction between the two of the piezoelectric elements which are adjacent to each other in the first direction.

Abstract: An ejection device includes a tile made of a material having a first coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). The tile carries a chip that forms a plurality of ejection units and is in thermal contact with the tile. The chip is mainly made of a material having a second CTE different from the first CTE, wherein each ejection unit is capable of ejecting droplets of a liquid and comprises a pressure chamber and a flexible wall delimiting the pressure chamber. The flexible wall has a deformation compliancy that depends upon at least one mechanical design parameter of the chip. In operation at a temperature different from room temperature, the ejection units have uniform ejection properties, while the compliancies of the flexible walls of at least two of the ejection units are different from one another at room temperature.

Abstract: There is provided a head unit including: a first board; a driving module, and a second board; and a flexible wiring board which connects the first board and the second board to each other, in which the flexible wiring board includes a first wiring layer, a second wiring layer which opposes the first wiring layer, a first output terminal which is connected to a first end of the driving element, a second output terminal which is connected to a second end of the driving element, a first wiring which is connected to the first output terminal, a second wiring which is connected to the second output terminal, and a through-hole which connects the first wiring layer and the second wiring layer, in which the second wiring is provided on the second wiring layer, and in which the second wiring and the second output terminal are connected to each other.

Abstract: A liquid circulation device includes a circulation path through which a liquid circulates through a liquid ejection head, a first pump in the circulation path on a first side of the liquid ejection head, a second pump in the circulation path on a second side of the liquid ejection head, an adjustment tank in the circulation path between the first pump and the second pump, an upstream tank in the circulation path between the liquid ejection head and the first pump, a downstream tank in the circulation path between the liquid ejection head and the second pump, a first pressure sensor configured to detect a pressure in the upstream tank, a second pressure sensor configured to detect a pressure in the downstream tank, and a controller configured to control the first and second pumps based on detected pressures in the upstream and downstream tanks.

Abstract: Liquid ejection head includes a substrate, a piezoelectric element provided on the substrate, an ejection port forming member provided on the substrate carrying the piezoelectric element. The ejection port forming member has an ejection port and forms a pressure chamber with the substrate. A first thin film is arranged between the substrate and the piezoelectric element to produce a space between the substrate and the first thin film. A second thin film is arranged on the piezoelectric element. The first thin film is arranged so as not to contact the lateral (edge) surface of the piezoelectric element and has a higher rigidity than the second thin film.

Abstract: A method of wiping a plurality of printheads positioned in a staggered overlapping arrangement across a width of a media feed path, each printhead having a respective wiper associated therewith. The wipers for neighboring printheads are moved in opposite directions with respect to each other.

Abstract: A ink jet print head includes an actuator substrate having an ink flow path including a pressure chamber, a movable membrane forming layer including a movable membrane disposed on the pressure chamber and defining a ceiling surface portion of the pressure chamber, a piezoelectric element formed on the movable membrane and including a lower electrode, a piezoelectric film formed on the lower electrode and an upper electrode formed on the piezoelectric film, with the pressure chamber, the movable membrane and the upper electrode having a rectangular shape elongated in one direction in plan view as viewed from a direction normal to the movable membrane, the lower electrode including a main electrode section constituting the piezoelectric element and an extension section extending from the main electrode section along a surface of the movable membrane forming layer, and a dimension measuring pattern related to the pressure chamber.

Abstract: A display panel according to various embodiments comprises: a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other; a first pad and a second pad between the first substrate and the second substrate at an end of the first substrate; a first connection electrode on a side face of the first pad and a second connection electrode on a side face of the second pad; an insulating layer disposed on a top face of the first substrate and disposed on at least a portion of a top face of the first and second pads; and at least one spread prevention hole in the insulating layer between the first and second pads.

Abstract: A piezoelectric element includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a thin piezoelectric layer. The thin piezoelectric layer is provided between the first electrode and the first electrode, and is formed of a perovskite type compound oxide which contains potassium, sodium, and niobium. In the piezoelectric layer, in an X-ray diffraction pattern obtained by ??2? measurement, peaks derived from a (002) plane and a (200) plane are provided in a range in which 2? is from 45° to 47°, a peak position of the peak on a high angle side among the peaks satisfies 46.0°?2??46.5°, and a difference of 2? between the peak on the high angle side and the peak on a low angle side is greater than 0.60°.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head includes an ejection port to eject liquid, a pressure chamber communicating with the ejection port, and a piezoelectric element to pressurize the pressure chamber and eject from the ejection port, the liquid stored in the pressure chamber. At least a part of a wall portion defining the pressure chamber includes a portion where vibration characteristics are different between a pressurized state in which the pressure chamber is pressurized by the piezoelectric element and a depressurized state in which the pressure chamber is depressurized by ejecting the liquid from the ejection port and stopping pressurization to the pressure chamber, and the portion having different vibration characteristics is adapted to reduce pressure fluctuation in the pressure chamber in the depressurized state.

Abstract: An inkjet printhead includes a two-dimensional array of drop ejectors arranged as a plurality of columns, each column including a plurality of banks, and each bank including a plurality of groups that each include a plurality of drop ejectors. The drop ejectors in each group are substantially aligned along a first direction. The groups in each bank are spaced from each other along the first direction and are offset from each other along a second direction. The banks in each column are spaced from each other along the first direction and are offset from each other along the second direction. The columns are offset from each other along the second direction. The two-dimensional array has a width W along the first direction and a length L greater than W along the second direction. Each drop ejector includes a nozzle, an ink inlet, a pressure chamber and an actuator.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head according to the present invention includes a flow passage member and a plurality of pressurizing sections. The flow passage member includes a plurality of discharge holes, a plurality of pressurizing chambers respectively connected to the plurality of the discharge holes, a plurality of first flow passages respectively connected to the plurality of the pressurizing chambers to supply liquid to the plurality of the pressurizing chambers, a plurality of second flow passages respectively connected to the plurality of the pressurizing chambers to collect the liquid from the plurality of the pressurizing chambers, and a plurality of third flow passages respectively connected to the pressurizing chambers to supply the liquid to the pressurizing chambers. A plurality of the pressurizing sections respectively pressurizes the plurality of the pressurizing chambers.

Abstract: A droplet discharge head includes a plurality of discharge orifices, a plurality of pressure generation chambers, a supply liquid chamber, a plurality of supply channels, a circulation liquid chamber, and a plurality of circulation channels. The discharge orifices discharge droplets. The pressure generation chambers are communicated with the discharge orifices, to apply pressure to liquid in the pressure generation chambers. The supply liquid chamber stores liquid to be supplied to the pressure generation chambers. The supply channels are communicated with the pressure generation chambers. The circulation liquid chamber receives liquid collected from the pressure generation chambers. The circulation channels communicate the pressure generation chambers with the circulation liquid chamber.

Abstract: System and method for detecting the presence and type of capacitive load that may be coupled to a power driver. The system includes a detection circuit to determine the presence and type of load based on a measured characteristic of the load in response to a drive voltage. The characteristic may be the load capacitance as measured by the current flow between the driver and load. The circuit may include a differential amplifier to generate a current-related voltage, comparators to generate pulses when the voltage exceeds respective thresholds, registers to output logic levels in response to the comparators, and a microcontroller to make the determination based on the logic levels. Alternatively, the circuit includes a differential amplifier to generate a current-related voltage, a rectifier to rectify the voltage, a peak and hold circuit to hold the peak voltage, an ADC to digitize the peak voltage, and a microcontroller to make its determination based on the digitized voltage.

Abstract: An electrostatic coating device comprising a nozzle section that discharges a liquid to a substrate, a counter electrode that is disposed in such a way as to face the nozzle section and supports the substrate and a power source device that applies a voltage between the nozzle section and the counter electrode further comprises an instantaneous stop circuit that selectively grounds the nozzle section. When the nozzle section is grounded by the instantaneous stop circuit, a charge remaining in the nozzle section goes to the ground and the charge remaining in the nozzle section disappears. For this reason, after the power source device is turned off, dripping of the liquid from the nozzle section can be completed as quickly as possible.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a piezoelectric element includes forming an adhesive layer of a lead electrode on a piezoelectric element main body of a vibration plate, forming a metallic layer of the lead electrode on the adhesive layer, removing the metallic layer to leave the adhesive layer in a portion that corresponds to an extended electrode of the lead electrode using etching, patterning the remaining adhesive layer as individual extended electrodes that correspond to the piezoelectric element main body using etching, joining a protective substrate onto the vibration plate in a state in which the piezoelectric element main body is accommodated inside an accommodation hollow section and the extended electrode is positioned further on an outer side of the vibration plate than the protective substrate, layering and forming a section of the wiring on the protective substrate and the extended electrode, and patterning the wiring as individual wiring for each extended electrode using etching.

Abstract: A method of aligning a first image on a first side of a medium and a second image on a second side of a medium, the first side and the second side facing away from each other, includes using an imaging device for printing the first image and a discrimination feature including a discriminatory edge perpendicular to an alignment direction in a coordinate system of the medium on a first side of the medium while controlling the position of the medium with respect to a coordinate system of the imaging device based on a first set of feed parameters and using the imaging device for printing the second image and a plurality of features on the second side of the medium while controlling the position of the medium in the coordinate system of the imaging device based on a second set of feed parameters, the plurality of features including a first feature, a second feature and a third feature.

Abstract: An electromechanical transducer element includes a lower electrode, an electromechanical transducer film of a piezoelectric material, and an upper electrode which are laminated. A diffraction intensity peak profile of the film obtained by measurement in which a tilt angle is changed in a position where diffraction intensity of a peak profile corresponding to a {200} plane among peak profiles of the film obtained by measurement according to an X-ray diffraction ?-2? method is the maximum can be separated into three peak profiles. When peak intensities of the peak profiles are set to peak1, peak2, and peak3 and half-value widths of the peak profiles are set to ?1, ?2, and ?3, a weighted average FWHMstd(?) of the peak intensities using the half-value widths as weights (=(?1×peak1+?2×peak2+?3×peak3)/(peak1+peak2+peak3)) is equal to or less than 12°.

Abstract: An ink jet printing method includes attaching an ink composition to a cloth by using a printer head which has a nozzle discharging the ink composition, a pressure chamber for imparting pressure to the ink composition to cause the nozzle to discharge the ink composition, and a connection portion connecting the pressure chamber and the nozzle, and in which a distance of the connection portion is 500 ?m or more, the distance of the connection portion being from a portion of the pressure chamber where the ink flows out from a pressure chamber to the nozzle side to the nozzle, in which the ink composition includes the resin as a solid content in the amount of 10% by mass to 26% by mass with respect to the ink composition, the ratio of the total content of the organic solvent to the total content of the solid content of the resin is 0.3 or more, and a sum of the total content of the solid content of the resin and the total content of the organic solvent is 37% by mass or less with respect to the ink composition.

Abstract: A piezoelectric element includes a plurality of individual electrodes, a piezoelectric layer formed on each of individual electrodes, and a common electrode which is formed on the piezoelectric layer and is an electrode common to the individual electrodes. Further, a protection film covering a region, which is not covered by the common electrode on the individual electrode, is provided.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes: a plurality of pressure generating chambers communicating with nozzles through which a liquid is ejected; a manifold communicating with the plurality of pressure generating chambers; a flexible member that has a surface on one side which defines at least a part of a wall of the manifold, that has a surface on the other side, on which an adhesive layer is formed, and that has a compliance region, which is able to perform deflection in response to pressure fluctuation in the manifold, in a region in which the adhesive layer is formed; a compliance space disposed on a side opposite to the manifold through the flexible member; a cap member facing the flexible member through the compliance space; and a frame-like member that is disposed between the flexible member and the cap member and has a cantilever, in which the cantilever is fixed to at least a part of the flexible member of the compliance region and has an unfixed region which is not fixed to the cap member on the distal end

Abstract: A fluid pump comprising one or two cavities which, in use, contains a fluid to be pumped, the chamber or chambers having a substantially cylindrical shape bounded by first and second end walls and a side wall; an actuator which, in use, causes oscillatory motion of the first end wall(s) in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane of the first end wall(s); and whereby, in use, these axial oscillations of the end walls drive radial oscillations of the fluid pressure in the main cavity; and wherein an isolator forms at least a portion of the first end wall between the actuator and the side wall and includes conductive tracks, wherein electrical connection is made to the actuator via the conductive tracks included within the isolator.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head is configured to achieve decrease in temperature difference in the liquid discharge head, and includes a recording device including the liquid discharge head. The liquid discharge head includes a channel member having a plurality of discharge holes, a plurality of pressurization chambers, and a plurality of common channels, and a plurality of pressurizing parts. The plurality of common channels extends in a first direction and configures a common channel group aligned in a second direction crossing the first direction, the common channels are connected with the plurality of pressurization chambers disposed along the common channels among the plurality of pressurization chambers, and the channel member is disposed outside, in the second direction, with respect to the common channel group, and further includes a first end channel extending in the first direction, and the first end channel is lower in channel resistance than the common channels.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes: a nozzle plate provided with nozzle openings; an actuator unit including a flow channel formation substrate in which pressure generation chambers are provided and piezoelectric actuators that cause a change in the pressure of the liquid within respective pressure generation chambers; a communication substrate in which communication channels that communicate between the pressure generation chambers and corresponding nozzle openings are provided; a first case member that is a frame member affixed to the communication substrate so that the actuator unit is disposed within the first case member and that, along with the actuator unit, forms a manifold that holds the liquid to be supplied to the pressure generation chambers; and a second case member that is affixed to the first case member and in which is formed an introduction channel that sends the liquid from the exterior to the manifold.

Abstract: A piezoelectric device includes a piezoelectric layer, a first moisture resistant layer, and a second moisture resistant layer stacked in this order. The first moisture resistant layer has a flexibility higher than that of the second moisture resistant layer, and the second moisture resistant layer has a moisture permeability lower than that of the first moisture resistant layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for coating a surface (44), in particular a microstructured surface, of a component (55) comprising different materials, in particular glass and silicon, wherein the surface (44) is first activated and then coated, wherein an oxidising solution, a basic solution or an acid-oxidising solution is used to activate the surface (44).

Abstract: A liquid ejection head is provided. The liquid ejection head includes at least two nozzle lines configured to have a plurality of nozzles for ejecting liquid disposed in respective lines, a plurality of individual liquid chambers configured to be in communication with corresponding nozzles of the nozzle lines, and at least two circulation channels corresponding to the nozzle lines, configured to be in communication with the individual liquid chambers. The at least two circulation channels are in communication with each other through a bridging channel disposed in a direction intersecting with the nozzle line direction, and the bridging channel and the circulation channels are disposed at different positions in a thickness direction of a member which forms the bridging channel and the circulation channels.

Abstract: A light-emitting ceramic that contains, as a major component thereof, a pyrochlore compound represented by ABOw, wherein A includes at least one element selected from the group consisting of La, Y, Gd, Yb and Lu, B includes Bi and at least one element selected from the group consisting of Zr, Sn and Hf, and W is a positive number.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes a nozzle plate, a substrate, a diaphragm, and a piezoelectric element. The nozzle plate includes a nozzle from which liquid is discharged. The substrate is disposed on the nozzle plate and includes a pressure chamber communicating with the nozzle. The diaphragm is disposed on a first side of the substrate opposite a second side of the substrate on which the nozzle plate is disposed, the diaphragm constituting one wall of the pressure chamber. The piezoelectric element is disposed on the diaphragm to deform the diaphragm to discharge liquid in the pressure chamber from the nozzle. The piezoelectric element includes a first electrode, a piezoelectric film, and a second electrode. The first electrode is disposed on the diaphragm. The piezoelectric film is disposed on the first electrode.

Abstract: An example provides a plurality of nozzles; a common fluid supply channel in fluid communication with the plurality of nozzles and a compressible material forming, at least in part, a compressible wall of the common fluid supply channel, wherein the compressible wall has a volume and wherein the volume changes in response to changes in pressure in the common fluid supply channel.

Abstract: An electromechanical transducer element includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and a piezoelectric material. The piezoelectric material is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and deformable with a voltage applied in accordance with a drive signal. The piezoelectric material is made of a composite oxide having a perovskite structure preferentially oriented in at least one of a (100) plane and a (001) plane. A drop in diffraction intensity is included in a rocking curve corresponding to at least one of a (200) plane and a (002) plane measured at a position of 2? where the diffraction intensity is largest at a peak of diffraction intensity corresponding to the (200) plane out of peaks of diffraction intensity measured by an X-ray diffraction ?-2? method.

Abstract: A liquid ejection device is disclosed. One liquid ejection device includes a plurality of first contacts connected to a plurality of first piezoelectric elements, respectively, and positioned at a more outer position than a first piezoelectric element row and a second piezoelectric element row from a center of the device in a second direction. The liquid ejection device includes a plurality of second contacts connected to a plurality of second piezoelectric elements, respectively, and positioned at a more outer position than a third piezoelectric element row and a fourth piezoelectric element row from the center of the liquid ejection device in the second direction.

Abstract: An empty chamber component includes a pressure chamber formation substrate where a pressure chamber as an empty chamber is defined and a communication substrate bonded to the pressure chamber formation substrate. A piezoelectric element is provided on one side of the pressure chamber formation substrate. A flexible surface is located between the piezoelectric element and the pressure chamber. Empty portions are defined by the communication substrate closing recessed portions in the pressure chamber formation substrate. The empty portions are formed at positions where ends of the active section of the piezoelectric element pass through the empty portions in plan view.

Abstract: A Metal Oxide Thin Film Transistor (MOTFT) and a preparation method thereof are provided. The preparation method includes the following steps in turn: Step a: a metal conductive layer is prepared and patterned as a gate on a substrate; Step b: a first insulating thin film is deposited as a gate insulating layer on the metal conductive layer; Step c: a metal oxide thin film is deposited and patterned as an active layer on the gate insulating layer; Step d: an organic conductive thin film is deposited as a back channel etch protective layer on the active layer; Step e: a metal layer is deposited on the back channel etch protective layer and then patterned as pattern of a source electrode and a drain electrode; Step f: a second insulating thin film is deposited as a passivation layer on the source electrode and the drain electrode.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator includes a piezoelectric element that includes a piezoelectric unit including a ferroelectric, which has an asymmetric bipolar P-E curve, a capacitor connected to the piezoelectric unit in series, and a resistor connected to the capacitor in series and connected to the ferroelectric in parallel; and a drive unit that inputs a drive waveform Vd, which includes a DC offset component of which polarity is opposite to polarization of the ferroelectric, to the piezoelectric element to drive the piezoelectric element. A value of a coercive electric field Ec1, a value of a coercive electric field Ec2, the capacitance Cs of the capacitor, the capacitance Cpz of the ferroelectric, combined resistance Rp of the resistance of the resistor and the resistance of the ferroelectric, and a fundamental angular frequency ? of the drive waveform satisfy Expressions I to III, wherein 1 / 3 ? ? Ec 1 + Ec 2 ? / ? Ec 1 - Ec 2 ? Expression ? ? I C s ? 1.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head of the present disclosure includes a flow path member having a plurality of discharge holes, a plurality of pressure chambers, a plurality of first common flow paths, a plurality of second common flow paths, and a plurality of pressure sections. The first common flow paths and the second common flow paths are linked through a connection flow path outside a connection range C, the connection range C being linked through the pressure chambers. The flow path member is configured by laminating a plurality of flat plates. The connection flow path includes holes and/or grooves disposed in plates other than the common flow path plates that constitute the first common flow paths and the second common flow paths.

Abstract: According to one embodiment in an ink jet head, the common electrodes for all the actuators, without overlapping with the first wiring pattern formed by individual electrodes, are connected to a second wiring pattern that passes between the outer peripheral portion of piezoelectric bodies, and a third wiring pattern that extends in a direction different from a direction of the second wiring pattern. The first wiring pattern and the third wiring pattern are electrically insulated at intersections thereof.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a liquid jet head includes: a groove formation step of forming ejection grooves and non-ejection grooves alternately in the upper surface of an actuator substrate; a cover plate processing step of forming a recessed portion in the upper surface of a cover plate and slits penetrating from the bottom surface of the recessed portion to the lower surface opposite to the upper surface; an electrode formation step of forming conductive films on the both side surfaces and front surface of the ejection grooves, the both side surfaces of the non-ejection grooves, the inner surfaces of the slits and the recessed portion, and the lower surface of the cover plate; and a substrate joining step of joining the lower surface of the cover plate to the upper surface of the actuator substrate so as to communicate the slits with the ejection grooves.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes a nozzle plate, a diaphragm, an electromechanical transducer element, and a characteristic fluctuation suppressor. The nozzle plate has a nozzle orifice communicated with a chamber to discharge a discharge liquid stored in the chamber. The diaphragm divides a part of the chamber. The transducer element is disposed on the diaphragm and includes a lamination of a lower electrode, an electromechanical transducer film, and an upper electrode. The suppressor applies a characteristic fluctuation suppression voltage to suppress characteristic fluctuation of the transducer element in a section between a drive waveform applied to the transducer element and a subsequent drive waveform. The suppressor sets the suppression voltage to be larger than a negative coercive electric field of the transducer film and smaller than a positive coercive electric field of the transducer film and have a waveform that does not discharge the liquid in the chamber.

Abstract: A MEMS chip having at least two chip components bonded together by means of an adhesive layer that is applied to at least one of two mating bonding surfaces of the two components, wherein a pattern of finely distributed micro-cavities is formed in at least one of the two mating bonding surfaces, said micro-cavities being arranged to accommodate a major part of the adhesive.

Abstract: Pressure control in fluidic systems is generally described. In some cases, a system comprises a fluid-permeable (e.g., liquid-permeable) medium and a pressure regulator. The medium and the pressure regulator can be positioned between a first fluidic channel and a second fluidic channel. The medium is arranged, in certain cases, such that fluid (e.g., liquid) can be transported from the first fluidic channel, through the medium, and into the second fluidic channel. In certain cases, when a first pressure within the first fluidic channel is below a sum of the permeability pressure differential of the medium with respect to the fluid and a second pressure within the second fluidic channel, the fluid is substantially prevented from being transported through an outlet of the first fluidic channel.

Abstract: A liquid jet head manufacturing method, a method for integrally manufacturing a liquid jet apparatus, a liquid jet head, a printing apparatus and a liquid jet apparatus. The manufacturing method includes: forming multiple pressure-generating members arranged spaced apart on a first substrate; forming, on a first surface of first substrate, pressure chambers corresponding to multiple pressure-generating members, and a common chamber in communication with multiple pressure chambers; forming a transition layer on pressure chambers, and forming a jet orifice plate on transition layer; and forming, on jet orifice plate and transition layer, jet orifices in communication with pressure chambers.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head includes a liquid ejection substrate and a liquid reservoir. The liquid ejection substrate includes a plurality of liquid ejection sections. The liquid ejection sections include pressure chambers configured to hold liquid and ejection ports communicating with the pressure chambers. The pressure chambers each include a pressure unit configured to apply pressure to the liquid in each of the pressure chambers. The pressed liquid is ejected through the ejection ports. The liquid reservoir is in contact with a back of the liquid ejection substrate opposite to the ejection ports. The liquid reservoir is partitioned into at least one common liquid channel and a first common liquid chamber. The common liquid channel communicates with one of inlets and outlets of the plurality of pressure chambers. The first common liquid chamber communicates with another of the inlets and the outlets.

Abstract: Provided is a piezoelectric element including a substrate, electrodes, and a piezoelectric film, the piezoelectric film including an oxide including Ba, Ca, Ti, and Zr, and at least one element of Mn and Bi in which: 0.09?x?0.30 is satisfied, where x is a mole ratio of Ca to a sum of Ba and Ca; 0.025?y?0.085 is satisfied, where y is a mole ratio of Zr to a sum of Ti, Zr, and Sn; and 0?z?0.02 is satisfied, where z is a mole ratio of Sn to the sum of Ti, Zr, and Sn; a total content Save of Mn and Bi is 0.0020 moles or more and 0.0150 moles or less for 1 mole of the oxide; and a total content Sbou of Mn and Bi in a region of the piezoelectric film adjacent to one of the electrodes is smaller than Save.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include a piezoelectric package integrated jet device. In one example, the jet device includes a vibrating membrane positioned between first and second cavities of an organic substrate, a piezoelectric material coupled to the vibrating membrane which acts as a first electrode, and a second electrode in contact with the piezoelectric material. The vibrating membrane generates fluid flow through an orifice in response to application of an electrical signal between the first and second electrodes.

Abstract: A liquid droplet discharging head includes discharging orifices to discharge a liquid droplet, pressure generating chambers to apply a pressure to liquid inside the liquid droplet discharging head, a common liquid supplying chamber to accommodate the liquid to the pressure generating chambers, individual supplying paths to communicate the pressure generating chambers with the common liquid supplying chamber, a displacing film for discharging to conduct self displacement to individually apply a pressure to the liquid inside the pressure generating chambers to discharge the liquid from the discharging orifices, a liquid supplying chamber displacing film to conduct self displacement according to a pressure change of the liquid in the common liquid supplying chamber, and individual supplying holes existing at each border between the individual supplying paths and the common liquid supplying chamber and facing the liquid supplying chamber displacing film via the liquid in the common liquid supplying chamber.

Abstract: Provided is a piezoelectric element containing no lead therein and having satisfactory and stable piezoelectric properties in a temperature range in which the piezoelectric element is used. In order to attain this, the piezoelectric element includes a substrate, a first electrode, a piezoelectric film, and a second electrode. The piezoelectric film contains barium zirconate titanate, manganese, and bismuth in a charge disproportionation state in which trivalent Bi and pentavalent Bi coexist. The piezoelectric film satisfies 0.02?x?0.13, where x is a mole ratio of zirconium to the sum of zirconium and titanium. A manganese content is 0.002 moles or more and 0.015 moles or less for 1 mole of barium zirconate titanate, and a bismuth content is 0.00042 moles or more and 0.00850 moles or less for 1 mole of barium zirconate titanate.

Abstract: A coating method for producing a function layer on mechanically loaded components or surfaces includes providing or applying a first material layer of a first material or substrate matrix having a mechanical flexibility higher than that of a second material on a substrate constituting the component or the surface, respectively, structuring the first material layer such that the material layer surface of the first material layer, which is opposite to the substrate, obtains a three-dimensionally molded basic structure with projections and recesses, and coating the material layer surface of the first material layer with a second material layer of the second material in such a way that the second material layer adopts substantially the basic structure of the material layer surface with the projections and recesses. Also, surface layer structures can be produced by this method.