Abstract: A piezoelectric element includes a substrate, a first electrode, a piezoelectric film and a second electrode that are sequentially placed in the above-mentioned order. The piezoelectric film contains oxides of Ba, Bi, Ti, Zr, Fe and Mn and has a perovskite structure, wherein the molar ratio y of Bi relative to the sum of Ba and Bi is 0.001?y?0.015, the molar ratio x of Zr relative to the sum of Ti, Zr, Fe and Mn is 0.010?x?0.060, the molar ratio z of Fe relative to the sum of Ti, Zr, Fe and Mn is 0.001?z?0.015, and the molar ratio m of Mn relative to the sum of Ti, Zr, Fe and Mn is 0.0020?m?0.0150, while the relationship between y and z is expressed by 0.90?y/z?1.10.

Abstract: An ultraviolet curing ink jet ink composition includes a trifunctional or tetrafunctional (meth)acrylate having a pentaerythritol skeleton; and inorganic metal-based fine particles as a color material, in which the viscosity is 8 to 22 mPa·s at 20° C.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of an inertial sensor which includes a movable body that is disposed in a cavity formed by a base body and a lid, and in which a wiring groove of wiring communicating with the cavity and electrically connected to the movable body is formed in the base body, includes forming a first opening section, which does not penetrate through the lid by wet etching; accommodating the movable body in the cavity by bonding the base body and the lid; forming a first sealing material with which the wiring groove is sealed after the accommodating of the movable body; forming a through-hole communicating with the cavity by penetrating through the first opening section by dry etching after the forming of the first sealing material; and forming a second sealing material with which the through-hole is sealed.

Abstract: The invention provides a dielectric layer having high relative permittivity with low leakage current and excellent flatness. A dielectric layer 30a according to the invention is made of multilayer oxide including a first oxide layer 31 made of oxide consisting of bismuth (Bi) and niobium (Nb) or oxide consisting of bismuth (Bi), zinc (Zn), and niobium (Nb) (possibly including inevitable impurities) and a second oxide layer 32 made of oxide of one type (possibly including inevitable impurities) selected from the group of oxide consisting of lanthanum (La) and tantalum (Ta), oxide consisting of lanthanum (La) and zirconium (Zr), and oxide consisting of strontium (Sr) and tantalum (Ta).

Abstract: A microchip with flow-through inlet (104) and outlet (106) channels and test channels (108). The test channels (108) are in fluid communication with the inlet (104) and outlet (106) channels, through inlets (114) and outlets (116) respectively. Each test channel (108) has one test site therein for detection of specific molecules or molecular interactions. The inlet (114) in a test channel (108) is elevated from the outlet (116) of the test channel (108) and the outlet (116) is elevated from a fluid level (124) in the outlet channel (106). Back diffusion from outlet channel (106) to the test channels (108) and from the test channels (108) to the inlet channel (104) can thus be inhibited to reduce or eliminate cross-interference between different test sites. The microchip can be useful as a flow-through high density enzyme immunoassay array device with high-throughput.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting apparatus includes a liquid ejection unit including a liquid ejection head for ejecting liquid, a housing accommodating the liquid ejection unit, and a sealing section provided between the liquid ejection unit and the housing.

Abstract: A printhead includes a plurality of firing chambers, a plurality of fluid ejectors, and at least one field generating member. Each one of the firing chambers includes a nozzle region to receive printing fluid. The printing fluid includes an ink vehicle having pigments disposed therein. At least one field generating member generates a non-uniform electric field to apply forces to maintain respective pigments in the ink vehicle of the printing fluid in the nozzle region.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid ejecting head which includes head bodies aligned in a direction of liquid ejection surface thereof, a flow-path member in which distribution flow path is provided to supply liquid to the head bodies, and flexible wiring substrates connected to the head bodies. The distribution flow path extends in the first direction. In addition, the flexible wiring substrates adjacent in the first direction overlap when viewed from the first direction. The distribution flow path is disposed in an area on one side with respect to the flexible wiring substrates, in a direction perpendicular to the first direction in the liquid ejection surface.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes driving elements and electrodes each extending a second direction for ejecting liquid of pressure chambers through nozzles. The driving elements are classified into a first element group and a second element group. The electrodes are arranged along a first direction intersecting the second direction and are classified into a first electrode group electrically connected to the first element group, a second electrode group electrically connected to the second element group and a third electrode group not contribute to the ejecting liquid.

Abstract: Provided is an ultrasonic sensor including a piezoelectric elements arranged along a first direction and a second direction on a vibration plate, an insulation layer, and conductive lines. Each piezoelectric element including a first electrode, a piezoelectric layer, and a second electrode. The first electrode is partially removed in a regions between the piezoelectric elements. The second electrode is a separate electrode provided for each piezoelectric element. The insulation layer covers the second electrodes and has holes through which portions at opposite ends of the second electrodes along the first direction are partially exposed. Each conductive line is provided between adjacent ones of the second electrodes along the first direction and electrically connects, via the holes, the adjacent ones of the second electrodes.

Abstract: A nebulizing catheter for bronchial therapy includes a catheter having a sheath defining an interior space and an open tip. A nebulizer is positioned in the interior space and located adjacent the open tip. The nebulizer includes a piezoelectric device. A liquid mixture is provided and placed in flow communication with the piezoelectric device for nebulizing a portion of that liquid mixture into small droplets for use in the bronchial therapy.

Abstract: A liquid ejection device includes a piezoelectric transducer having a plurality of pressure chambers, a plurality of partitions dividing the plurality of pressure chambers, and a plurality of electrodes formed in the plurality of pressure chambers, respectively. The plurality of partitions each includes a first side wall and a second side wall that is positioned on a back surface side of the first side wall. The first side wall includes a first wall surface positioned at an upper portion thereof, the first wall surface being positioned so as to be set back in a normal direction from a second wall surface positioned below the first wall surface. A first electrode is formed on the second wall surface, and a second electrode is formed on the second side wall. An upper end of the second electrode is higher than an upper end of the first electrode.

Abstract: To produce a ferroelectric film formed of a lead-free material. The ferroelectric film according to an aspect of the present invention includes a (K1-XNaX)NbO3 film or a BiFeO3 film having a perovskite structure and a crystalline oxide preferentially oriented to (001) formed on at least one of the upper side and lower side of the (K1-XNaX)NbO3 film or BiFeO3 film, and X satisfies the formula below 0.3?X?0.7.

Abstract: Provided are a method for manufacturing an ink jet head and an ink jet head. The method includes: arranging a vibrating plate on lower surface of a substrate; arranging a piezoelectric actuator on surface of the vibrating plate; arranging a protective film on surface of the piezoelectric actuator for sealing the piezoelectric actuator along with the vibrating plate, thus preventing the piezoelectric actuator from corrosion; etching the substrate and the vibrating plate to form a groove on the substrate at a position corresponding to the piezoelectric actuator, and form a liquid feeding hole on the substrate and vibrating plate; forming a pressure chamber and a nozzle orifice on lower surface of the vibrating plate, allowing the pressure chamber to cover the position where the piezoelectric actuator is arranged in the vibrating plate, enabling communication of the pressure chamber with the nozzle orifice and the liquid feeding hole.

Abstract: A MEMS device includes a drive region having a stacked structural body in which a first electrode layer, a first dielectric layer, and a second electrode layer are stacked in that order. The stacked structural body extends from the drive region to a non-drive region that is outer than the drive region and, in an extending direction of the stacked structural body, the first electrode layer and the first dielectric layer extend farther outward than the second electrode layer. A second dielectric layer covering an end of the second electrode layer in the extending direction is stacked on the second electrode layer in the non-drive region and the first dielectric layer that is formed outer in the extending direction than the second electrode layer. A third electrode layer electrically connected to the second electrode layer is stacked on the second dielectric layer and on the second electrode layer in a region outside the second dielectric layer.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting apparatus includes a wiring substrate; and a liquid ejecting head, in which the liquid ejecting head includes a plurality of electrodes, an ejecting unit, and a non-ejecting unit, the wiring substrate is connected to the plurality of electrodes, the ejecting unit includes a driven element which is displaced due to a signal waveform applied to an electrode which is provided so as to correspond to at least one of the plurality of electrodes, a pressure chamber, and nozzles, the non-ejecting unit is provided so as to correspond to at least another electrode among the plurality of electrodes, and does not include at least one of the nozzle, the driven element, and the pressure chamber, and the signal waveform which is applied to an electrode which corresponds to the non-ejecting unit is designated by a dummy signal in the printing data.

Abstract: Provided is a piezoelectric material that is free of lead and potassium, has satisfactory insulation property and piezoelectricity, and has a high Curie temperature. The piezoelectric material includes a perovskite-type metal oxide represented by the following general formula (1): General formula (1) (NaxM1-y)(Zrz(Nb1-wTaw)y(Ti1-vSnv)(1-y-z))O3 where M represents at least any one of Ba, Sr, and Ca, and relationships of 0.80?x?0.95, 0.85?y?0.95, 0<z?0.03, 0?v<0.2, 0?w<0.2, and 0.05?1?y?z?0.15 are satisfied.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes a head main body in which a nozzle N that ejects liquid is formed; a case member which includes a space that stores liquid to be supplied to the nozzle and an opening that communicates with the space; a flexible seal plate that closes the opening from an outside of the case member; and an overhang portion disposed on an end of the opening and having an inclined surface that overhangs from an inner peripheral surface of the opening.

Abstract: A piezoelectric element includes a plurality of individual electrodes, a piezoelectric layer formed on each of individual electrodes, and a common electrode which is formed on the piezoelectric layer and is an electrode common to the individual electrodes. Further, a protection film covering a region, which is not covered by the common electrode on the individual electrode, is provided.

Abstract: A liquid discharging apparatus includes a first piezoelectric element that includes a pair of electrodes including a first electrode and that is displaced according to a potential change of a driving signal in a case where the driving signal is supplied to the first electrode, a reference piezoelectric element that includes a pair of electrodes including a reference electrode, an internal space of which a volume changes in response to displacement of the reference piezoelectric element, and a detecting unit that detects a potential of the first electrode via a first wire and detects a potential of the reference electrode via a second wire in a first detection period which is a period after the first piezoelectric element is displaced due to the driving signal, in which the internal space is not filled with the liquid.

Abstract: A first flow path through which liquid flows in an intersection direction intersecting a vertical direction and a second flow path which is connected to the first flow path and through which liquid flows downward in the vertical direction are provided. The first flow path includes an intersection portion which has a surface intersecting the intersection direction and which allows a cross-sectional area of the first flow path to be gradually reduced in a plane perpendicular to the intersection direction as the first flow path extends to the second flow path.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes a plurality of nozzles to discharge liquid droplets; a plurality of piezoelectric elements, each corresponding to a corresponding one of the plurality of nozzles and disposed along a nozzle alignment direction along which the plurality of nozzles is aligned; an actuator member on which the plurality of piezoelectric elements is aligned; and wiring disposed along the nozzle alignment direction, connected to the plurality of piezoelectric elements, and included in the actuator member, the wiring including a first wiring pattern to which the plurality of piezoelectric elements is connected, the first wiring pattern including a near side proximal to and a far side distal from a source of a drive signal for the piezoelectric elements. The near side and the far side are connected via a second wiring pattern.

Abstract: A fluid level sensor is configured for identifying a fluid level in a small volume reservoir, such as a fluid reservoir in an ejector head. The reservoir includes a plurality of vertically arranged chambers. A plurality of piezoelectric transducers is distributed over the chambers in a one-to-one correspondence. At least one electrical conductor is electrically connected to each piezoelectric transducer in the plurality of piezoelectric transducers to enable each piezoelectric sensor to receive an electrical signal to a portion of a wall of the chamber to produce an acoustical wave in the chamber and to transmit an electrical signal from each piezoelectric transducer in response to a fluctuating pressure on each piezoelectric transducer produced by the acoustical wave in the chamber.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head, including a flow-path unit that includes: first and second nozzle groups disposed alongside each other in a second direction orthogonal to a first direction in which nozzles are arranged; first and second common liquid chambers respectively communicating with the first and second nozzle groups, the first and second common liquid chambers being disposed alongside each other in the second direction; a liquid supply opening communicating with the first common liquid chamber and a liquid discharge opening communicating with the second common liquid chamber, on one side of the flow-path unit in the first direction; and a connecting path connecting the first and second common liquid chambers on the other side of the flow-path unit in the first direction, wherein the first common liquid chamber is disposed nearer to an outer periphery of the flow-path unit in the second direction than the second common liquid chamber.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes: a plurality of pressure generating chambers communicating with nozzles through which a liquid is ejected; a manifold communicating with the plurality of pressure generating chambers; a flexible member that has a surface on one side which defines at least a part of a wall of the manifold, that has a surface on the other side, on which an adhesive layer is formed, and that has a compliance region, which is able to perform deflection in response to pressure fluctuation in the manifold, in a region in which the adhesive layer is formed; a compliance space disposed on a side opposite to the manifold through the flexible member; a cap member facing the flexible member through the compliance space; and a frame-like member that is disposed between the flexible member and the cap member and has a cantilever, in which the cantilever is fixed to at least a part of the flexible member of the compliance region and has an unfixed region which is not fixed to the cap member on the distal end

Abstract: A method and structure for a piezoelectric ink jet printhead. The method can include forming a piezoelectric composite from a liquid sol-gel solution. A first layer of the liquid sol-gel solution can be deposited onto a substrate using, for example, a spin coat process, wherein the substrate may be a printhead diaphragm. The first layer may be partially cured, then a second layer of the liquid sol-gel solution can be deposited onto the partially cured first layer, which is then partially cured. Any number of layers of liquid sol-gel solution can be deposited to result in a piezoelectric composite having a suitable thickness. Subsequently, all of the partially cured layers are fully cured. Printhead processing can continue to form a completed piezoelectric ink jet printhead.

Abstract: By appropriately defining a flow path capacity from an opening of an ink supply path to a nozzle in a pressure chamber, a progress of thickening ink toward the pressure chamber is suppressed. In other words, by setting the individual flow path capacity to be large, specifically, to 4400 pl or higher, desirably 6210 pl or higher, it is possible to suppress the progress of the thickening of the ink even in a small-sized liquid ejecting head of which the shortest formation pitch between each of the nozzles is 1/300 inches. More specifically, a nozzle communication opening is provided between the pressure chamber and the nozzle, and a total capacity of the nozzle communication opening and the pressure chamber is configured to be 4400 pl or higher, desirably 6210 pl or higher.

Abstract: The present invention aims at providing a piezoelectric substrate that is less susceptible to the influence of adhesive after being subjected to connection, as well as an assembly, a liquid discharge head, and a recording device, each of which uses the piezoelectric substrate. The piezoelectric substrate of the present invention is a flat plate shaped piezoelectric substrate including a piezoelectric ceramic layer, a plurality of first electrodes, a second electrode, and a third electrode. The second electrode includes an outer peripheral part disposed so as to surround the entirety of the first electrodes, and a protrusion extending from the outer peripheral part toward the inside of the outer peripheral part when the piezoelectric substrate is viewed from above. The second electrode and the third electrode are electrically connected to each other at the protrusion. The outer peripheral part is used for an electrical connection with the outside.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting device, having a fluid passage structure formed with multiple nozzles arranged in a particular nozzle arrangement direction and multiple passages respectively communicating with the multiple nozzles. The fluid passage structure has a metallic nozzle plate formed with the multiple nozzles which is arranged in a nozzle arrangement direction. Further, the metallic nozzle plate has a liquid ejection surface on which multiple ejection openings respectively corresponding to the multiple nozzles being formed, multiple convex parts protruding from the liquid ejection surface, the multiple convex parts being arranged along the nozzle arrangement direction, beside the multiple ejection openings, respectively. Further, the multiple convex parts are formed by press working applied to the nozzle plate from a side opposite to the liquid ejection surface.

Abstract: A print head includes a backup plate and a nozzle plate. The backup plate has a non-planar lower surface. The nozzle plate also has a non-planar lower surface. The nozzle plate is coupled to the lower surface of the backup plate.

Abstract: There is provided a method of improving the yield of a nozzle plate fabrication process, the method comprising determining a variation in the size of nozzles in a nozzle plate from a predetermined size or range of sizes for the nozzles, the nozzles in the nozzle plate having been fabricated using a plurality of mandrels, each mandrel defining a respective nozzle in the nozzle plate and determining modifications to the size of one or more mandrels in the plurality of mandrels to compensate for the determined variation in the size of nozzles in the nozzle plate.

Abstract: An electromechanical transducer element includes a first electrode, an electromechanical transducer film, and a second electrode. The electromechanical transducer film is a {100} preferentially oriented polycrystalline film. A sum of an orientation degree ?{111} of {111} plane and an orientation degree ?{100} of {100} plane is in a range of not less than 0.0002 and not greater than 0.25. At least two diffraction peaks of a plurality of diffraction peaks separated in diffraction peaks derived from {200} plane or {400} plane obtained by the ?-2? measurement of the electromechanical transducer film according to the X-ray diffraction method attribute to a tetragonal a-domain structure and a tetragonal c-domain structure, respectively. A value of Sc/(Sa+Sc) is not greater than 20%, where Sa represents an area of a diffraction peak attributing to the tetragonal a-domain structure and Sc represents an area of a diffraction peak attributing to the tetragonal c-domain structure.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid ejection head, including: an ejection unit including: a recording element substrate including a plurality of recording elements configured to generate energy; and a support member formed of a plate-like member and configured to support the recording element substrate, the support member including: a liquid chamber configured to store liquid therein, and an inlet formed in the liquid chamber so as to allow the liquid to flow into the liquid chamber; a flow path unit including a liquid path through which the liquid is supplied into the ejection unit from a liquid tank storing the liquid therein; a joint member sandwiched between the support member and the flow path unit and configured to seal the liquid; and a buffer chamber formed in a space defined by the joint member, the ejection unit, and the flow path unit and configured to retain gas therein.

Abstract: A piezoelectric ceramic compatibly represents both an excellent piezoelectric constant and an excellent mechanical quality factor. The piezoelectric ceramic contains a metal oxide expressed by general formula (1) shown below and Mn by not less than 0.04 weight parts and not more than 0.36 weight parts relative to 100 weight parts of the metal oxide in terms of metal. The piezoelectric ceramic includes a plurality of first crystal grains having a perovskite structure and a plurality of second crystal grains existing at grain boundaries between the first crystal grains. The second crystal grains contain at least a metal oxide expressed by general formula (2) shown below: (Ba1-xCax)a(Ti1-yZry)O3??(1) where 0.09?x?0.30, 0.025?y?0.085 and 0.986?a?1.020; (Ba1-vCav)b(Ti1-wZrw)cOd??(2) where 0?v?1, 0?w?1, 1?b?6, 2?c?19, b+2c?1?d?b+2c and b<c where b, c and d are integers.

Abstract: A liquid discharge apparatus includes a filter configured to filter liquid to be discharged from a nozzle, a vibration detection mechanism configured to detect vibration of ink in an ink flow path generated by the driving of a piezoelectric element as an actuator; and a calculation circuit configured to obtain a detection value obtained by the vibration detection mechanism and perform calculation by using the detection value, wherein the vibration detection mechanism detects vibration of n (1<n?m) nozzles out of m nozzles included in the recording head, and the calculation circuit determines a state of the filter on the basis of a result of the calculation performed by using the detection value obtained by the vibration detection mechanism.

Abstract: A printhead support structure may have a receiving portion to receive a printhead, first and second portions having an adjustment mechanism therebetween for converting a translational movement of the first portion to a rotational movement of the second portion, and a coupling mechanism coupling the second portion to the receiving portion for adjusting the rotational angle of the printhead. A method for adjusting a position of a printhead coupled to a printhead support may include applying a force to a first portion of the printhead support to effect a translational movement of the first portion, converting the translational movement of the first portion into a rotational movement of a second portion of the printhead support, and applying the rotational movement of the second portion to the printhead.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming an optical device on a substrate. A surface of the substrate may be treated to form a treated surface having a number of modified properties. A plurality of drops of material may be deposited onto the treated surface of the substrate to form the optical device. An adhesion between the plurality of drops and the treated surface of the substrate may be reduced by the number of modified properties of the treated surface such that the plurality of drops form an optical device having a lateral resolution below a selected threshold.

Abstract: A liquid jetting apparatus includes: a flow passage structure having nozzles aligned in a first direction, pressure chambers aligned in the first direction to correspond respectively to the nozzles, and a vibration film covering the pressure chambers; piezoelectric elements arranged on the vibration film to correspond respectively to the pressure chambers; and traces extending along a planar direction of the vibration film to correspond respectively to the piezoelectric elements. Each of the piezoelectric elements has a piezoelectric film arranged to cover the pressure chambers, and an individual electrode provided on the piezoelectric film to face a central portion of one of the pressure chambers and extending in a second direction intersecting the first direction. Within each area, of the vibration film, facing one of the pressure chambers, each of the traces extends from a connecting portion of the individual electrode along a third direction intersecting the second direction.

Abstract: A pattern formation method includes forming an electromagnetic wave blocking structure having a region on a one side of a support substrate, a reflectance of an electromagnetic wave in the region being lower than a reflectance in an area outside the region; forming a mask layer provided with an opening corresponding to the region and configured to be thermally decomposed at a predetermined temperature on an other side of the support substrate; forming a first heated layer in the opening; and shedding an electromagnetic wave from the one side of the support substrate on the electromagnetic wave blocking structure, wherein an intensity of the electromagnetic wave is determined such that a temperature of the mask layer is less than the predetermined temperature and a temperature of the first heated layer being heated is greater than or equal to the predetermined temperature.

Abstract: An ink jet print head assembly includes a carrier body, plural pistons, and a printing plate. The carrier body has an ejection side configured to face an object to be printed upon. The pistons are coupled with the carrier body. The printing plate is coupled with the ejection side of the carrier body and includes a diaphragm plate. The printing plate is configured to hold a fluid to be printed on the object on a side of the diaphragm plate that is opposite of the pistons. The printing plate includes orifices through which the fluid is ejected from the printing plate and onto the object being printed upon. The pistons are configured to actuate in ejection directions in order to engage the diaphragm plate and cause the fluid to be ejected from the orifices of the printing plate along printing directions. The ejection directions in which the pistons are actuated are transversely oriented with respect to the printing directions in which the fluid is ejected from the printing plate.

Abstract: A lower electrode 60 in a region opposite each of pressure generation chambers 12 is formed to have a width smaller than the width of the corresponding pressure generation chamber 12, and an upper surface and an end surface of the lower electrode 60 in a region corresponding to each of the pressure generation chambers 12 is covered with a piezoelectric material layer 70. An end surface of the piezoelectric material layer 70 forms a slope surface sloping downward toward the outside, an upper surface and an end surface of the piezoelectric material layer 70 in the region opposite each of the pressure generation chambers 12 are covered with an upper electrode 80, and a distance D1 between the upper surface of the lower electrode 60 and the upper surface of the piezoelectric material layer 70 and a distance D2 between the end surface of the lower electrode 60 and the end surface of the piezoelectric material layer 70 satisfy the relationship D2?D1.

Abstract: A liquid jet head includes a piezoelectric body substrate including a plurality of groove arrays in which a long and narrow ejection groove and a long and narrow non-ejection groove are alternately arrayed in a reference direction. The other side end portion of the ejection groove included in a one side groove array, and a one side end portion of the non-ejection groove included in the other side groove array do not overlap in a thickness direction of the piezoelectric body substrate, and the other side end portion of the ejection groove included in the one side groove array, and a one side end portion of the ejection groove included in the other side groove array communicate, or overlap in the reference direction, of adjacent groove arrays.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head and a recording apparatus are each capable of reducing a malfunction possibility that occurs on a piezoelectric actuator substrate due to contact between individual electrodes and a liquid. The liquid discharge head includes a head body including a flow channel member, a piezoelectric actuator substrate having a plurality of individual electrodes, a flexible wiring substrate, and an adhesive member adhering the flexible wiring substrate and head body, and surrounds the individual electrodes. When a surface of the head body surrounded by the adhesive member is a first region, and a surface of the head body other than the first region is a second region, the head body has a first through hole connecting the first region and the second region to permit communication between a space surrounded by the flexible wiring substrate, adhesive member, first region, and an outside other than the space.

Abstract: A piezoelectric material includes, as a main component, a perovskite-type metal oxide represented by a general formula (Ba1-xCax)a(Ti1-y-zSnyZrz)O3 where 1.00?a?1.01, 0.125?x?0.300, 0?y?0.020, and 0.041?z?0.074, the perovskite-type metal oxide containing copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn). A Cu content relative to 100 parts by weight of the metal oxide is 0.02 parts by weight or more and 0.60 parts by weight or less on a metal basis, and a Mn content relative to 100 parts by weight of the metal oxide is 0.12 parts by weight or more and 0.40 parts by weight or less on a metal basis.

Abstract: There is provided a liquid droplet forming apparatus comprising: a liquid holding part configured to hold a liquid including precipitating particles; a film member configured to be vibrated so as to eject the liquid held in the liquid holding unit, wherein a nozzle is formed in the film member and the liquid is ejected as a droplet from the nozzle; a vibrating unit configured to vibrate the film member; and a driving unit configured to selectively apply an ejection waveform and a stirring waveform to the vibrating unit, wherein the film member is vibrated to form the droplet in response to applying the ejection waveform and the film member is vibrated without forming the droplet in response to applying the stirring waveform.

Abstract: An actuator drive device is configured to drive an actuator. The actuator drive device includes a storage section for storing a drive condition of the actuator, a processor for calculating and outputting drive signal D(t) based on a drive base signal V(t) calculated based on the drive condition with respect to time t, and a generator for outputting, based on the drive signal D(t) calculated, a driving signal for driving the actuator. The drive base signal V(t) is a sum of a fundamental wave and at least one harmonic wave of the fundamental wave. The processor is operable to determine the coefficient ak such that the drive base signal V(t) changes linearly from a minimum value to a maximum value with respect to a time. This actuator drive device improves the linearity of the driving of the actuator.

Abstract: A wiring mounting structure includes: a first base that has a first main surface, a second main surface that is an undersurface opposite to the first main surface, and an inclined surface that is formed between the first main surface and the second main surface to have an angle as a reference angle with the second main surface, which is less than 90 degrees; a second base that has a third main surface which is joined to the second main surface of the first base; an adhesive which is disposed between the second main surface of the first base and the third main surface of the second base from an end portion of the inclined surface of the first base to an exposed region on the third main surface of the second base and by which the first base and the second base are joined; and a connection wiring that is provided to be continuous on from the inclined surface through the front surface of the adhesive to the third main surface of the second base.

Abstract: A liquid jet head includes a piezoelectric body substrate having an array of alternating ejection grooves and non-ejection grooves opening to a surface of the piezoelectric body substrate. Common drive electrodes are provided on opposed side surfaces of the ejection grooves, and individual drive electrodes are provided on opposed side surfaces of the non-ejection grooves. Two individual wirings are electrically separated from each other on the surface of the piezoelectric body substrate at opposite end sides of each non-ejection groove in a longitudinal direction, and the individual wiring at one end side is electrically connected to the individual drive electrode on one side surface of the non-ejection groove, and the individual wiring at the other end side is electrically connected to the individual drive electrode on the other side surface of the non-ejection groove.

Abstract: A MMIC power amplifier circuit assembly comprised of a SiC substrate having a plurality of microchannels formed therein, where a diamond layer is provided within each of the microchannels. A plurality of GaN HEMT devices are provided on the substrate where each HEMT device is positioned directly opposite to a microchannel. A silicon manifold is coupled to the substrate and includes a plurality of micro-machined channels formed therein that include a jet impingement channel positioned directly adjacent each microchannel, a return channel directly positioned adjacent to each microchannel, a supply channel supplying a cooling fluid to the impingement channels and a return channel collecting heated cooling fluid from the supply channels so that an impingement jet is directed on to the diamond layer for removing heat generated by the HEMT devices.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes generating chambers communicating with nozzles, a manifold communicating with the pressure generating chambers, a flexible member that has a compliance region, which is able to perform deflection in response to pressure fluctuation in the manifold, a compliance space disposed on a side opposite to the manifold through the flexible member, a cap member facing the flexible member through the compliance space; a frame-like member disposed between the flexible member and the cap member, and an island-like member to be disposed in the compliance region and separated from the frame-like member. One surface of the frame-like member faces the flexible member and the other surface faces the cap member. In a direction in which the flexible member and the cap member face each other, the island-like member is thinner in thickness than the frame-like member.