Abstract: Disclosed herein are transparent color displays with nanoparticles made with nonlinear materials and/or designed to exhibit optical resonances. These nanoparticles are embedded in or hosted on a transparent substrate, such as a flexible piece of clear plastic or acrylic. Illuminating the nanoparticles with invisible light (e.g., infrared or ultraviolet light) causes them to emit visible light. For example, a rare-earth doped nanoparticle may emit visible light when illuminated simultaneoulsy with a first infrared beam at a first wavelength ?1 and a second infrared beam at a second wavelength ?2. And a frequency-doubling nanoparticle may emit visible light when illuminated with a single infrared beam at the nanoparticle's resonant frequency. Selectively addressing these nanoparticles with appropiately selected pump beams yields visible light emitted from the nanoparticles hosted by the transparent substrate in a desired pattern.

Abstract: After AE/AF/AWB operation, a subject distance is calculated for each pixel, and a histogram which shows the distance distribution is created based thereon. The class with the highest frequency which is the peak at the side nearer than the focus distance is searched based on the histogram and a rectangular area Ln which includes pixels which have a subject distance within the searched range is set. The average parallax amount Pn which is included in the rectangular area Ln is calculated and it is confirmed whether Pn is within a range of parallax amounts a and a?t1. In a case where Pn is not within a range of parallax amounts a and a?t1 which is set in advance, the aperture value is adjusted such that Pn is within the range of the parallax amounts a and a?t1.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a shaped object is provided, in which a surface of the shaped object can be decorated, while the shaped object being in a forming process. In the manufacturing method of a shaped object, according to the present invention; by way of laminating ink discharged from different ink-jet nozzles, forming operation and decorating operation on a surface of a formed structure can also be put into practice at the same time.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for computing an effective inter-ocular distance for a modeled viewer based on a maximum ocular divergence angle. A maximum ocular divergence angle, viewing distance, and an inter-ocular distance are obtained for the modeled viewer. An effective inter-ocular distance is computed based on the viewing distance, the inter-ocular distance, and the maximum ocular divergence angle. The effective inter-ocular distance represents the maximum positive parallax for the modeled viewer having the defined maximum ocular divergence angle. The effective inter-ocular distance may be used in a stereoscopic modeling system in place of the inter-ocular distance, the stereoscopic modeling system relating a set of parameters in a camera space to a set of parameters in viewer space. The stereoscopic modeling system may be a stereoscopic transformation.

Abstract: A stereo camera module includes a substrate provided with a plurality of installation brackets, a plurality of camera modules rotatably coupled to the installation brackets, a rotating part provided on the installation brackets so as to be rotatably coupled to a rotation coupling part provided on the camera modules, a driving unit provided on the installation brackets for rotatably driving the camera modules using magnetic force, and a control unit for adjusting the magnetic force generated by the driving unit by applying a current, which corresponds to inputted angle-adjustment data, to the driving unit to thereby control the rotation of the camera modules using the adjusted magnetic force.

Abstract: A problem related to a known eyewear-type electro-oculogram measuring apparatus which detects the eye potential using a pair of electrodes positioned outside both the eyes of a user and a pair of electrodes respectively positioned above and below one eye is that the two pairs of electrodes have had an impact on the skins of users, and discomfort on them. Besides, the electrodes are not excellent in design. The present invention provides eyewear including: a frame; a pair of nose pads; and a first electrode and a second electrode respectively provided on the surface of the pair of nose pads, the first electrode and the second electrode detecting eye potential.

Abstract: Systems and methods for stereo imaging with camera arrays in accordance with embodiments of the invention are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method of generating depth information for an object using two or more array cameras that each include a plurality of imagers includes obtaining a first set of image data captured from a first set of viewpoints, identifying an object in the first set of image data, determining a first depth measurement, determining whether the first depth measurement is above a threshold, and when the depth is above the threshold: obtaining a second set of image data of the same scene from a second set of viewpoints located known distances from one viewpoint in the first set of viewpoints, identifying the object in the second set of image data, and determining a second depth measurement using the first set of image data and the second set of image data.

Abstract: An image capturing apparatus includes a light source to emit first light to a light translucent member, an image sensor to capture an adhering detection frame for acquiring an adhering detection image to detect a substance adhering on the light translucent member by using the first light emitted from the light source, and to capture object recognition frames for acquiring object recognition images for recognizing objects other than the substance by receiving second light, and circuitry to set a frame time of the adhering detection frame shorter than a frame time of each of the object recognition frames, and to set an exposure time of an object recognition frame right after the adhering detection frame to a value that prevents overlapping of an exposure period of the adhering detection frame and an exposure period of the object recognition frame right after the adhering detection frame.

Abstract: Provided is a non-contact sensing device that comprises a sensor comprising a plurality of function key sensors. A function key sensor of the plurality of function key sensors has a field of view. The function key sensor is constructed and arranged to detect a hand gesture at the field of view and to generate a function key control signal in response to detecting the hand gesture at the field of view. A processor processes the function key control signal from the function key sensor and outputs a command to a remote apparatus in response to the processed control signal.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes receiving, by a processor, a first annotation corresponding to one or more markings made by a first user within a first collaboration region of a first surface. The first surface is remote from a second surface. The method also includes identifying, by the processor, a second collaboration region on the second surface. The second surface is proximate a camera. The method also includes displaying, by the processor, the first annotation in the second collaboration region. The method also includes creating, by the processor, a second annotation corresponding to one or more markings made by a second user within the second collaboration region on the second surface. The method also includes transmitting, by the processor, the second annotation.

Abstract: Provided is a calibration device that can calculate the mounting state of a stereo camera without the placing of a physical marker. In this device, an area setting processor (113) preliminarily sets, for an integrated image in which a road surface image region and a setting-prohibited region are integrated, an arrangement pattern having a plurality of area setting frames, and adjusts the arrangement pattern so that the plurality of area setting frames recede from each other. An extraction processor (114) extracts from distance images a plurality of partial images corresponding to the plurality of area setting frames. A mounting-state calculation unit (104) calculates a mounting-state parameter on the basis of a plurality of partial images, such parameter relating to the mounting state of a stereo camera used to pick up stereo images.

Abstract: Injection of 3D metadata into a requested video is disclosed. An input video and associated metadata are received by a video hosting site. If the metadata indicates that the input video is a 3D video, the 3D video system extracts the accompanying 3D metadata and stores it in an intermediate format, which is independent of the 3D metadata format and video format of the input video. The 3D video system stores the received video in a standard 2D video format in a video database. Responsive to a video streaming request of the input video, the 3D video system determines the actual 3D metadata format based on the video format of the requested video, and injects a modified 3D metadata associated with the input video into the requested video.

Abstract: A rate control method for multi-layered video coding, a video encoding apparatus and a video signal processing system employing the rate control method. In the rate control method for multi-layered video coding, encoding statistical information is generated based on the result of encoding input video data on a first layer. A second rate controller generates a plurality of quantization parameters to be used when encoding is performed on a second layer, based on the encoding statistical information and/or region of interest (ROI) information. Target numbers of bits that are to be respectively assigned to regions of a second layer are determined based on the encoding statistical information and/or ROI information, and the input video data is encoded at the second layer, based on the target numbers of bits.

Abstract: A three-dimensional measurement is refined by warping two-dimensional images of an object from offset camera positions according to a three-dimensional model of the object, and applying any resulting discrepancies to refine the three-dimensional model, or to refine one of a number of three-dimensional measurements used to create the three-dimensional model.

Abstract: Video data is received in 2D or 3D format from different channels as a user scrolls through an electronic guide. The video data may be displayed in a portion of the on: screen display along with graphic and text associated with the EPG data. The received video data may be converted to a suitable format to be displayed with the Electronic Program Guide (EPG). The video data may be converted from 3D to 2D format to be displayed with the EPG data. The video data may be converted from 2D format to 3D format, while the EPG data displays in 2D format. The video data may be converted from one 3D format to another 3D format for display with the EPG data. Selection of converting the received video data can be based on a display format of a previously viewed channel prior to requesting the EPG to be displayed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display with separated polarizer device comprises a frame; a backlight module, deposited in the frame; a liquid crystal panel, deposited in the frame and separated from the backlight module; a transparent substrate, deposited in the frame and separated from the liquid crystal panel; a first polarizer device, deposited on a surface of the backlight module facing the liquid crystal panel; and a second polarizer device, deposited on a surface of the transparent substrate facing the liquid crystal panel; therefore, reworking of the liquid crystal display is facilitated.

Abstract: An image encoding method for an encoding system includes receiving a first image captured by a main camera and a second image captured by a sub camera provided in the same plane; comparing pixel values of pixels at first coordinates of each of the first and second images to obtain a first difference value; determining the first coordinates are in surface or back region in case of the first difference value is not more than or more than a first threshold value; pixel-shifting the second image by a first shift amount; and comparing the pixel value at the first coordinates of the first image with that of the second image after the pixel shift to obtain a second difference value, determining whether the first coordinates are in the surface or back region based on the second difference value, and recording into a second frame different from the first frame.

Abstract: A compound-eye type stereoscopic image shooting apparatus has a single image sensing device and two shooting optical systems. The two shooting optical systems include a first shooting optical system for forming a first subject image composed of light in a first wavelength range alone and a second shooting optical system for forming a second subject image composed of light in a second wavelength range alone which is different from the first wavelength range. The image sensing device has an image sensing surface divided into a first image sensing area for recording the first subject image and a second image sensing area for recording the second subject image. The image sensing device has, on the image sensing surface, a wavelength filter that transmits, in the first image sensing area, light in the first wavelength range alone and, in the second image sensing area, light in the second wavelength range alone.

Abstract: A 3-dimensional image display includes a display panel and a light deflecting lens array. The display panel is to display a sequence of images with actively emitting an image light. The images are corresponding to a plurality of viewing zones and sequentially displayed by a time sequence. The light deflecting lens array is disposed over the display panel. The light deflecting lens array has a plurality of light deflecting units, and the light deflecting units sequentially deflect the image light to the corresponding viewing zones by the same time sequence.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for converting an overlay area of a two-dimensional (2D) monoscopic image into a three-dimensional (3D) image are provided. A depth map representing a perspective based on an input monoscopic image is generated to provide depth values of the input monoscopic image. At least one overlay area and at least one background image included in the input monoscopic image are then detected, and a depth value of one or more or both of the overlay area and the background image are corrected to a desired value. A stereoscopic image is generated based on the corrected depth value, such that the resulting stereoscopic image prevents inconsistent viewing depths between an overlay area and the background image in order to prevent viewer fatigue.

Abstract: An object observable in various images of an environment is recognized as being the same object, even when partially occluded in some images. In one particular implementation, the object is a hand which may be used for gesture input to an augmented reality system. A flexible similarity measurement metric is computed to aid in determining whether hands captured through 2D images of the environment are the same or different, regardless of whether the hands are fully observed or partially occluded. The similarity measurement metric accommodates for translation, rotation, and scaling of the hand to enable recognition of a common hand through a sequence of images even if that hand is partially occluded in some images.

Abstract: A system that incorporates teachings of the present disclosure may include, for example, controller and a memory that stores executable instructions that, when executed by the controller, facilitate performance of operations that include receiving a media content including three-dimensional image content for presentation on a display device. A presence is determined of a viewer within a line-of-sight of the display device, wherein the viewer is without a viewing apparatus that facilitates viewing of the three-dimensional image content. The media content is adapted to include two-dimensional image content, based on the determining of the presence of the viewer within the line-of-sight and without the viewing apparatus. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A method of processing three-dimensional image data includes demodulating a first transmission signal into image data which is image data for a left-eye or image data for a right-eye, wherein the first transmission signal is received during an enable period of a frame; demodulating a second transmission signal into identification data, where the second transmission signal is received during a blanking period of the frame, and the identification data identifies the image data of a subsequent frame; identifying whether the image data of the subsequent frame is the image data for the left-eye or the image data for the right-eye based on the identification data; and processing the image data based on an identified result from the identifying whether the image data of the subsequent frame is the image data for the left-eye or the image data for the right-eye.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating movement of a vehicle using stereo image matching is provided, which divides the stereo image information into ground, background and object labels and measures information about rotation and movement of the vehicle using the label and background labels.

Abstract: The disclosed method for processing a digital broadcast signal for a 3-dimensional, 3D, service comprises encoding video data for the 3D service into a video stream, the video data comprising a left picture and a right picture for a 3D image, generating the broadcast signal having the video data and service information for the 3D service, the service information including video depth range descriptor indicating a minimum disparity and a maximum disparity that occur during a given time window of the video stream, wherein the minimum disparity and the maximum disparity are a minimum difference and a maximum difference between horizontal positions of a pixel representing a same point in space in the left and right views of 3-dimensional image, respectively, and transmitting the digital broadcast signal for the 3D service.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a double-vision display device comprising a display panel and a grating, wherein the display panel includes a plurality of sub-pixels, and, the grating includes light shading regions and light transmittance regions alternately arranged in a first direction. A distance between midlines of two adjacent ones of the light transmittance regions in each row of the light transmittance regions along the first direction is at least four times as large as a length of one of the sub-pixels along the first direction. Meanwhile, embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for driving the abovementioned double-vision display device. With the abovementioned double-vision display device and the method for driving the same, the double-vision display function is guaranteed while allowing a greater distance between a plane where the grating is located and a plane where the sub-pixels are located.

Abstract: In response to an input of a recording instruction, a recorder is controlled to record on a recording medium moving image data of a predetermined time length before the recording instruction is input among the moving image data temporarily stored in a memory, and in response to that a predetermined condition is determined to be satisfied before the recording instruction is input, the recording unit is controlled not to record on the recording medium the moving image data stored in the memory before the predetermined condition is determined to be satisfied.

Abstract: An image display device includes: a feature value calculating section which calculates an image feature value related to the brightness of image data using parallax between image data for a right eye and image data for a left eye which form 3D image data; an expanding coefficient calculating section which calculates an expanding coefficient, which is related to brightness expand processing, on the basis of the image feature value; a brightness expanding processing section which performs brightness expanding processing on the image data for the right eye and the image data for the left eye on the basis of the expanding coefficient; and an image display section which displays an image on the basis of the image data for the right eye and the image data for the left eye subjected to the brightness expanding processing.

Abstract: An object is to obtain a focal length of an imaging device with ease at a high speed. In order to achieve the object concerned, an information processing device is configured to include: an image obtaining unit that, with regard to an object in a state where a spatial relationship with an imaging system is kept, obtains a standard image in which the object is imaged by an imaging condition having a known standard focal length, and a reference image in which the object is imaged by an imaging condition having an unknown reference focal length; and a focal length obtaining unit that obtains a value of the reference focal length by performing arithmetic operation processing for scaling a value of the standard focal length by using information of image sizes of the object in the standard image and the reference image.

Abstract: An image display device includes a system block producing source data from a video signal received from the outside, a display block displaying 2D data or 3D data included in the source data, and a multifunctional block including a single multifunctional chip for integrating a first function, a second function, and a third function and a memory. The first function reflects a depth information on the 2D data based on motion evaluation for extracting an object and converts the 2D data into the 3D data. The second function renders the 3D data in conformity with a driving environment of the display block. The third function up-converts a frame rate of the 2D data based on the motion evaluation. The memory individually stores the 2D data of a predetermined amount for the motion evaluation.

Abstract: Using the techniques discussed herein, a set of images is captured by one or more array imagers (106). Each array imager includes multiple imagers configured in various manners. Each array imager captures multiple images of substantially a same scene at substantially a same time. The images captured by each array image are encoded by multiple processors (112, 114). Each processor can encode sets of images captured by a different array imager, or each processor can encode different sets of images captured by the same array imager. The encoding of the images is performed using various image-compression techniques so that the information that results from the encoding is smaller, in terms of storage size, than the uncompressed images.

Abstract: A device for stereoscopic examination of an eye, in particular a slit-lamp microscope, comprises, according to a first aspect of the invention, a lens for generating two images of the eye, wherein the device comprises at least one image sensor for electronic recording of the two images. According to a second aspect of the invention, the device for examination of an eye, in particular the slit-lamp microscope, comprises a lens for generating one image, wherein it comprises an image sensor for electronic recording of one image, and a viewing unit with an image-reproducing unit for presenting the image, and an eyepiece for viewing the image.

Abstract: In some example techniques for generating and updating depth map estimates used for inter-view motion prediction and/or inter-view residual prediction for coding multiview video data, each of a plurality of dependent views is associated with a dependent depth view estimate, which may be generated or updated based on coding of the texture data of the dependent view relative to a base view. In such examples, each of the dependent depth map estimates may be warped to the base view to produce a respective one of a plurality of base depth map estimates. Each dependent depth map estimate and the respective base depth map estimate for a depth map estimate pair associated with the respective one of the plurality of dependent views.

Abstract: A three dimensional (3D)imaging system capable of effectively displaying a 3D image suitable for a user by use of different cameras, and an image reproducing method thereof, the 3D imaging system configured to have different cameras freely selected without restriction while enabling the placement of the cameras thereof to be changeable according to the disposition of eyes of the user, so that a 3D image is generated and displayed from a stereo image adapted to the user, and by using the by-user generated 3D image, various contents services including a real time broadcasting, a Contents on Demand (COD), games, and a video communication are provided to a user, so that the fatigue or dizziness of a user is reduced, and the optimum perception of 3D sense is provided.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an imaging method including: by an imaging device, detecting a user that can be present in a predetermined area; calculating three-dimensional coordinates of an eye and a hand of the detected the user; determining an imaging range on a basis of the calculated the three-dimensional coordinates of the eye and the hand of the user; and imaging the determined the imaging range.

Abstract: The registration of images captured at multiple locations, for purposes such as location mapping, can be improved by utilizing multiple image capture elements pointing in at least two different directions or having different viewable ranges. At least one primary image is captured at each location. If the primary image is not able to be correlated with at least one other image based on one or more matching features, image information captured by at least one other camera at substantially the same times as those images can be analyzed to attempt to determine a change in position and/or orientation of the device between those times, which can assist in correlating the primary images. In some embodiments, motion or orientation determining elements can assist in the determination of device movement, and in at least some embodiments can reduce the amount of image information to be processed for a match.

Abstract: One or more techniques to reduce or eliminate the false depth of objects that move along the axis of ocular separation when displayed using time division multiplexing. Experiments can be performed to determine a perceived depth of an object moving with known velocity. Then, when rendering stereoscopic image pairs, the location of the object can be modified to change the perceived stereoscopic depth of the object to compensate for the false depth. In one technique, the images can be displayed with alternating left- and right-precedence to reduce the perception of false depth.

Abstract: In 3D display, when double the frequency of the input clock exceeds the maximum rate of transmission to cinema display circuit 104, the multiply ratio of the clock is lowered from 2× multiplication and the output horizontal total clock number is reduced accordingly.

Abstract: There are provided a method and apparatus for illumination and color compensation for multi-view video coding. A video encoder includes an encoder for encoding a picture by enabling color compensation of at least one color component in a prediction of the picture based upon a correlation factor relating to color data between the picture and another picture. The picture and the other picture have different view points and both corresponding to multi-view content for a same or similar scene.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for modeling a scene from a plurality of maps representative of depth, each map representative of depth being associated with a view of the said scene according to a particular viewpoint, To optimize the fidelity and precision of the scene modeling, the method comprises the following steps: generating, for each map representative of depth, a surface representative of the said depth map in world space; estimating a volume bounding all surfaces generated, the said bounding volume being discretised into a plurality of voxels; associating attributes representative of transparency with the said voxels of the bounding volume; and generating a resulting surface according to the attributes representative of transparency associated with the said voxels. The invention also relates to a device for processing the data representative of the corresponding depth.

Abstract: There are provided a method and apparatus for illumination and color compensation for multi-view video coding. A video encoder includes an encoder for encoding a picture by enabling color compensation of at least one color component in a prediction of the picture based upon a correlation factor relating to color data between the picture and another picture. The picture and the other picture have different view points and both corresponding to multi-view content for a same or similar scene.

Abstract: An image producing program executed by a computer of an image producing apparatus producing images to be displayed on a planar-view display apparatus, causes the computer to function as: first image producing means producing a planar view image of a virtual space by a reference virtual camera for providing planar view of the virtual space; display control means displaying the planar view image on the display apparatus; second image producing means for, while the planar view image is displayed on the display apparatus, setting a stereoscopic view virtual camera based on setting of the reference virtual camera and taking an image of the virtual space with the stereoscopic view virtual camera, thereby producing a stereoscopic view image including a right eye image and a left eye image obtained based on at least two viewpoints; and stereoscopic view image storage control means storing the stereoscopic view image in a storage apparatus.

Abstract: A 3-D image processing device for processing a 3-D image data, wherein the 3-D image data has a base frame and a dependent frame, including: an image detection unit, detecting the 3-D image data to obtain the base frame and the dependent frame; an image compensation unit, generating a compensation dependent frame by performing image compensation for the dependent frame based on the base frame; and a display device, displaying a 3-D compensation image data according to the base frame and the compensation dependent frame, wherein the base frame and the dependent frame constitute a visual 3-D image, and the base frame has more image details than the dependent frame.

Abstract: A technique that enables an image distortion caused on a pseudo image of an object to be reduced is provided. In order to achieve the object, an image processor includes a first obtaining section for obtaining a base image, a second obtaining section for obtaining first pieces of distance information, a first generating section for generating second pieces of distance information by executing a process for reducing dispersion of the first pieces of distance information, and a second generating section for generating a pseudo image constituting a stereoscopic image. The first generating section executes the reducing process so that strength for reducing the dispersion of the first pieces of distance information in a second direction crossing a first direction on an original distance image relating to the first pieces of distance information is stronger than strength for reducing the dispersion in the first direction on the original distance image.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for using unique landmarks to position industrial vehicles during start-up. In one embodiment, a method of using pre-positioned objects as landmarks to operate an industrial vehicle is provided. The method comprises identifying a start-up scenario from sensor data, wherein the start-up scenario comprises a unique marker start-up or a pre-positioned object start-up. in response to the identified start-up scenario, either a unique marker or pre-positioned object is identified within a physical environment, wherein the pre-positioned object or unique marker corresponds with a sub-area of the physical environment. The industrial vehicle pose is determined in response to the identity of the pre-positioned object or unique marker and the industrial vehicle is operated based on the determined industrial vehicle pose.

Abstract: Stereoscopic image processing methods and apparatus are described. Left and right eye images of a stereoscopic frame are examined to determine if one or more difference reduction operations designed to reduce the luminance and/or chrominance differences between the left and right frames is within a range used to trigger a difference reduction operation. A difference reduction operation may involve assigning portions of the left and right frames to different depth regions and/or other region categories. A decision on whether or not to perform a difference reduction operation is then performed on a per regions basis with at the difference between the left and right eye portions of at least one region being reduced when a difference reduction operation is to be performed. The difference reduction process may, and in some embodiments is, performed in a precoder which processes left and right eye images of stereoscopic frames prior to stereoscopic encoding.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for applying film grain to stereoscopic or multi-view images or sequences of stereoscopic or multi-view images are described. After retrieving an image pair or a set of multi-view images a depth map for the image pair or the set of multi-view images and a confidence map for the depth map are obtained. Film grain is then applied to non-occluded areas of the images in accordance with depth values of the depth map and confidence values of the confidence map. Occluded areas of the images are processed separately by first deriving depth values for these areas and then applying film grain to these areas in accordance with the derived depth values.

Abstract: An optical measuring apparatus for measuring optical characteristics of a stereoscopic display device includes a test image supplier for generating a 3D test signal, a 3D display for displaying left-eye image and/or right-eye image based on the 3D test signal supplied from the test image supplier, a image selection member for selectively transmitting the left-eye image and right-eye image to be displayed on the 3D display, and a light measuring device for measuring intensity or color information of the image transmitted via the image selection member.

Abstract: To provide a solution by which adjustment of the depth display of the image can be easily carried out by the user at will in a technique for forming a 3-D image from plural images, from the plural feed images, one feed image is extracted as the reference feed image, with an object recognition process being carried out to extract the object region having the prescribed characteristic features. The reference feed image IL is displayed on the display unit 108 together with the markers MK indicating the object regions, and the user selects one object region. A region that is similar in image content with the selected region is detected from each other feed image, with the images being shifted so that the regions overlap each other.

Abstract: A representation of a user can move with respect to a graphical user interface based on input of a user. The graphical user interface comprises a central region and interaction elements disposed outside of the central region. The interaction elements are not shown until the representation of the user is aligned with the central region. A gesture of the user is recognized, and, based on the recognized gesture, the display of the graphical user interface is altered and an application control is outputted.