Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling a head-up display (HUD) considering an eye tracking status are provided. The method includes identifying an eye tracking status based on a result of an eye tracking, and identifying a rendering mode for an HUD image to be one of a two-dimensional (2D) rendering mode and a three-dimensional (3D) rendering mode based on the eye tracking status.

Abstract: To provide a display apparatus that makes it possible to further improve a performance in controlling video presentation according to characteristics of an eyeball of a user. A display apparatus is provided that includes a light source; a processor that performs processing on a distribution of characteristics of an eyeball; a monitoring section that monitors a state of the eyeball; a matching section that performs matching on the distribution of the characteristics of the eyeball and the state of the eyeball; and an irradiator that irradiates a specified position on a retina with video display light emitted by the light source.

Abstract: Systems and methods disclosed provided a virtual reality experience, including: a set of motorized pads for coupling to feet of a user; a means of communication between the set of motorized pads and a computing environment operating a virtual reality headset; such that the set of motorized pads are configured to provide pressure on a user's feet as an avatar within a virtual environment traverses the environment. Systems and methods disclosed further provide a multiuser virtual reality experience. Systems and methods disclosed further provide a multiuser experience including generation of a common environment viewable in the virtual reality headsets; and recording a tour including audio data as the first user describes the common environment.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method for mitigating 3D crosstalk and a 3D display. The method includes: detecting first and second eye positions of a user, and determining a viewing angle of the user and a rotation angle of a head of the user accordingly; estimating a first reference position and a first midpoint position between first and second eyes of the user based on the first and second eye positions of the user; obtaining a second reference position, and estimating a difference between the first and second reference positions; correcting the first midpoint position to a second midpoint position based on the rotation angle of the user and the difference; and determining a first pixel for projecting to the first eye and a second pixel for projecting to the second eye among the pixels of the 3D display based on the second midpoint position.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel, a lens array disposed on a first surface of the display panel and including a plurality of lenses, and an optical filter disposed on the first surface of the display panel. The optical filter includes a plurality of first portions and a plurality of second portions which are alternately arranged in a first direction parallel to the first surface of the display panel. Each of the plurality of first portions has a first transmittance value. Each of the plurality of second portions has a symmetric light transmittance distribution in which a transmittance value increases from the center having a second transmittance value to each of opposite ends having a third transmittance value.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided.

Abstract: Augmented reality systems provide graphics over views from a mobile device for both in-venue and remote viewing of a sporting or other event. A server system can provide a transformation between the coordinate system of a mobile device (smart phone, tablet computer, head mounted display) and a real world coordinate system. Requested graphics for the event are displayed over a view of an event.

Abstract: An orthogonal or multi-dimensional fabric user interface is described herein. A remote server executes an operating system that provides a multi-dimensional fabric user interface for storing content for a particular user. The user can access select content by manipulating the multi-dimensional fabric user interface through a graphical user interface displayed on a personal mobile computing device. In this way, the user experiences and manipulates various data dimensions around the specific content they are accessing, rather than selecting a particular file structure location. The remote server also enables the user to enter a first location side of a portal and travel to a virtual representation a second actual physical location in the multi-dimensional fabric user interface from a virtual representation of a first actual physical location in the multi-dimensional fabric user interface.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods and apparatus for graphics processing. The apparatus may configure a plurality of billboards associated with a viewpoint of a first frame of a plurality of frames, the plurality of billboards being configured in one or more layers at least partially around the viewpoint, the configuration of the plurality of billboards being based on one or more volumetric elements between at least one of the plurality of billboards and the viewpoint. The apparatus may also render an image associated with each of the one or more volumetric elements between at least one billboard of the plurality of billboards and the viewpoint, the rendered image including a set of pixels. The apparatus may also store data in the at least one billboard based on the rendered image associated with each of the one or more volumetric elements, the data corresponding to the set of pixels.

Abstract: A method includes a computing system receiving an image of a real-world environment, the image including at least a portion of a hand of a user of an artificial reality device, the hand comprising a palm and a plurality of fingers. The computing system determines a hand pose of the hand using the image, and defines, based on the hand pose, a three-dimensional surface positioned in the palm of the hand. The computing system determines, based on the hand pose, distances between predetermined portions of the plurality of fingers and the three-dimensional surface. The computing system assigns, based on the distances, a pose value for each of the plurality of fingers of the hand and determines, based on the pose values for the plurality of fingers, a grab state of the hand.

Abstract: Provided are a display substrate, a preparation method and a driving method thereof, and a display apparatus. The display substrate includes a circuit substrate, a plurality of elastic electrode pillars disposed on the circuit substrate, and a plurality of second addressing electrodes and a plurality of light-emitting elements disposed on the elastic electrode pillars, the circuit substrate includes an addressing circuit and a plurality of first addressing electrodes, wherein the addressing circuit is configured to provide a first electrostatic voltage to the first addressing electrodes and a second electrostatic voltage to the second addressing electrodes; the first electrostatic voltage and the second electrostatic voltage are configured to control the deflection angle of the elastic electrode pillar.

Abstract: A display device comprises: a display panel including a first display area comprising a first pixels, and a second display area comprising a second pixels, each pixel including a light emitting element; a data driver circuit configured to output data voltages of an image to the first and second pixels; a gate driver configured to output scan signals to the first and second pixels; and a power supply configured to generate a low-potential power supply voltage that is applied to the light emitting element included in each pixel, the low-potential power supply voltage switching between a first level such that the light emitting element is capable of emitting light, and a second level such that the light emitting element cannot emit light, wherein a frame period of the display device includes an addressing period during which the low-potential power supply voltage switches from the second level to the first level.

Abstract: A system and method are disclosed to generate one or more mixed-reality visualizations and objects to facilitate efficient interaction with large volumes of data. Embodiments include a computer comprising a processor and memory and a mixed-reality display device comprising a display and one or more sensors. Embodiments generate a mixed-reality object comprising a first cuboid, the first cuboid comprising one or more adjustable display dimensions corresponding to one or more key process indicators (KPIs) and one or more cubelets divided along at least one of the one or more adjustable display dimensions. Embodiments display the mixed-reality object on the display, and adjust at least one of the one or more adjustable display dimensions in response to receiving a first input to the one or more sensors. In response to a second input, embodiments transform the one or more cubelets of the first cuboid.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems and methods for using printing process data to predict quality measures for three-dimensional (3D) printed objects and properties of the materials comprising the 3D objects. Printing may be performed using resistive or Joule printing. The system may include a computer communicatively coupled to a 3D printing apparatus, which may store printing parameters. The 3D printing apparatus may be able to take measurements during a print job, and record those measurements in memory. The 3D printing apparatus may also be able to record printing states before, during, and/or after printing. A combination of printing states, printing parameters, and measurements may be analyzed, for example, by a machine learning algorithm, in order to predict material properties and quality measures.

Abstract: A light field display method includes: generating a pixel light field information database (S1); processing, according to different depth positions of an original three-dimensional image, slice images corresponding to the different depth positions and pixel light field information at the different depth positions, to obtain recorded images of the slice images of the original three-dimensional image at the different depth positions (S2); and superimposing the recorded images of the slice images of the original three-dimensional image at the different depth positions, to obtain a microcell array image of the original three-dimensional image (S3). A light field display system has a database generator (101), a recorded image generator (102), and a superimposer (103) which implement the described functions. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium stores thereon a computer program for implementing the method. A display panel includes the non-transitory computer readable storage medium.

Abstract: A naked-eye stereoscopic display system including a display, an optical element, and a controller is provided. The display is adapted to emit a plurality of image beams, and includes a plurality of display regions. Each of the display regions includes a plurality of first sub-display regions and a second sub-display region. A light configuration is performed on the image beams by the optical element, and then the image beams are projected out of the naked-eye stereoscopic display. The controller is electrically connected with the display. The controller controls the display, so that a light intensity of an image beam generated by the first sub-display regions is lower than a light intensity of an image beam generated by the second sub-display region. A display method of the naked-eye stereoscopic display is also provided.

Abstract: A system and methods for a CODEC driving a real-time light field display for multi-dimensional video streaming, interactive gaming and other light field display applications is provided applying a layered scene decomposition strategy. Multi-dimensional scene data is divided into a plurality of data layers of increasing depths as the distance between a given layer and the display surface increases. Data layers which are sampled using an effective resolution function to determine a suitable sampling rate and rendered using hybrid rendering, such as perspective and oblique rendering, to encode light fields corresponding to each data layer. The resulting compressed, (layered) core representation of the multi-dimensional scene data is produced at predictable rates, reconstructed and merged at the light field display in real-time by applying view synthesis protocols, including edge adaptive interpolation, to reconstruct pixel arrays in stages (e.g. columns then rows) from reference elemental images.

Abstract: Techniques are described for expanding and/or improving the Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) 3.0 television protocol in robustly delivering the next generation broadcast television services. Telepresence is provided through over-the-air (OTA) virtual reality (VR) broadcast streams.

Abstract: A display device provided by the present disclosure includes: a plurality of display units arranged in an array, wherein each display unit includes m sub-pixels, the m sub-pixels of the display unit are in one-to-one correspondence with m preset viewing areas, and m is an integer greater than or equal to 2; and refraction structures in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of display units, wherein each refraction structure is located on a light emitting side of a display unit corresponding to the refraction structure, and the refraction structure is configured to refract light emitted from each sub-pixel of a corresponding display unit to a viewing area corresponding to the sub-pixel.

Abstract: The present technology relates to a display device that enables content having a wide dynamic range of brightness to be displayed with an appropriate brightness from a reproduction device. The display comprises circuitry configured to store display information related to high dynamic range (HDR) video and to transmit to the reproduction device an extended display identification data that includes display information representing a performance of the display device. The display device includes a monitor configured to display an image of the HDR video in accordance with brightness designated by HDR information if the monitor is capable of displaying the designated brightness and to adjust a brightness of the image of the HDR video to a brightness capability of the monitor if the monitor is not capable of displaying the designated brightness.

Abstract: Provided is a multi-image display apparatus including an image forming device configured to form a first image, a first polarization plate configured to transmit a first polarization component of the first image provided from the image forming device, a second polarization plate configured to transmit a second polarization component of a second image that is provided from a path different from the first image, the second polarization component being different from the first polarization component, a screen configured to reflect and diffuse the first image, and transmit the second image, and a polarization selective lens configured to focus the first image having the first polarization component, and transmit the second image having the second polarization component without refraction.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image processing method and apparatus. The image processing method includes obtaining visual information related to an object in an image, generating valid data from the image based on the visual information, and transmitting the valid data.

Abstract: An image processing device according to one embodiment includes an acquisition unit, a generation unit, a calculation unit, and an estimation unit. The acquisition unit acquires an input image. The generation unit generates a plurality of comparison images by superimposing each of a plurality of noises with different densities from each other on a target region being at least part of the input image. The calculation unit calculates, for each of the plurality of comparison images, the degradation level of the comparison image with respect to the input image. The estimation unit estimates the noise level of the input image based on a plurality of calculated degradation levels.

Abstract: Systems and methods for HDMI signal communication over an optical communication link are described. One aspect includes receiving an HDMI control signal from an HDMI master device, and another HDMI control signal from an HDMI sink terminal via a communication resources. The method identifies half-duplex communication resource contention between the HDMI control signal and the other HDMI control signal, and transitions a communication direction of the half-duplex communication resources to give the HDMI control signal precedence over the other HDMI control signal. Subsequent to transitioning the communication direction, the method transfers the HDMI control signal to the HDMI sink terminal via the communication resources. Subsequent to transferring the HDMI control signal, the method again transitions the direction of the half-duplex communication resources, and transfers the other HMDI control signal to the HDMI master device.

Abstract: Various embodiments described herein provide implementations for controlling flicker, for example caused by a plurality of light sources, in a multi-sensor environment. Various embodiments provided utilize a broadest illuminator source for capturing image data objects for processing. The broadest illuminator source minimizes the number of activation changes required between the various illuminator sources. One example embodiment includes activating a broadest illuminator source of a plurality of illuminator sources; determining, based on a plurality of image sensors and an sensor activation sequence, a chosen image sensor of the plurality of image sensors for an image processing operation; and activating a chosen illuminator source of the plurality of illuminator sources, the chosen illuminator source associated with the chosen image sensor.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a material identification method and a device based on laser speckle and modal fusion, an electronic device and a non-transitory computer readable storage medium. The method includes: performing data acquisition on an object by using a structured light camera to obtain a color modal image, a depth modal image and an infrared modal image; preprocessing the color modal image, the depth modal image and the infrared modal image; and inputting the color modal image, the depth modal image and the infrared modal image preprocessed into a preset depth neural network for training, to learn a material characteristic from a speckle structure and a coupling relation between color modal and depth modal, to generate a material classification model for classifying materials, and to generate a material prediction result in testing by the material classification model of the object.

Abstract: A display device for measuring the end-to-end latency of a computing system. The computing system includes an input device, a computing device, and the display device. The display device is directly connected with the input device and receives input data packets generated by the input device in response to received user input events. The display device passes the input packets to the computing device for graphics processing. The display device measures the end-to-end latency comprising the sum of three latencies. A first latency comprises an input delay of the input device. A second latency comprises an amount of time between generation of the input packet and a corresponding change in pixel values caused by the input event at the display device. A third latency comprises a display latency. The display device also displays latency information associated with the measured end-to-end latency.

Abstract: System and method for improving the shaving experience by providing improved visibility of the skin shaving area. A digital camera is integrated with the electric shaver for close image capturing of shaving area, and displaying it on a display unit. The display unit can be integral part of the electric shaver casing, or housed in a separated device which receives the image via a communication channel. The communication channel can be wireless (using radio, audio or light) or wired, such as dedicated cabling or using powerline communication. A light source is used to better illuminate the shaving area. Video compression and digital image processing techniques are used for providing for improved shaving results. The wired communication medium can simultaneously be used also for carrying power from the electric shaver assembly to the display unit, or from the display unit to the electric shaver.

Abstract: A lenticular display may be formed with convex curvature. The lenticular display may have a lenticular lens film with lenticular lenses that extend across the length of the display. The lenticular lenses may be configured to enable stereoscopic viewing of the display. To enable more curvature in the display while ensuring satisfactory stereoscopic display performance, the display may have stereoscopic zones and non-stereoscopic zones. A central stereoscopic zone may be interposed between first and second non-stereoscopic zones. The non-stereoscopic zones may have more curvature than the stereoscopic zone. To prevent crosstalk within the lenticular display, a louver film may be incorporated into the display. The pixel array may have a diagonal layout and may be covered by vertically oriented lenticular lenses.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus for performing speech recognition. In some implementations, acoustic data representing an utterance is obtained. The acoustic data corresponds to time steps in a series of time steps. One or more computers process scores indicative of the acoustic data using a recurrent neural network to generate a sequence of outputs. The sequence of outputs indicates a likely output label from among a predetermined set of output labels. The predetermined set of output labels includes output labels that respectively correspond to different linguistic units and to a placeholder label that does not represent a classification of acoustic data. The recurrent neural network is configured to use an output label indicated for a previous time step to determine an output label for the current time step. The generated sequence of outputs is processed to generate a transcription of the utterance, and the transcription of the utterance is provided.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for eye gesture recognition. In one aspect, a method includes obtaining an electrical signal that represents a measurement, by a photodetector, of an optical signal reflected from an eye and determining a depth map of the eye based on phase differences between the electrical signal generated by the photodetector and a reference signal. Further, the method includes determining gaze information that represents a gaze of the eye based on the depth map and providing output data representing the gaze information.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an electronic device presents representations of items of content available for playback on the electronic device. The representations are optionally presented in a horizontally-scrollable row. In response to a user input to horizontally scroll the row of representations, in some embodiments, the electronic device presents an animation of moving a cropping frame/border between respective representations to scroll the presented representations. In some embodiments, an electronic device presents representations of auxiliary content related to an item of content in a product page user interface of the item of content. In some embodiments, an electronic device presents representations of items of content in accordance with content consumption history of the user account. In some embodiments, an electronic device presents representations of bonus content items associated with a series of episodic content.

Abstract: A drive circuit, a display assembly, and a display device are provided. The drive circuit includes a display drive module, at least one display control module, and a discharge control module. The display control module is configured to receive a data signal and transmit a first power-supply voltage to the display drive module according to the data signal. The display drive module is configured to transmit, under control of a scan signal and the data signal, the first power-supply voltage to a light-emitting element upon reception of the first power-supply voltage, to drive the light-emitting element to emit lights. The discharge control module is configured to receive the first power-supply voltage, and discharge the light-emitting element by adjusting a potential of the scan signal when the first power-supply voltage drops.

Abstract: Systems and methods for eye enrollment for a head-mounted enclosure are described. Some implementations may include an image sensor; and a processing apparatus configured to: access a set of images, captured using the image sensor, that depict a face of a user and a head-mounted enclosure that the user is wearing; and determine, based on the set of images, a first position of a first eye of the user relative to the head-mounted enclosure.

Abstract: A display method of an image is disclosed. A position of a vergence surface of a user is obtained through a gaze tracking device. An image is provided by a display, the image is located at a virtual image surface, and the image has an offset between different view directions. A controller is coupled to the gaze tracking device and the display. The controller receives an information of the position of the vergence surface obtained through the gaze tracking device, performs an algorithm processing according to the information to obtain the offset, and transmits a display information including the offset to the display. An eye of the user focuses on an accommodation surface when viewing the image, and a position of the accommodation surface is different from a position of the virtual image surface.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing an AR visual display to save are described. A camera of a computing device scans an area and an AR engine of the computing device extrapolates flat portions of the area. A digital representation of the area is displayed via a GUI of the computing device to allow a user to place digitally created content. The digitally created content is textual content, 2D content, 3D content, video content, and/or audio content. The AR engine receives, from a user, an action executed on a surface and at a location of the digital representation to add a tag or an anchor. The AR engine utilizes planes as indicators to save the placement of the tag or the anchor and transmits the placement of the tag or the anchor to a server. The placement of the tag or the anchor allows for viewing from other computing devices.

Abstract: A method of displaying a light field to at least one viewer of a light field display device, the light field based on a 3D model, the light field display device comprising a plurality of spatially distributed display elements, the method including the steps of: (a) determining the viewpoints of the eyes of the at least one viewer relative to the display device; (b) for each eye viewpoint and each of a plurality of the display elements, rendering a partial view image representing a view of the 3D model from the eye viewpoint through the display element; and (c) displaying, via each display element, the set of partial view images rendered for that display element.

Abstract: A virtual local presence display apparatus, system and method is disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are various embodiments for image editing and sharing in an augmented reality computing environment. An embodiment operates by receiving, from a first user, an edit command indicating a selection of an image from within an augmented reality computing environment. Responsive to the edit command, the image is moved from a first location within the augmented reality computing environment to a second location within the augmented reality computing environment closer to the first user than the first location. One or more edits to the image are received from the first user. The image including the one more edits are returned to the first location upon a completion of the one or more edits.

Abstract: Disclosed are a display substrate, a display device and a detection method by using a display device. The display substrate includes at least one sub-pixel, the at least one sub-pixel includes a first region and a second region, and the at least one sub-pixel includes a light emitting element which is arranged in the first region, and a pixel circuit structure and a photosensitive structure which are arranged in the second region; the pixel circuit structure and the photosensitive structure are stacked, and the photosensitive structure is closer to a light exiting side of the display substrate than the pixel circuit structure.

Abstract: Systems and techniques are provided for rendering virtual content in a scene. An example method includes determining a surface plane in a scene of a physical environment; rendering virtual content in a perspective at a location in the scene; rendering a content placement indicator associated with the virtual content on a first space of the surface plane, the content placement indicator indicating the first space for placement of the virtual content; determining one or more locations of one or more objects on a surface associated with the surface plane; and responsive to an input, rendering the content placement indicator on a second space of the surface plane, the second space being determined based on the one or more locations and input, the content placement indicator indicating the second space for placement of the virtual content.

Abstract: The present invention provides a multi-viewpoint video image viewing system that allows a viewer to view a multi-viewpoint video content and removes in advance video images in which hands are hidden as a video image candidate. A first invention of the present application selects video images to be displayed on a video image display section in advance and presents the selected video images to a viewer by causing an information processing apparatus to perform hand-target image recognition on motion image (video image) data that includes image data captured with a plurality of video cameras and a frame string disposed in a time region to select video images showing a hand or not to select video images showing no hand.

Abstract: A signage control system comprises: a primary estimation circuitry to use signage-side images and surveillance-side images to estimate a person feature, attributes and behavior of each person captured in these frame images; a storage device to associate and store results of estimations of the person feature, the attributes and the behavior of each specific person; an estimation result linkage circuitry to use the person feature stored in the storage device to link the results of estimations based on the frame images from multiple ones of the cameras for the same person so as to generate a group of estimation results for each person; and a content change circuitry to change a content displayed on the signage to another based on the attributes of each person expected to be in a position where such person can visually recognize the content on the signage, and based on preceding behavior of such person.

Abstract: A system includes a headset to capture sound and a visual signal of a local area including one or more sound sources. The system determines a strength of the audio signal and a portion of the visual signal associated with the audio signal, compares the strengths, selects the weaker signal, and augments the weaker signal. The headset accordingly presents augmented audio-visual content to a user, thereby enhancing the user's perception of the weak signal.

Abstract: Systems and methods for item acquisition by selection of a virtual object placed in digital environment are disclosed. A processor(s) and memory may be configured to receive a coordinate for placement of a 2D or 3D virtual object in a 3D digital environment, including a digital twin of a real-world location, control the display to display the virtual object when a position corresponding to the received coordinate is within a field of view of the image capture device. The system receives an input via the user interface for selecting virtual objects which are then tracked in both the real-world and 3D digital environment simultaneously. The system enabling the accurate updating and display of all augmented reality and virtual reality content and digital twin data for a seamless blend of both to provide a shared cross-modal experience for all users.

Abstract: The invention relates to an automatic calibration method for image arrangement of a naked-eye 3D display screen and electronic device. The method comprise: S1, displaying a first 3D test image on a display screen according to a preset viewing distance, and acquiring a mirror image of the first 3D test image in a flat mirror through a camera, wherein the first 3D test image comprises a first monochrome 3D left image and a black 3D right image; S2, adjusting a 3D display rotation angle and a left-right offset of a display screen according to a preset algorithm, acquiring a mirror image and acquiring the number of effective pixel points of the largest pixel block in each mirror image; S3, taking the 3D display rotation angle and the left-right offset corresponding to the mirror image to which the selected maximum effective pixel point number belongs as calibration parameters.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a coherent light source, a display unit, a light-diffusing element, and at least one optical element. The coherent light source is configured to provide coherent light beams. The display unit is configured to form a three-dimensional image beam based on interference of the coherent light beams, wherein the three-dimensional image beam is imaged on an intermediate imaging surface after passing through the display unit. The light-diffusing element is located on the intermediate imaging surface, wherein a diffusion angle of the three-dimensional image beam is sequentially changed by passing through the light-diffusing element. The at least one optical element is located on a transmission path of the three-dimensional image beam from the light-diffusing element, and is configured to project the three-dimensional image light beam passing through the display unit out of the display apparatus to display a three-dimensional image.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described in which the control of virtual activities is cooperatively shared among two or more interactive users. Within selected virtual actions, an initiation component is identified that, when enacted, automatically informs one or more shared-experience users of the intent by the initiator to complete the virtual action and triggers monitoring of the shared-experience users for indications signaling agreement to proceed. When the degree of agreement meets a predetermined threshold or is judged by the initiator to be adequate, the completion component of the virtual actions is enacted on all devices. Automatic incorporation of initiation and completion components during shared activities may allow for cooperative control of virtual activities without repeated and potentially monotonous questions and responses regarding when to proceed.

Abstract: In some embodiments, techniques for using machine learning to enable visible light pupilometry are provided. In some embodiments, a smartphone may be used to create a visible light video recording of a pupillary light reflex (PLR). A machine learning model may be used to detect a size of a pupil in the video recording over time, and the size over time may be presented to a clinician. In some embodiments, a system that includes a smartphone and a box that holds the smartphone in a predetermined relationship to a subject's face is provided. In some embodiments, a sequential convolutional neural network architecture is used. In some embodiments, a fully convolutional neural network architecture is used.

Abstract: A virtual model placement system can generate virtual floors and virtual walls to correspond to a real-world environment. Virtual items such as doors, windows, lamps, can be placed on the generated virtual walls and the system can generate dynamic updates of the placed items in response to movement by a user's device (e.g., a smartphone moving from right to left). The virtual items can be initially placed as primitives and then rendered to new positions upon the user selecting a render or lock instruction.