Abstract: A method and apparatus for exchanging a protocol is provided. A protocol may be indicated in a preset section of a vertical blanking interval (VBI) of an analog video and thereby transmitted. A protocol transmission apparatus may transmit an analog video signal in which a protocol signal is indicated to a protocol reception apparatus. The protocol reception apparatus may detect a protocol by receiving the analog video signal from the protocol transmission apparatus.

Abstract: A recordable and/or rewriteable recording medium for storing still picture data, and recording and/or reproducing method and apparatus therefor. The recording medium stores still picture group information for grouping a plurality of still pictures in order to manage the still picture at a group level, and stores audio group information for grouping additional audio data added to the still picture data after the still picture data are recorded. Therefore, large-capacity still picture data and additional audio data added thereto can be recorded using a minimum amount of management information. Further, during reproduction, data can be displayed and edited in units of the respective still pictures. Also, it is possible to cope with after-recording of the audio data.

Abstract: Television audio signal encoders include a matrix that sums a left channel audio signal and a right channel audio signal to produce a sum signal. The matrix also subtracts one of the left and right audio signals from the other to produce a difference signal. The encoders also include a configurable infinite impulse response digital filter that selectively uses one or more sets of filter coefficients to filter the difference signal and/or the sum signals. Each selectable set of filter coefficients is associated with a unique filtering application to prepare the difference signal for transmission. Decoders with the matrix are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sound generating method of generating sound signals related to a video signal, which comprises a step of generating independently each of the sound signals matched to a horizontal direction and a vertical direction of a video, and a step of allowing the horizontal and the vertical sound signals that have been generated to be reproduced independently with horizontal sound output means and vertical sound output means, respectively.

Abstract: Digital audio data which have a predetermined packet structure are divided into units including a predetermined number of bits; each unit of the divided digital audio data is converted into specific data to be encoded; the encoded data are arranged in blanking intervals of video data; the digital audio data are transmitted as well as the video data using a transmission line for the video data, and the video data and the audio data may be simultaneously and favorably transmitted, adopting an existing video-data transmission format such as the DVI standard.

Abstract: This invention provides a data transmission method and a data receiving method which enable audio data to be multiplexed into video data and be transmitted using a DVI standard cable or the like satisfactorily with a simple configuration. From a data transmitting end, a superimposed video/audio data signal in which audio data are superimposed over a video blanking interval of video data in superimposition timing that is generated using a video blank sync signal and a pixel clock, are transmitted to a data receiving end through the DVI cable, together with the video blank sync signal and the pixel clock.

Abstract: Digital audio data that have a predetermined packet structure are divided into units including a predetermined number of bits; each unit of the divided digital audio data is converted into specific data to be encoded; the encoded data are arranged in blanking intervals of video data; the digital audio data are transmitted along with the video data using a transmission line for the video data, and the video data and the audio data are simultaneously and favorably transmitted, adopting an existing video-data transmission format, such as the DVI standard.

Abstract: A camera module including a light-transmissible board having an infrared rays cutting function on one surface of which a wiring pattern is formed, an image pickup element having a photodetecting portion which is flip-chip-mounted on the same surface of the light-transmissible board while the photodetecting portion is opposite to an area where there is no wiring-pattern, and a lens unit which is mounted on the other surface of the light-transmissible board so as to be located above the photodetecting portion of the image pickup element.

Abstract: Digital audio data which have a predetermined packet structure are divided into units including a predetermined number of bits; each unit of the divided digital audio data is converted into specific data to be encoded; the encoded data are arranged in blanking intervals of video data; the digital audio data are transmitted as well as the video data using a transmission line for the video data, and the video data and the audio data may be simultaneously and favorably transmitted, adopting an existing video-data transmission format such as the DVI standard.

Abstract: A method for representing audio data in a format that can be merged with video data, where the audio data includes a sequence of audio information elements. The method includes replacing each audio information element in the sequence with a unique corresponding color from a color palette.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for controlling video/audio modes in a video/audio outputting apparatus is provided, in which the audio mode is automatically set in relation to the video mode selected by the user. A judgment is made whether an inputted working command code is a video mode code or an audio mode code. If the working command code thus judged is a video mode code, then it is judged whether it is a custom mode, a standard mode, a movie mode, a dynamic mode or a mild mode. Then a value is set to the video mode code thus judged, and at the same time, a value is set to the audio mode. Meanwhile, if the working command code thus judged is a an audio mode code, then it is judged as to whether it is a custom mode, a standard mode, a movie mode, a music mode or a soft mode. Then a value is set to the audio mode code thus judged.

Abstract: A data transmission apparatus for transmitting an audio signal through a video signal cable for a computer system including a monitor having a sound speaker. The computer system includes an audio generating device for generating an audio signal; a video generating device for generating a video signal and synchronization signals, a first audio buffer for temporary retaining the audio signal and outputting the audio signal during a blanking interval of the video signal in accordance with the synchronization signals; and a multiplexer for multiplexing the audio signal with the video signal by inserting the audio signal into the blanking interval of the video signal and for generating a multiplexed signal. A video signal cable is connected between the computer system and the monitor for transmitting the multiplexed signal from the computer system to the monitor.

Abstract: The BASEBAND VIDEO/AUDIO/DATA TRANSCEIVER invention simultaneously transmits and receives baseband video signals, audio signals, and associated digital data and control signals within a single continuous signal over a single physical transmission line. The device is a single cohesive module, best embodied as an integrated circuit. The audio signals are sampled, and subsequently reconstructed. Audio samples and digital signals are multiplexed, then fed to a multirate elastic buffer. The multiplexed signals are extracted from the elastic buffer coincidentally with the video signal horizontal synchronization pulses and applied to these same pulses, then placed on a channel having a similar transceiver at the other end. The transceiver invention separates the received signals from the transmission line by canceling out its own transmitted signal. The received audio and digital data bursts are culled and reshaped.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement for demodulating the sound signals in a television signal is described, which circuit arrangement ensures a simple and low-cost structure, also for operation at different transmission standards.To this end, the circuit arrangement according to the invention includes an oscillation-generating stage which derives a (first) oscillation from a television signal (IF television signal) modulated on a first intermediate-frequency carrier oscillation, whose frequency corresponds to the frequency of an intermediate-frequency picture carrier oscillation in the IF television signal and encloses a phase angle of at least substantially 90.degree. with the picture carrier oscillation, a (first) mixer stage, a first input of which can receive the (first) oscillation, and a switching device for optionally applying the IF television signal or a sound signal (IF sound signal) modulated on a second intermediate-frequency carrier oscillation to a second input of the (first) mixer stage.

Abstract: An audio signal discrimination apparatus for use in a recording and reproducing apparatus, in which an identification code is inserted into a video signal and a mode of audio signal is discriminated. The audio signal discrimination apparatus includes a sync separator for separating a horizontal sync signal and a vertical sync signal from the video signal, an identification code insertion circuit for receiving the separated horizontal and vertical sync signals so as to insert an identification code for discriminating a processing mode of the audio signal into a predetermined region of the video signal when recording, and an identification code detection circuit for detecting the identification code inserted into the predetermined region of the video signal so as to determine the processing mode of the audio signal.

Abstract: A method for inserting an audio signal (132) into a composite video signal (10) having a front porch (24), a back porch (26 or 32), a horizontal sync pulse (20) with a leading edge (22), and a luminance portion (16) to provide an audio-on-video signal (222), includes removing one or more video parts (180, 200) at least partially from the luminance portion (16), sampling one or more audio parts (182, 202), biasing a zero magnitude (238) of the audio parts (182, 202) to the midpoint (240) of the maximum luminance magnitude (242), and placing the sampled parts (182, 202) at least partially within the luminance portion (16) of the composite video signal (10) to form the audio-on-video signal (222).

Abstract: There is provided an audio signal magnetic recording and reproducing apparatus in which a frequency modulated luminance signal and a frequency modulated audio signal are sequentially recorded and reproduced onto/from the same magnetic tape as recording loci each having predetermined angle of inclination for the tape running direction by a plurality of rotary heads having different azimuth angles, wherein the apparatus increases a recording level of the frequency modulated audio signal for the vertical sync signal period of the luminance signal.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for recording and reproducing video and audio signals on a record medium, wherein the audio signal may be of at least two different types subjected to respectively different types of audio processing. A recording section produces frequency modulated audio signal components and selectively adjusts the level of at least one FM audio signal component during the video blanking intervals as a function of the type of audio signal being modulated. Then, the FM audio signal components and the video signal are combined and recorded. A reproducing section separates the reproduced FM audio signal components from the reproduced video signal and detects the level of at least one separated FM audio signal component during blanking intervals. The FM audio signal components are demodulated and processed pursuant to a selected type of audio processing dependent upon the detected level of the FM audio signal component.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting a digitally modulated Quadrature Phase Keyed (QPSK) audio carrier signal, or a digitally modulated Quadrature Partial Response System (QPRS) audio carrier signal, wherein the audio carrier signal is located 1.2 MHz below the video carrier of an NTSC signal. This places the digital audio signal 300 KHz above the analog FM sound center frequency of the NTSC signal in the adjacent lower channel, 4.8 MHz above the video carrier of the adjacent lower channel NTSC signal and at the edge of the lower vestigal video sideband components of the NTSC signal with which the digital audio signal is associated.

Abstract: A vector quantizer which transmits the input vector of the time when the minimum distortion is larger than the preset distortion threshold value and stores such input vector into the second code book as the new quantizing representative vector for the use in the successive vector quantizing processes.Further, since the first and second code book constitute in the form of tree-structure, calculation for search may be executed at a high speed.