Abstract: An active matrix liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal cell including an army substrate provided with a pixel electrode, a signal electrode line, and a gate electrode line and an opposing substrate provided with a common electrode, in which pretilt angles of liquid crystal at upper and lower interfaces of a liquid crystal layer disposed between the army substrate and the opposing substrate have opposite signs having splay alignment formed by parallel alignment process while no voltage is applied. The active matrix liquid crystal display device is subjected to an initialization process for transitioning the splay alignment to bend alignment by application of voltage before liquid crystal display driving and adapted to perform the liquid crystal display driving in the bend alignment.

Abstract: An array substrate of a liquid crystal display panel includes a substrate; a thin film transistor on the substrate; a pixel electrode having a plurality of first tips, the first tips being formed at at least one edge of the pixel electrode; and a common electrode having a plurality of second tips, the second tips being formed at at least one edge of the pixel electrode and the common electrode being parallel with the pixel electrodes.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal display having improved screen quality by preventing abnormal light leakage due to ions in a pixel. The present invention comprises: an array substrate whereon a plurality of gate lines and data lines are arranged to be perpendicular to each other, a TFT is formed at the intersection of the lines and a pixel electrode is formed in a pixel region defined by the lines; a color filter substrate combined with the array substrate, whereon a color filter is formed corresponding to the pixel region, a block matrix is formed corresponding to the interface of pixels and a counter electrode is formed on the whole surface including the color filter and the black matrix; and a liquid crystal layer comprising a plurality of liquid crystal molecules interposed between the array substrate and the color filter substrate, wherein the pixel electrode has a rectangular shape and a plurality of acute angle Tips are formed on the edges thereof.

Abstract: Surface mounted LEDs are arrayed in special patterns to provide a relatively high resolution dot-matrix visual display and/or multi-segment character displays. Especially abbreviated solder bonding pads are utilized to obtain a higher density packing of the surface mounted arrays in at least some embodiments. Special anti-glare coatings and structures are employed to reduce ambient light reflections for aircraft instrument applications. Multi-colored display outputs are also provided.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display device which prevents the lowering of the aperture rate irrespective of the misalignment of substrate is provided. The liquid crystal display device includes a black matrix having zigzag shaped edges along the long side of the pixel field and respective electrodes which are formed along respective opposing sides of an aperture potion of the black matrix. The electrodes are formed in patterns irrespective of the misalignment of the black matrix in the widthwise direction of the electrodes. The light transmitting region within the aperture portion of the black matrix is made substantially constant.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display element comprising at least one substrate and a liquid crystal layer, a different orientation direction area of an orientation direction locally different from an orientation direction of the other area is present.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to provide a liquid crystal display having an improved picture quality, high transmittance and high aperture ratio.

Abstract: An electrode structure for a liquid crystal display includes a layer of pixel electrodes each having a herringbone-shaped structure, a passivation layer and a layer of common electrodes. The pixel electrodes are formed in parallel above the common electrodes. The herringbone-shaped structure of a pixel electrode has a predefined turning angle between 45 degrees to 90 degrees. The pixel electrode structure allows the liquid crystals in the display to rotate in two directions, clockwise and counterclockwise, to compensate for the color dispersion caused by a wide viewing angle.

Abstract: A vertically aligned type liquid crystal display includes a liquid crystal layer disposed between a pixel electrode and a common electrode and containing vertically aligned liquid crystal molecules, the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules being controlled by electric field. An orientation control window is formed in the common electrode located opposite to the pixel electrode and an aspect ration, i.e., a vertical to horizontal length ratio of the pixel electrode is set to at least 2. Alternatively, the pixel electrode is partitioned into at least two electrode regions that each region represents a divided pixel electrode. An orientation control window is formed in the common electrode so as to correspond to each divided pixel electrode, an aspect ratio of each divided pixel electrode is set to at least 2. As such, the influence at the edge sections of the pixel electrode is reduced, viewing angle characteristic and transmittance are improved, and average response time is shortened.

Abstract: A light valve array features discrete pixel cells electronically isolated by dielectric spacers formed by etching a dielectric layer conforming to sidewalls of a patterned sacrificial layer. The sacrificial layer is then removed selective to the dielectric spacer structures. A metal layer is formed over the dielectric spacer structures. Chemical-mechanical polishing of the metal layer to stop on the tips of the sidewall spacers completes fabrication of the array. Interpixel regions corresponding to the dielectric spacers are substantially shielded from incident light by projecting electrode edges formed over the curved upper surface of the spacer structures.

Abstract: An active matrix type liquid crystal display device having improved visual field angle characteristics and display quality with less residual image. The electrodes, signal lines and the active elements are so constituted that an electric field can be applied to the liquid crystal layer substantially in parallel with the substrate. The signal lines, pixel electrodes, and common electrodes are zigzagged within a range ±1 to ±30 degrees relative to the alignment direction for the P-type liquid crystal. The signal lines, pixel electrodes, and common electrodes are zigzagged within a range between 60-120 degrees except 90 degrees relative to the alignment direction for the N-type liquid crystal. The color filters including black masks can also be zigzagged.

Abstract: A matrix substrate includes a plurality of conductive members constituting pixels provided on a substrate, the plurality of conductive members forming substantially a smooth plane, wherein the matrix substrate further comprises a nonconductive section for insulating the plurality of conductive members from each other, the distance between two adjacent conductive members being lower at the surfaces of the conductive members than at the side of the substrate.

Abstract: A device for displaying desired characters in a different color by selectively combining and illuminating a plurality of display segments is equipped with a display segment group including a first display segment sub-group having four vertical multi-sided display segments and three horizontal multi-sided display segments which are disposed so as to, in conjunction with each other, form a substantially 8 shape, for illuminating a predetermined color, and a second display segment group having four vertical multi-sided display segments and three horizontal multi-sided display segments which are disposed so as to, in conjunction with each other, have a substantially 8 shape, for illuminating a color different from that illuminated by the first display segment group, wherein the horizontal multi-sided display segments of the first and the second display segment groups are narrower than the vertical multi-sided display segments thereof.

Abstract: A vertically aligned type liquid crystal display includes a liquid crystal layer disposed between a pixel electrode and a common electrode and containing vertically aligned liquid crystal molecules, the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules being controlled by electric field. An orientation control window is formed in the common electrode located opposite to the pixel electrode and an aspect ration, i.e., a vertical to horizontal length ratio of the pixel electrode is set to at least 2. Alternatively, the pixel electrode is partitioned into at least two electrode regions that each region represents a divided pixel electrode. An orientation control window is formed in the common electrode so as to correspond to each divided pixel electrode, an aspect ratio of each divided pixel electrode is set to at least 2. As such, the influence at the edge sections of the pixel electrode is reduced, viewing angle characteristic and transmittance are improved, and average response time is shortened.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display having a pixel electrode and a counter electrode respectively formed on a lower substrate and a upper substrate, the electric field in ellipse form, is symmetrical between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode by forming an opening part in the pixel electrode or the counter electrode. Accordingly, the viewing angle feature, when voltage is applied to the liquid crystal display is enhanced.

Abstract: An autostereoscopic display apparatus includes a matrix display panel (10), preferably an active matrix liquid crystal display panel, having display elements (12) in rows and columns and arranged in groups of at least three adjacent display elements, and an optical director (15) in the form of, for example, a lenticular screen overlying the panel (10) and having lenticules (16) extending in the column direction with each lenticule overlying an associated display element group, in which adjacent display elements in a group are arranged so as to partly overlap one another in the column direction (Y). The display elements in a group can, for example, be arranged in a line in the row direction (X) and shaped as non-rectangular parallelograms, or triangles, successive ones being inverted, or interdigitated, or arranged in two or more rows.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display of improved contrast is provided. Image contrast is determined by the ratio of light from the display pixels that are in an on state to the light from the display pixels that are in an off state. The disclosed system improves on the image contrast by selecting the illumination direction and the panel orientation in such a way as to minimize the amount of light entering the viewing field that is due to scattered and/or diffracted light from the fine features of the display panel.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes: a first substrate having a first electrode; a second substrate, disposed so as to face the first substrate, having a second electrode; and a liquid crystal layer, including liquid crystal molecules, interposed between the first and second substrates, with a plurality of pixels being defined therein in a matrix pattern. The liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are oriented in a direction substantially vertical to a surface of the substrates in the absence of an applied voltage across the liquid crystal layer. The first electrode of the first substrate includes a first slit at least in a portion of a periphery of each pixel, the first slit substantially dividing the first electrode into an inner electrode portion and an outer electrode portion, whereby the outer electrode portion shields the inner electrode portion from an electric field coming from an outside of the first electrode.

Abstract: An electrode plate for a liquid crystal device is constituted by a light-transmissive substrate, a plurality of metal electrodes disposed on the light-transmissive substrate with a spacing therebetween, an insulating layer disposed at the spacing, and a plurality of transparent electrodes disposed on the insulating layer and each electrically connected with an associated metal electrode at a first end portion thereof. The first end portion of the transparent electrode is located closer to the light-transmissive substrate than an adjacent end portion of an adjacent transparent electrode. The electrode plate is effective in providing a liquid crystal device with a wider optical modulation region while improving image qualities.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel substrate is used as a translucent substrate with a liquid crystal panel. The liquid crystal panel has a display region and a non-display region disposed outside of the display region. A plurality of electrodes are disposed across the display region and the non-display region of the liquid crystal panel. Each electrode has a width differing between the display region and the non-display region.

Abstract: A spatial light modulator comprises a plurality of picture elements arranged as rows and columns. The columns are arranged as adjacent groups, for instance for association with an element of a parallax device to provide an autostereoscopic 3D display. Adjacent picture elements disclosed in each row and in adjacent columns of each group overlap horizontally so that there are overlapping regions and non-overlapping regions. The vertical extent of each picture element is substantially constant throughout the non-overlapping region and is substantially equal to the sum of the heights of the adjacent picture elements throughout the overlapping regions.

Abstract: A cholesteric liquid crystal display device with improved display images is provided. The device includes a transparent front plate (16) with a front conductive film (18) spaced apart from a back conductive film (22) by a gap filled with cholesteric liquid crystal material (24) which can be switched between a transparent state and a reflective state through application of an electric field. The front conductive film (18) is coated with an opaque mask which defines openings (36) for transmitting light. In the reflective state, ambient light entering the device (10) is reflected by the cholesteric liquid crystal (24) through openings (36) in the opaque mask (12) to form a bright image. In the transparent state, ambient light entering the device (10) passes through the cholesteric liquid crystal (24), front film (18) and back film (22) and is substantially absorbed by an underlying opaque layer (14) which is preferably color-matched to the internal mask (12) to form an single color, image-free display area.

Abstract: A display device includes a number of picture segments (2, 3) which are selectively activated (made visible) or non-activated (made non-visible). The picture segments (2, 3) are arranged to form a number of equal picture segment units (1) positioned side-by-side and each comprising a square with an inscribed geometrical figure (2), which by straight or arcuate parts define four identical corner segments (3) of the square, which picture segments are each comprised of the geometrical figure (2) and the four corner segments (3). The geometrical figure may be, for example, a circle, a square or an octagon.

Abstract: Electric field adjusting layers each of which is different from an aligning film in at least one of a resistivity and a dielectric constant are formed in each pixel on a pixel electrode of a first substrate. An electric field applied to a liquid crystal partially changes in each pixel, and regions which are different from each other in aligned state are formed in each pixel. Therefore, a field angle is widened. A value .DELTA.n.d of the liquid crystal is preferably set to be 600 nm or more.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal display device comprising gate line; a data line intersecting with the gate line over the gate line; a first electrode of transparent metal material comprising: a first portion elongated over the data line along the first direction and perpendicularly intersecting with the data line; a second portion comprising a plurality of branches each elongated along the second direction starting from the first portion of the first electrode toward the gate line; and a third portion separated by a predetermined distance along the second direction with the gate line, and elongated along the first direction starting from the longest branch to a space formed between the shortest branch and its closest branch; a second electrode of transparent metal material, formed on the same plane as the first electrode, the second electrode having a first portion corresponding to the second portion of the first electrode and a second portion corresponding to the third or first portion of the first electrode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the structure of an active matrix type liquid crystal display device in which a channel length of a thin film transistor without increasing resistance of a scanning line region to improve a switching characteristic. A slit is formed at the channel of the thin film transistor formed on the scanning line region. The slit is used as a mask and a pattern of a channel protection film for determining the channel of the thin film transistor is formed by exposure form a back surface of a substrate. According to this method, a desirable channel length can be obtained, and the scanning line region, facing to the channel through the slit, functions as an auxiliary region, so that the resistance of the scanning line region can be reduced.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to facilitate identifying the display color of each pixel during a test process and to apply a correction to a defective switching device in accordance with a test criterion established for each display color. On one transparent substrate, there are formed gate wiring and source wirings intersecting at right angles to each other so that insulation therebetween is maintained, and a pixel electrode and a TFT device are formed for each pixel, thus constructing one substrate member. On another transparent substrate, there is formed a counter electrode facing the pixel electrodes, and identifying means for identifying the display color of each pixel is formed on the side opposite from the side where the counter electrode is formed, the identifying means then being covered with a light-blocking member, thus constructing the another substrate member. The light-blocking member contains openings formed therethrough in portions facing the pixel electrodes.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device including first and second substrate members, a layer of a liquid crystal material between the first and the second substrate members, an active switching element formed on the first substrate member, a pixel electrode connected to the active switching element and which has first and second portions, a primary signal line connected to the pixel electrode, a secondary signal line adjacent to the primary signal line with the pixel electrode interposed therebetween, a scanning line connected to the pixel electrode, the first portion of the pixel electrode is nearer to the primary signal line than to the secondary signal line while the second portion of the pixel electrode is nearer to the secondary signal line than to the primary signal line.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device according to the invention, one of electrodes holding a liquid crystal composition therebetween is formed by a shading conductor having light-transmitting holes or slits. The display device of the invention can reduce a required amount of indium (In), a rare metal, and can have a high light transmittance.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device is constituted by a first electrode substrate having thereon a group of first electrodes, a second electrode substrate having thereon a group of second electrodes intersecting the first electrodes, and a liquid crystal disposed between the first and second electrode substrates so as to form a pixel at each intersection of the first and second electrodes. The liquid crystal device is driven for gradational display by selecting and writing in a pixel plural times in one frame of display for gradational display, wherein a second and a subsequent writing among the plural times of writing is performed by applying a bipolar pulse of identical shapes in positive and negative polarities.

Abstract: A light valve apparatus in which a first lens array, a second lens array, and a light valve are arranged sequentially from an incident light side, and a focal length of each of microlens elements for the first lens array is set to be shorter than a focal length of each of microlens elements for the second lens array, and the respective microlens elements of the second lens array are adapted to form real image corresponding to an imaginary object on a focal point of the respective microlens elements of the first lens array, on corresponding pixels of the light valve. By the first lens array, a plurality of very small light source images corresponding to the light source are formed, and light emitted from the plurality of very small light source images are incident upon the respective microlens elements of the second lens array so as to be projected onto the pixels of the light valve.