Abstract: A highly reliable liquid crystal display device in which the drive circuit region is protected, which comprises a first substrate having thereon a display region and a drive circuit region comprising a drive circuit for controlling the display in said display region and a second substrate opposed to said first substrate, provided that said regions are partitioned by a sealing agent and that a liquid crystal material is incorporated between said first substrate and said second substrate opposed to the first one, wherein, said second substrate opposed to the first is extended to oppose both of said display region and said drive circuit region provided on the first substrate.

Abstract: A smectic liquid crystal, typically, ferroelectric liquid crystal is uniformly orientated as follows: a space is provided as a dummy region in an area outside a panel region where a liquid crystal inlet is placed; two substrates are overlapped and cut into panels of a desired size, leaving the panel region and the dummy region whereas the rest is cut off; a liquid crystal is injected with the dummy region left in the liquid crystal inlet portion; and, immediately after the liquid crystal is injected, the dummy region is cut off to carry out monostabilization treatment.

Abstract: An In-Plane Switching (IPS) mode liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a plurality of gate lines on the first substrate along a first direction at a predetermined interval from each other, a plurality of data lines on the first substrate along a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction at a second predetermined interval from each other, a plurality of pixel regions defined by the crossing of the gate and data lines, a thin film transistor on the first substrate within each of the pixel regions, at least a common line on the first substrate parallel to the gate lines, a plurality of common electrodes connected to the common line within each of the pixel regions, a dummy data line on the first substrate substantially parallel to the data lines spaced apart from an outer most common electrode adjacent to a liquid crystal injection hole, and a plurality of pixel electrodes on the first substrate within each of the pixel regions, at least one of the pixel electrodes b

Abstract: A driver circuit-integrated type active matrix substrate 212 has, on a glass substrate 210, a liquid crystal display unit 221 including a matrix array composed of thin film transistors, and driver circuits 224–226 for driving the liquid crystal display unit. A peripheral portion of the glass substrate 210 has recessed grooves 260–263 formed therein, and power supply lines 251–254 for supplying power to the driver circuits 225 and 226 are buried in the recessed grooves. Such a configuration reduces the resistance of bus wiring lines such as the power supply lines for the driver circuits and data lines, without increasing an area of the peripheral portion. The driver circuit-integrated type active matrix substrate reduces an amount of voltage drop in power supply voltage, ensuring reliable operation of the driver circuits.

Abstract: A seal pattern for a liquid crystal display device includes a substrate having an active area and a non-active area, a main seal pattern arranged in a boundary between the active area and the non-active area and having an injection hole, a V-shaped seal pattern arranged in the non-active area and spaced apart from the injection hole, wherein an open portion of the V-shape faces in a direction opposite the injection hole, and a sub-seal pattern arranged in the non-active area, having a same width as that of the main seal pattern, and having a plurality of exhaust holes arranged in positions corresponding to the V-shaped seal pattern and the injection hole.

Abstract: A seal material for isolating a liquid crystal material from the outside is provided between substrates disposed opposite to each other with the liquid crystal material interposed therebetween. The seal material is formed as an annular pattern having no portion that contacts the liquid crystal material. There is a first rib-like supporting strut for preventing contact between the liquid crystal and the seal material and a second rib-like supporting strut that is positioned with respect to the first rib-like supporting strut to form a passage into which the liquid crystal material flows from an opening formed in the first rib-like supporting strut, which opening serves as an exit, the supporting struts being formed inside the seal material and between the substrates.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device comprising a pair of substrates between which a liquid crystal layer is interposed, a display surface provided on one of the substrates, and a lighting device arranged at a side of another of the substrates, the present invention forms a light shielding film on at least one of side surfaces of the substrates along a direction perpendicular to the display surface and prevents light leak leaking from the lighting device through the at least one of side surfaces.

Abstract: Sealing materials are formed in a reliable manner without the occurrence of peeling-off thereof. Between respective substrates which are arranged to face each other with liquid crystal inserted therebetween, the sealing materials which fix another substrate to one substrate while being used for sealing the liquid crystal are formed and a plurality of liquid crystal filling ports are formed in the sealing material. Further, a width of the sealing material having the shortest length out of respective sealing materials which connect between respective liquid crystal filling ports is made longer than widths of other sealing materials.

Abstract: Display panel with the integrated driver circuit, the display panel comprises an isolating array substrate and further comprises a plurality of peripheral areas, a liquid crystal injection hole, display area, gate driver circuit and data driver circuit. This invention disposes the data driver circuit on the adjacent edge of the peripheral area, and disposes the liquid crystal injection hole on one peripheral area which is opposite to one of the adjacent edges. This invention makes it convenient to design the display panel.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel 1 has a configuration in which an element substrate 10 including routing wiring 16 and a counter substrate 20 including scanning lines 25 are adhered with a sealing material 30 therebetween and, in addition, a liquid crystal is injected between both substrates through a liquid crystal injection hole 30a formed in the sealing material 30. The scanning lines 25 are brought into conduction with the routing wiring 16 through conducting particles 32 dispersed in the sealing material 30. However, the scanning lines 25, which have end portions reaching the neighborhood of the liquid crystal injection hole 30a, among the plurality of scanning lines 25, are brought into conduction with the routing wiring 16 through conducting particles 32 dispersed in a vertical conduction portion 37 or through the conducting particles 32 in both the sealing material 30 and the vertical conduction portion 37.

Abstract: A cell gap adjusting device 2 for adjusting a thickness between a pair of substrate plates (cell gap) in a liquid crystal cell 1 having a liquid crystal filled between the pair of substrate plates bonded together through a seal member having a frame form and an opening in a predetermined point of a frame wall thereof, the cell gap adjusting device characterized by comprising: a supporting part 3 having one or more pairs of supporting jigs 30 (301a, 301b, 302a-302e) for clamping to support one or more of the liquid crystal cells 1 and closing seals 32 in a frame form arranged between the liquid crystal cell 1 and the supporting jigs 30 (301a, 301b, 302a-302e) to form an enclosed space by both outer surfaces of the pair of substrate plates of the liquid crystal cell 1, opposed surfaces of the one pair of support jigs 30 (301a, 301b, 302a-302e) to the liquid crystal cell 1 and an inner surface thereof (of the closing seal); and a pressurizing part 50 for simultaneously pressurizing both outer surfaces of the one

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device including a first and second substrates coupled to each other having a dummy region and a panel region, at least one first seal in the dummy region, a second seal along a peripheral portion of the panel region, wherein the second seal has a liquid crystal injection port and a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates, wherein a cell gap-determining thickness of the first seal is substantially same as a cell gap-determining thickness of the second seal.

Abstract: A portable information apparatus has a film liquid crystal device having a pair of flexible substrates spaced apart from one another to define therebetween a gap containing liquid crystal, first surface portions having a curved cross-section, engagement portions extending from respective ones of the first surface portions, and at least one second surface portion having a planar cross-section. An injection port is formed in the at least one second surface portion and through which the liquid crystal is injected into the gap. A sealing portion is disposed on the at least one second surface portion for sealing the injection port. A holding structure has a first holding member and a second holding member for holding the film liquid crystal device in a curved state while the at least one second surface portion of the film liquid crystal device remains planar in cross-section and while the first holding member engages the engagement portions of the liquid crystal device.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display element includes two substrates, each made of a plastic plate, which are combined with each other; a terminal section which is provided so as to be extended from one of the substrates; and a plurality of connecting electrodes, provided on the terminal section, that connects pixels to a liquid crystal display section, wherein each of connecting electrodes has a plurality of slots that prevent penetration of cracks which occur substantially parallel in a width direction of the connecting electrode.

Abstract: An ODF liquid crystal display panel is formed of a pair of mutually spaced-apart substrates. A liquid crystal layer is contained between the substrates. A first sealing member joins the substrates and defines an enclosed non-peripheral region in which the liquid crystal is contained. A second sealing member also joins the substrates. The second sealing member has a plurality of breaks, and is positioned inside the non-peripheral region defined by the first sealing member and divides the non-peripheral region into a display region and a buffer region in fluid communication with the display region. The gap between the substrates in the buffer region is larger than the gap between the substrates in the display region. The panel is formed by forming drops of liquid crystal in the display region and then joining the substrates using the sealing members. Excess liquid crystal flows through the breaks of the second sealing member into the buffer region.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a liquid crystal display panel which achieves a reduction in sealing time and eliminates failure due to an excessive intake of a sealing material by utilizing a dip-type sealing apparatus capable of simultaneously sealing a plurality of liquid crystal injection inlets in a plurality of liquid crystal display panels. The liquid crystal display panel is fabricated by preparing first and second substrates, forming a sealant along the periphery of one of the first and second substrates, the sealant having an injection hole, introducing liquid crystals between the first and second substrates through the injection hole, and forming a sealing material in the injection hole by making dip-type contact between the sealing material and the injection hole.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a liquid crystal display having two opposed substrates, a liquid crystalline medium contained between the substrates, and a plurality of electrodes arranged on the substrates to produce a multiplicity of pixels. According to the invention, the electrodes are configured in such fashion that the pixels have round contours. The pixels may also have contours in the form of a polygon with more than four sides. Preferably pixels with roughly circular contours are produced.

Abstract: A structure for preventing a liquid from permeating into a cell for facilitating fabrication of a plurality of planels comprising a first substrate having a first exhaust area and a plurality of first portions of the planels, a second substrate having a second exhaust area and a plurality of second portions of the planels, a plurality of orienting films on the plurality of first and second portions of the planels, a plurality of thickening films respectively on the first and the second substrates for narrowing an intermediate distance of the first and second exhaust areas to prevent the liquid from permeating into the cell, a dummy seal around a periphery of the second substrate for preventing the liquid permeating into the cell.

Abstract: First, a plurality of liquid crystal display panels having filling ports for filling liquid crystal are arranged. Next, a ultraviolet ray curing sealing agent in a wet state is transferred to each of the filling ports by a transfer roller in a lump. Then, an ultraviolet ray is irradiated to the ultraviolet ray curing sealing agent.

Abstract: The present invention has an object to provide a liquid crystal display device which, when a liquid crystal injection portion is sealed and stopped up with a resin, makes it possible to precisely and easily perform the operation and makes it possible to detect defective liquid crystal injection.

Abstract: A display panel, laminated substrate, and liquid crystal cell which includes a pair of facing substrates bonded together with a sealing material. One or both of the substrates includes at least one corner portion on which a plurality of protruding pads are formed, the pads assisting in dispersion of the sealing material during bonding of the substrates to prevent sealing material from moving inwardly and possibly adversely affecting the display region of the resulting structure. A method of making such a laminated substrate is also provided.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate having a plurality of thin film transistors and first electrodes connected to the thin film transistor, a second substrate having a plurality of color filters and second electrodes, and a seal pattern formed along edges of one of the first and second substrates, the seal pattern having least one injection hole having a trapezoid shape, wherein a width of the injection hole decreases from a side exterior to the first and second substrates to a side interior to the first and second substrates.

Abstract: Encapsulation material is hardened by exposing with light in an amount sufficient to harden it. A black matrix and step compensating pattern are formed only in a part of an injection opening area through which liquid crystal is injected. In the region where the black matrix and step compensating pattern are formed encapsulation material is not filled. Therefore, light irradiation is not blocked by the black matrix and step compensating pattern when hardening the encapsulation material. In the region where the encapsulation material is filled, the encapsulation material is completely hardened by irradiating light without the black matrix and step compensating pattern and light leakage phenomenon is prevented by mounting the region in the outer case of the LCD device.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a thin film transistor substrate, on which a plurality of data lines and gate lines are positioned perpendicular to each other; a plurality of pixel electrodes formed near intersections of the data lines and the gate lines; a color filter substrate positioned parallel to the thin film transistor substrate, including a color filter layer, a black matrix and a common electrode formed thereon; a polymer wall arrangement formed either on the thin film transistor substrate or on the color filter substrate dividing the substrate into a plurality of liquid crystal panels; and at least one liquid crystal injection opening formed on each panel of the plurality of liquid crystal panels.

Abstract: Sealing materials are formed in a reliable manner without the occurrence of peeling-off thereof. Between respective substrates which are arranged to face each other with liquid crystal inserted therebetween, the sealing materials which fix another substrate to one substrate while being used for sealing the liquid crystal are formed and a plurality of liquid crystal filling ports are formed in the sealing material. Further, a width of the sealing material having the shortest length out of respective sealing materials which connect between respective liquid crystal filling ports is made longer than widths of other sealing materials.

Abstract: Bubbles mixed in liquid crystal injected into a liquid crystal cell are pushed out through an outlet. The outlet has a space secured to a maximum limit by an extended sealing portion reaching the outer peripheral end surfaces of substrates, and a step with a color filter is formed. The pushed-out bubbles are surely trapped by the space of the outlet. In a replenishing port for replenishing liquid crystal, an introduction spacer having a height equal to that of the color filter is provided, and by a capillary phenomenon, liquid crystal for replenishment can be smoothly introduced into the liquid crystal cell.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate having a plurality of thin film transistors and first electrodes connected to the thin film transistor, a second substrate having a plurality of color filters and second electrodes, and a seal pattern formed along edges of one of the first and second substrates, the seal pattern having least one injection hole having a trapezoid shape, wherein a width of the injection hole decreases from a side exterior to the first and second substrates to a side interior to the first and second substrates.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an LCD Panel includes providing a first transparent substrate, providing a second transparent substrate, forming a first sealing member on the first transparent substrate to surround a display area, the first sealing member being used for sealing a liquid crystal, the first sealing member having a first closed pattern, forming a second sealing member on the first or second substrate to surround the first sealing member, the second sealing member having a second closed patter; dropping a liquid crystal on the first or second substrate in the display area, coupling the first and second substrates with each other to form a gap between the first and second substrates in a vacuum atmosphere, forming a closed inner space between the first and second substrates by the first and second sealing members, the liquid crystal being confined in the inner space; curing the second sealing member; and curing the first sealing member.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a liquid crystal display device includes preparing upper and lower substrates, forming an array pattern of thin film transistors on the lower substrate, and depositing a thin film layer on the entire lower substrate except for four corners by using a shadow mask. A seal pattern is formed on the lower substrate and an attachment resin is formed at each of the four corners of the lower substrate. A color filter and a black matrix are formed on the upper substrate. The upper and lower substrates are attached and the attachment resin is hardened by exposure to light.

Abstract: An apparatus introduces fluid in vias formed in an LCD element free of voids or air bubbles in the fluid material. A support base secures the LCD element in place during fluid flow from a fluid dispenser positioned proximate to the LCD element. Fluid flow is facilitated by thermal energy from a heating element arranged in thermal contact with the support base.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display element includes a deck plate in the form of a first transparent substrate adhesively bonded to a signal plate in the form of a second transparent substrate wherein the signal plate has a plurality of vias passing through the second substrate. The vias are filled void-free with an optical grade material to form the LCD element.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device has a pair of substrates disposed in opposition to one another with a liquid crystal interposed therebetween, active elements formed on one of the pair of substrates, an organic film layer formed to cover the active elements, a light-shielding film formed on another of the pair of substrates, and a sealing material which sticks the pair of substrates together. In the liquid crystal display device, the sealing material has an injecting port formed therein and sealed with an end-sealing material and spaced apart, and the light-shielding layer and the organic film layer are formed to be extended outward from the sealing material, and the organic film layer is at least partly removed at the injecting port.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display panel of high quality without wasting liquid crystal material. In a step for pressing both of transparent glass substrates against each other, liquid crystal spreads and air bubbles are exhausted through notch portions. A sealing material is crushed before the liquid crystal reaches the notch portions, and the notch portions are blocked. Accordingly, a gap between the transparent glass substrates is sealed in a state where the liquid crystal is filled therein. Moreover, at the same time, both of the transparent glass substrates are compressively attached to each other with the sealing material interposed therebetween.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device (20) comprises two transparent substrates (1, 2) which are joined to each other via a sealing member (3) so as to form a gap therebetween, and a liquid crystal layer (21) which is sealed in the gap and formed of a polymer dispersion liquid crystal or polymer network liquid crystal. There are provided barriers (16) in the vicinity of both ends of a side (3a) of each seal (3) between the transparent substrates (1, 2) where the pouring port (5) is provided, for preventing the liquid crystal material from turning around into terminal areas (14) when the liquid crystal material is poured from the poring hole (5) into the gap (4), wherein an adhesive force between the barriers (16) and at least one of the transparent substrates (1, 2) is weaker than that between the seal (3) and the transparent substrate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a pair of opposite substrates, and a liquid crystal layer as a display medium disposed between said substrates. The pair of substrates are adhered together by a resin sealing material disposed on the periphery portion of at least one of the substrates at the prescribed gap, and an outflow preventing portion having a plurality of concave portions is provided so that at least a part of the outflow preventing portion overlaps with the sealing material.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel for the liquid crystal display device has a plurality of ribs disposed on an opposite internal edge to the injection hole in order to speed up the injection time of the liquid crystal and the ribs of the liquid crystal panel have a shape of the teeth of a comb.

Abstract: Flat chamber for filling with fluid media which is defined by two essentially parallel limiting plates and a circumferential bead of a cured, impermeable adhesive between the plates which bonds the plates to one another, where at least one capillary is provided which runs parallel to the plates, passes through the adhesive bead and is bonded thereto.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel for the liquid crystal display device has a plurality of ribs disposed on an opposite internal edge to the injection hole in order to speed up the injection time of the liquid crystal and the ribs of the liquid crystal panel have a shape of the teeth of a comb.

Abstract: Electro-optical element (shutter) which is switchable between two or more optical states and has a large mechanical rigidity because an extra spacer edge is provided so that no or hardly any spacers are required in the active area. By providing inlet and outlet apertures in the extra spacer edge, contaminations are prevented from being left in the active area during filling. The active area thus remains free from disturbances.

Abstract: An uncured end-sealing material 50 is applied to each liquid crystal injection port 40a of a rectangular panel 40, a portion 50b of the end-sealing material 50 bleeding outside the contour of the rectangular panel 40 is removed by an absorbing method, a wiping method or a troweling method before the end-sealing material 50 cures, and then the end-sealing material 50 is allowed to cure.

Abstract: A method of making a liquid crystal device having a plurality of cells of liquid crystal material, includes the steps of: (a) preparing a first base having a first surface; (b) providing a first phase of a material and a plurality of second phases of at least one liquid crystal material on the first surface, said second phases being spatially dispersed in a first prescribed pattern; (c providing a second base having a second surface, the second surface being substantially in contact with the first and second phases; and (d) solidifying the material of the first phase. The liquid crystal cells are formed of the dispersed liquid crystal materials. The plurality of second phases may include at least a group of liquid crystal materials which exhibits a cholesteric characteristic having a selective reflection wavelength in the visible range and a group of liquid crystal materials which exhibits a cholesteric characteristic having a different selective reflection wavelength in the visible range.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device having an electrode structure capable of easily curing a sealant. In the device, at least one of signal wiring is arranged on a substrate provided with liquid crystal injection holes. The signal wiring has a shape curved at an inflow position of the sealant. The signal wiring to be arranged at the inflow position of the sealant is formed to depart from the inflow position or is partially removed.

Abstract: A square sell 1 has a first port (5) and a second port (6) formed in its opposing first and second edge portions, respectively and third and fourth ports (7a, 7b, 8a, 8b) formed in its third and fourth edge portions respectively. An evacuating operation is performed at the second port (6). A liquid crystal injecting operation is performed at the first port (5) when a predetermined degree of vacuum is reached. At the third and fourth ports (7a, 7b, 8a, 8b), first, an evacuating operation is performed. Then, the evacuating operation is switched over to the liquid crystal injecting operation at the third and fourth ports (7a, 7b, 8a, 8b) by means of a switch-over operation of electromagnetic switch valves (15a, 15b, 16a, 16b).

Abstract: A liquid crystal display having an injection hole post structures compatible with liquid crystal are formed in an area near an injection hole to prevent pollutants seeped from an end-sealing material from penetrating into a display area, thereby suppressing the occurrence of picture quality trouble which easily occurs in the display area. The liquid crystal display includes a first substrate 11 and a second substrate 12 which are disposed with a predetermined gap therebetween, in which liquid crystal is sealed in the gap.

Abstract: A liquid crystal injecting device has a jig which seals an opening used as a liquid crystal inlet of the cell and another opening used as an air outlet of the cell separately. When obtaining a liquid crystal element by injecting liquid crystal into the cell, the liquid crystal is applied to the inlet before the injection, and after an internal pressure of the cell is reduced by releasing air from the jig, the liquid crystal is injected to the cell by being supplied to the inlet through a liquid crystal supplying tube. During the injection, a temperature of the cell is set to a temperature at which the liquid crystal takes a nematic, cholesteric, or isotropic phase, while air is kept being released. When the injection ends, the liquid crystal is further applied to the inlet and outlet, while being reinjected into the cell through all the openings at room temperature or above under atmospheric pressure or above, after which the cell is cooled.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display panel, the shrinkage of an end-scaling material for sticking a pair of substrates together is prevented or relaxed to restrain peeling of the end-sealing material from the substrates, thereby preventing any leakage of a liquid crystal and penetration of contaminants. A liquid crystal display device is assembled by bonding together a pair of substrates, which are opposed to each other across a predetermined gap and at least one of which has an electrode group formed over a surface opposed to the other substrate, with a sealing material along their peripheries excluding a liquid crystal filling port, and then sealing the liquid crystal filling port with an end-sealing material after the filling of the liquid crystal and hermetically sealing the liquid crystal in the gap between both substrates. In the liquid crystal display device, a resin which constitutes the end-sealing material contains particulates of average particle size of 0.1 &mgr;m to 3.

Abstract: In an electro-optical apparatus, such as a liquid crystal apparatus using a UV-ray curable sealing member, the remnants of non-cured portions in the sealing member is prevented. The liquid crystal apparatus has a structure in which a UV-ray shielding member or a film member, such as an overcoat formed on an opposing-side substrate and a frame-shaped light shielding member formed on a device-side substrate, is placed within the outer frame portion of the liquid crystal apparatus in an neighboring state to the sealing member. The outer periphery portions of the overcoat and the frame-shaped light shielding member corresponding to the corner portion of the sealing member are formed in a curved shape or a shape having obtuse angles such as an arc.

Abstract: A display device is provided, in which a member for sealing a liquid crystal is formed at sides of a pair of opposing substrates, so that a space other than an effective display region is made small and a substrate size is reduced. The pair of substrates is bonded to each other with a predetermined gap provided therebetween by an adhesive layer, and a liquid crystal injected in the gap is sealed in. The adhesive layer is formed closely to the sides of the substrates, so that a space where a sealing material is conventionally formed becomes unnecessary and the substrate size is made small. Moreover, a tape close to the adhesive layer is fixed to the sides of the substrates, so that an outer peripheral portion of the substrates is protected against impact, contamination, and electrostatic breakdown, and handling is simplified.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel manufacturing apparatus includes jigs, a fluid press device, a mechanical press mechanism, and a heating unit. The jigs are stacked in a plurality of stages, arranged above and below the respective pair of substrates, and have O-rings at positions corresponding to portions on the thermosetting resin. The fluid pressurizing device introduces a pressure fluid into pressure regions defined by the O-rings, surfaces of the jigs, and surfaces of the substrates through inlet holes respectively formed in the jigs, to pressurize the substrates in units of pairs. The mechanical press mechanism entirely presses the plurality of pairs of substrates stacked alternately with the jigs. The heating unit heats and calcines the plurality of pairs of substrates pressed by the mechanical press mechanism. Adhered portions adhered with the thermosetting resin and a display portion of the liquid crystal cell are pressurized, in units of pairs of substrates, in a vertical direction with a uniform pressure.

Abstract: Gate lines and drain lines are arranged to cross each other on an inner surface of a substrate and display pixels are formed at individual intersections of these lines. For actuation of these elements, a drain driver, a gate driver, and a precharge driver are formed on the periphery of the substrate. Aluminum lines extend to respective circuits along the edge of the substrate from connecting terminals formed on the edge of the substrate. A sealing material is applied along the periphery of the substrate and an injection hole for liquid crystal is formed on one edge of the substrate. The drain driver is disposed on the edge opposite to the edge on which the injection hole is formed at a location as far from the injection hole as possible. Thus, the drain driver is distanced from the liquid crystal injection hole to prevent the failure of the display apparatus due to the fluctuation of a threshold value.