Abstract: A composition for a liquid crystal film includes: 100 parts by weight of a vertically aligned liquid crystal mixture; 0.001-20 parts by weight of a chiral dopant; and 50-900 parts by weight of a solvent.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer between the first and second substrates. The liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal composition including an alkenyl liquid crystal and an antioxidant component including at least one selected from an antioxidant and a derivative thereof. In an embodiment, the antioxidant component is present in an amount of greater than 0 ppm and equal to or less than about 10,000 ppm relative to the total weight of the liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: Provided are compounds useful for use in liquid crystal mixtures to improve the properties of the mixture. In embodiments, the compound has two cyclohexyl ring and a tail containing one more fluorine atoms.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid-crystal display of the PSA (polymer sustained alignment) type, and to novel liquid-crystal media and novel polymerizable compounds for use in PSA displays.

Abstract: In the liquid crystal display device where a liquid crystal layer exhibiting a blue phase is interposed between a first substrate and a second substrate, a pixel electrode layer (first electrode layer) and a common electrode layer (second electrode layer) provided between the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer are positioned not to overlap with each other. The pixel electrode layer is formed to cover top and side surfaces of a rib-shaped first structure body which projects into the liquid crystal layer from a surface of the first substrate on the liquid crystal layer side. The common electrode layer is formed to cover top and side surfaces of a rib-shaped second structure body which projects into the liquid crystal layer from the surface of the first substrate on the liquid crystal layer side.

Abstract: A polymerizable compound-containing liquid crystal composition includes at least one of compounds represented by general formulae (I) to (IV). A liquid crystal display device uses the liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device may include a liquid crystal and a coloring material including at least one of yellow, magenta, and cyan coloring materials. The coloring material may have high solubility and dispersion stability on the liquid crystal, and thus, it can be used for a liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal display device may include a partition delimiting pixels, and the liquid crystal layer may be provided in the pixels. The pixels may include first, second, and third pixels. The coloring materials in the first, second, and third liquid crystal layers may be adjusted, in terms of kind, composition, and weight percentage, to control colors to be displayed by the first, second, and third pixels.

Abstract: The present invention provides a mixture for liquid crystal medium and a liquid crystal display using the same. The mixture for liquid crystal medium comprises: at least one anisotropic liquid crystal material and a polymerizable monomer which will polymerize under UV irradiation. The weight percentage of the polymerizable monomer accounts for 0.1% to 1% of the total mixture for liquid crystal medium. In the mixture for liquid crystal medium and a liquid crystal display using the same according to the present invention, by using a polymerizable monomer which will polymerize under UV irradiation and the appropriate content ratio, the polymer bump with small size and good uniformity can be obtained within the mixture for liquid crystal medium after the polymerization, which avoids the bad liquid crystal alignment and the light spot occurred at the dark state of the liquid crystal panel, and then increases the response rapid of the liquid crystal panel to obtain high contrast ratio and stable mass production.

Abstract: A guest-host liquid crystal dye mixture comprising a calamatic, thermotropic liquid crystal as host and a dichroic fluorescent dye as guest, characterized in that the dichroic fluorescent dye is a multichromophoric dye containing at least a group with the general formula Ry-X1—C1, wherein Ry is a chromophore from the rylene family, C1 is a second chromophore and X1 is a spacer that interrupts the conjugation between Ry and C1, the spacer X1 is selected such that it introduces rigidity against bending or folding over an axis perpendicular to the length of the molecule.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that it comprises one or more compounds of the formula I and one or more compounds selected from the compounds of the formulae IA and IB in which R1, R2, L1-4, X1 and X2 have the meanings indicated in claim 1.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid-crystal compound with negative dielectric anisotropy, having the chemical formula: wherein A1, A2, and A3 are independently selected from cyclohexyl group, cyclohexenyl group, or phenyl group; L1 and L2 are independently selected from H or F; R is selected from H, F, Cl, C1-10 alkyl group, C1-10 alkenyl group, C1-10 alkoxy group, or C1-10 ether group; Y is fluorinated methyl group; m and n are independently selected from an integer of 0-2; and 1?m+n?3.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition comprising a chiral dopant compound represented by the following structure (Structure 1): wherein: R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen, —(C?O)R9, —(C?O)R10, alkyl, aryl, alkaryl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxyaryl, or heterocyclic all either substituted or unsubstituted, or combine to form a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring; and R3-R9 are as described in the disclosure. Also featured are liquid crystal compositions comprising a chiral dopant compound represented by any of Structure 2-4 as described in the disclosure.

Abstract: Polar nematic compounds having the following structure: where is a caged boron structure. The sphere of the caged boron structure is C and each non-sphere vertex of the caged boron structure is B—H. R is H, an alkyl, a cycloalkyl, a bicycloalkyl, an alkenyl, a cycloalkenyl, a bicycloalkenyl, an alkynyl, an acyl, an aryl, an alkylaryl, a halogen, a cyano group, an isothiocyanoto group, or a group that forms an ether, a ketone, an ester, a thioester, a sulfide, or a sulfone. R? is H, an alkyl, a cycloalkyl, a bicycloalkyl, an alkenyl, a cycloalkenyl, a bicycloalkenyl, an alkynyl, an aryl, an alkylaryl, or a halogen. The compounds may be used in liquid crystal displays, and in television sets, laptop computers, computer monitors, hand-held communication devices, gaming devices, watches, cash registers, clocks, and calculators having liquid crystal displays.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composite comprising a polymer and a blue phase liquid crystal (BPLC). The polymer is a crosslinked and non-liquid crystalline polymer, the BPLC is dispersed in said polymer, and the ratio of the polymer to the BPLC by weight (Wp/Wl) satisfies the relationship: 12:88<Wp/Wl?30:70, wherein the Wp is the weight of the polymer, and Wl is the weight of the BPLC. The composite exhibits a very wide temperature range of blue phase of the BPLC, and can respond to an electric field at a millisecond level. The composite has an excellent stability, and a lower viscosity, while a wide viewing angle and a low driving voltage can be achieved. The invention also provides a method for preparing the composite, and a LCD device comprising the composite. The method of the present invention is simple and efficient.

Abstract: To provide a liquid crystal composition satisfying at least one characteristic such as a high maximum temperature of a nematic phase, a low minimum temperature thereof, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a large negative dielectric anisotropy and specific resistance, a high stability to ultraviolet light and heat, or a liquid crystal composition having a suitable balance regarding at least two characteristics; an AM device having a short response time, a large voltage holding ratio and contrast ratio, a long service life and so forth; wherein the liquid crystal composition contains a specific compound having a polymerizable group as a first component, and may contain a specific compound having a large negative dielectric anisotropy and a low minimum temperature as a second component, or a specific compound having a small viscosity or a large maximum temperature as a third component, and a liquid crystal display device contains the composition.

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid crystal cell and method thereof. The cell comprises two opposed substrates and a surfactant-free lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals (LCLC) material disposed therebetween. By using an ammonium compound with LCLC or surface treatment on the substrates, the alignment of the LCLC material can be manipulated as a homeotropic bulk alignment; or a hybrid bulk alignment in which the LCLC alignment is changed from homeotropic bulk alignment in the vicinity of one substrate to planar alignment in the vicinity of another substrate. The cell can be used in biosensing, detection and amplification of ligands, optical devices, and photovoltaics etc.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid-crystalline polymer composition comprising: 100 parts by weight of a liquid-crystalline polymer and 1-150 parts by weight of the total weight of talc particles (A) and talc particles (B), wherein talc particles (A) have an aspect ratio of 3.1-5.0 and a median particle diameter of 5-100 ?m; and talc particles (B) have an aspect ratio of 1.0-3.0 and a median particle diameter of 5-100 ?m; wherein the weight ratio of talc particles (A)/talc particles (B) is from 1/9 to 9/1, and wherein the liquid-crystalline polymer composition according to the present invention exhibits improved molding flowability without impairing mechanical properties.

Abstract: Polar nematic compounds, one example of which has the following structure: is a caged boron structure, where the sphere of the caged boron structure is C and each non-sphere vertex of the caged boron structure is B—H. R is H, an alkyl, a cycloalkyl, a bicycloalkyl, an alkenyl, a cycloalkenyl, a bicycloalkenyl, an alkynyl, an acyl, an aryl, an alkylaryl, a halogen, a cyano group, or an isothiocyanoto group, or R is a group that forms an ether, a ketone, an ester, a thioester, a sulfide, or a sulfone. X is COOR? or COSR?. R? is H, an alkyl, a cycloalkyl, a bicycloalkyl, an alkenyl, a cycloalkenyl, a bicycloalkenyl, an alkynyl, an aryl, a halogen, or a cyano group. The compounds may be used in liquid crystal displays (LCDs), and in television sets, laptop computers, computer monitors, hand-held communication devices, gaming devices, watches, cash registers, clocks, and calculators having liquid crystal displays.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes an illuminator and a liquid crystal panel for performing displaying by using light which is emitted from the illuminator. The liquid crystal panel includes a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer provided between the pair of substrates, and a pair of alignment films provided on sides of the pair of substrates facing the liquid crystal layer. At least one of the alignment films is a photo-alignment film which is imparted with an orientation regulating force through a photo-alignment treatment, and the illuminator includes a light source causing primary generation of at least blue light, among other light which is used for displaying.

Abstract: The present invention provides a mixture for liquid crystal medium and a liquid crystal display using the same. The mixture for liquid crystal medium comprises: at least one anisotropic liquid crystal material and a polymerizable monomer which will polymerize under UV irradiation. The weight percentage of the polymerizable monomer accounts for 0.1% to 1% of the total mixture for liquid crystal medium. In the mixture for liquid crystal medium and a liquid crystal display using the same according to the present invention, by using a polymerizable monomer which will polymerize under UV irradiation and the appropriate content ratio, the polymer bump with small size and good uniformity can be obtained within the mixture for liquid crystal medium after the polymerization, which avoids the bad liquid crystal alignment and the light spot occurred at the dark state of the liquid crystal panel, and then increases the response rapid of the liquid crystal panel to obtain high contrast ratio and stable mass production.

Abstract: The present invention provides a mixture for liquid crystal medium and a liquid crystal display using the same. The mixture for liquid crystal medium comprises: at least one anisotropic liquid crystal material and a polymerizable monomer which will polymerize under UV irradiation. The weight percentage of the polymerizable monomer accounts for 0.1% to 1% of the total mixture for liquid crystal medium. In the mixture for liquid crystal medium and a liquid crystal display using the same according to the present invention, by using a polymerizable monomer which will polymerize under UV irradiation and the appropriate content ratio, the polymer bump with small size and good uniformity can be obtained within the mixture for liquid crystal medium after the polymerization, which avoids the bad liquid crystal alignment and the light spot occurred at the dark state of the liquid crystal panel, and then increases the response rapid of the liquid crystal panel to obtain high contrast ratio and stable mass production.

Abstract: Disclosed are a silicon-containing compound, a liquid crystal composition comprising the same compound, and a liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal layer prepared from the liquid crystal composition. The silicon-containing compound, which forms the liquid crystal composition, has low viscosity and high positive dielectric anisotropy. Therefore, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display device, which has a fast response time and can be driven at a low voltage.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal composition formed by including a polymerizable compound represented by general formula (I) in a nematic liquid crystal composition with negative dielectric anisotropy (??). In the formula, ring C1 represents a benzene-1,2,4-triyl group, or the like; rings C2 to C4 represent a 1,4-phenylene group, a naphthalene-2,6-diyl group, or the like; M1 to M3 represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; Z1 and Z2 are a direct coupling, -L1-, -L1O—, -L1O—CO—, or the like; Z6 is a direct coupling, -L2-, -OL2-, —O—COL2-, or the like; at least one of Z1, Z2, and Z6 is not a direct coupling; L1 and L2 represent a C1-10 alkylene group; Z3 to Z5 represent a direct coupling, an ester bond, or the like; and p, q, and r are 0 or 1, wherein 1?p+q+r?3.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition including a first neutral liquid crystal, a second neutral liquid crystal, a first polar liquid crystal, a second polar liquid crystal, and a third polar liquid crystal. A liquid crystal display device includes a backlight unit and a liquid crystal display panel to form an image using light provided by the backlight unit. The liquid crystal display panel includes a first base substrate, an opposing second base substrate, and the liquid crystal composition disposed between the first and second base substrates.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composite material and a liquid crystal electro-optical display device are provided. A liquid crystal composite material, includes: a liquid crystal; a polymer; and a modified inorganic layered material, wherein the modified inorganic layered material is formed by modifying an inorganic layered material with a conjugated oligomer, and the conjugated oligomer has a quaternary ammonium group or sulfonate group.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable compound contains one or two or more polymerizable compounds having the general formula (I) as a first component and one or two or more non-polymerizable liquid crystal compounds having an alkenyl group as a second component. A liquid crystal display element is manufactured using the liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal mixture that includes an isotropic mixture of liquid crystal molecules and a photo-polymerizable monomer. In addition, disclosed are a liquid crystal display (LCD) including a first display panel and a second display panel facing each other, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first display panel and the second display panel and including a plurality of liquid crystal regions and a plurality of polymer structures positioned among the plurality of liquid crystal regions, and a method of manufacturing the liquid crystal display (LCD). The liquid crystal layer is formed of a liquid crystal mixture in which liquid crystal molecules and a photo-polymerizable monomer exist isotropically.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition includes a first compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 1 and a second compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 2. (herein, in Chemical Formula 1, R1 is an alkenyl group including a double bond and R2 is an alkyl group or an alkoxy group, and in Chemical Formula 2, R and R? are each independently an alkyl group or an alkoxy group).

Abstract: The subject is to provide a liquid crystal composition that satisfies at least one of characteristics such as a high maximum temperature of a nematic phase, a low minimum temperature of a nematic phase, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a large dielectric anisotropy, a large specific resistance, a high stability to ultraviolet light and a high stability to heat, or that is suitably balanced regarding at least two characteristics. The subject is to provide an AM device that has a short response time, a large voltage holding ratio, a large contrast ratio, a long service life and so forth. The invention provides a liquid crystal composition having a negative dielectric anisotropy that contains a specific compound having negatively large dielectric anisotropy as the first component, and has a specific two ring compound having a low viscosity as the second component, and provides a liquid crystal display device containing the composition.

Abstract: Compounds including at least one mesogenic substructure and at least one long flexible segment and methods of synthesizing the same are disclosed. Formulations which include various embodiments of the mesogen-containing compounds and their use in articles of manufacture and ophthalmic devices are also disclosed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display utilizing a vertically aligned state of liquid crystal molecules when no voltage is applied and to a method of manufacturing the same. Objectives include providing a liquid crystal display and a method of manufacturing the same in which the existing step for forming vertical alignment films can be omitted to achieve a cost reduction. The liquid crystal display includes a monofunctional monomer having a structure expressed by X—R (where X represents an acrylate group or a methacrylate group, and R represents an organic group having a steroid skeleton). A liquid crystal material is sandwiched between substrates, which are then irradiated with ultraviolet rays to cure the monofunctional monomer, thereby forming a polymer film at an interface of a substrate. The monofunctional monomer has a hydrophobic skeleton such as an alkyl chain and a photoreactive group on one side of the skeleton.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds represented by the following Formula Ic, in which R2-R6 can each independently be selected from hydrogen or hydrocarbyl (e.g., methyl); L1 and L4 are each independently a divalent linking group, such as a bond or —OC(O)—R8—C(O)O—, where R8 can be divalent hydrocarbyl (e.g., —CH2CH2—); each L2 and each L5 each independently represent a flexible segment, such as divalent linear or branched C1-C25 alkyl; each L3 and each L6 each independently represent a rigid segment including, for example, optionally substituted phenylen-1,4-diyl groups; t and s are each independently from 1 to 4; m and p are each independently from 0 to 4 for each t, provided that the sum of m and p is at least 1 for each t; q and r are each independently from 0 to 4 for each s, provided that the sum of q and r is at least 1 for each s; and E1 and E2 can each independently be hydrogen or hydrocarbyl.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dielectrically positive, preferably nematic, media comprising one or more polymerisable compounds of formula I in which the parameters have the meaning given in the text, to polymer-stabilized media obtained therefrom, to the use thereof in liquid-crystal displays, and to these displays, in particular PSA-IPS, PSA-FFS and PSA-positive VA displays.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds represented by the following Formula I, In Formula I, R1 and R2 are each independently selected from hydrogen, and optionally substituted hydrocarbyl, provided that at least one of R1 and R2 is selected from optionally substituted hydrocarbyl (e.g., tertiary butyl); n is 0, 1 or 2, and each R3 is independently selected from optionally substituted hydrocarbyl; L1 is a divalent linking group, such as a bond or —C(O)O—; each L2 independently represents a flexible segment, such as divalent linear or branched C1-C25 alkyl; each L3 independently represents a rigid segment including, for example, optionally substituted phenylen-1,4-diyl groups; t is from 1 to 4; m and p are each independently from 0 to 4 for each t, provided that the sum of m and p is at least 1 for each t; and E can be, for example, C5-C18 aryl.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds having negative dielectric anisotropy (??), which is distinguished by the fact that it has a value for the ratio ?1/?n2 in the range 6-45 with a clearing point of >60° C. and a ?? of ??2.3. Media of this type are particularly suitable for electro-optical displays having active-matrix addressing based on the ECB, PA LCD, FFS or IPS effect.

Abstract: Provided are a liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal display (LCD) including the liquid crystal composition. The LCD includes a first display panel a second display panel facing the first display panel, and a liquid crystal composition disposed between the first display panel and the second display panel. If a dielectric constant in a direction parallel to a long axis of liquid crystals is defined as a horizontal dielectric constant ??, a dielectric constant in a direction perpendicular to the long axis of the liquid crystals is defined as a vertical dielectric constant ??, and the difference between the vertical dielectric constant ?? and the horizontal dielectric constant ?? is defined as dielectric anisotropy ??, then a ratio ??/?? of the dielectric anisotropy ?? to the vertical dielectric constant ?? of the liquid crystal composition is 0.5 or less.

Abstract: A liquid crystal medium having an optically isotropic liquid crystal phase is described, which has stability to heat, light and so on, a broad temperature range of liquid crystal phase, a large optical anisotropy and a large dielectric anisotropy. A liquid crystal composition is described, which includes an achiral component T and a chiral dopant and exhibits an optically isotropic liquid crystal phase. The achiral component T contains, as its first component, at least one compound selected from compounds represented by formula (1), wherein R1 is C1-10 alkyl, the rings A1 to A6 are 1,4-phenylene, Z1 to Z7 are single bonds, Y1 and Y2 are fluorine; X1 is halogen, and i, j, k, m, n, p and q are independently 0 or 1.

Abstract: Methods for preparing ferroelectric nanoparticles, liquid crystal compositions containing the ferroelectric nanoparticles, and electronic devices utilizing the ferroelectric nanoparticles are described. The methods of preparing the ferroelectric nanoparticles may include size-reducing a starting material comprising particles of a bulk intrinsically nonferroelectric glass to form glass nanoparticles having an average size of less than 20 nm, the glass nanoparticles comprising ferroelectric nanoparticles. Exemplary bulk intrinsically nonferroelectric glasses may include borosilicate glasses, tellurite glasses, bismuthate glasses, gallate glasses, and mixtures thereof, for example. The size reduction may be accomplished using ball milling with a solvent combination such as n-heptane and oleic acid. Liquid crystal compositions may include the ferroelectric nanoparticles in combination with a liquid crystal.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes an illuminator and a liquid crystal panel for performing displaying by using light which is emitted from the illuminator. The liquid crystal panel includes a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal layer provided therebetween. The liquid crystal layer is formed of a liquid crystal material which contains molecules having at least one of a carbon-carbon triple bond and a polycyclic group. The illuminator includes a light source causing primary generation of at least blue light, among other light which is used for displaying.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable compound according to the present invention is used in a liquid crystal display element to which a liquid crystal alignment capability is provided by polymerization. The composition contains a polymerizable compound that polymerizes without a photopolymerization initiator or with only an extremely small amount of photopolymerization initiator. Therefore, the alignment after the polymerization becomes more stable and the display characteristics do not degrade. Thus, the polymerizable compound is suitable as a practical component of the liquid crystal composition. A liquid crystal display element that uses the liquid crystal composition containing a polymerizable compound according to the present invention can be suitably used for VA and IPS liquid crystal display elements.

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound having a high stability to heat, light or the like, a high clearing point, a low minimum temperature of a liquid crystal phase, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a large dielectric anisotropy, a suitable elastic constant and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds, and a liquid crystal composition including this compound, and a liquid crystal display device containing this composition. A compound represented by formula (1): for example, R1 is alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons; ring A1, ring A2 and ring A3 are 1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-phenylene or 1,4-phenylene in which at least one of hydrogen has been replaced by fluorine; Z1 is a single bond, and Z2 and Z3 are —CF2O— or —OCF2—; X1 is fluorine; and L1 and L2 are fluorine.

Abstract: The present inventions to provide a novel polymerizable chiral compound (chiral agent) having high helical twisting power, a polymerizable liquid crystal composition comprising the polymerizable chiral compound and a polymerizable liquid crystal compound, a liquid crystal polymer, and an optically anisotropic body.

Abstract: The disclosed subject matter provides a chiral host-guest composition for a ferroelectric liquid crystal mixture, the host-guest composition comprising a chiral guest compound and an achiral host compound, wherein the host-guest composition induces a greater degree of polarization in the liquid crystal mixture than is induced in the mixture with a comparable amount of the chiral guest compound in the absence of the achiral host compound. The chiral guest is a fluorinated compound comprising a aryl or heteroaryl core substituted with an alkyl chain, wherein the alkyl chain includes one or more fluorine atoms, each fluorine atom being bonded to a chiral carbon atom. The achiral host possesses a central thiadiazole core, with at least one aryl/heteroaryl wing, further substituted with alkyl or alkoxy groups.

Abstract: The present invention relates to dielectrically positive, preferably nematic, media comprising one or more polymerisable compounds, to polymer-stabilized media obtained therefrom, to the use thereof in liquid-crystal displays, and to these displays, in particular PSA-IPS, PSA-FFS and PSA-positive VA displays.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal display device of the VAIPS mode which uses a liquid crystal material having positive dielectric anisotropy and which has a fast response speed and excellent viewing angle characteristics without having a special cell structure such as pixel partitioning.

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound represented by formula (1-1). For example, R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbons, alkoxy having 1 to 9 carbons, alkoxyalkyl having 2 to 9 carbons or alkenyloxy having 2 to 9 carbons; the ring A1 is trans-1,4-cyclohexylene, 1,4-cyclohexenylene, 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl or pyridine-2,5-diyl; L1 and L2 are independently hydrogen or fluorine, and at least one of them is fluorine; and Z1, Z2 and Z3 are independently a single bond, —(CH2)2—, —CH?CH—, —C?C—, —CH2O—, —OCH2—, —COO— or —OCO—.

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid crystal compound having stability to heat, light and so forth, a wide temperature range of a nematic phase, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a suitable elastic constant K33, a suitable and negative dielectric anisotropy, and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. The invention provides a liquid crystal composition containing the compound described above and having stability to heat, light and so forth, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a suitable and negative dielectric anisotropy, a suitable elastic constant K33, a low threshold voltage, a high maximum temperature of a nematic phase, and a low minimum temperature of the nematic phase. The invention also provides a liquid crystal display device having a short response time, a small power consumption, a low driving voltage, and a large contrast, and containing the composition described above which can be used in a large temperature range.

Abstract: A composition including nanocomposites formed from blue phase liquid crystals that are stabilized with dopants and nanorods such as metallic nanorods and/or carbon nanotubes. Devices including the compositions are disclosed that provide increases temperature ranges as well as reduction in threshold voltage and turn on voltage, in addition to the inherent blue phase liquid crystal properties of sub-millisecond response time in the field induced Kerr effect.

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound having a high stability to heat, light or the like, a wide temperature range of a nematic phase, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a large elastic constant K33, a large negative dielectric anisotropy and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. Also, a liquid crystal composition having characteristics similar to these of the compound. Additionally, a liquid crystal display device having a short response time, low electric power consumption, a low driving voltage, a large contrast and a wide temperature range in which the device can be used. The compound is a 2,3-difluorobenzene derivative (1) having a combination of a cyclohexane ring, a cyclohexene ring or a benzene ring phenyl and a butene bonding group. The liquid crystal composition includes this compound, and the liquid crystal display device contains this composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to design and processes for the manufacture of backplane for segment displays. The process comprises: a) forming conductive lines on a non-conductive substrate layer; b) covering the conductive lines with a photoimageable material; c) forming conductive areas connected to the conductive lines and embedded in the photoimageable material; d) plating a conductive material over the photoimageable material to form segment electrodes; and e) optionally filling gaps between said segment electrodes with a thermal or radiation curable material followed by hardening said thermal or radiation curable material.