Abstract: A display material and method and device thereof are provided. The display material is first formed by evenly mixing appropriate weight ratios of DFLCs, incurable nanoparticles, curable nanoparticles, and a photoinitiator. Next, the evenly mixed mixture is disposed between two parallel conducting transparent substrates, wherein an electrical field is conducted thereto and the DFLCs therein aligned to the direction of the applied electrical field. Concurrently, under the applied electrical field, some curable nanoparticles within the evenly mixed mixture, form short nano chains, initiating the photo initiator. The frame structure of short nano chains stabilize both the clear and scattering states, thereby the bistable characteristic was improved and the contrast ratio was enhanced as applied to bistable displays.

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound having a good durability against light, a polymerizable liquid crystal composition and an optically anisotropic material are provided. Further, an optical element having a good durability against light and an optical information writing/reading device employing such an element are provided. The liquid crystal compound is represented by a general formula CH2?CR1—COO-(L)k-E1-E2-(E3)m-R2. E1 is preferably a trans-2,6-decahydronaphthalene group and E2 is preferably a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group. A phase difference plate 4 produced by employing the compound has a good durability against light, and accordingly, it is possible to achieve an optical head device employing a blue laser as a light source 1 and being suitable for large capacity writing/reading.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) panel includes a liquid crystal (LC) layer interposed between top and bottom substrates. The LC layer includes a plurality of LC compounds and a stabilization-aligned polymer polymerized from a plurality of polymerizable monomers and formed on at least one surface of the top substrate or the bottom substrate. The plurality of LC compounds comprise first, second, and third LC compounds in which the third LC compound is selected from the group consisting of a compound 3A, a compound 3B, a compound 3C, and combinations thereof. As seen from the chemical formulae, the plurality of LC compounds have condensed rings so that sensitivity to light and heat is reduced and reliability of the LCD panel is improved.

Abstract: A display device is provide, which includes a supporting substrate, a flexible display provided with a transparent display substrate formed above the supporting substrate, and a dilatant fluid accommodating member. The dilatant fluid accommodating member is disposed on the outside of the flexible display.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes an illuminator and a liquid crystal panel for performing displaying by using light which is emitted from the illuminator. The liquid crystal panel includes a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer provided between the pair of substrates, and a pair of alignment films provided on sides of the pair of substrates facing the liquid crystal layer. At least one of the alignment films is a photo-alignment film which is imparted with an orientation regulating force through a photo-alignment treatment, and the illuminator includes a light source causing primary generation of at least blue light, among other light which is used for displaying.

Abstract: Disclosed are a novel fluorene derivative, a liquid crystal composition comprising the same, and an optical film using the same liquid crystal composition. More particularly, there are provided a liquid crystal material for a viewing angle compensation film with high quality characteristics, which can improve a contrast ratio measured at an oblique angle to the front and minimize variations in color with viewing angles in a black state, a liquid crystal composition comprising the same liquid crystal material, and a compensation film obtained from the same liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: A display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer. The first substrate includes a switching element connected to a gate line and a data line crossing each other, and a pixel electrode electrically connected to the switching element. The pixel electrode includes a first domain-dividing portion extending in a direction. The second substrate is spaced apart from the first substrate to have a cell gap of about 3.1 ?m to about 3.3 ?m. The second substrate includes a common electrode including a second domain dividing portion formed in a region between the first domain-dividing portions adjacent to each other. The liquid crystal layer is interposed between the first and second substrates. The liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal composition having a refractive anisotropy (?n) of about 0.1010 to about 0.1030.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes an illuminator and a liquid crystal panel for performing displaying by using light which is emitted from the illuminator. The liquid crystal panel includes a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer provided between the pair of substrates, and a pair of alignment films provided on sides of the pair of substrates facing the liquid crystal layer. At least one of the alignment films is a photo-alignment film which is imparted with an orientation regulating force through a photo-alignment treatment, and the illuminator includes a light source causing primary generation of at least blue light, among other light which is used for displaying.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polymerisable compounds, to processes and intermediates for the preparation thereof, to the use thereof for optical, electro-optical and electronic purposes, in particular in liquid-crystal (LC) media and LC displays having a polymer-stabilised blue phase, and in LC media for LC displays of the PS or PSA (“polymer sustained” or “polymer sustained alignment”) type, and to LC media and LC displays comprising these compounds.

Abstract: The present invention relates to liquid-crystal (LC) media for use in LC displays of the PS (polymer stabilised) or PSA (polymer sustained alignment) type.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes first and second opposing substrates having first and second opposing surfaces, respectively, at least one of the surfaces having a metal disposed thereon, the substrates bonded together with an adhesive in contact with the metal, the adhesive comprising a blend of: a pressure sensitive adhesive component comprising at least one polymer having acid or base functionality, a high Tg polymer having a weight average molecular weight greater than 100,000 and having an acid or base functionality, and a crosslinker, wherein the functionality of the pressure sensitive adhesive component and the functionality of the high Tg polymer form an acid-base interaction when mixed.

Abstract: A thermally conductive polymer composition comprising liquid crystalline polymer; metal alloy having a melting point of between about 200° C. and about 500° C.; and thermally conductive filler other than the metal alloy. The composition has a volume resistivity of at least about 1×1013 ?·cm and a thermal conductivity of at least about 0.7 W/m·K.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to dielectrically positive nematic media comprising one or more compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formulae II and III and optionally one or more compounds of formulae IV and V and liquid crystal devices comprising these media and especially to fast switching electro-optical devices.

Abstract: The invention relates to chiral reactive mesogen (RM) mixtures, polymer films obtained thereof, and the use of the mixtures and polymer films in optical, electrooptical or electronic components or devices, in decorative, security or cosmetic applications, especially for use in broadband reflective polarizers.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition is described, which satisfies at least one characteristic among high maximum temperature of a nematic phase, low minimum temperature of a nematic phase, small viscosity, large optical anisotropy, large dielectric anisotropy, large specific resistance, high stability to ultraviolet light, high stability to heat and so on, or is properly balanced regarding at least two of the characteristics. To provide an AM device having short response time, large voltage holding ratio, large contrast ratio, long service life and so forth, the liquid crystal composition has a nematic phase and contains a specific three-ring compound having a large optical anisotropy as a first component, a specific four-ring compound having a large dielectric anisotropy as a second component, and a specific two-ring compound having a particularly small viscosity as a third component. A liquid crystal display device containing the liquid crystal composition is also described.

Abstract: According to a composition for a photo-alignment film of the present invention, which includes an azo compound and a polymer that exhibits mutual solubility with the azo compound, an adhesion to a substrate, particularly to a plastic substrate, is improved within both a photo-alignment film having a haze of not more than 1 obtained by forming a layer of the above composition for a photo-alignment film on a substrate and subsequently irradiating the layer with light to generate a liquid crystal alignment ability; and an optically anisotropic medium, wherein a layer (A) obtained by irradiating a layer of the above composition for a photo-alignment film with light to generate a liquid crystal alignment ability, and a polymer layer (B) obtained by polymerizing a liquid crystal compound having a polymerizable group in an aligned state generated by the layer (A) are bonded and laminated together by covalent bonds.

Abstract: A nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention includes one or at least two compounds represented by general formula (I) as a first component; and one or at least two compounds represented by general formula (II) as a second component, wherein a dielectric anisotropy is negative. The use of this nematic liquid crystal composition can provide a highly reliable liquid crystal display element capable of maintaining a high voltage-holding ratio even in a high temperature region, and achieving quick responsiveness without reducing the cell gap.

Abstract: A twisted nematic (TN) mode liquid crystal display is provided. The liquid crystal display includes first and second display panels facing each other to create an electric field therebetween, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second display panels. The liquid crystal layer contains liquid crystal molecules having positive dielectric anisotropy, and the liquid crystal layer has a structure in which long axes of the liquid crystal molecules are aligned spirally from the first display panel to the second display panel when no electric field is created in the liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal molecules have a dielectric anisotropy (??) in a range of 4.5 to 5.7, a splay elastic constant (K11) of 14 pN or less, and a bend elastic constant (K33) of 12 pN or greater.

Abstract: A polymerizable liquid crystal compound is represented by the following formula (1): P-Sp1-L1-M1-L2-Sp2-Ox ??(1) wherein P represents a polymerizable group; one of Sp1 and Sp2 represents a branched alkylene group, or an alkylene group containing, in the chain thereof, at least one divalent linking group selected from the group consisting of —O—, —C?C— and —S—; the other of Sp1 and Sp2 represents a straight chain alkylene group; each of L1 and L2 independently represents a divalent linking group; M1 represents a mesogenic group; and Ox represents a substituent containing an oxetanyl group.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition is provided that satisfies at least one characteristic among the characteristics such as a high maximum temperature of a nematic phase, a low minimum temperature of a nematic phase, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, negatively large dielectric anisotropy, a large specific resistance, a high stability to ultraviolet light and a high stability to heat, or is properly balanced regarding at least two characteristics. An AM device is provided that has a short response time, a large voltage holding ratio, a large contrast ratio, a long service life and so forth. The liquid crystal composition contains tetrahedropyrene-2,5-diyl as the first component, a specific compound having negatively large dielectric anisotropy as the second component, and a negatively dielectric anisotropy. The liquid crystal display device contains the liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: The invention is to provide a liquid crystal composition that satisfies at least one of characteristics such as a high maximum temperature of a nematic phase, a low minimum temperature of a nematic phase, a small viscosity, a large optical anisotropy, a large dielectric anisotropy, a large specific resistance, a high stability to ultraviolet light and a high stability to heat, or that is suitably balanced regarding at least two of the characteristics. The invention is to provide an AM device that has a short response time, a large voltage holding ratio, a large contrast ratio, a long service life and so forth. The invention is a liquid crystal composition that has a nematic phase and includes a specific four-ring compound having a high maximum temperature and a large optical anisotropy as a first component, and a specific four-ring compound having a large dielectric anisotropy as a second component, and is a liquid crystal display device containing this composition.

Abstract: A liquid crystal compound is to be obtained that has stability to heat, light and so forth, a high clearing point, a suitable optical anisotropy, a large negative dielectric anisotropy, and excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. A liquid crystal composition containing the compound is also to be obtained that has a low viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a suitable negative dielectric anisotropy, a low threshold voltage, a high maximum temperature of a nematic phase (phase transition temperature from a nematic phase to an isotropic phase), and a low minimum temperature of a nematic phase. A compound having a hydrocoumarin skeleton is synthesized, and a liquid crystal composition containing the compound is produced.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition is provided that satisfies at least one characteristic among the characteristics such as a high maximum temperature of a nematic phase, a low minimum temperature of a nematic phase, a low viscosity, a large optical anisotropy, a large dielectric anisotropy, a large specific resistance, a high stability to ultraviolet light and a high stability to heat, or is properly balanced regarding at least two characteristics. An AM device is provided that has a short response time, a large voltage holding ratio, a large contrast ratio, a long service life, and so forth. The liquid crystal composition has a nematic phase, wherein the first component contains a specific five rings compound having a large optical anisotropy and a large dielectric anisotropy, the second component contains a specific compound having a low viscosity. The liquid crystal display device contains the liquid crystal composition having a nematic phase and the composition thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to chiral compounds, methods of their preparation, and to their use in optical, electrooptical, electronic, semiconducting or luminescent components or devices, and in decorative, security, cosmetic or diagnostic applications.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition is provided that satisfies at least one of characteristics such as a high maximum temperature of a nematic phase, a low minimum temperature of a nematic phase, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a negatively large dielectric anisotropy, a large specific resistance, a high stability to ultraviolet light and a high stability to heat, or that is suitably balanced regarding at least two of the characteristics. The crystal liquid display device using the composition is suitable for an AM device that has a short response time, a large voltage holding ratio, a large contrast ratio, a long service life and so forth, and can be used for a liquid crystal projector, a liquid crystal television and so forth.

Abstract: The subject is to provide a liquid crystal composition that satisfies at least one of characteristics such as a high maximum temperature of a nematic phase, a low minimum temperature of a nematic phase, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a large dielectric anisotropy, a large specific resistance, a high stability to ultraviolet light and a high stability to heat, or that is suitably balanced regarding at least two characteristics. The subject is to provide an AM device that has a short response time, a large voltage holding ratio, a large contrast ratio, a long service life and so forth. The invention provides a liquid crystal composition having a negative dielectric anisotropy that contains a specific compound having negatively large dielectric anisotropy as the first component, and has a specific two ring compound having a low viscosity as the second component, and provides a liquid crystal display device containing the composition.

Abstract: A polymerizable composition comprising a bifunctional (meth)acrylate compound represented by general formula (1) and a monofunctional (meth)acrylate compound having a nitrile group at the terminal thereof represented by general formula (2). The mass ratio of them (the former/the latter) is from 90/10 to 40/60.

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid crystal compound which has stability to heat, light and so forth, a nematic phase in a wide temperature range, a small viscosity, a large optical anisotropy, and a suitable elastic constant K33, and further has a suitable and negative dielectric anisotropy and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. Moreover, the invention provides a liquid crystal composition comprising this liquid crystal compound and a liquid crystal display device containing this liquid crystal composition. A liquid crystal compound represented by formula (a): for example, R1 and R2 are alkyl having 1 to 10 carbons, alkenyl having 2 to 10 carbons or alkoxy having 1 to 9 carbons; ring A1 and ring A2 are 1,4-phenylene or trans-1,4-cyclohexylene; L1 and L2 are hydrogen or fluorine, and at least one of L1 and L2 is fluorine; and Z1 and Z2 are a single bond, —(CH2)2—, —CH?CH—, —CH2O— or —OCH2—.

Abstract: The invention relates 1,2,3,6,7,8-hexahydro-s-indacene derivatives and 6,7-dihydro-5H-indeno[5,6-d]-1,3-dioxole derivatives, and to the use thereof as component(s) in liquid-crystalline media. In addition, the present invention relates to liquid-crystal and electro-optical display elements which contain the liquid-crystalline media according to the invention.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device being resistant to display unevenness without loss of responsivity and being capable of securing configurational stability is provided. A liquid crystal display device includes: a liquid crystal layer including liquid crystal molecules and a polymer compound including a structure represented by Chemical Formula 1; and a pair of substrates facing each other with the liquid crystal layer in between, where m and n each are an integer of 1 to 4 both inclusive.

Abstract: A composition for a liquid crystal film includes: 100 parts by weight of a vertically aligned liquid crystal mixture; 0.001-20 parts by weight of a chiral dopant; and 50-900 parts by weight of a solvent.

Abstract: A polymerizable monomer adopted to a display panel is represented as following chemical formula: wherein, m?0; “Z” is selected from oxygen, sulfur, carbonyl, caroboxyl, methyoxy, methylthio, thio, ethenylcarbonyl, carbonylethenyl, difluoromethoxy, difluoro methylthio, ethyl, difluoroethane, 1,2 difluoroethane, vinylene, difluoroethenylene, ethynyl, or single bond. “X1” and “X2” are independently selected from oxygen, sulfur, methyoxy, carbonyl, caroboxyl, -carbamoyl, methylthio, ethenylcarbonyl, carbonylethenyl, or single bond. “Sp1” and “Sp2” are independently a spacer or single bond. “P1” and “P2” are independently a polymerizable group.

Abstract: The invention relates to a display apparatus including a first substrate supporting an array of light modulators, a second substrate separated from the first substrate by a gap, a fluid substantially filling the gap, sealing material joining the first substrate to the second substrate, and a bubble trapping region within a space enclosed by the sealing material for substantially constraining a location of a bubble trapped within the gap. In some embodiments, the bubble trapping region extends along a majority of a side of at least one of the substrates. In some embodiments, the fluid has a viscosity less than 70 centipoise.

Abstract: A laminated structure comprising, at least one optically anisotropic layer formed of a liquid crystalline composition comprising a compound having two or more types of reactive groups, and at least one photosensitive polymer layer. The laminated structure is useful for forming an optically anisotropic layer inside of a liquid crystal cell. The laminated structure is also useful for forming a liquid crystal cell substrate with an optically anisotropic layer having an optically compensating ability, inside of a liquid crystal cell.

Abstract: A blue phase liquid crystal composition and a LC display using the composition. The liquid crystal composition includes a first class including a highly polar compound and a second class including a highly conjugated liquid crystal compound. The blue phase liquid crystal display device includes first and second substrates each with polarizer on the exterior surface and the blue phase liquid crystal composition sandwiched therebetween with and patterned electrodes on one of the substrates or both substrates. The patterned electrodes can be T-shaped, chevron or v-shaped, thin comb like shape and can also be flat or trapezoidal. The device outputs different light transmissions from the electrically controllable induced birefringence of the blue phase LC material for a low driving voltage, high transmittance blue phase liquid crystal display device.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composite is provided, which includes a liquid crystal compound and a nanoparticle. The liquid crystal compound is an optically compensated birefringence (OCB) liquid crystal compound. The nanoparticle has at least one acrylic functional group on the main chain or side chain thereof. The nanoparticle is 0.1-2 wt % by weight of the liquid crystal composite.

Abstract: A polymerizable optically active compound of formula (1) has high helical twisting power. When added to a liquid crystal (LC) composition it achieves required helical pitch without largely impairing the physical and optical properties of the LC composition. The compound is suited to be compounded with a LC material, particularly a cholesteric LC material for making an optically anisotropic element excellent in heat resistance, solvent resistance, transparency, optical characteristics, and LC alignment fixing ability. The compound is also useful to form a LC alignment layer, a LC alignment controlling agent, a coating material, a protective film, etc. X1 and X2 each represent a (meth)acryloyloxy group; Y1 and Y2 each represent a single bond, an optionally branched C1-8 alkylene group, an ether linkage, a thioether linkage, —COO—, —OCO—, —OCO—O—, —S—CO—, —CO—S—, an optionally substituted 6-membered ring, an optionally substituted naphthalene ring, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Compounds including at least one mesogenic substructure and at least one long flexible segment and methods of synthesizing the same are disclosed. Formulations which include various embodiments of the mesogen containing compounds and their use in articles of manufacture and ophthalmic devices are also disclosed.

Abstract: Liquid crystal compositions comprising compounds including at least one mesogenic substructure and at least one long flexible segment and a compound selected from a photochromic compound, a dichroic compound and a photochromic-dichroic compound and methods of synthesizing the same and their use in articles of manufacture and ophthalmic devices are disclosed.

Abstract: Liquid crystal compounds of Formula (I) for use in liquid crystal devices contains a dioxatetralin unit within the mesogenic liquid crystal core. The dioxatetralin unit may be located at any position within the mesogenic core of the liquid crystal compound, either at the terminus of the liquid crystal core or alternatively substantially in the middle of the liquid crystal core. The compounds of the invention exhibit fast switching and may be used in liquid crystal mixtures for particular use in imaging or display media, such as monitors or televisions.

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid crystal (LC) composite, a LC cell, a LC device, and a method thereof. The LC composite comprises (i) a liquid crystal material, and (ii) a copolymer polymerized from LC monomers and non-LC-monomers; and the LC composite is mechanically stressed/sheared. The invention exhibits numerous merits such as high transmittance in visible and IR range, hysteresis free, and a simple fabrication process; and may be utilized in LC device applications such as adaptive optics e.g. beam steering devices and fast tip-tilt wavefront correctors; and general optical applications such as eye wears, compact cameras and compact telescopes.

Abstract: A bifunctional polymerizable compound represented by the following formula: A-E1-E2-(E3)k-E4-B wherein A is CH2?CR1—COO-(L1)m-; B is CH2?CR2—COO-(L2)n-; each of R1 and R2 which are independent of each other, is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; each of L1 and L2 is —(CH2)P— wherein p is each independently an integer of from 2 to 8, each of m and n which are independent of each other, is 0 or 1, provided that when at least one of m and n is 1, there may be an etheric oxygen atom between the carbon-carbon linkage of —(CH2)P— or at the terminal on the side bonded to E1 or E4, and at least one hydrogen atom may be substituted by a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom or a methyl group; each of E1 and E4 is a 1,4-phenylene group; and one of E2 and E3 is a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group and the other is a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group or a 1,4-phenylene group, k is 0 or 1, provided that when k is 0, E2 is a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group, and the 1,4-phenylene group and the trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group as E1 to E4 m

Abstract: The present invention relates to benzo[f]chromene and pyrano[3,2-f]-chromene derivatives of the formula I in which L1, L2, R1, R2, A1, A2, Z1, Z2, m and n are as defined in claim 1, to the preparation thereof, to the use thereof as components in liquid-crystalline media, and to electro-optical display elements which contain the liquid-crystalline media according to the invention.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition is provided that satisfies at least one of the characteristics such as a high maximum temperature of a nematic phase, a low minimum temperature of a nematic phase, a small viscosity, a large optical anisotropy, a large dielectric anisotropy, a large specific resistance, a high stability to ultraviolet light and a high stability to heat, or is properly balanced regarding at least two characteristics. An AM device is provided that has a short response time, a large voltage holding ratio, a large contrast ratio, a long service life and so forth. The liquid crystal composition having a negative dielectric anisotropy contains a first component having especially negatively large dielectric, a second component having a large negative dielectric anisotropy and a low minimum temperature, a third component having a high maximum temperature or a small viscosity. The liquid crystal display device contains the liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display comprises: a first substrate; a second substrate facing the first substrate; a liquid crystal layer formed between the first substrate and the second substrate, a first electrode formed on one of the first substrate and the second substrate, and a second electrode formed on one of the first substrate and the second substrate. The second electrode forms an electric field to a liquid crystal layer along with the first electrode, and the liquid crystal layer comprises about 25-35 wt % of a compound represented by Chemical Formula 1, and about 9-11 wt % of a compound represented by Chemical Formula 8. wherein X is an alkyl with a carbon number of 2, and Y is an alkenyl. wherein X is an alkyl with a carbon number of 3-7.

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid crystal compound having stability to heat, light and so forth, a wide temperature range of a nematic phase, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a suitable elastic constant K33, a suitable and negative dielectric anisotropy, and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. The invention provides a liquid crystal composition containing the compound described above and having stability to heat, light and so forth, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a suitable and negative dielectric anisotropy, a suitable elastic constant K33, a low threshold voltage, a high maximum temperature of a nematic phase, and a low minimum temperature of the nematic phase. The invention also provides a liquid crystal display device having a short response time, a small power consumption, a low driving voltage, and a large contrast, and containing the composition described above which can be used in a large temperature range.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition includes 100 parts by mass of a nematic liquid crystal composition having negative dielectric anisotropy and 0.01 to 3 parts by mass of a polymerizable compound of general formula (I). On being irradiated with an energy ray, such as UV rays, the liquid crystal composition provides an LCD capable of high-speed response without undergoing reduction in reliability (voltage holding ratio). In formula (I), rings C1-3 are benzene, cyclohexane or naphthalene; M1-2 are hydrogen or methyl; Z1 is a direct bond, -L1-, -L1O—, etc.; Z4 is a direct bond, -L2-, —OL2-, etc.; at least one of Z1 and Z4 is not a direct bond; L1,2 are C1-C10 alkylene; when Z1?Z4, one or more hydrogen atoms of the rings C1, C2, and C3 are substituted; Z2 and Z3 are each a direct bond, an ester bond, etc.; p and q are each 0 or 1, provided that p+q?1.

Abstract: A display material and method and device thereof are provided. The display material is first formed by evenly mixing appropriate weight ratios of DFLCs, incurable nanoparticles, curable nanoparticles, and a photoinitiator. Next, the evenly mixed mixture is disposed between two parallel conducting transparent substrates, wherein an electrical field is conducted thereto and the DFLCs therein aligned to the direction of the applied electrical field. Concurrently, under the applied electrical field, some curable nanoparticles within the evenly mixed mixture, form short nano chains, initiating the photo initiator. The frame structure of short nano chains stabilize both the clear and scattering states, thereby the bistable characteristic was improved and the contrast ratio was enhanced as applied to bistable displays.

Abstract: A liquid-crystal display includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed opposite the first substrate, and a plurality of pixel areas formed on the first substrate, where each pixel area has red, green, blue, and white sub-pixel areas. Red, green and blue color filter layers are disposed on the red, green and blue sub-pixel areas, respectively, and an overcoat layer is disposed over the red, green and blue color filter layers, where a portion of the overcoat layer forms a white color filter layer in the white sub-pixel area. The overcoat layer is formed from a UV-curable liquid pre-polymer material, which includes monomers each having a mono-functional group, and at least a di-functional group or a tri-functional group.

Abstract: The invention provides a liquid crystal compound having stability to heat, light and so forth, a wide temperature range of a nematic phase, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, and a suitable elastic constant K33, and further having a suitable and negative dielectric anisotropy and an excellent compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds, and a liquid crystal composition having stability to heat, light and so forth, a low viscosity, a large optical anisotropy, a suitable and negative dielectric anisotropy, and a suitable elastic constant K33, a low threshold voltage, a high maximum temperature (phase-transition temperature on a nematic phase-isotropic phase) of a nematic phase, and a low minimum temperature of the nematic phase. The liquid crystal compound which has a specific structure having fluorine at a lateral position and also having phenylene in which hydrogen on the benzene ring is replaced by fluorine, and a liquid crystal composition containing the compound are prepared.