In Nematic Phase Patents (Class 349/186)
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Patent number: 6903796Abstract: In an MVA mode liquid crystal display device, a concentration of a photo-cured product by a photo-curing composition having a liquid skeletal structure for liquid crystal molecules upon spray or bend deformation is set to 0.3 to 3 wt %. The liquid crystal skeletal structure is formed under the tilt state to substrates, and a mean tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules falls within a range defined by a polar angle of the liquid crystal skeletal structure and a pre-tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the proximity of the substrate interface.Type: GrantFiled: July 3, 2001Date of Patent: June 7, 2005Assignee: Fujitsu Display Technologies CorporationInventor: Shingo Kataoka
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Patent number: 6885412Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate opposing the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer provided in a gap between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a temperature adjustment member formed on the first substrate and/or the second substrate. The panel temperature T (° C.) of the liquid crystal display device is controlled to be equal to or greater than TNI-65 and less than or equal to TNI-15, where TNI (° C.) is the nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature of the liquid crystal composition of the liquid crystal layer.Type: GrantFiled: August 22, 2003Date of Patent: April 26, 2005Assignee: Sharp Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Noriaki Ohnishi, Yasuhiro Kume
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Patent number: 6885409Abstract: A display system includes a display arranged to receive an image wise pattern of light to form an image, including, a pair of conductors, at least one conductor being transparent, a layer of cholesteric liquid crystal material disposed between the conductors, the liquid crystal material having multiple stable optical states at zero electrical field, and a light absorber for forming an image wise thermal pattern in the liquid crystal sufficient to change the optical state of the cholesteric liquid crystal in response to an image wise pattern of light; a display writer, including, a light source for producing a flash of light of sufficient intensity to generate sufficient heat in the light absorber to change the optical state of the cholesteric liquid crystal, a mask located between the light source and the display for defining the image wise pattern of light, a display drive connectable to the conductors for generating an electric field between the conductors for changing the optical state of the cholesteric lType: GrantFiled: September 27, 2002Date of Patent: April 26, 2005Assignee: Eastman Kodak CompanyInventors: Stanley W. Stephenson, Xiang-Dong Mi, David M. Johnson
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Patent number: 6808763Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium which is characterized in that it comprises one or more compounds of the formula A and one more compounds of the formula B in which Ra, Rb, Rbb, x and L1 are as defined in claim 1.Type: GrantFiled: December 20, 2002Date of Patent: October 26, 2004Assignee: Merck Patent GmbHInventors: Harald Hirschmann, Sven Schüpfer, Martina Weidner, Renate Graulich
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Patent number: 6809785Abstract: Simplified manufacturing method for active matrix type semipermeable liquid crystal display devices also having improved productivity. In a manufacturing method for an active matrix type semipermeable liquid crystal display device, an interlayered insulator film is formed and processed in process A for forming an interlayered insulator film on a silicon layer forming the source and drain of the TFT; in a process B for forming a photoresist layer on the interlayered insulator film; in a process C for forming the photoresist layer in a designated pattern using a mask formed with a pattern below the resolution limit in the section for forming the reflecting electrode; in a process D for patterning the photoresist layer made in process C as the etching mask for etching the interlayered insulator film. After the process D, a source electrode, signal lines, drain electrode and reflecting electrode are simultaneously formed from the metallic film.Type: GrantFiled: September 12, 2001Date of Patent: October 26, 2004Assignee: Sony CorporationInventor: Masahiro Fujino
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Patent number: 6801291Abstract: The invention provides a liquid crystal device capable of obtaining a bright image with a high display quality by controlling disclination caused by a lateral electric field developed across a space between pixels, or the like.Type: GrantFiled: March 28, 2002Date of Patent: October 5, 2004Assignee: Seiko Epson CorporationInventor: Kinya Ozawa
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Publication number: 20040191427Abstract: Liquid crystal devices are described that exhibit bistable, tri-stable or other multistable operation. The stable liquid crystal configurations are attained using a surface alignment grating (144) on the internal surface of at least one cell wall (142). The surface profile of the surface alignment grating comprises three or more defect sites per grating period and permit the liquid crystal molecules to adopt any one of two or more stable pretilt angles in the same azimuthal plane. Application of a suitable voltage causes the liquid crystal material to switch between the stable configurations.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 16, 2003Publication date: September 30, 2004Inventors: Emma L Wood, Victor C Hui, John C Jones, Carl V Brown
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Transflective liquid crystal display device that controls disinclination caused by an electric field
Patent number: 6795155Abstract: The invention provides a liquid crystal device capable of obtaining a bright image with a high display quality by controlling disclination caused by a lateral electric field developed across a space between pixels, or the like.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 2003Date of Patent: September 21, 2004Assignee: Seiko Epson CorporationInventor: Kinya Ozawa -
Patent number: 6784955Abstract: The structure and construction of a bistable twisted nematic liquid crystal display with very long lifetime are disclosed. The two stable twist states in this display when no voltage is applied have almost infinite lifetimes and do not decay. These two stable twist states differ by a twist angle of 180°. New design conditions of this bistable twist structure are disclosed such that the contrast and the brightness are both optimized. This display can be operated in transmittive mode with two polarizes or in the reflective mode with one polarizer.Type: GrantFiled: October 1, 2001Date of Patent: August 31, 2004Assignee: The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyInventors: Hoi-Sing Kwok, Jian-Xin Guo
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Patent number: 6774977Abstract: A surface mode liquid crystal device, for example of the pi-cell type, comprises a layer nematic liquid crystal (10) disposed between alignment layers (4,9) and an electrode arrangement (3,8). The nematic liquid crystal has viscosity coefficients &eegr;1, &eegr;2 and &ggr;1, such that (&eegr;1-&eegr;2)/&ggr;1≧1.15 or (&eegr;1-&eegr;2)/&ggr;1≦0.9.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 2002Date of Patent: August 10, 2004Assignee: Sharp Laboratories of Europe LimitedInventors: Harry Garth Walton, Michael John Towler
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Publication number: 20040075081Abstract: The invention relates to liquid-crystalline compounds of the formula I and to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds, characterized in that it comprises one or more compounds of the general formula I 1Type: ApplicationFiled: September 30, 2003Publication date: April 22, 2004Inventors: Peer Kirsch, Marc Lenges, Michael Heckmeier
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Patent number: 6723393Abstract: A liquid crystal/cured composite layer is formed by sandwiching a mixture of a liquid crystal with an uncured curable compound i.e. a curable compound represented by a structure of an acryloyl group—(OR1)n—O-mesogen structural portion-O—(R2O)m-acryloyl group structure (wherein each of R1 and R2 is a C2-6 alkylene group, and each of n and m is from 1 to 10), between a pair of substrates provided with transparent electrodes, and curing the curable compound.Type: GrantFiled: July 3, 2001Date of Patent: April 20, 2004Assignee: Asahi Glass Company, LimitedInventors: Satoshi Niyama, Shinya Tahara
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Patent number: 6697144Abstract: Switchable optical components such as switchable mirrors and variable retarders are fabricated using a unique class of materials. These materials are thin film composites comprising of porous inorganic films imbibed with liquid crystal materials.Type: GrantFiled: December 19, 2001Date of Patent: February 24, 2004Assignee: Agilent Technologies, Inc.Inventor: John C. Kralik
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Publication number: 20040022962Abstract: A film for a liquid crystal display comprising a fatty acid cellulose ester film having an acetyl group and a propionyl group is disclosed. Sum of degree of acetyl substitution (DSac) and degree of propionyl substitution (DSpr) of the fatty acid cellulose ester film of the film is 2.8 or less, and a retardation value (Rt value) in the thickness direction defined by Formula 1 is 60 to 300 nm.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 18, 2003Publication date: February 5, 2004Applicant: Konica CorporationInventors: Toshiaki Shibue, Makoto Honda, Nobuo Kubo, Noriyasu Kuzuhara, Hiroki Umeda, Sota Kawakami, Takatoshi Yajima
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Patent number: 6683717Abstract: A neutral polarizer has a dichroic polarizing sheet and a polarizing and scattering sheet laminated on the dichroic polarizing sheet. The polarizing and scattering sheet has anisotropy in light scattering properties depending on a direction of polarization, and has an optical axis showing intense scattering properties. Scattering intensity of linearly polarized light having a polarization direction of the optical axis is greatly dependent on wavelength. An absorption axis of the dichroic polarizing sheet and the optical axis of the polarizing and scattering sheet are in parallel to each other. A liquid crystal display is provided so that this neutral polarizer is disposed on a light source side of a liquid crystal panel.Type: GrantFiled: April 26, 2000Date of Patent: January 27, 2004Assignee: Nitto Denko CorporationInventors: Minoru Miyatake, Takafumi Sakuramoto
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Patent number: 6654093Abstract: A reflective liquid crystal display device includes: first and second substrates spaced apart and facing each other; a twisted nematic liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the two substrates, the liquid crystal layer having a twist angle and birefringence property &Dgr;n and having a thickness d; a retardation film disposed on the first substrate and opposite to the liquid crystal layer, the film converting a first linearly polarized light from above to a first circularly polarized light and converting a second circularly polarized light reflected from below to a second linearly polarized light; a linear polarizer disposed on the retardation film and opposite to the liquid crystal layer and converting the incident light to the first linearly polarized light; and a reflector disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate and reflecting light passed through the liquid crystal layer.Type: GrantFiled: May 16, 2000Date of Patent: November 25, 2003Assignee: LG. Philips LCD Co., Ltd.Inventor: Woohyun Kim
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Patent number: 6649229Abstract: The invention relates to supertwist liquid-crystal displays (SLCDs) having very short response times and good steepnesses and angular dependences and to the novel nematic liquid-crystal mixtures employed therein, which are distinguished by the fact that they comprise at least one compound of the formula, IA and at least one compound of the formula IB and/or at least one compound of the formula IC in which Ra, Rb, Rc, Rd, Re, Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, q and p are as defined herein.Type: GrantFiled: December 23, 2002Date of Patent: November 18, 2003Assignee: Merck Patent GmbHInventor: Harald Hirschmann
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Patent number: 6600545Abstract: A twist-nematic liquid crystal display includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed to oppose to the first substrate with distance d1 therebetween, either one of the first and second substrates being a transparent substrate; a plurality of pixel electrodes formed on either one of a surface of the first substrate and a surface of the second substrate, said surfaces opposing to each other; a common electrode formed on other one of the surfaces respectively of the first and second substrates, a voltage applying unit for applying a voltage between the pixel electrodes and the common electrode, twist-nematic liquid crystal sandwiched between the first and second substrates, molecules of the liquid crystal respectively having long axes continuously twisted between the first and second substrates. When the twist-nematic liquid crystal has a birefringence index (retardation) of &Dgr;n, &Dgr;n×d1>2 &mgr;m is satisfied, where d1 is expressed in micrometers.Type: GrantFiled: November 10, 2000Date of Patent: July 29, 2003Assignee: Stanley Electric Co., Ltd.Inventor: Takashi Sugiyama
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Patent number: 6562421Abstract: A supertwisted nematic liquid crystal display comprising: a pair of substrates each having a liquid crystal orientation-controlling layer and a transparent electrode; a liquid crystal material held between said substrates; and at least one polarizing sheet provided on at least one of said substrates, wherein said liquid crystal material comprises: (a) a compound represented by formula (I): and (b) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of: compounds represented by formula (II): and compounds represented by formula (III):Type: GrantFiled: August 29, 2001Date of Patent: May 13, 2003Assignee: Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc.Inventors: Go Sudo, Takeshi Kuriyama, Shotaro Kawakami, Hiroyuki Ohnishi, Haruyoshi Takatsu
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Patent number: 6558759Abstract: A liquid crystal display device is formed with a pair of transparent substrates, each substrate having on one of its surfaces a coating of a transparent electrically conducting material which serves as an electrode. A nematic discotic material is sandwiched between the coated surfaces of the substrates thereby forming a cell. The nematic discotic material has a negative dielectric anisotropy and acts as the electrically switchable material for the electro-optic functioning of the liquid crystal display device. In addition, the cell resides between a pair of crossed polarizers.Type: GrantFiled: January 4, 2001Date of Patent: May 6, 2003Assignee: Centre for Liquid Crystal ResearchInventors: Sivaramakrishna Chandrasekhar, Subbarao Krishna Prasad, Geetha Gopinathan Nair, Doddamane Sreenivasamurthy Shankar Rao, Sandeep Kumar, Mayandithevar Manickam
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Patent number: 6555186Abstract: The invention relates to TN and STN liquid-crystal displays and to the novel nematic liquid-crystal mixtures used therein, characterized in that they comprise one or more compounds of the formula I in which R1, R2, A, u, L1 and L2 are as defined herein.Type: GrantFiled: June 19, 2001Date of Patent: April 29, 2003Assignee: Merck Patent GmbHInventors: Harald Hirschmann, Martina Weidner, Sven Schupfer, Peer Kirsch
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Patent number: 6544602Abstract: The invention relates to supertwist liquid-crystal displays (SLCDs) having very short response times and good steepnesses and angle dependencies, and to the novel nematic liquid-crystal mixtures used therein, which are distinguished in that they comprise at least one compound of the formula IA and at least one compound of the formula IB in which Ra, Rb, Rc, Rd, Y1, Y2, n and p have the meaning given.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 2000Date of Patent: April 8, 2003Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschränkter HaftungInventors: Harald Hirschmann, Clarissa Weller, Georg Weber, Kazuo Totani, Akihiro Kojima
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Patent number: 6531194Abstract: The invention relates to supertwist liquid-crystal displays (SLCDs) having very short response times and good steepnesses and angular dependences and to the novel nematic liquid-crystal mixtures employed therein, which are distinguished by the fact that they comprise at least one compound of the formula IA and at least one compound of the formula IB and/or at least one compound of the formula IC in which Ra, Rb, Rc, Rd, Re, Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, q and p are as defined above.Type: GrantFiled: December 12, 2000Date of Patent: March 11, 2003Assignee: Merck PatentgesellschaftInventor: Harald Hirschmann
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Patent number: 6524666Abstract: The invention relates to dielectrically positive nematic liquid crystal compositions for active matrix displays with high voltage holding ratio and very low birefringence. The composition of the mixtures is given in claim 1. The compositions are particularly suited for reflective displays. The invention further relates to particular reflective displays with low optical retardation.Type: GrantFiled: February 17, 2000Date of Patent: February 25, 2003Assignees: Merck Patent Gesellschaft, Sharp CorporationInventors: Hideo Ichinose, Shinji Nakajima, Akiko Takashima, Masako Nakamura, Yoshito Hashimoto, Makoto Kanbe
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Patent number: 6493055Abstract: A liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes: a pair of substrates for which a homeotropic alignment treatment is performed; a liquid crystal layer provided between the substrates; and a transverse electric field generating electrode capable of being driven in a matrix driving manner which is provided on at least one of the pair of substrates and is connected to external control means. A liquid crystal material contained in the liquid crystal layer is a liquid crystal material which, as a whole liquid crystal layer, generates spontaneous polarization by a piezoelectric effect.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 2000Date of Patent: December 10, 2002Assignee: Sharp Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Fumikazu Shimoshikiryo, Shuichi Kozaki, Koichi Miyachi
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Patent number: 6449024Abstract: A brighter active matrix type liquid crystal electro-optical device with a higher contrast, yet having a wider visual angle is realized, said liquid crystal electro-optical device comprises a liquid crystal layer and means for applying an electric field to the liquid crystal layer in the direction parallel to the substrate, wherein the liquid crystal layer comprises a liquid crystal material dispersed in a polymer material. Also a liquid crystal electro-optical device comprising a liquid crystal layer disposed on a substrate is included, wherein the transmission mode or the dispersion mode of an incident light is selected by an electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer in the direction parallel to the liquid crystal layer.Type: GrantFiled: January 27, 1997Date of Patent: September 10, 2002Assignee: Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Inc.Inventors: Yoshiharu Hirakata, Takeshi Nishi, Rumo Satake
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Patent number: 6440506Abstract: The invention relates to supertwist liquid-crystal displays (STN-LCDs) having short switching times and good steepnesses and angle dependencies, and to the novel nematic liquid-crystal mixtures used therein, which comprise compounds having a 3,4,5-trifluorophenyl group together with compounds of formula I wherein R3 is an alkenyl group with 2 to 7 C atoms, R4 is an optionally fluorinated alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl or alkenyloxy group with 1 to 12 C atoms, wherein one or two non-adjacent CH2 groups can be replaced by —O—, —CH═CH—, —CO—, —OCO— or —COO— in such a manner that O atoms are not directly adjacent to one another, or, in case m=1, R4 can also be Q—Y, Q is CF2, OCF2, CFH, OCFH or a single bond, Y is F or Cl, L1 and L2 are each independently H or F, and m is 0 or 1.Type: GrantFiled: November 19, 1999Date of Patent: August 27, 2002Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschrankter HaftungInventors: Akihiro Kojima, Fumio Shimano, Yukiko Fujii, Izumi Saito, Kazuo Totani
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Patent number: 6424387Abstract: A device main body is formed portable, which includes (i) an information writing/erasing section which erases information recorded in a liquid crystal paper and returns the liquid crystal paper into an initialized state in which information recording is possible, and records information previously stored in the device main body into the initialized liquid crystal paper as required, and (ii) a sheet holding section which holds the liquid crystal paper in such a manner that the liquid crystal paper can be transported to an information erasure position and an information recording position in the information writing/erasing section and that the liquid crystal paper is curved at portions thereof other than those at which information recording and erasing is carried out. With this, it is possible to provide an information recording device with improved operability, such as improved portability and capability of easily reading out information at any place.Type: GrantFiled: March 7, 2001Date of Patent: July 23, 2002Assignee: Sharp Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Eiji Sato, Shiro Narikawa, Tomoko Nishino, Masao Yamamoto
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Publication number: 20020064607Abstract: The invention relates to TN and STN liquid-crystal displays and to the novel nematic liquid-crystal mixtures used therein, characterized in that they comprise one or more compounds of the formula I 1Type: ApplicationFiled: June 19, 2001Publication date: May 30, 2002Applicant: Merck Patent GmbHInventors: Harald Hirschmann, Martina Weidner, Sven Schupfer, Peer Kirsch
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Patent number: 6379850Abstract: A rewritable thermosensible recording material shown by the following chemical formula. This recording material can be produced by condensing a derivative of dicarboxylic acid and cholesterol or by making halide dicarboxylic acid and cholesterol react to each other. By locating this material purely or as a mixture between a base layer and a transparent protective layer, a rewritable thermosensible recording medium can be obtained.Type: GrantFiled: June 23, 1999Date of Patent: April 30, 2002Assignee: Minolta Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hideaki Ueda, Tsuyoshi Nozaki, Shoji Kotani
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Publication number: 20020039167Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal display apparatus comprising a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal layer provided between the substrates, the liquid crystal layer containing a liquid crystal composition that exhibits a cholesteric phase. The liquid crystal composition contains a mixture of a chiral material and nematic liquid crystal.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 19, 2001Publication date: April 4, 2002Applicant: MINOLTA CO., LTDInventors: Takeshi Kitahora, Akihito Hisamitsu, Hideaki Ueda, Mitsuyo Matsumoto
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Publication number: 20020015132Abstract: A liquid crystal display which carries out matrix driving of a chiral nematic liquid crystal composition, which is capable of displaying an image theron continuously after a turn-off of an electric field applied thereto, by applying an electric field to the liquid crystal composition through a plurality of scan electrodes and a plurality of data electrodes which face and cross each other with the liquid crystal composition in-between. The nematic liquid crystal which is the main element of the liquid crystal composition mainly contains a liquid crystalline ester compound, a liquid crystalline stilbene compound, a liquid crystalline tarphenyl compound or a liquid crystalline tolane compound.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 17, 2001Publication date: February 7, 2002Applicant: Minolta Co., Ltd.Inventors: Nobuyuki Kobayashi, Takeshi Kitahora, Fumie Motoori, Hideaki Ueda
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Patent number: 6210760Abstract: Supertwist liquid crystal displays having very short switching times are obtained if the nematic liquid crystal mixture contains at least one component chosen from group A consisting of compounds of the formulae AI to AVI: wherein R1 and R2 in each case independently of one another are each R and R is alkyl having 1-12 C atoms, wherein one or two non-adjacent CH2 groups can also be replaced by —O—, —CH═CH—, —CO—, —O—CO— or —CO—O—, and up to four other components.Type: GrantFiled: December 8, 1998Date of Patent: April 3, 2001Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschrankter HaftungInventors: Georg Weber, Herbert Plach, Takamasa Oyama, Hiroki Yoshitake, Bernhard Scheuble, Reinhard Hittich, Hans Adolf Kurmeier, Eike Poetsch, Klaus Peter Stahl
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Patent number: 6195145Abstract: A liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes: a pair of substrates; a liquid crystal layer provided between the substrates; and a transverse electric field generating electrode capable of being driven in a matrix driving manner which is provided on at least one of the pair of substrates and is connected to external control means. Each of the pair of substrates is provided with alignment means for aligning liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer so that the liquid crystal layer has spontaneous polarization generally parallel to a surface of the substrate.Type: GrantFiled: October 1, 1997Date of Patent: February 27, 2001Assignee: Sharp Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Fumikazu Shimoshikiryo, Shuichi Kozaki, Teruyoshi Hara, Koichi Miyachi
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Patent number: 6183821Abstract: Supertwist liquid-crystal displays (SLCDs) with outstanding properties are obtained if the nematic liquid-crystal mixtures used therein comprise one or more compounds of the formula IA and one or more compounds of the formula IB Ra is alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl or alkenyloxy having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, Rb is alkyl or alkoxy having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, Z is —COO —CH2CH2— or a single bond, and are each, independently of one another, and one of the rings may alternatively be R3 is an alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, R4 is as defined for Ra in the formula IA, and c is 0 or 1.Type: GrantFiled: November 27, 1998Date of Patent: February 6, 2001Assignee: Merck Patent GesellschaftInventors: Harald Hirschmann, Sven Schüpfer, Marcus Reuter, Volker Reiffenrath, Sabine Schoen
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Patent number: 6130739Abstract: A liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes: a pair of substrates for which a homeotropic alignment treatment is performed; a liquid crystal layer provided between the substrates; and a transverse electric field generating electrode capable of being driven in a matrix driving manner which is provided on at least one of the pair of substrates and is connected to external control means. A liquid crystal material contained in the liquid crystal layer is a liquid crystal material which, as a whole liquid crystal layer, generates spontaneous polarization by a piezoelectric effect.Type: GrantFiled: October 2, 1997Date of Patent: October 10, 2000Assignee: Sharp Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Fumikazu Shimoshikiryo, Shuichi Kozaki, Koichi Miyachi
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Patent number: 6083423Abstract: The invention relates to a nematic liquid crystal mixture having a positive dielectric anisotropy .DELTA..epsilon. of at least +4 and a birefringence .DELTA.n of at least 0.12, characterized in that the mixtures comprises one or more components having the core structure ##STR1## wherein L.sup.1, L.sup.2, Y and Z are each independently of one another H or F, one of Q.sup.1 and Q.sup.2 is 1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene or 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene and the other residue Q.sup.1 or Q.sup.2 is --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- or -- if at least one of L.sup.1, L.sup.2, Y and Z denotes F-- also a single bond, whereby this core structure can be optionally further fluorinated in the benzene rings.Type: GrantFiled: March 12, 1997Date of Patent: July 4, 2000Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit Beschrankter HaftungInventors: Bernhard Rieger, Volker Reiffenrath, Reinhard Hittich
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Patent number: 6080451Abstract: Supertwist liquid crystal displays (STN displays) of excellent characteristics are obtained if the nematic liquid crystal mixtures used therein comprise at least one compound of the formula IA ##STR1## and at least one compound of the formula IB ##STR2## in which R.sup.a, R.sup.b, Z, L.sup.a, L.sup.b, L.sup.c, L.sup.d, L.sup.e, L.sup.f, L.sup.g, L.sup.h, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 are as defined below.Type: GrantFiled: October 5, 1998Date of Patent: June 27, 2000Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft MitInventors: Harald Hirschmann, Sven Schupfer, Volker Reiffenrath, Sabine Schoen
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Patent number: 6049364Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel includes a counter substrate having a counter electrode and a multi-layered dielectric film both formed thereon, and an array substrate formed with pixel electrodes and thin-film transistors serving as switching elements. A layer of polymer dispersed liquid crystal material containing a UV-curable resin component and a liquid crystal component is sandwiched and sealed between the counter and array substrates. A light shielding film is formed over each thin-film transistor. The multi-layered dielectric film is a laminated structure of alternating thin-films of SiO.sub.2 and HfO.sub.2. Since the multi-layered dielectric film is of a nature capable of transmitting UV-rays of light therethrough, the UV-curable resin component positioned underneath the multi-layered dielectric film can be cured during the manufacture.Type: GrantFiled: January 27, 1997Date of Patent: April 11, 2000Assignee: Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.Inventors: Hiroshi Takahara, Shinya Sannohe
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Patent number: 6046791Abstract: A polymer dispersed liquid crystal electro-optical device comprising a liquid crystal polymer complex layer having a liquid crystal and a polymer, wherein said liquid crystal and said polymer are aligned in the same direction when no electric field is applied, and an electrode structure formed on each side of said liquid crystal polymer complex layer for applying an electric field to said liquid crystal polymer complex layer to align said liquid crystal along the electric field so as to render said liquid crystal polymer complex layer in a light-scattering state.Type: GrantFiled: July 9, 1997Date of Patent: April 4, 2000Assignee: Seiko Epson CorporationInventors: Hidekazu Kobayashi, Shuhei Yamada
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Patent number: 6015507Abstract: A liquid crystal element includes a pair of plates at least one of which is transparent, and a composite layer retained between the plates and including a liquid crystal material in a transparent resin substrate.Type: GrantFiled: November 8, 1995Date of Patent: January 18, 2000Assignee: Minolta Co., Ltd.Inventors: Nobuyuki Kobayashi, Kiyofumi Hashimoto, Takuji Hatano
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Patent number: 6011606Abstract: An active matrix type liquid crystal display apparatus having a pair of substrates sandwiching a liquid crystal layer. A group of electrodes form a matrix of pixels and an active device, each of the group of electrodes being provided between the liquid crystal and one of the substrates. The electrodes are arranged so as to apply an electric field, mainly parallel to the substrates. The resistivity of the liquid crystal layer is lower than or equal to 1.times.10.sup.14 .OMEGA..multidot.cm. The relationship between the elasticity constant K2 and the dielectric anisotropy .DELTA..epsilon. satisfies the equation K.sub.2 /.DELTA..epsilon.<9.0.times.10.sup.-8 [dyn]. Further, a relationship between a gap between a pixel electrode and a common electrode and a gap between the pair of substrates is satisfied.Type: GrantFiled: March 17, 1995Date of Patent: January 4, 2000Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.Inventors: Masahito Ohe, Katsumi Kondo, Masuyuki Ota
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Patent number: 5997767Abstract: The invention relates to supertwist liquid-crystal displays (SLCDs) having very short response times and good steepnesses and angle dependences, and to the nematic liquid-crystal mixtures according to the invention used therein, which are distinguished by the fact that they comprise at least one compound of the formula IA and at least one compound of the formula IB ##STR1## in which R, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and C are as defined herein.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 1998Date of Patent: December 7, 1999Assignee: Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschrankter HaftungInventors: Harald Hirschmann, Clarissa Weller, Volker Reiffenrath
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Patent number: 5985170Abstract: A liquid crystal composition for a liquid crystal display device of supertwisted nematic mode characterized in that it comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of condensed heterocyclic compounds, aromatic amine compounds, aliphatic amine compounds and aromatic hydroxy compounds. Liquid crystal display devices having high quality such that no irregular display caused by dust and fusion phenomena are observed can be provided by using the liquid crystal compositions by controlling to scarcely lower the specific resistance value and to lower the voltage-holding ratio.Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 1997Date of Patent: November 16, 1999Assignee: Chisso CorporationInventors: Shinichi Inaba, Tsutomu Mikajiri
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Patent number: 5956113Abstract: A bistable reflective display has a stable focal conic or weakly scattering state even when an applied voltage used to transition to the focal conic state is removed. The bistable reflective display includes first and second substrates, a cholesteric liquid crystal material located between the first and second substrates and silica agglomerates dispersed within the cholesteric liquid crystal material.Type: GrantFiled: January 31, 1997Date of Patent: September 21, 1999Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventor: Greg P. Crawford
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Patent number: 5942154Abstract: A liquid crystal display having a liquid crystal mixture of cholesteric and nematic liquid crystal materials and a method of manufacturing the display. A polymer-liquid crystal mixture, obtained by mixing a mixture of cholesteric and nematic liquid crystals with a polymer compound, is sealed in a plurality of cells between two substrates having respective electrodes. Various mixtures are used in different cells so that different colors can be displayed.Type: GrantFiled: September 11, 1997Date of Patent: August 24, 1999Assignee: Samsung Display Devices Co., Ltd.Inventors: Si-hwan Kim, Seung-bae Lee, Jin-woo Park
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Patent number: 5933203Abstract: Driver apparatus and methods of driving at least a portion of a cholesteric liquid crystal ("CLC") panel to a state having a given reflectivity. One of the methods includes the steps of: (1) initially driving the portion to a nematic phase, (2) subsequently driving the portion to a cholesteric phase focal-conic state, the cholesteric phase focal-conic state providing a known reference state for subsequent driving of the portion and (3) thereafter driving the portion to the state having the given reflectivity.Type: GrantFiled: January 8, 1997Date of Patent: August 3, 1999Assignee: Advanced Display Systems, Inc.Inventors: Bao-Gang Wu, Jianmi Gao, Meng Zhao
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Patent number: 5877835Abstract: The driving voltage of a liquid crystal display can be adjusted by irradiating the liquid crystal fluid in the display with ultraviolet light. After the fluid is placed in the display, it is exposed to a predetermined dose of high intensity ultraviolet light. The ultraviolet light alters the chemical composition of the fluid, thus changing the switching voltage of the fluid and the driving voltage of the display.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 1997Date of Patent: March 2, 1999Assignee: Motorola, Inc.Inventors: Patrick M. Dunn, Thomas J Swirbel, Diana Works
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Patent number: 5874022Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid crystal composition satisfying many characteristics required to liquid crystal compositions for AM-LCD, having a preferable .DELTA.n value in proportion to the cell thickness, and having very low threshold value suitable for driving at low voltage.The liquid crystal composition of the present invention comprises as the first constituent at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by particular formula (I) and as the second constituent at least one compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by particular formulas (II-1)-(II-7).Type: GrantFiled: September 12, 1997Date of Patent: February 23, 1999Assignee: Chisso CorporationInventors: Yasuhiro Kubo, Fusayuki Takeshita, Tetsuya Matsushita, Etsuo Nakagawa, Tomoyuki Kondo
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Patent number: 5861198Abstract: A liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal material put between a pair of substrates each comprising a transparent electrode and an alignment layer formed thereon in such a manner that the alignment layers are arranged inside so as to face each other, characterized in that at least one of said pair of substrates has an alignment layer formed thereon, which is capable of forming two or more different alignment states of the liquid crystal by an aligning processing in one direction, and at least one of said pair of substrates has an alignment layer formed thereon which generates a pretilt angle of the liquid crystal of at least 2.degree.. The device has a high contrast and less dependency of display characteristics on the viewing angle.Type: GrantFiled: March 13, 1996Date of Patent: January 19, 1999Assignee: Hoechst AktiengesellschaftInventors: Hidemasa Yamaguchi, Fumie Nozawa, Masami Ubukata