Abstract: This invention is a method of manufacturing liquid crystal device, wherein a high molecular liquid crystal layer of the device is formed by applying a high moleculer liquid crystal solution to form an active layer on the substrate and evaporating the solvent, and as high molecule liquid crystal, for example, high molecular liquid crystal having a structure formula as following is utilized.

Abstract: This invention refers to a liquid crystal device that provides a color display by utilizing a colorization phenomenon caused by double refraction birefringence of a liquid crystal, wherein the color tone that appears when no voltage or a non-selected voltage is applied is white or a non-color close thereto, and at least two colors are displayed when a voltage is applied, and electronic equipment in which this liquid crystal device is installed.A liquid crystal device which is capable of displaying colors without using color filters and which is also capable of displaying white or a non-color close thereto is implemented by optimizing the value of .DELTA.n.multidot.d of the liquid crystal and the relationship between the value of .DELTA.n.multidot.d of the liquid crystal and the value of retardation (R) of an optically anisotropic substance such as a retardation film.In other words, the liquid crystal cell and the optically anisotropic substance should be such as to satisfy the following relationships:.DELTA.

Abstract: R.sub.1 --A--(X).sub.m --(B).sub.n --R.sub.2 (I)R.sub.3 --J--(Y).sub.p --(Z).sub.q --R.sub.4 (II)Liquid crystal compounds of formula (I) are described, where formula (I) is given as R.sub.1 --A--(X).sub.m --(B).sub.n --R.sub.2 where A is selected from nathyl, fluorinated naphthyl, brominated naphthyl, B is selected from phenyl, methylated phenyl, brominated phenyl, fluorinated phenyl, thiophene, pyrimidine and pyridine, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently selected from alkyl, alkoxy, alkynyl, thioalkyl, Br, CN, SCN, NCS, perfluoroalkyl, perfluoroalkoxy and hydrogen, X is selected from C.tbd.C, COO and C.tbd.C, m is 0 or 1, n is 0 or 1 where m is 1 and n is 0 where m is 0; provided that where A is naphthyl, n is 1 and m is 0 then B is selected from methylated phenyl, brominated phenyl, thiophene, pyrimidine and pyridine; and further provided that where A is naphthyl, X is C.tbd.C, m is 1 and n is 1, then B is selected from thiophene, pyrimidine and pyridine.

Abstract: A liquid alignment layer characterized by comprising two or more types of polymers wherein a difference between the maximum SP value and the minimum SP value in said polymers being at least 1, and a liquid crystal display device provided with this liquid crystal alignment layer.

Abstract: In a display device having a TN liquid crystal cell which can be illuminated by transmitted light from a source of light, the nematic liquid crystal substance of which cell contains a coloring substance. The control regions of the TN liquid crystal cell can be acted on by an actuation voltage between an actuation level and a non-actuation level of the electro-optic characteristic curve, in which connection bright signs can be shown on a dark display surface by the liquid crystal cell. The liquid crystal cell can be acted on by an actuation voltage between the actuation level and a non-actuation level in the undershoot region of the characteristic having the least transmission.

Abstract: A first optical compensation plate consists of M (M being an integer equal to or greater than 2) optical compensation layers. A second optical compensation plate consists of N (N being an integer equal to or greater than 2) optical compensation layers. A liquid crystal display panel has (M+N) liquid crystal layers. The liquid crystal layers are made of materials having optically different polarities from those of the first and second optical compensation plates. Further, the direction of the optic axis of a j-th (j=1, 2, . . . , M) optical compensation layer from a first surface of the first optical compensation plate is substantially parallel to the direction of the optic axis of an (M-j+l)-th liquid crystal layer from the first optical compensation plate of the liquid crystal display panel at the time of voltage application, and the direction of the optic axis of an i-th (i=1, 2, . . .

Abstract: The invention relates to monofunctional reactive terphenyls of formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.4 is CH.sub.2 =CW--COO--, ##STR2## HWN--, CH.sub.2 =CH--, CH.sub.2 =CH--O-- or HS--CH.sub.2 --(CH.sub.2).sub.m --COO-- with W being H, Cl or alkyl with 1-5 C atoms and m being 1-7,P is alkylene with up to 12 C atoms, it being also possible for one or more non adjacent CH.sub.2 groups to be replaced by --O--,L.sup.1 is H or F,X is --O--, --S--, --COO--, --OCO-- or a single bond,u is 0 or 1,n is an integer 1 to 8, andm is an integer 2 to 8.

Abstract: A sub-twisted nematic liquid crystal display (SBTN-LCD) device (30) having a liquid crystal layer (34) characterized as a polarization rotator below an optical threshold voltage, a half-wavelength plate at approximately a saturation voltage, and a transparent layer above the saturation voltage. The twist angle of the liquid crystal layer is between 46.degree.-89.degree., preferably about 55.degree.. The product of the birefringence of the liquid crystal and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer (.DELTA.nd) is in the range of 0.35-0.70 .mu.m, and preferably about 0.52 .mu.m for the 55.degree. twist. One polarizing layer (42) is applied to the liquid crystal device with the polarization direction either parallel or perpendicular to the immediately neighboring liquid crystal director. Further, the performance of the SBTN-LCD is dependent upon the parameters of the liquid crystal material, such as the elastic constants.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition for a liquid crystal display device of supertwisted nematic mode characterized in that it comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of condensed heterocyclic compounds, aromatic amine compounds, aliphatic amine compounds and aromatic hydroxy compounds. Liquid crystal display devices having high quality such that no irregular display caused by dust and fusion phenomena are observed can be provided by using the liquid crystal compositions by controlling to scarcely lower the specific resistance value and to lower the voltage-holding ratio.

Abstract: The liquid crystalline material of the present invention comprises a compound represented by the following structural formula (1), compounds represented by the structural formulas (1) and (2), compounds represented by the structural formulas (1) and (3), or compounds represented by the structural formulas (1), (2) and (3) in an amount of 90% by weight or more of the total amount of liquid crystalline components contained therein: ##STR1## wherein R represents a linear alkyl group, C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 in which n is 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, A represents --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- or direct bond (--) without --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --, and B represents --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 -- or direct bond (--) without --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --. Further, under the above conditions, the components are blended so that the nematic-isotropic transition temperature of the liquid crystalline material can be 55.degree. C. to 75.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention relates to improved high-multiplexed supertwist liquid crystal displays in which each pixel is addressed by orthogonal row waver forms, the improvement wherein the nematic liquid crystal mixture consists essentially of 40-80% by weight of at least three compounds having a tolan-4,4'-diyl structure element.

Abstract: A polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) display element for use in an electronic apparatus wherein the display element operates in a PDLC mode or reverse PDLC mode providing for reduction of visual display haze, improved display contrast. The particular medium includes a liquid crystal portion and a polymer portion and may include a chiral component. In cases where visual display haze and contract is a particular problem in the utility of the reverse PDLC display element, such as in the case where the display element is combined with a solar battery, a sufficient amount of dichroic dye is added to the liquid crystal portion of the medium, and, further, a compound showing no fluorescence emission with respect to a liquid crystal portion, or a polymer or a chiral polymer precursor portion of the medium, is employed.

Abstract: A new nonlinear organic optical material having a high Second Harmonic Generation capability and a method of manufacturing the same is disclosed. Energy-beam sensitive monomer molecules having large molecular dipole-moments are sandwiched between two facing orientation films formed on respective substrates, and the energy-beam sensitive parts in said molecules are polymerized by irradiation with an energy-beam such as an X-ray beam after the dipole-moments of the energy-beam sensitive monomer molecules are aligned by applying a magnetic or an electric field. As a result of this, no cancellation of dipole-moments takes place, and polymers having extremely high dipole-moments and high Second Harmonic Generation efficiency can be derived and manufactured.

Abstract: A new nonlinear organic optical material having a high Second Harmonic Generation capability and a method of manufacturing the same is disclosed. Energy-beam sensitive monomer molecules having large molecular dipole-moments are sandwiched between two facing orientation films formed on respective substrates, and the energy-beam sensitive parts in said molecules are polymerized by irradiation with an energy-beam such as an X-ray beam after the dipole-moments of the energy-beam sensitive monomer molecules are aligned by applying a magnetic or an electric field. As a result of this, no cancellation of dipole-moments takes place, and polymers having extremely high dipole-moments and high Second Harmonic Generation efficiency can be derived and manufactured.