Abstract: Electronic devices such as handheld electronic devices may have display modules. The display modules may be covered with a layer of protective cover glass. Peripheral portions of the cover glass may be coated with an opaque masking layer to block interior portions of the device from view. An opening in the opaque masking layer can be formed over an active portion of the display module. To facilitate alignment of the display module active area with the opening in the cover glass masking layer, the display module may be provided with alignment marks. The alignment marks may be formed in opposing corners at an end of the display module. The alignment marks may be formed from metal structures on one of the glass layers in the display module. An opaque masking layer that blocks stray backlight may have openings that are formed over the metal structures.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) includes thin film transistors (TFTs) each having spaced apart source/drain electrodes and an oxide-type semiconductive film disposed over and between the source/drain electrodes to define an active layer. Each of the source/drain electrodes includes a portion of a subdivided transparent conductive layer where one subdivision of the transparent conductive layer continues from within its one of the source/drain electrodes to define an optically exposed pixel-electrode that is reliably connected integrally to the one source/drain electrode. Mass production costs can be reduced and production reliability increased because a fewer number of photolithographic masks can be used to form the TFTs.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for aligning a display stack with respect to a housing associated with a portable electronic device are disclosed. According to one aspect of the present invention, a chassis arrangement suitable for use in aligning a display stack with respect to a housing includes a first portion, a second portion, and a coupling arrangement. The first portion is configured to engage the display stack, and the second portion is configured to enable the display stack to be manipulated when the display stack is engaged by the first portion. The coupling arrangement couples the first portion with the second portion, and is configured to enable the second portion to be detached from the first portion.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a p-type driving thin film transistor and an n-type driving thin film transistor in a non-display region, and a pixel thin film transistor connected to a gate line and a data line in a display region. The liquid crystal display device further includes a pixel electrode that covers and directly contacts a third drain electrode of the pixel thin film transistor, a shield pattern that covers and directly contacts each of the first source electrode and the first drain electrode of the p-type driving thin film transistor and the second source electrode and the second drain electrode of the n-type driving thin film transistor, and a shield line that covers and directly contacts the data line and a third source electrode of the pixel thin film transistor.

Abstract: An array substrate, comprising a substrate and a data line and a gate line formed on the substrate. The data line and gate line cross each other to define a pixel region and the pixel region comprises a reflective region and a transparent region. The pixel region further comprises: a pixel electrode, formed with a transparent conductive film on the substrate and provided at least in the transparent region; a thin film transistor, formed on the substrate, the transparent conductive film being retained below the gate line and a gate electrode of the thin film transistor; a planarization film, covering the thin film transistor on the substrate; and a reflective layer, formed on the planarization film and disposed in the reflective region of the pixel region. A method of manufacturing the array substrate is provided.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a color filter including a dye and a pigment, and the color filter is formed from a compound represented by the following Formula 1. wherein R1 is hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C5 alkyl group, X1, X2, and X3 are independently a NR2R3 group, OR4, a R5C?CR6R7 group, or a OC(?O)R8C?CR9R10 group, and R2 to R10 are independently hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C5 alkyl group.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device adapted to reduce power consumption and to prevent deterioration of the picture quality is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a 3D display panel and a method for manufacturing the same. The method comprises the following steps: forming a liquid crystal layer between a first substrate and a second substrate; arranging a first polarizer at an outer side of the first substrate; arranging a second polarizer at an outer side of the second substrate; forming an alignment layer on a transparent substrate; forming a half wave layer on the alignment layer; arranging the half wave layer, the alignment layer and the transparent substrate at an outer side of the first polarizer in sequence; and forming a quarter wave layer at an outer side of the transparent substrate. The present invention can enhance the yield and display quality of the 3D display.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an organic electroluminescent device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, an organic light emitting layer and an optical layer. The first electrode has a first major surface and a second major surface opposite to the first major surface and is light transmissive. The second electrode faces a portion of the first major surface. The organic light emitting layer is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode. The organic light emitting layer and the first electrode are disposed between the optical layer and the second electrode. The optical layer is able to transit between a first state where a traveling direction of light emitted from the organic light emitting layer is changed and a second state having a smaller degree of the change in the traveling direction of the light than the first state.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosed technology relates to an array substrate, a manufacturing method thereof and a liquid crystal display. The method comprises: forming a gate metal film, applying photoresist on the gate metal film, patterning to form a gate line, a gate electrode and a gate line leading wire, and remain a part of photoresist on the gate line leading wire; sequentially depositing a gate insulating film, an active layer film and a source/drain metal film, applying photoresist on the source/drain metal film and patterning to form source/drain electrodes and a channel; lifting off the remained photoresist, the gate insulating film and the photoresist above the gate line leading wire; and then forming a protection layer and a pixel electrode.

Abstract: In a method of forming a polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film, the presence of dichroic dye in a polymer may be prevented or reduced by diffusing dichroic dye into a PDLC layer, and a PDLC display device having improved visibility may be formed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) device and a method of manufacturing the same are disclosed. The liquid crystal display device includes: a plurality of cell regions including a first substrate upon which a pixel electrode is formed, a second substrate upon which a common electrode is formed, and a liquid crystal layer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a cutting region formed between the plurality of cell regions, and including the first substrate and the second substrate extended from the plurality of cell regions, and at least one peripheral spacer interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, where the peripheral spacer contacts at least one of the first and second substrates.

Abstract: As the screen size becomes larger, it is required to make the device achieve higher definition, higher open area ratio, and higher reliability. Further, requirements for improvements in productivity and cost minimization are also increased. In the present invention, a substrate is pasted with a counter substrate after the liquid crystal material 114 is discharged (or dripped) only over a pixel area that is on a pixel electrode provided over a substrate with a large area by ink jet. Further, both of applying a seal material and dripping of a liquid crystal may be performed to the counter substrate. The total amount of liquid crystal use in a manufacturing process is reduced by forming a liquid crystal layer by ink jet.

Abstract: A display device formed by plural pixels that have reflective regions and transmissive regions is disclosed. The display device includes, in each of the pixels: an element layer formed on a substrate; a planarizing layer formed on the substrate to cover the element layer; and a gap adjusting layer formed on the planarizing layer on the element layer. In the display device, the reflective region is formed by an area including the element layer, the planarizing layer, the gap adjusting layer, and a reflection electrode formed on the gap adjusting layer, and the transmissive region is formed by an area including the planarizing layer formed on the substrate excluding an area in which the gap adjusting layer is formed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate, and a first optical conversion layer disposed on the first substrate. The first optical conversion layer includes a reflecting unit reflecting incident light, and a polarizing unit. The polarizing unit transmits light which oscillates in a first direction among the incident light, and reflects light which oscillates in a second direction different from the first direction among the incident light. The reflecting unit and the polarizing unit of the first optical conversion layer may be disposed in at least one pixel area.

Abstract: An electromagnetic induction type LC panel includes a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other, a liquid crystal layer (63) filled between the first substrate and the second substrate, an antenna array made of conductive material, which is formed between a first base substrate (11) and a second base substrate (21) and insulated from conductive material in multi-film structures, and an input identification circuit connected to an output terminal of the antenna array.

Abstract: A manufacturing apparatus of display element which forms highly reliable drive circuits or thin-film transistors on a flexible substrate, a manufacturing method, and a highly reliable display element are provided. A display element (50) includes a flexible substrate (FB), a first partition wall and second partition wall (BA) formed by pressing the flexible substrate, a lyophobic surface (PJ) formed on surfaces of the first partition wall and the second partition wall, and electrodes (S, P) formed by applying droplets onto a groove portion formed between the first partition wall and second partition wall. It is also possible for a lyophilic surface to be formed on the surface of the groove portion (GR) between the first partition wall and second partition wall (BA).

Abstract: Process for preparing metal compounds of an azo compound which conforms in the form of its tautomeric structures to the formula (I) characterized in that the preparation takes place in the presence of seed crystals.

Abstract: A system and a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display element through a reduced number of steps are provided, in which a liquid crystal panel is turned over, by means of a panel turning mechanism, about an axis not parallel to any of the long and short sides of the liquid crystal panel so that the positional relationship between the long and short sides of the liquid crystal panel can be reversed, after one of sheet pieces of optical functional films is bonded to the liquid crystal panel and before another of the sheet pieces is bonded thereto, which can achieve the same effect by a single operation as in the case where turning over the liquid crystal panel and rotating it are performed independently.

Abstract: A dual view display structure and a method for producing the same are provided. First, a display panel is provided. Then, a patterned barrier layer is formed on a transparent substrate. The transparent substrate with the patterned barrier layer is attached to the display panel. Because there is a gap between the display panel and the patterned barrier layer, a liquid transparent material is injected into the gap to form a transparent material layer to fill the gap. The invention can not only increase the viewing angles of the dual view display, but also increase the production yield.

Abstract: A liquid crystal cell, a precursor of the liquid crystal layer, a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal cell, and use of the liquid crystal cell are provided. The liquid crystal cell may be manufactured simply in a consecutive manner using a roll-to-roll process. Also, the liquid crystal cell may be realized as a flexible device, and have an excellent contrast ratio. Such a liquid crystal cell can be applied in various applications including smart windows, window-protecting films, flexible display devices, active retarders for displaying 3D images, or viewing angle-adjusting films.

Abstract: A liquid-crystal display device makes it possible to attach an optical element to a liquid-crystal display panel with high positional accuracy while avoiding or minimizing the enlargement of the picture-frame region (i.e., the non-display region) induced by the formation of markers on the panel and the increase of the fabrication cost. The panel comprises a main substrate, an opposite substrate, and a liquid crystal enclosed in a gap between the main and opposite substrates, wherein a polarizer plate is attached at least to the opposite substrate. Markers for attaching an optical element to the panel are formed at positions that overlap with the polarizer plate in a non-display region on the main or opposite substrate. Alignment direction regulators regulate the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules to a predetermined direction in the vicinities of the markers, allowing light to pass through at least the opposite substrate.

Abstract: A dispenser for fabricating a liquid crystal display panel and a method for controlling a gap between a nozzle and a substrate by using the same are disclosed in the present invention. The dispenser for fabricating a liquid crystal display panel includes a syringe having a nozzle at one end and separated from a substrate, a vertical driving motor driving the syringe in a vertical direction, a contact type switch switching on/off the vertical driving motor depending on whether the nozzle and the substrate are in contact with each other, and a first sensor detecting an initial value between the nozzle and the substrate by switching on and off the contact type switch.

Abstract: A liquid crystal module 15 includes a liquid crystal display panel 10; a rear frame member 44 located on a rear side of the liquid crystal display panel; and a wiring board 60 located on the rear side of the liquid crystal display panel. A part of the wiring board has an opening 65 running through the board and/or a notch 70 formed therein. An inspection patch 80A, 80B having a thickness equal to, or larger than, that of the wiring board is attached to the opening and/or the notch. A part of the wiring board around the inspection patch is secured to the rear frame member via a double-sided adhesive tape 55A, 55B.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of an array substrate comprises forming gate lines, data lines, pixel electrodes, and gate electrodes, active layer members, source electrodes, drain electrodes of thin film transistors (TFTs) in pixel units in a display region and forming the gate lines and the data lines in a pad region. A process of forming the data lines, the active layer members, the source electrodes and the drain electrodes in the display region and simultaneously forming the data lines in the pad region is performed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium comprising one or more compounds of the formula I in which R0 and X0 have the meanings indicated in Claim 1, and to the use thereof in electro-optical liquid-crystal displays.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a gate line and a gate electrode connected to the gate line, on a substrate; a gate insulating layer on the gate electrode and the gate line; an active layer on the gate insulating layer over the gate electrode; an ohmic contact layer on the active layer; first source and drain electrodes on the ohmic contact layer; second source and drain electrodes connected to the first source and drain electrodes, respectively; a data line extending from the source electrode and crossing the gate line to define a pixel region; and a pixel electrode in the pixel region and extending from the second drain electrode.

Abstract: Some embodiments teach a method of preparing a flexible substrate assembly. The method can include: (a) providing a carrier substrate; (b) providing a cross-linking adhesive; (c) providing a plastic substrate; and (d) coupling the carrier substrate to the plastic substrate using the cross-linking adhesive. Other embodiments are disclosed in this application.

Abstract: Electronic devices may be provided with display structures such as glass and polymer layers in a liquid crystal display. The glass layers may serve as substrates for components such as a color filter layer and thin-film transistor layer. The polymer layers may include films such as a polarizer film and other optical films. During fabrication of a display, the polymer layers and glass layers may be laminated to one another. Portions of the polymer layers may extend past the edges of the glass layers. Laser cutting techniques may be used to trim away excess portions of the polymer layer that do not overlap underlying portions of the glass layers. Laser cutting may involve application of an adjustable infrared laser beam.

Abstract: A display device includes a first substrate including pixels and sensing electrodes corresponding with the pixels, and a second substrate facing the first substrate. The second substrate includes an organic layer with a black matrix dividing the pixels and a sensing spacer opposite to the sensing electrode. The organic layer including the black matrix and the sensing spacer may be formed in a single process using organic photoresist material. A mask includes a light-intercepting pattern including slits to block a portion of ultraviolet light emitted towards a photoresist layer to form the black matrix. The mask also includes a pattern to block ultraviolet light in a region corresponding to the sensing spacer if a negative type photoresist material is used, or the mask does not block ultraviolet light in the region corresponding to the sensing spacer if a positive type photoresist material is used.

Abstract: Simplified patterning of layers of a thin film is disclosed. In some embodiments, the patterning can include patterning a first conductive layer using a patterned dielectric layer as a mask and patterning a second conductive layer using a patterned passivation layer as another mask. In other embodiments, the patterning can include patterning a first conductive layer using a removable photosensitive layer as a mask, patterning a black mask layer using a removable photo mask, and patterning a second conductive layer using a patterned passivation layer as another mask. In still other embodiments, the patterning can include patterning a first conductive layer using a patterned black mask layer as a mask and patterning a second conductive layer using a patterned passivation layer as another mask. An exemplary device utilizing the thin film so patterned can include a touch sensor panel.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid crystal display device to display moving and still images with superior image quality, comparable to common LCDs and to display memory images by a voltage lower than conventional electronic paper, and a method for operating the same. The liquid crystal display device comprises: a pair of electrode substrates facing each other; an orientation film of a polymer material on the pair of electrode substrates; a liquid crystal material between the pair of electrode substrates, wherein the liquid crystal display device displays an image by varying orientation of the liquid crystal material and a surfacial region of the orientation film, depending on temperature and voltage.

Abstract: A biaxial retardation film is disclosed, including a substrate, wherein the substrate includes an alignment film thereon or an alignment-treated surface; and an optically anisotropic coating on the substrate, wherein the optically anisotropic coating includes a top layer and a bottom layer, wherein the bottom layer is a parallel aligned liquid crystal layer along an alignment direction of the substrate, and the top layer is a vertically aligned hexagonal pillar array liquid crystal layer, wherein three-dimensional refractive indices of the optically anisotropic coating satisfy a relationship nx>nz>ny. The disclosure also provides a fabrication method thereof.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel includes first and second substrates bonded to each other, a liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween, a plurality of first polarization wire grids formed on the first substrate, and a plurality of second polarization wire grids formed on the second substrate.

Abstract: An array substrate for an in-plane switching mode liquid crystal display device includes a gate line on a substrate including a pixel region, the pixel region including a first domain at a lower side with respect to the gate line and a second domain at an upper side with respect to the gate line; a data line crossing the gate line; a thin film transistor in the pixel region and at a crossing portion of the gate and data lines; a plurality of first pixel electrodes in the first domain; a plurality of second pixel electrodes in the second domain, the plurality of first pixel electrodes and plurality of second pixel electrodes sharing the thin film transistor; a plurality of first common electrodes in the first domain and alternately arranged with the plurality of first pixel electrodes; and a plurality of second common electrodes in the second domain and alternately arranged with the plurality of second pixel electrodes.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a liquid crystal display device includes providing a first substrate having a first region and a second region; forming an active pattern in the first and second regions of the first substrate; forming a first insulation film on the first substrate; forming a first gate electrode with a low-resistance conductive material on an upper portion of the active pattern; forming a second gate electrode to completely cover the first gate electrode on an exposed portion of the first gate electrode; forming N type source and drain regions in the active pattern of the first region by doping an n+ impurity ion; forming P type source and drain regions in the active pattern of the second region by doping a p+ impurity ion; forming a second insulation film on the first substrate; forming N type source and drain electrodes electrically connected with the N type source and drain regions on the first region and forming P type source and drain electrodes electrically connected with the P type source and d

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to suppress light leakage in a dark state which is generated by rubbing treatment. A liquid crystal material containing an ultraviolet curable liquid crystalline monomer at a concentration of more than 0 wt % and not more than 1.0 wt % is used for a liquid crystal layer, and the liquid crystal layer is irradiated with ultraviolet rays. By applying such a liquid crystal layer to a liquid crystal display device, light leakage in a dark state can be suppressed, and the black display can be improved. Therefore, a liquid crystal display device with an excellent contrast and high display quality can be obtained.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device strengthens an adhesive force of an electrostatic prevention means without increasing a thickness of the liquid crystal display device by bending part of the bottom cover thereof into a “C”-shape, thereby securing a space for adhering an upper indium tin oxide (ITO) of the color filter substrate and the electrostatic prevention means, in a small-sized model having an in-plane switching (IPS) mode liquid crystal panel, and the liquid crystal display device may include a liquid crystal panel configured with a color filter substrate and an array substrate to display an image; a backlight assembly provided at a rear surface of the liquid crystal panel to supply light to the liquid crystal panel; a support main for accommodating and fixing the liquid crystal panel and the backlight assembly; a bottom cover fastened to the support main to include at least one bending portion in which part thereof is bent in a “C”-shape; and a electrostatic prevention means adhered to cover part of an

Abstract: To provide a highly reactive polymerizable compound having a high solubility in a liquid crystal compound; a liquid crystal composition satisfying at least one characteristic such as a high maximum temperature of a nematic phase, a low minimum temperature thereof, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a large negative dielectric anisotropy and specific resistance, a high stability to ultraviolet light and heat, and having a suitable balance regarding at least two characteristics; a PSA device having a short response time, a large pretilt angle, a small residual monomer concentration, a large voltage holding ratio and contrast ratio and a long life; a polymerizable compound into which one bonding group or nonidentical reaction group is introduced by constructing a polymer structure having a high polymerization degree in a PSA device manufacturing process to obtain a stable display, a liquid crystal composition containing thereof, and a liquid crystal device including thereof.

Abstract: An easy process of producing a substrate for liquid crystal display device, which contribute to reducing the viewing angle dependence of color of a liquid crystal display device, which comprises the following steps [1] and [2] in this order: [1] subjecting a substrate having at least one optically anisotropic layer and at least one photosensitive polymer layer on a support to light exposure; [2] removing partial or entire part of the optically anisotropic layer and the photosensitive polymer layer by a physical mean.

Abstract: An array substrate for FFS type LCD panel includes a transparent substrate, gate lines, a gate insulating layer, data lines, pixel electrodes, a passivation layer and a common electrode. The gate lines are disposed on the transparent substrate. The gate insulating layer is disposed on the transparent substrate and covers the gate lines. The data lines are disposed on the gate insulating layer. The pixel electrodes are disposed on the gate insulating layer, wherein the pixel electrodes and the data lines are located on the same level. The passivation layer is disposed on the gate insulating layer and covers the pixel electrodes and the data lines. The common electrode is disposed on the passivation layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display, including a first substrate and a second substrate, each having a plurality of unit pixel areas and facing each other, and a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate, in which the plurality of unit pixel areas each have a plurality of domains. In a first domain of the plurality of domains, a first alignment layer of the first substrate and a second alignment layer of the second substrate are photo-aligned, and in a second domain of the plurality of domains, the second alignment layer of the second substrate is photo-aligned twice and the first alignment layer of the first substrate is not photo-aligned.

Abstract: Subject The subject is to provide a liquid crystal composition that satisfies at least one of characteristics such as a high maximum temperature of a nematic phase, a low minimum temperature of a nematic phase, a small viscosity, a suitable optical anisotropy, a large dielectric anisotropy, a large specific resistance, a high stability to ultraviolet light and a high stability to heat, or that is suitably balanced regarding two or more characteristics. The subject is to provide an AM device that has a short response time, a large voltage holding ratio, a large contrast ratio, a long service life and so forth.

Abstract: A method of forming a stereoscopic liquid crystal display comprises providing an LCD panel, the LCD panel having a display area and a non-display area; disposing a lenticular plate on the LCD panel wherein a space is defined between a surface of the LCD panel and a surface of the lenticular plate; forming a seal between the surface of the LCD panel and the surface of the lenticular plate, the seal formed around the perimeter of the display area; forming a hole in the lenticular plate, the hole providing an air conduit that communicates with the space between the surface of the LCD panel and the surface of the lenticular plate; evacuating air from between the space; and filling the hole with a finishing material to maintain the vacuum between the lenticular plate and the LCD panel.

Abstract: A liquid crystal element with a high contrast ratio and a method for manufacturing thereof is provided. A liquid crystal element includes a structure body containing a liquid crystal through which diffracted light of the same or substantially the same wavelength is emitted in a blue phase, i.e., a structure body containing a liquid crystal which shows platelet texture which is not varied.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel including a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer, and a polymer stabilized alignment layer is provided. The second substrate is disposed opposite to the first substrate. The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate. The polymer stabilized alignment layer is disposed between the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer, and an average surface roughness of the polymer stabilized alignment layer is greater than or equal to 10 nm.

Abstract: A photo alignment process and a liquid crystal display using the same are provided. The photo alignment process includes the following steps. A photo alignment material layer is formed on a substrate. The photo alignment material layer is irradiated by a linearly polarized light. A surface of the photo alignment material layer is a first plane. A wave vector of the linearly polarized light is a K vector. A second plane is constructed from a normal vector of the first plane and the K vector. A polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is neither perpendicular nor parallel to the second plane.

Abstract: A roll stocker includes a plurality of roll fixing units for fixing a plurality of rubbing rolls; shaft connection parts having a plurality of radially extended end portions connected with each roll fixing unit; and a rotational shaft for fixing the center of the shaft connection parts and rotating the shaft connection parts. A plurality of rubbing rolls can be rotated, and by keeping the plurality of rubbing rolls in storage in the closed roll stocker, contamination of a rubbing cloth due to external particles can be prevented, space utilization can be enhanced, and deviation of eccentricity of the rubbing rolls kept in storage can be prevented.

Abstract: Example embodiments disclosed herein relate to the stabilization of the orthoconic state in orthoconic antiferroelectric liquid crystal devices. According to some of the example embodiments, the stabilization may be obtained by tuning a device cell as well as material parameters. The orthoconic state may be stabilized by means of the cell surfaces, electric fields, and/or polymer-stabilization, and combinations thereof, under selected conditions. The example embodiments presented herein advances several new working modes as well as new types of applications of orthoconic antiferroelectric liquid crystals.

Abstract: A manufacturing apparatus of display element which forms highly reliable drive circuits or thin-film transistors on a flexible substrate, a manufacturing method, and a highly reliable display element are provided. A display element (50) includes a flexible substrate (FB), a first partition wall and second partition wall (BA) formed by pressing the flexible substrate, a lyophobic surface (PJ) formed on surfaces of the first partition wall and the second partition wall, and electrodes (S, P) formed by applying droplets onto a groove portion formed between the first partition wall and second partition wall. It is also possible for a lyophilic surface to be formed on the surface of the groove portion (GR) between the first partition wall and second partition wall (BA).