Abstract: An electronic device and an in-screen optical detection assembly. The electronic device includes a middle frame, a screen, a circuit board, and a color temperature detection assembly, where the screen includes a display and a cover plate located on one side of the display; the middle frame is located between the display and the circuit board and provided with a first through hole; the optical detection assembly includes a light shield body and a light sensor, where the light shield body is provided with a light hole, a first end of the light shield body is connected to the circuit board, and a second end of the light shield body passes through the first through hole and extends to one side of the screen facing the middle frame; and the light sensor is disposed on the circuit board and located in the light hole.

Abstract: [Problem] In the present invention, it is an object to improve display quality by improving response speed of a liquid crystal element in a liquid crystal display device, in particular, response speed in the case of falling. [Means for Solving the Problems] In the present invention, it is characterized that a liquid crystal layer is divided into plural regions (domains) substantially by mixing a chemical compound including a liquid crystal skeleton in a liquid crystal layer exisiting liquid crystal molecules as a technique to improve response speed of a liquid crystal element in a liquid crystal display device for solving the above problem.

Abstract: A heater for a display such as a liquid crystal display (LCD). The heater includes a transparent film, a transparent conductive layer formed on a surface of the transparent film, and an optically clear adhesive (OCA) disposed over the conductive layer. The heater may be laminated directly to a rear transparent (e.g., glass) plate of an LC cell of the LCD using the OCA in a manner that is substantially free of air gaps or bubbles between the heater and the LC cell. Front and rear polarizers may be respectively disposed on outside surfaces of the LC cell and the heater.

Abstract: A display panel is disclosed. The display panel includes a data line, a scan line, a first switch connected to a first voltage, a second switch connected to a second voltage, and a pixel.

Abstract: A transreflective display in which the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is the same for both transmissive and reflective modes. The transmissive and reflective pixels are stabilized in two different liquid crystal configurations with different birefringences. The light retardation effect of one path in the transmissive pixels is close to or equals the retardation effect of two paths in the reflective pixels, resulting in synchronization of the two modes.

Abstract: An optical element is arranged in such a manner that a screen thereof can be hardly observed from a predetermined direction, and a deterioration of an image quality caused by moire does not occur. The optical element is constituted by a first polarizing layer, a second polarizing layer, and a liquid crystal layer arranged between these two polarizing layers. In the optical element, absorption axes of the first polarizing layer and the second polarizing layer are located parallel to each other; the liquid crystal layer is made of hybrid-aligned discotic liquid crystal; and an alignment axis of the liquid crystal layer is located parallel to, or perpendicular to both absorption axes of the first polarizing layer and of the second polarizing layer.

Abstract: A display is provided for switching between a narrow or private viewing mode and a wide or public viewing mode. The display comprises a display device which is controlled to provide display of a desired image or sequence of images. This is associated with a liquid crystal device having at least one liquid crystal layer whose molecules are switchable between a first state providing a first angular viewing range and a second state providing a second angular viewing range which is within and smaller than the first angular viewing range. With the molecules in the second state, the device at least partially blocks light propagating towards part of the first angular viewing range outside the second angular viewing range. The or each liquid crystal layer is in contact with at least one alignment surface, the or each of which comprises a uniform non-patterned alignment surface.

Abstract: A light control device has a substrate, a planar electrode, a light modulating film having a refractive index that is changeable in accordance with an electric field applied to the film, and a plurality of electrode segments arranged at a predetermined interval on the light modulating film. A controller applies a control voltage to at least predetermined electrode segments, and the remaining electrode segments and the planar electrode are set to ground potential. This makes the interval of a distribution of electric fields generated in the light modulating film larger than the interval of the electrode segments.

Abstract: A method for cutting apart a glass substrate is provided whereby scribing of the glass substrate is possible without being affected by the presence or thickness of a deposited film formed thereon and without scratching the deposited film. To treat a glass substrate having a deposited film, such as a thin film or resin film, formed on one surface thereof, there are provided a shaving device, which is a blade that removes strip-shaped portions of the deposited film to expose strip-shaped regions on the glass substrate, and a wheel cutter that forms scribed lines along the strip-shaped regions exposed on the glass substrate. The glass substrate is cut apart along the scribed lines.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) device is switchable between a wide viewing angle display mode and a narrow viewing angle display mode. The LCD device includes and LCD panel having an array substrate, a color filter substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the array substrate and the color filter substrate and a viewing angle control cell disposed adjacent to the LCD panel. The viewing angle control cell has first and second substrates, first and second electrodes disposed between the first and second substrates, an insulating layer disposed between the first and second electrodes, and a sheet layer having pigments disposed between the first and second substrates.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a display panel and a viewing angle control panel. The viewing angle control panel includes a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer interposed between the pair of substrates, and a pair of electrodes for applying an electric field to the liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal layer is composed from hybrid-aligned liquid crystal molecules. The viewing angle of the display panel is controlled by changing an alignment state of the hybrid-aligned liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer by voltage applied by the electrodes.

Abstract: An optical diffusion film comprises a plurality of diffraction grating cells formed on a substrate, each cell comprising a plurality of curved gratings disposed in parallel with each other and containing the same profile. Such film can be manufactured by embossing, using an original plate formed by etching a photosensitive material by means of an electronic beam exposure system to produce gratings. When such a film is provided with a reflection layer and exposed to light coming obliquely from above, highly bright and diffracted light is emitted in a predetermined direction.

Abstract: A flat fluorescent lamp is provided. Wherein, a discharge gas is disposed in a chamber, and a fluorescent material is disposed on a first inner wall and a second inner wall of the chamber. First electrode sets are disposed on the first inner wall, and second electrode sets aligned with the first electrodes sets are disposed on the second inner wall. A dielectric layer overlies the electrode sets. Each first electrode set comprises two first electrodes and a second electrode disposed between these first electrodes. Each second electrode set comprises two third electrodes and a fourth electrode disposed between these third electrodes. A first light-emitting area and a second light-emitting area are formed in each pair of the corresponding first and second electrode sets, and the projections of the first and second light-emitting areas on the first inner wall are not overlaid or just partially overlaid.

Abstract: An active matrix display device comprises an array of picture elements, e.g. liquid crystal picture elements, first and second sets of address conductors (16, 18) extending in row and column directions respectively and connected with the picture elements, and a set of connection conductor lines (30?) extending in the same direction as one set of address conductors (18), each of which is connected to a respective one of the other set of conductors (16), and via which address signals are supplied to that other set. To avoid unwanted display artefacts, each connection conductor line (30?) extends from one side of the array and terminates adjacent its connection point (32) to its associated address conductor (16) and a respective complementary conductor line (30?) is provided which extends from close to the connection point (32) to the opposite side of the array, the complementary conductor line being electrically separate from the connection line (30?) and coupled to reference signal supply (40).

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a first transparent substrate having a plurality of electrodes, a second transparent substrate, a liquid crystal interposed between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate, an illumination light source disposed on a back side of the first transparent substrate, pixel regions arranged in a matrix, and a reflecting film formed between the first transparent substrate and the electrodes. The reflecting film has at least one light transmission aperture in each pixel region and without slits at positions corresponding to gaps between adjacent ones of the pixel regions.

Abstract: Even when gate lines are pulled around at both left and right picture frame regions, it is possible to prevent a gate wiring pattern which is constituted of the gate lines and gate-line pull-around lines and a storage wiring pattern which is constituted of storage lines and a common line which connects storage lines each other from getting over each other. The gate lines GL1, GL2 are pulled around by the gate-line pull-around lines GLL1, GLL2 in both left and right picture frame regions. The common lines B2, B3 which connect the storage lines STL each other are formed at both left and right picture frame regions. Further, the gate wiring pattern which is constituted of the gate lines GL1, GL2 and the gate-line pull-around lines GLL1, GLL2 and the storage wiring pattern which is constituted of the storage lines STL and the common lines B2, B3 do not cross each other.

Abstract: Even when gate lines are pulled around at both left and right picture frame regions, it is possible to prevent a gate wiring pattern which is constituted of the gate lines and gate-line pull-around lines and a storage wiring pattern which is constituted of storage lines and a common line which connects storage lines each other from getting over each other. The gate lines GL1, GL2 are pulled around by the gate-line pull-around lines GLL1, GLL2 in both left and right picture frame regions. The common lines B2, B3 which connect the storage lines STL each other are formed at both left and right picture frame regions. Further, the gate wiring pattern which is constituted of the gate lines GL1, GL2 and the gate-line pull-around lines GLL1, GLL2 and the storage wiring pattern which is constituted of the storage lines STL and the common lines B2, B3 do not cross each other.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes (a) a first substrate, (b) a second substrate spaced away from and facing the first substrate, (c) a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first and second substrates, (d) a transistor formed on the first substrate, (e) a wiring layer formed on the first substrate and electrically connected to the transistor, (f) a reflection electrode formed on the first substrate, an external incident light being reflected at the reflection electrode towards a viewer, and (g) a compensation layer formed directly on the wiring layer. The reflection electrode does not cover the wiring layer therewith, and the compensation layer has almost the same height as a height of the reflection electrode, the height being measured from a surface of the first substrate.

Abstract: Even when gate lines are pulled around at both left and right picture frame regions, it is possible to prevent a gate wiring pattern which is constituted of the gate lines and gate-line pull-around lines and a storage wiring pattern which is constituted of storage lines and a common line which connects storage lines each other from getting over each other. The gate lines GL1, GL2 are pulled around by the gate-line pull-around lines GLL1, GLL2 in both left and right picture frame regions. The common lines B2, B3 which connect the storage lines STL each other are formed at both left and right picture frame regions. Further, the gate wiring pattern which is constituted of the gate lines GL1, GL2 and the gate-line pull-around lines GLL1, GLL2 and the storage wiring pattern which is constituted of the storage lines STL and the common lines B2, B3 do not cross each other.

Abstract: A liquid crystal is interposed between a first transparent substrate having first electrodes and a second transparent substrate having other electrodes. Pixel regions are formed at portions where the first electrodes and the other electrodes are opposed to each other. A semitransparent reflecting film is formed between the first transparent substrate and the first electrodes. The semitransparent reflecting film is formed with light transmission apertures in each pixel region. The semitransparent reflecting film also occupies portions corresponding to the gaps between the adjacent pixel regions. Alternatively, in addition to the light transmission apertures, the semitransparent reflecting film is formed with slits at positions corresponding to the gaps between the adjacent pixel regions. A light absorption film is formed between the first transparent substrate and the semitransparent reflecting film at positions corresponding to the slits, or the slits are charged with a light absorption film.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device capable of displaying in multiple colors, and a method for driving the liquid crystal display device using a typical monochrome liquid crystal driving IC. A display portion of a birefringence color liquid crystal display device has a usual letter display portion (41) for displaying letters in a single color and a mark display portion (42) for displaying a variety of colors. A liquid crystal cell is driven by supplying scanning signals to scanning electrodes for the letter display portion (41) and data signals to scanning electrodes for the mark display portion (42).

Abstract: A color display includes a substrate defining first and second opposite support surfaces. The first conductor is disposed over the first surface and defining a first pattern. A second conductor is disposed over the second surface and defining a second pattern. A first light modulating layer is disposed over the first conductor including a liquid crystal material having a chiral dopant selected so that regions can be placed in a state where colored light is reflected in a first portion of the spectrum. A second light modulating layer is disposed over the second conductor including a liquid crystal material having a chiral dopant selected so that regions can be placed in a state where colored light is reflected in a second portion of the spectrum. A third conductor is disposed over the first light modulating layer and defining a third pattern.

Abstract: The pattern of a spatial frequency filter including a liquid crystal element (1031-103n) is controlled without removing the filter from a projection lens system. Specifically, a spatial frequency filter (103) is disposed at the pupil surface in a projection lens system (10). A means for controlling the spatial frequency filter (103) includes a liquid crystal element controller (15b) and a filter information storage (16b). A pattern required for the spatial frequency filter (103) is transferred from the filter information storage (16b) to the liquid crystal controller (15b). The transmittance and phase shift of the spatial frequency filter (103) are previously designed by simulation, for example. Based on these data, an aspect of applying a voltage to the liquid crystal element (1031-103n) is stored in the filter information storage (16b).

Abstract: In a flat panel display or other large-area electronics device, each cell of a matrix comprises a thin-film switching transistor (T1) connected between a respective column conductor (CC) and a respective cell electrode (C.sub.LC). Row conductors (RR) of the matrix comprise a conductive film pattern (14) on an insulating film pattern (13) on a semiconductor film pattern (12); portions (11a) of the semiconductor film pattern (11) provide channel regions of the switching transistors (T1), while portions (14a) of the conductive film pattern provide gate electrodes of the switching transistors (T1) connected to the respective row conductor (RR; 14b). Each cell also has a storage capacitor (C.sub.s) formed with the row conductor (RR(n-1); 14b) of a neighbouring cell by a lower conductive film part (11c) present under the insulating and semiconductor film patterns (13 and 12) of the row conductor (RR(n-1); 14b) of the neighbouring cell.

Abstract: The image display apparatus is capable of displaying an image on a large screen in which non-display regions are completely eliminated or minimized. The image display apparatus comprises an opposite board in which common electrodes made of transparent conductive resin are respectively formed on both surfaces of a transparent substrate. A plurality of array boards in each of which semiconductor element and a signal line are formed on a transparent substrate are arranged on both surfaces of the opposite board, such that display regions of end portions of the array boards face each other a sandwich of the opposite board inserted therebetween. Frame-like sealing members made of transparent resin are respectively inserted in clearances between the opposite board and the array boards. Liquid crystal is enclosed in each of spaces surrounded by the frame-like sealing members between the opposite board and the array boards.

Abstract: A wedge shaped parallelized light flux element made of a light scattering guide of an emitting directionality has a specified ranged effective scattering irradiation parameter and correlation distance "a". A light incident into the parallelized light flux element from a fluorescent lamp arranged facing a light incident surface of the parallelized light flux element is emitted from a light output surface as a parallelized light flux G1 by composite factors including forward scattering of the inside, repeated reflection on wedge shaped two sides, critical angular condition and boundary face transmittance for the light output surface. A total amount of parallel light flux G1 emitted from the parallel light flux emitting section F is reflected on a two side prism surface of two prism reflection element PR thereby being converted into sectional area enlarged light fluxes G2 and G3. They are incident on a liquid crystal panel LP through a light diffusion plate DF, and utilized as a backlight.