Abstract: An image exposure apparatus switchable between a reader state for projecting an image on a screen for observation and a scan state for scanning exposure of the image, which includes plural scanning mirrors which integrally move on a same line to effect the image scanning. The mutual distance of the plural scanning mirrors is varied at the switching between the reader state and the scan state.

Abstract: In a reader printer, an upper unit for a printer is made to be rotatable toward an upper unit for a reader, both of which are provided on a lower machine box. The upper reader unit includes a screen for displaying an image. The upper unit for the printer rotates to enter a space in the upper reader unit behind the reflecting member closest to the screen so that a predetermined opening is provided between the lower machine box and the upper printer unit to expose the inside of the apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for carrying out the focusing of projected images. To carry out such focusing, an image sensor operates on a small section of the projected image to blow it up to a point where only the grains of the image become larger than the resolution of the sensor. The image set obtained is electronically scanned so that a signal is received which includes a low frequency band determined by the grain density and a harmonic span generated by the transitions between grains and interstices, whereby a differential voltage is created which is indicative of the state of focusing.

Abstract: A process camera includes: an original holder; a lens for projecting an image of the original on an image forming plane; a frame having an opening defining the image forming plane; a focusing glass attached to the frame movable between a portion covering only a part of the opening of the frame and an open position freeing the opening for forming an image of the original of the surface thereof; a vacuum board for holding a film thereon; and a member for mounting to the frame the vacuum board rotatably around a predetermined axis of rotation between a closed position covering all of the opening and a position covering only a part of the opening. Since the area of the focusing glass is selected to be smaller than the area of the opening, the area required by the focusing glass at the open position is small. The axis of rotation of the vacuum board is provided crossing the opening, but not along sides of the opening.

Abstract: A microfilm reader/printer for selecting a desired image from images recorded on a microfilm roll to print the desired image, the images being recorded by the duo photographing system in two channels so that the images recorded in one channel are in the normal orientation while the images recorded in the other channel are in the inverted orientation. Desired images are printed by the microfilm reader/printer always in the normal orientation irrespective of the orientation thereof recorded in either one of the two channels on the duo mode microfilm automatically without the need of manual operation. Channel exchanging means and image rotating means are combined so that orientation of images is inverted every time the channel being retrieved is exchanged so as to display or print desired images in the same orientation. The channel exchanging means may be mechanical or optical means, and the image rotating means may be optical or electronic image processing means.

Abstract: An image recording apparatus for recording an image on a record sheet by projecting the image onto an image recorder through a projection lens includes an image position detecting device for detecting position of the image to be projected on the image recorder and a reflecting mirror for correction of the image position for shifting an optical axis of light incident on the image recorder in the direction orthogonal to the direction of feeding a recording material. A shift of the reflecting mirror for correction of the image position and a time to feed the recording material to the image recorder are controlled in response to the result of detection by the image position detecting device. This makes it possible to control a position where the image is to be formed in both the recording material feeding direction and the orthogonal direction thereto.

Abstract: An image display apparatus has an optical system including a movable mirror for projecting the image of an image bearing member, a screen for displaying the image projected by the optical system, an image sensor fixed in the vicinity of the screen but outside the image projecting optical path toward the screen, and a moving mechanism for moving the mirror between a display position for projecting the image onto the screen and a reading position for projecting the image onto the image sensor.

Abstract: A projection copying apparatus for reproducing microfilmed originals on a light-tightly disposable projection screen and for producing copies of microfilmed originals comprises means for copying of dot originals operating for complete or sectional copying of the originals, and a projection screen including a diffusing disc, an LCD dics arranged on the diffusing disc, the LCD disc being switchable between two conditions so that in one of the conditions it is transparent for observation of the originals and in the other of the conditions it is opaque for copying or searching.

Abstract: A film carrier is provided with a film viewing window formed therein and a loop forming device between the film viewing window and a film exposing window. Prior to printing, a film is inspected through the film viewing window to input position and exposure correction data for each frame of the film. The film is adjusted automatically in position in the film exposing window according to the position correction data. At the film exposure window the inspected film is subjected by a scanner only to measuring (to find an exposure) and exposing. To print a half size of 135 film in place of a full size of 135 film, the film carrier is turned 90.degree., directing the half size of the frame in the same direction as the full size frame and placing the film viewing window on the side of an operator.

Abstract: A copyboard and a platen are disposed horizontally so that a copy can be horizontally placed on the copyboard and a photosensitive medium can be horizontally supported on the platen. A mirror disposed above the copyboard and a movable mirror disposed above the platen jointly form an optical path extending from the copyboard to the platen, while shortening the distance between the copyboard and the platen. Two pairs of mask plates are disposed in front of and parallel to the surface of the platen on which the photosensitive medium is to be supported, the mask plates being independently movable along two axes perpendicular to each other. The distances from the optical axis to the mask plates are determined for each of images to be photographed on the photosensitive medium, based on various input data including a photographing dimension, the distances between the photosensitive medium and the mask plates, etc.

Abstract: An erecting type printer is provided with a monitor for displaying the same image as the original image on the photographic film by imaging with an imaging device. The imaging device of which the read start position is arranged in the upper right hand corner receives a light reflected from a mirror disposed between photographic film and photosensitive material. The image displayed on the monitor is also the same as the original image on the photographic film in directional relation so that the operator can move the photographic film in the same direction as that of the screen of the monitor.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus comprising: an input unit for inputting an image of an initial original; a support table on which the initial original is to be set, the support table being movably mounted along the input unit; a reflection-type focusing plate on which an OHP (overhead projector). original is to be set, the focusing plate being disposed along side the input unit; an image forming unit disposed under the focusing plate for forming on a sheet an image inputted from the input unit to provide an OHP original; and a projecting unit disposed above the focusing plate for projecting an image of the OHP original set on focusing plate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a reader printer having an image rotation prism for adapting the direction of a microfilm image to suitable direction. The reader-printer has an image direction detecting means for forming the microfilm image successfully onto a copy paper without consideration of the direction of the image. The reader-printer also has a prism orientation detecting means for automatically eliminating difference between a location of the image and a location of the fed paper.

Abstract: There is disclosed a microfilm reader-printer which permits to be set a number of pages of printing which exceeds a maximum number of pages of continuous printings of the printer body. The printer body outputs a completion signal to a device which set the number of pages of printing when printing is completed. The device sends a print request signal to the printer body every time when it receives a complete signal, until completion of printing for the set number of pages. The printer body completes the printing operation once for each maximum continuous number of pages of printing, but resumes printing if a print request signal is outputted successively.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus having a feed section being positioned at the front of the apparatus, a sheet discharging section being positioned above the feed section and a work table being attached to the front of the apparatus in a position above the sheet discharging section. The work table has a rotatable portion which is positioned above the feed section, and which is formed with an opening for taking out the sheet discharged from the discharging section. A support member is provided between the discharging section and the opening for supporting image-transferered sheets. When the rotatable portion is opened upwardly, the work table does not hinder the sheet supplementing work of the operator for the feed section.

Abstract: An apparatus for setting regions to be trimmed on an original picture in a photographing printer which produces a trimmed reproduction picture image comprises a base on which a projecting lens for projecting the original picture on the surface of a photosensitive material and a TV camera for photographing the original picture are disposed so that they may be alternately exchanged their position to be set on a position aligning with an optical axis of a light source, a monitor which displays the original picture image photographed by the TV camera and an indicating means which indicates a configuration showing substantially the same region as that of to be trimmed by a trimming mask frame in overlapped manner with said picture image on the monitor.

Abstract: A microfilm copying apparatus magnifies and copies images on microfilms. The microfilm copying apparatus can be constructed as a microfilm reader-printer. The microfilm copying apparatus has an illuminating optical system for illuminating a microfilm having an image to be copied and a slit exposure optical system having a projection lens. The illuminating optical system and the projection lens are movable in optically coaxial relation in a direction normal to a common optical axis thereof in synchronism with movement of the surface of the photosensitive body. Where the microfilm copying apparatus is constructed as a microfilm reader-printer, it has a screen housing unit disposed above a base apparatus portion and angularly movable into and out of contact therewith, and a light shielding plate is mounted on a first exposure mirror having a reflecting surface which is positioned in a focused light beam from the microfilm image when the microfilm image is copied.

Abstract: An electrophotographic camera processor-reader in which the function of recording of picture image data on an electrophotographic film and the function of enlargement projection of picture image data recorded on the electrophotographic film can be changed over as required. One lens having both the function of focusing picture image data carried by an original onto the electrophotographic film, and the function of projecting picture image data recorded on the electrophotographic film onto an opaque screen is provided in combination with a combined screen and original-supporting plate, so as to simplify the structure of and reduce the size of the apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a reader printer which handles an image of a microfilm held by an aperture card and maintained in such a manner that the microfilm center aligns with the center of card aperture. At the time of printing, the image of the microfilm is projected by scanning from a scanning start position that is same irrespective of film sizes on a photosensitive member, and the image thereon is transferred to a paper sheet which is provided by cutting the web supplied from rolled paper. The supply of the web is controlled by a first timer which starts simultaneously with start of scanning and the cutting of the web is controlled by a second timer which starts simultaneously with expiration of the first timer.

Abstract: A daylight enlarger of the enclosed image framing area type is disclosed and comprises a lamp housing with lamp, lens means and holder for a negative, transparency or the like to be enlarged, and a tunnel body. In order to render the enlarger compact for storage purposes, the lamp housing can be stored in the tunnel body, one end of which can be closed by a viewing screen capable of being removably attached to the end of the tunnel body. A developing easel of the dark slide closable type is also provided to receive material on which an enlargement is to be printed. The easel may be removably attached to the said end of the tunnel body for development purposes after the image has been viewed on the screen and is preferably such that it may also be removably attached to the other end of the tunnel for storage purposes.

Abstract: A device for adapting a process or copy camera so that it can be used to expose smaller film employs a cover member that is shaped and dimensioned for mounting on a conventional process or copy camera back to cover the frame opening over which a sheet of film is normally placed for exposure. A recessed portion in the cover member extends through the frame opening to define a secondary frame opening in a selected focal plane ahead of the camera back, and components are included for removably mounting the cover member on the camera back and for holding film over the secondary frame opening for exposure.

Abstract: Projection TV systems comprise plactic lens and CRT assemblies arranged to project an image onto a screen for viewing. The focus of the lens varies with ambient temperature around the lens as the temperature increases from turn-on of the projection TV system to a warmed-up condition of the system. There is disclosed a temperature compensating mechanism for the lens. The mechanism may be incorporated into the lens to cause direct axial movement of a lens element or it may be attached to an external focussing adjustment of the lens. Several embodiments of the mechanism are disclosed employing either a bimetal or a piston slidable in a cylinder with the cylinder being filled with a material that expands with temperature. The piston and cylinder assembly is used in the preferred embodiment with the cylinder housing attached to the lens housing and the piston directly connected to the external focussing adjustment of the lens.

Abstract: A light-tight, elongated, hollow tapered wall base to which a slide housing is movably connected. The slide housing includes a light source which produces a light beam which passes through a filter assembly and a lens assembly to the bottom of the base. A photographic transparency is to be mounted within a slide holder which in turn is movably located in a close fitting relationship within a slide receiving station. The slide receiving station is formed within the slide housing between the filter assembly and the lens assembly. Removably connected to the bottom of the base is a photographic print tray assembly. The photographic print tray assembly includes a focusing target. The image projected from the photographic transparency is to be observed on the focusing target by a view port which is formed within the base.

Abstract: Photographic reproduction of copy, with or without a halftone or vignetting dot type of screen, is controlled by measuring and storing optical densities of copy to be reproduced and calibration data for equipment used in such density measurement, as well as values of other pertinent parameters. This system involves interaction between a human operator and an inanimate assistant commonly recognized as a computer. The operator does such acts as juxtaposing a densitometer component of the system to selected parts of the copy, to density standards, and to test or trial reproductions to obtain and input data. The operator also may supply, either by measurement or specification, such other relevant data as actinic, chromatic, dimensional, etc. To assist the operator the computer displays various announcements, inquiries, and instructions, as well as data and computation results.

Abstract: A microfilm reader-printer has a reservoir for copy sheets located near the top of a housing and when a permanent copy of an image projected on a screen (via a lens and a mirror) is required, a sheet is manually removed from the reservoir and fed to the input of a charging station. The sheet is mechanically fed through the charging station to drop by gravity into an exposure station for exposure with the image. Following exposure, the sheet makes a second gravity-induced drop into the nip of a roller pair forming the inlet of a development station. The sheet is fed through the development station, and then the printed sheet exits from an opening below a viewing window.

Abstract: In the projection-copying of a mask on a workpiece including a light-reflecting semiconductor substrate, the alignment of mask and workpiece is effected by illuminating marks on the substrate which appear dark relative to a surrounding area. To provide each mark with a contrasting background of sufficient brightness, a partly reflecting surface layer overlying the substrate in that area has a nonuniform optical thickness whereby cancellation of reflections due to interference is limited to isolated regions.

Abstract: A compact and transportable apparatus for making instant prints from slides or transparencies, without the need for darkroom facilities, is attachable to standard projection equipment. The self-contained unit comprises: a housing having a lens-shutter assembly and means for attaching a film pack in operable relation to the lens-shutter assembly; a slide station having means for holding a slide or transparency to be copied; and, a light diffuser assembly, for evenly illuminating the slide during copying, whereby an optical path is formed starting in the diffuser assembly, passing through the slide or transparency, the lens-shutter assembly, and ending on said film pack. The lens and slide station of standard projection equipment may be employed with the attachable unit which positions the film pack at a distance within focusing range of the projection equipment, a shutter in the attachable unit controlling the incidence of light.

Abstract: A device for displaying sheet opaque pictures in which images of scenes thereon are transmitted from a housing onto an exterior display. A picture exchange magazine has a display window at the picture scene such that the top of a stack of pictures is confined at the window and the remainder are confined behind it. The magazine includes first and second frame members, the latter being relatively reciprocable parallel to the window and picture scence for cyclic exchange of the top picture in the magazine. A release holder retains the magazine on the housing while allowing the frame members to remain relatively movable to each other.

Abstract: A frame for partial illumination in copying of negatives, diapositives and the like onto a copying paper, has a paper-receiving plate with a paper supporting face, a cover plate alternatively positionable onto and withdrawable from the paper-receiving plate, and a member located adjacent to the paper-receiving plate and forming a focusing face at the height of the paper-supporting face. The member may be attached to the paper-supporting plate or to the cover plate. It may be formed as an actuating member of a paper-lifting device.

Abstract: In a full-frame, copying system, translucent registration guides along the edges of a platen area provide an operator with an indication of which portion of a document overlying the platen will be copied onto selected copy paper at the particular magnification ratio selected. Illumination sources located on the image side of a projection lens create line images which are projected through the lens to illuminate appropriate registration guides corresponding with the particular magnification ratio.

Abstract: In relation to a primary end use in nuclear medicine, namely, the recording of multiple images in a so-called dynamic study of a patient using a gamma camera wherein said multiple images are typically photographically reproduced on a single sheet of film in an appropriate format, the within inventive method obviates the need to modify the angular orientation of the images projected onto the image-receiving film sheet incident to providing same with the proper format or display position, and instead contemplates the novel alternative of properly pre-positioning the film sheets. Among other advantages and benefits is a noteworthy simplification in the construction and operational requirements of the image-projecting lens assembly of the apparatus being used to produce the photographic record.

Abstract: A rear projection screen and a method of using the screen in imaging systems is provided in which the screen provides discrete areas which are isolated from one another whereby the light of one discrete area cannot be transmitted to another discrete area, each discrete area being filled with a filler material which diffuses the light passing therethrough so that at the viewing face of the screen each discrete area has a uniform light intensity across its width while neighboring discrete area may have sharply contrasting light intensities.

Abstract: An apparatus for previewing original positive documents and for copying the previewed documents in substantially exactly the same form as previewed with a xerographic or electrostatic copier. The positive document to be copied is placed on a transparent surface such as the glass plate of a conventional copier and is illuminated through the plate to produce an image that can be previewed and copied. In one embodiment, the previewer and copier optics are arranged so that either previewing or copying can be selectively accomplished at the same document receiving station. In another embodiment, the apparatus includes a previewing station including a screen and means for projecting documents being previewed on the screen. Documents to be copied are transferred to a copy station by a belt (e.g. a transparent belt) wherein it is copied such as by an electrostatic copying apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for photographically reproducing a positive image such as a previous photograph wherein both the focal length and the length from the positive image to the lens of the apparatus may be adjusted. The apparatus also includes means whereby two or more positive images may be reproduced on a single frame of film.

Abstract: A drive system for selectively pivoting a pivotally mounted member, especially a mirror-shutter assembly of a reader-printer apparatus including a driving element movable along a first path and a driven element movable along a second path operatively connected to the pivotally mounted member whereby the driving element engages and moves the driven element from a first position to a second position as the driving element moves along a first portion of the first path in a prescribed direction and whereby the driving element engages and moves the driven element from the second position to the first position as the driving element moves along a second portion of the path in the prescribed direction.

Abstract: A system for providing a standard microfiche or similar reader with the capacity for making prints of the projected material without substantially modifying the reader is disclosed. A screen extension is provided having one end mountable to the face of the reader. The viewing screen of the reader is removed from its normal position and placed at the opposite end of the screen extension. The extension has a substantially light-impervious walled periphery which has an elongate narrow slot in one wall. A paper carrier is insertable through the slot in the periphery of the screen extension to a position adjacent the interior surface of the viewing screen. One side of the paper carrier is removable to expose light-sensitive paper in the carrier to the image projected by the reader. The system of the present invention also includes apparatus for supplying light-sensitive paper to the paper carrier and apparatus for developing the exposed light-sensitive paper.

Abstract: A method and system for modification of a pattern on a semiconductor subste, comprising the application of an electrical current through a liquid medium having a series of individual pixels controlled by a computer, thereby causing the clear liquid to change to opaque in selected areas.