Abstract: In a copying apparatus, a mode change-over mirror is selectively displaced between its retracted position and its operative position, whereby the copying mode is selectively changed over to a first mode and a second mode. The operative position is set at at least two places. When the mode change-over mirror lies at a first operative position, second mode copying at a first magnification is effected and when the mode change-over mirror lies at a second operative position, second mode copying at a second magnification is effected.

Abstract: A system for controlling an original image scanning for use in a slit exposure type image recording apparatus adapted to project an original image through slit exposure over an image recording medium moving at a predetermined speed, which comprises an oscillating means for generating an output of a predetermined frequency, a first pulse counting means supplied with the output from said oscillating means and a magnification data corresponding to a desired image magnification ratio and generating output pulses of a predetermined frequency, a power amplifying means receiving said output pulses from said first pulse counting means and generating a power output of a predetermined frequency corresponding thereto, and a synchronous motor for conducting the original image scanning while driven by the power output from said power amplifying means.

Abstract: A reproduction camera apparatus comprises a light impermeable housing comprised of four walls and a partition wall intermediate two of the wall whereby the housing is divided into two compartments. A camera is mounted in the housing and a light source for illuminating an original to be reproduced is arranged in one compartment. A carriage is vertically displaceably mounted in the one compartment for displacement along a path in relation to the camera and a holder for the original is mounted on the carriage for movement in relation thereto. At least one of the walls defining the one compartment has an opening in alignment with the displacement path for enabling the holder to be moved into and out of the one compartment. A shielding element is associated with the opening and is displaceable with the carriage, the shielding element defining a slot through which the holder may be moved.

Abstract: An optical system for forming a spot object or an arcuate object into an arcuate image or a spot image. This optical system has a band-like spherical mirror obtained by sectioning a concave spherical mirror. By the band-like spherical mirror, the spot object disposed on the rotational symmetry axis other than the center of curvature may be imaged into an arcuate form on a certain surface perpendicular to the rotational symmetry axis. Conversely, an arcuate object on said certain surface may form a spot image at the position whereat the spot object is disposed.

Abstract: A copying apparatus comprising a flat stationary original support table, at least a movable mirror for scanning the surface of an original placed on said original support table, and an imaging optical system adapted for focusing the light beam from said movable mirror onto a photosensitive member and capable of compensating the change in the light path length from said original support table to the photosensitive member resulting from the displacement of said movable mirror while maintaining a constant image magnification.

Abstract: An electrophotographic copying apparatus is equipped with an indication device for the maximum area to be covered by copying, i.e. the area available for copying or copying coverage. The copying coverage indication device which includes a micro-computer is arranged to indicate the area to be covered by copying according to the sizes of copy paper sheets and copying magnifications for preventing use of copy paper sheets of unnecessarily large or small sizes, and is capable of warning an operator of the necessity for exchanging sizes of copy paper sheets.

Abstract: Briefly, the present invention is concerned with a low inertia scanning system for projecting an image of a stationary object on a flat platen onto a rotating photoreceptor drum. An aperture plate located adjacent the photoreceptor drum moves in a direction opposite the direction of the drum. A carriage disposed between a stationary lens and the photoreceptor drum supports a pair of mirrors. The light image is projected from the lens to one of the pair of mirrors for reflection to the second mirror rotating about a pivot point to scan the image through the aperture onto the photoreceptor drum. During scanning of the platen, the carriage moves in a linear direction toward and away from the photoreceptor drum and together with the rotation of the second mirror maintains a constant magnification ratio.

Abstract: A photographic enlargement system of the kind used in producing posters or giant-size prints has been improved by installing the focal plane, the photographic-paper feeding mechanism and a focal-plane-masking roller blind system on a carriage which can be moved toward or away of the optical enlarging system for focussing the image. The carriage forms a compact and self-contained unit which is enclosed in a light-tight fixed casing with which the optical enlarging system is integral.Convenience and reliability of use are the distinguishing features.

Abstract: A lens positioning device for an electrophotographic copying machine having at least three magnification modes and including a projecting lens unit movable along the optical axis between extreme positions representing the largest and smallest magnifications through an intermediate position representing a magnification substantially intermediately between the largest and smallest magnifications. The lens positioning device comprises a stopper mechanism for trapping the projecting lens unit at the intermediate position accurately and exactly. This stopper mechanism includes at least one blocking element pivotally carried by a movable block and operable to halt the movement of the projecting lens unit when the movable block is moved to a position where the blocking element is ready to engage the projecting lens unit.

Abstract: A printing apparatus for use in the manufacture of semiconductor circuit elements, comprising a fixed mirror imaging system. A mask holder and wafer holder are respectively provided in an upper horizontal plane and a lower horizontal plane on the optical axis above and below said mirror imaging system, the light emerging from the mask being introduced into said system by a mirror inclined at 45.degree. to the optical axis while the light emerging from said system is directed to the wafer by an another mirror inclined at 45.degree. to the optical axis. The mask holder and wafer holder are integrally movable in the horizontal direction to allow formation of the entire image of mask on the wafer.

Abstract: A slit exposure type copying apparatus capable of producing copies at various magnifications has a holder for holding an original to be copied in a stationary position at one end of an optical path, a photosensitive member at the other end of the optical path, an exposure slit through which portions of an image of the original are successively projected, the photosensitive member being movable past the exposure slit at a speed V, and a mirror structure having a first and second reflecting surfaces disposed perpendicular to each other, the second reflecting surface reflecting the successive portions of the image to the exposure slit and onto the photosensitive member through said slit.

Abstract: A copying apparatus which is equipped with a scanning system control device including means for judging sizes of copy paper sheets employed, means for detecting copying magnifications, and means for controlling movement of the scanning system of the copying apparatus so as to correspond to the area available for copying or copying coverage to be determined by the judged size and detected copying magnification. The movement of the scanning system is not controlled by the size of the original or copy paper sheet itself, but is regulated to correspond to the area available for the copying on an original platform to be determined by the copy paper size and copying magnification.

Abstract: This specification discloses a copying apparatus in which a first and a second reflector are movable at a velocity ratio of 1:1/2 to scan an image original and the first reflector is displaced by magnification change operation. A movable pulley is provided to a support member for the second reflector. A wire having one end secured in place within the apparatus is passed over the movable pulley and the other end portion thereof is wound on a drive pulley. A support member for the first reflector is secured to the wire between the movable pulley and the drive pulley. The wire is passed over a first pulley displaceable by magnification change operation, between that end of the wire secured in place and the securing point of the wire to the first reflector supporting member. The wire is also passed over a second pulley displaceable by magnification change operation, between the securing point of the wire to the first reflector supporting member and the drive pulley.

Abstract: A copying apparatus comprises an original supporting carriage for supporting thereon a stationary original, original feeder for feeding an original past an exposure station first scanning optical system comprising illumination lamps, mirrors and a lens for projecting onto a photosensitive medium the image of the original resting on the original supporting carriage, and second scanning optical system comprising illumination lamps, mirrors and a lens for projecting the image of the original onto the photosensitive medium. The photosensitive medium has thereon a common image focus position for two modes effected by the first and the second scanning optical systems.

Abstract: Optical projection apparatus utilizing a pulley and cable mechanism for positioning optical components thereof which comprises a fixed pulley means, translatable pulley means and cable means entrained about the foregoing means. A clutch is provided to selectively preclude rotational movement of the fixed pulley means while translational movement is imparted to the translatable pulley means to thereby effect repositioning of the translatable pulley means relative to the fixed pulley means. An optical component fixed for movement with the translatable pulley means and an optical component fixed for movement with the cable can thereby be repositioned relative to each other by effecting translational movement of the translatable pulley means while simultaneously preventing rotational movement of the fixed pulley means.

Abstract: An optical system for use within a copying machine of the type in which sequential line portions of the original document are illuminated and the light therefrom is reflected by a primary mirror onto an objective element which, in turn, forms a focussed image on a copying drum which rotates in synchronism with the motion of the illumination. In order to provide copying capability at another ratio of reproduction, the primary mirror is made pivotable. In its second position, it reflects the light from the illuminated line portion onto a first supplemental mirror which reflects it onto a second supplemental mirror that directs it to a second objective element. The second objective element forms a focussed image on the copying drum, that image being of different size but located at the same edge of the copying drum as the image from the first objective element.

Abstract: A variable magnification electrophotographic copying apparatus includes an original holder and an original scanning mechanism of the original holder advancing type or of the scanning mirror advancing type. The focus of the image projector lens is adjusted concurrently with the speed of the scanning mirror or original carrier relative to the photosensitive drum speed to adjust the image magnification ratio. Copy paper is withdrawn from a roll thereof and advanced past a cutter through an image transfer station adjacent to the photosensitive drum. The cutter is actuated in response to the position of an indexing member movable along the length of the original and the relative speed of movement of the original or scanning mirror to actuate the cutter so as to cut the copy paper to a length corresponding to the length of the image of the original on the copy paper. The copy paper feed is synchronized with the image scanning so that the leading edge of the image coincides with the leading edge of the copy paper.

Abstract: The electrophotographic copying machine of the present disclosure includes a slit mechanism having two different forms of slits, an optical device to project the image of the original to be copied onto a photoreceptor surface a shifting mechanism for shifting the optical device between a first position suitable for performing an equal size copying operation and a second position suitable for performing a different size copying operation, such as a reduced size copying operation. During the equal size copying operation, the slit mechanism provides a slit having a large size, while during the other size copying operation, for example, a reduced size copying operation, the slit mechanism provides a slit having a different size, for example a small size, so as to maintain the distribution of the amount of exposure on the photoreceptor surface in a predetermined distribution regardless of the type of copying operation.

Abstract: A transfer type electrophotographic copying apparatus of scanning system compact in size and efficient in copying operation and maintenance which is equipped with an improved copying sequence control arrangement through which an exposure lamp for an original to be copied, corona charger for a photoreceptor and also copy paper feeding device are adapted to be simultaneously turned ON by signal from one detecting means, while the number of detecting switches for operating various components of the copying apparatus in association with the copying operation is reduced to minimum by disposing such components at predetermined distances from each other, with the circuit for the control being also extremely simplified.

Abstract: The optical system disclosed is incorporated in a copying machine and has provision for changing magnification of original documents of diverse sizes while maintaining a common image plane projection and enabling the use of common reference edges at a selected reference corner for any original document that might be used and also maintains common reference edges in the image plane. The system contemplates the combined movement of the lens element as well as one of a pair of mirrors to insure that the original document surface and the image plane remain in their fixed positions, regardless of the magnification factor chosen. The lens element is movable forwardly and reversely along the optical path as well as transversely with respect thereto.

Abstract: The optical system disclosed is incorporated in a copying machine and has provision for changing magnification of original documents of diverse sizes while maintaining a common image plane projection and enabling the use of common reference edges at a selected reference corner for any original document that might be used and also either maintains common reference edges in the image plane or produces borders on the reduced-sized image without deliberately causing the center of the reduced image to coincide with the center of the non-reduced image. The system contemplates the combined movement of the lens element as well as one of a pair of mirrors to insure that the original document surface and the image plane remain in their fixed positions, regardless of the magnification factor chosen. The lens element is movable forwardly and reversely along the optical path as well as transversely with respect thereto.

Abstract: An electrophotographic copying machine of the type in which an original and a photosensitive member are both moved while maintaining a given optical relationship therebetween so that an optical system interposed between them focuses an image of the original onto the photosensitive member. A conveyor means is provided in the top portion of the machine, along with a plurality of original carriers for enabling a copying process to be performed at various magnifications which may be either equal to, greater or less than unity, the respective carriers being selectively adapted, when placed on the conveyor means to locate the original thereon at different respective distances from the optical system. Each carrier is moved with a varying speed which depends on the desired magnitude of the magnification while the photosensitive member is driven with a uniform speed.

Abstract: A half-lens/mirror type copier having object-plane to image-plane reduction. The copier's scanning mechanism includes first and second moving mirrors. The first mirror line-scans a stationary original document to be copied. The second mirror receives the document's image, which is reflected from the first mirror, and directs this image to a half-lens/mirror. The half-lens/mirror's optical axis is located off-axis of the image received from the second mirror, and directs this image onto a stationary mirror. The stationary mirror directs the image onto the copier's moving photoconductor.The scanning mechanism can be parked at an end-of-scan position, and the original document is then moved past the stationary scanning mechanism, to thereby direct the document's image onto the copier's moving photoconductor.In order to achieve reduction, in either the scanning mode or the parked mode, the copier is initialized by moving second mirror and the half-lens/mirror a disclosed distance.

Abstract: An optical apparatus and reproducing machine includes an optical system for viewing a document and for projecting an image thereof onto a moving imaging surface. A plurality of optical elements are arranged along an optical path. The projected image magnification is changed by changing the position of at least two optical elements. An interlock apparatus associated with the magnification changing system is provided for inhibiting the change in position of one of the two optical elements until the other of the two optical elements has completed its change in position, upon the changing of the magnification of the optical system.

Abstract: A microfiche or microfilm camera including a copying table for holding a record to be copied, the camera being provided with a mirror arranged to deflect the optical path between the camera lens and copying table through 90.degree. and a cathode ray tube or laser means arranged to supply an alternative source of image to be copied to the record at the copying table; in one embodiment the camera head including camera lens is arranged to be moved relative to the mirror and in other embodiments the camera head is fixed and the mirrors themselves are arranged to be moved relative to the camera head; in one embodiment a further mirror is provided so as to deflect the optical path between the camera lens and copying table through a further 90.degree..

Abstract: A microfilm viewer has an attachment for producing enlarged copies of microfilm, the viewer being of a typical construction and modified as having a cabinet opening beneath the area containing a first mirror used for deflecting a beam of light issuing from a projecting lens onto a projection screen. An undercut area is provided in the cabinet below such opening within which area a separate auxiliary device for making copy enlargements of microfilm records is located. Such auxiliary device has a support frame for a second mirror, the frame and second mirror extending into the opening provided in the viewer cabinet. The second mirror is so disposed as to catch the light beam reflected from the first mirror and deflect it onto a substantially horizontal picture plane of the auxiliary device so as to illuminate a light-sensitive material located in such picture plane.

Abstract: A copying machine includes a system for projecting an image of an original onto a photosensitive member selectively at one of a plurality of magnifications. The projection system includes two lenses. A movable carriage supports the lenses. The carriage is arranged for movement between a first position wherein one of the lenses is operative and a second position wherein the other of the lenses is operative. Adjustable stops are provided for stopping the carriage at the first or second positions. An overcenter device responsive to the movement of the carriage more than half its distance of travel between the first and second positions operates to move and bias the carriage against the stops.

Abstract: This specification discloses a method and apparatus for imaging light on a medium to form a plurality of information elements which in turn form a particular character or other image information. A plurality of light beams are formed and are modulated by information signals and then the light beams are deflected by scanning means to scan a medium, the beams being modulated in such a manner that the same modulation is applied to a predetermined number of the light beams in accordance with a desired size of the information elements formed on the medium, and wherein the size of the information elements, defined by adjacent rows of identical light spots, is changed by varying the number of light beams receiving the same modulation.

Abstract: A device for handling output information from an electronic computer or the like at high speed utilizing a light beam, said device including a modulator for modulating a light beam in accordance with an image information signal such as a character, design or other output from a computer or the like, a medium for receiving the modulated light beam, means such as a galvanometer mirror for causing the modulated beam to scan the medium and optical means between the modulator and the scanning means for directing the modulated beam along any one of a plurality of light paths extending to the medium, the optical means being effective to vary the image forming characteristics such as image magnification of the beam incident on the medium.

Abstract: An improved exposure slit system for controlling the projected image illumination profile of an optical system of a reproducing machine. The optical system is arranged to stripwise view a document. The exposure slit system includes one exposure slit member arranged near the object plane and a second exposure slit member arranged near the image plane. The exposure slit profile for controlling illumination at the image plane is comprised in part by the profile of the exposure slit member at the image plane and in part by the profile of the exposure slit member near the object plane as projected at the image plane.

Abstract: A multi-mode reproducing apparatus which includes means for copying documents selectively at a plurality of copy image magnifications. An imaging surface is arranged for movement at a given velocity. Optical elements are provided for viewing a document and for projecting an image thereof onto the moving imaging surface. The optical elements include a first stationary lens for projecting the image onto the surface at a first projected image magnification, and a second lens arranged for movement between a first stored position where it is inoperative and a second position where it is operative to project an image of the document onto the surface at a second projected image magnification different from the first magnification.

Abstract: A document reproduction machine having a multiple range of magnifications employs a scanning optical system which is controlled as to scanning speed and distance of travel by the selected magnification using a three-dimensional cam mechanism. In the higher reduction copying ranges the speed of the scanning optical system is automatically increased in proportion to the selected magnification reduction, and the increase in scanning distance is tailored to match expected document size to achieve a minimum amount of scanning distance.

Abstract: In a continuous path enlarger having an illumination system for illuminating a very wide continuously moving original and projecting the image thereof onto a much wider sheet of light sensitive recording material moving synchronously with the original, the improvement wherein the illumination system includes a plurality of identical abutting, illumination sources each having a light source and a lens system with the final lens thereof being in the shape of a parallelogram having straight side edges in contact with the adjacent side edges of each adjacent final lens, and with the side edges being at an acute angle to the direction of travel of the recording sheet. Further, the plurality of image areas on the recording sheet preferably overlap each other.

Abstract: An apparatus for viewing an original and for projecting an image thereof onto a moving imaging surface and a reproducing machine employing the apparatus. The apparatus includes a lens arranged along an optical path. The projected image magnification may be changed by translating the lens in a plane of motion between first and second positions. Apparatus are provided for tilting the lens with respect to the plan of motion to a different extent at the first position than at the second position to thereby reduce the occurrence of vignetting in the optical system.

Abstract: In a copying apparatus of the type having a movable original carriage, there is provided drive velocity changing means for changing the drive velocity of the original carriage relative to an image forming member. Movable optical means is provided which has at least a mirror and a lens. One or both of the mirror and the lens may be moved or changed over in response to the drive velocity changing means, thereby changing the magnification at which an original is copied.

Abstract: An optical system for an electrophotographic machine utilizing a photosensitive member, wherein a reflecting mirror and an in-mirror lens are integrally pivotable for adjusting a light path between an original to be copied and the photosensitive member, for the purpose of establishing the most effective exposure of the photosensitive member with an image of the original.

Abstract: An apparatus which regulates the duration of time a surface is illuminated. A document is illuminated and the light rays transmitted therefrom are formed into a light image which is projected onto the surface. The duration of time that the light image exposes the surface is regulated in accordance with the position of a device arranged to project the light image onto the surface.

Abstract: A three-fold mirror array for a scanning projection system to permit placing the object and image of an annular reflective projection system in an orientation which facilitates scanning and yields an image symmetry identical to that obtained with contact printing in which three folding flats are combined with an annular field projection system. The three folding flats are incorporated in a monolithic assembly having a 90.degree. groove on one side and a fold surface perpendicular to the other folding surfaces on the other side of the assembly thereby permitting a simple pivoting scanning mechanism to be used for scanning a field larger than the narrow annular field available in the projection system.

Abstract: A system for automatically focusing images of different magnifications to be reproduced onto a light sensitive medium. First and second optical patterns of a wavelength to which the light sensitive medium is not responsive are projected from first and second displaced light pattern producing means to the projection plane of the images to be reproduced and back to the light pattern producing means. The light pattern producing means have transparent portions therein such that when the returned optical patterns are defocused portions of the defocused optical patterns are transmitted through the transparent portions. The transmitted light is then mechanically modulated and then converted to an electrical signal which is amplified, filtered and then demodulated to provide a signal having the polarity needed to drive a servo system such that focus of the images to be reproduced is achieved.

Abstract: The present invention is an optical aid especially applicative as a focuser for use with photographic enlargers. The structure of the device makes it possible to focus at any point on the projected image at the easel surface. The focuser can be hand held by the operator with one reference point placed on the easel surface in an area where the image is to be focused. The focuser has a mirror which reflects the light of the enlarging apparatus onto an integral viewing surface with the distance from the reference point to the center of the mirror along a reference axis being precisely the same as the distance from the center of the mirror to the center of the viewing surface along a viewing surface axis. The angle of the viewing axis relative to the mirror surface must be the same as the angle of the reference axis to the mirror surface.

Abstract: A lens selection device for placing any one of three or more magnification lenses in an operative position where its optical axis aligns with a respective reference axis, a selected lens being shifted along a fixed path from a retracted position to the operative position thereof by separate drive means numbering one less than the quantity of the lenses. In the case of three lenses, for instance, a first drive means is used to shift a first lens, a second drive means is used to shift a second lens, and a follower means coupled with a third lens is used to shift it to its operative position when the first (or the second) lens is driven to its retracted position.

Abstract: A lens selection device for placing any one of three or more magnification lenses in an operative position where its optical axis aligns with a respective reference axis, a selected lens being shifted along a fixed path from a retracted position to the operative position thereof by separate drive means numbering one less than the quantity of the lenses. In the case of three lenses, for instance, a first drive means is used to shift a first lens, a second drive means is used to shift a second lens, and a follower means coupled with a third lens is used to shift it to its operative position when the first (or the second) lens is driven to its retracted position.