Abstract: An inkjet printing apparatus, method of printing ink using the same and method of fabricating display device are provided. The method of printing ink includes: ejecting ink in which a plurality of particles is dispersed from an inkjet head; irradiating the ejected ink with a first light and a second light having different wavelengths to acquire data on a first exit light and a second exit light emitted from the ink; calculating a concentration of the particles in the ink from the data on the first exit light and the second exit light; and checking whether the concentration is out of an error range from a reference value, where the first light has a wavelength of about 500 nm or less, and the second light has a wavelength of about 1000 nm or more.

Abstract: An apparatus for inspecting transparent cylindrical containers comprising a support and/or gripping device for a cylindrical container adapted to support and make it rotate about a vertical rotation axis, a video camera directed to capture images of a window of a side wall of the cylindrical container, a first collimated lighting device that illuminates said window, a second lighting device that illuminates said window and is arranged opposite the first lighting device in a symmetrical position with respect to the window, a control unit operationally connected to the support and/or gripping device, to the video camera and to said first and second lighting devices, and programmed to capture images of said window at constant angular intervals, alternately activating the first and second lighting devices for each angular range until a complete 360° rotation of the cylindrical container is made, and processing the images obtained.

Abstract: A turbidity measurement device for measuring turbidity of a fluid flowing in a flow tube. A first transducer transmits ultrasonic signals through the fluid in the turbidity measurement section so as to provide a first ultrasonic standing wave between the first and second section ends. A receiver transducer receives the ultrasonic scattered response from particles in the fluid flowing through the turbidity measurement section. A control circuit operates the transducers and generates a signal indicative of the turbidity of the fluid in response to signals received from the receiver transducer. Preferably, the device may comprise a second transducer for generating a second ultrasonic standing wave with the same frequency, and further the two transducers may be used to generate a measure of flow rate by means of known ultrasonic techniques. This flow rate may be used in the calculation of a measure of turbidity.

Abstract: A particle size measuring apparatus capable of measuring a smaller particle size includes: a first light source configured to emit parallel beam to a sample containing particles; a first image capturing apparatus disposed to approximately face the first light source with the sample disposed therebetween and configured to capture an image of the sample; and an image analyzing unit configured to analyze the image captured by the first image capturing apparatus. The first image capturing apparatus and the first light source are disposed so as to approximately face each other so that an image of scattered light of the parallel beam incident on particles and scattered at a prescribed angle ?th or smaller is captured by the first image capturing apparatus. The image analyzing unit is configured to calculate a particle size on the basis of a scattered light image captured by the first image capturing apparatus.

Abstract: A medical treatment system, such as a peritoneal dialysis system, may include a control and other features to enhance patient comfort and ease of use. For example, a cycler device may include a heater bag receiving section and a lid mounted to cover and uncover the heater bag receiving section, potentially enabling faster heating of a dialysate. A user interface may be moveable to be received into the receiving section and covered by the lid, if desired. The system may detect anomalous conditions, such as tilting of a housing of the system, and automatically recover without terminating a treatment. The system may include noise reduction features, such as porting pneumatic outputs to a common chamber, and others. The system may also automatically detect any one of several different solution lines connected to the system, and control operation accordingly, e.g., to mix solutions provided by two or more lines and form a needed dialysate solution.

Abstract: Disclosed is an atmospheric information network comprised of a group of low earth orbit satellite-based sensors providing global coverage of the earth, together with one or more ground-based sensor networks, together with one or more mobile sensor networks, all operating to collect near-real-time or real-time data, together with data gathering from other governmental and commercial atmospheric data sources, together with software algorithms and processes for data reduction, data analysis, correlation of information, data fusion, modeling, reporting of near-real-time or real-time atmospheric conditions of air pollution and wind, and prediction of future atmospheric conditions of air pollution and wind. Such information is presented in geospatial and infographic formats on computer or mobile device displays, or electronic billboards.

Abstract: A system and method for treating flowing water systems with a plasma discharge to remove or control growth of microbiological species. The system and method protect other components of the water system from being damaged by excess energy from the electrohydraulic treatment. The system and method also recycle ozone gas generated by a high voltage generator that powers the plasma discharge to further treat the water. A gas infusion system upstream of or inside a plasma reaction chamber may be used to create fine bubbles of ozone, air, or other gases in the water being treated to aid in plasma generation.

Abstract: A tomography duct for wind tunnels includes a plurality of light sources and sensors displaced around a support structure. The light sources are cycled and sensor measurements are made from sensors opposite the light sources. Tomographic algorithms are used to determine an extinction map from the sensor measurements. The extinction map provides details about particles in a cross-section of the air flow through the tomography duct.

Abstract: Various turbidimeters are described that can detect light directly in a substantially circular, e.g., encompassing, manner such that an increased amount of scattered light from a sample vial may be detected by a light detector, e.g., a photodiode or photodiode array. In an embodiment, a substantially circular photodiode array is provided to directly detect scattered light in an arc about the sample vial. In other embodiments, light guides are provided in an arc element that guides light to a detector or detectors. Other aspects are described and claimed.

Abstract: A method of monitoring a solid component of a reactor feed stream in a polymer production system, comprising (a) measuring a turbidity of the reactor feed stream, wherein the reactor feed stream comprises a solid component of a polymerization catalyst system, and (b) translating the turbidity of the reactor feed stream into a concentration of the solid component in the reactor feed stream. A method of monitoring a solid component of a reactor feed stream in a polymer production system, comprising (a) measuring a turbidity of a precontactor feed stream, wherein the precontactor feed stream comprises a solid component of a polymerization catalyst system, and (b) translating the turbidity of the precontactor feed stream into a concentration of the solid component in a precontactor effluent stream, wherein the precontactor effluent stream comprises the reactor feed stream.

Abstract: A system for determining the characteristics of a gas is described, comprising at least one beam of coherent and monochromatic light, detecting means of scattered light comprising at least one photo-detector, at least one measuring chamber within which the beam and the detecting means are operating, and control means operatively connected to the photo-detector for recording an amount of scattered light according to the Rayleigh scattering principle depending on the physical characteristics of the gas molecule and on a wavelength of the coherent and monochromatic light, the beam of coherent and monochromatic light being emitted by at least one laser with continuous wave. A method for measuring the characteristics of a gas through such system is further described.

Abstract: The present application proposes an improved position sensor, a conveying device comprising the same and a method for position correction by using the same. The position sensor includes at least two light emitters, a light receiver array and a pedestal, the pedestal having a central plane and at least two sloping surfaces tilting towards a center of the pedestal at opposite edges, the at least two light emitters being arranged on the at least two sloping surfaces respectively, and the light receiver array being arranged on the central plane of the pedestal.

Abstract: Various turbidimeters are described that can detect light directly in a substantially circular, e.g., encompassing, manner such that an increased amount of scattered light from a sample vial may be detected by a light detector, e.g., a photodiode or photodiode array. In an embodiment, a substantially circular photodiode array is provided to directly detect scattered light in an arc about the sample vial. In other embodiments, light guides are provided in an arc element that guides light to a detector or detectors. Other aspects are described and claimed.

Abstract: Detection and real-time reporting (via wireless to a remote receiver) of the release of harmful or otherwise unwanted chemicals or chemicals of corrosion into the environment and, more particularly, the undesired release of such chemicals from pipelines, supporting energy/electric/heating/cooling/storage/distribution infrastructure, refineries, chemical plants, factories, processing and manufacturing plants and equipment, storage tanks, engines, containers and the like. One or more detection devices can be placed nearby potential areas where leaks occur, or anywhere monitoring for leaks is desired. In some embodiments, the detection devices are integrated into components for monitoring said component for unwanted emissions.

Abstract: A ballast water monitoring device and a method for detecting live phytoplankton are disclosed. The device comprises a chamber for receiving a sample, at least one light source to emit light towards the sample, a light detector to receive light from the sample and generate a light signal, and a controller. The controller is configured to control the at least one light source to emit a single pulse of light, calculate the variable fluorescence [Fv] of the sample in response to the pulse of light, at time intervals less than the duration of the pulse of light, compare the calculated variable fluorescence to a predetermined reference limit, and perform an action if the calculated variable fluorescence is greater than the predetermined reference limit.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for identifying biological particles from a stack of holographic images obtained by means of an optical system. A stack of image blocks centered on the biological particle to be analysed is extracted from the stack of images and a reference block corresponding to the focus plan is determined. A characteristic magnitude is calculated for each block of the stack and the profile of this characteristic magnitude along the optical axis of the system is compared with a plurality of standard profiles relative to known types of particle. Alternatively, blocks of the stack are extracted from the stack of blocks for predetermined defocusing deviations and the extracted blocks are compared with standard blocks relative to known types of particle.

Abstract: A cytometric mechanism includes: a flow path through which a cell suspension is made to flow; a liquid drive unit for sending the cell suspension which is in the flow path; and a computation unit for irradiating, with irradiation light from a light source, a cell suspension flowing through a flow cell, and for finding a cell survival rate in the cell suspension on the basis of a resulting forward scattered light intensity and transmittance and/or side scattered light intensity. The invention is provided with a calibration curve database for storing, in advance, respective calibration curves indicative of a relationship between viable cell concentration and forward scattered light intensity, a relationship between dead cell concentration and the transmittance, and a relationship between a cell survival rate and the side scattered light intensity.

Abstract: A system for testing optical resolution of an optical device includes an optical resolution target assembly including a target that is heated. The target emits a first light beam at a first wavelength in response to being heated. The first light beam has first and second components that are discernible from one another when the target is heated. The system may also include an illuminator that emits light at a second wavelength that differs from the first wavelength onto the target. The target emits a second light beam having third and fourth components that are discernible from one another when the illuminator emits light at the second wavelength onto the target.

Abstract: A gas exhaust by-product measurement system is provided. A gas chamber is configured to receive exhaust from the exhaust output. A light source, light detector, and at least one optical element are positioned so that a light beam from the light source is directed to the at least one optical element a plurality of times before reaching the light detector. At least one heater provides heat to the at least one optical element. A plurality of purge gas nozzles are in fluid connection with the optical cavity. A high flow line is in fluid connection between a purge gas source and the plurality of purge gas nozzles. A low flow line is in fluid connection between the purge gas source and the plurality of purge gas nozzles. At least one flow controller manages a plurality of flow rates including a high flow and a low flow.

Abstract: Various turbidimeters are described that can detect light directly in a substantially circular, e.g., encompassing, manner such that an increased amount of scattered light from a sample vial may be detected by a light detector, e.g., a photodiode or photodiode array. In an embodiment, a substantially circular photodiode array is provided to directly detect scattered light in an arc about the sample vial. In other embodiments, light guides are provided in an arc element that guides light to a detector or detectors. Other aspects are described and claimed.

Abstract: A sample analyzer prepares a measurement sample from a blood sample or a body fluid sample which differs from the blood sample; measures the prepared measurement sample; obtains characteristic information representing characteristics of the components in the measurement sample; sets either a blood measurement mode for measuring the blood sample, or a body fluid measurement mode for measuring the body fluid sample as an operating mode; and measures the measurement sample prepared from the blood sample by executing operations in the blood measurement mode when the blood measurement mode has been set, and measuring the measurement sample prepared from the body fluid sample by executing operations in the body fluid measurement mode that differs from the operations in the blood measurement mode when the body fluid measurement mode has been set, is disclosed. A computer program product is also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided are a mask inspection apparatus and a mask inspection method that can prevent a reduction in a reflectance of a drop-in mirror, which is caused by carbon contaminants. A mask inspection apparatus according to the present invention includes a drop-in mirror including multi-layer film and a reflective surface. The drop-in mirror is configured to reflect illumination light incident on the reflective surface and illuminate the mask. An area of the reflective surface is configured to be greater than an area of an illuminated spot irradiated with the illumination light on the reflective surface. The drop-in mirror is configured to be movable. A position of the illuminated spot on the reflective surface is configured to be moved when the drop-in mirror is moved.

Abstract: A blood analyzer comprises a light source unit configured to irradiate light on a measurement sample prepared from blood, a fluorescent light detecting unit configured to detect auto-fluorescence produced by red blood cells in the measurement sample which is irradiated by light, an information processing unit configured to obtain auto-fluorescence information related to red blood cells which produce auto-fluorescence detected by the fluorescent light detecting unit. The information processing unit is configured to make a determination regarding anemia based on the auto-fluorescence information.

Abstract: A method includes inspecting a mask to locate a defect region for a defect of the mask. A phase distribution of an aerial image of the defect region is acquired. A point spread function of an imaging system is determined. One or more repair regions of the mask are identified based on the phase distribution of the aerial image of the defect region and the point spread function. A repair process is performed to the one or more repair regions of the mask to form one or more repair features.

Abstract: A particle counter for chemical solution in this disclosure uses a flow cell through which a chemical solution including particles flows, a laser light, and a light-receiving element array. Scattered light from the particles passing through a detection region on an optical path of the laser light in the flow cell is condensed to the light-receiving element array. The laser light in the center of the detection region has an energy density of 3×108 mW/cm2 or more. Each of plural light-receiving elements (a) is larger in length and width than a spot diameter of the scattered light, and (b) receives the scattered light from a region with a size of 760 ?m2 or less included in the detection region. The signal processing unit counts the particles passing through the detection region by use of a threshold corresponding to the smallest measurable particle size of 0.03 ?m.

Abstract: Apparatus derives a sample liquid property and has a container with an outlet section having an overflow edge at a horizontal sample surface. A light source above the surface generates a probe light beam at a non-zero angle ?1 to a normal to the surface. A detector above the surface detects intensity of light emitted out through the surface along a first detection axis forming a non-zero angle ?1 with the surface. An optical barrier between the probe light beam and the first detection axis blocks reflected or scattered light. An inlet section receives sample liquid and has an opening to the main section beneath the sample surface. A separating member separates the sample surface of the inlet section from the sample surface of the main section.

Abstract: A device and method for facilitating convenient measurement of airflow in a duct detector. The device may include a detector assembly and an airflow sensor mounted within the detector assembly. The airflow sensor may be coupled to a remote control device, such as via control circuitry. A method for testing airflow in the duct detector may be performed by measuring airflow in the detector assembly, generating a signal that corresponds to the measured airflow in the detector assembly, and determining whether the generated signal exceeds a predetermined threshold signal level. If the generated signal does not exceed the threshold signal level, alarms may be activated and/or blowers in a ventilation system may be deactivated.

Abstract: This invention enables high throughput detection of small molecule effectors of particle association, as well as quantification of association constants, stoichiometry, and conformation. “Particle” refers to any discrete particle, such as a protein, nucleic acid, carbohydrate, liposome, virus, synthesized polymer, nanoparticle, colloid, latex sphere, etc. Given a set of particle solutions having different concentrations, dynamic light scattering measurements are used to determine the average hydrodynamic radius, ravg, as a function of concentration. The series of ravg as a function of concentration are fitted with stoichiometric association models containing the parameters of molar mass, modeled concentrations, and modeled hydrodynamic radii of the associated complexes. In addition to the ravg value analysis, the experimental data may be fit/analyzed in alternate ways. This method may be applied to a single species that is self-associating or to multiple species that are hetero-associating.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring light scatter, the apparatus having a light transmitter and reception optics for transmitting and detecting a light beam scattered in a measured zone, respectively, wherein an adjustment unit changes between a measuring mode wherein the optical axes of the light transmitter and the reception optics stand at an angle with respect to one another and intersect in the measured zone and a test mode wherein the optical axes of the light transmitter and the reception optics are parallel, wherein the light beam successively sweeps over the reception optics. The reception optics is rotatably held at a displaceable rotary axle, wherein the adjustment unit first rotates the reception optics about the rotary axle in the test mode until the optical axis of the reception optics is parallel with the optical axis of the light transmitter and then displaces the rotatable axle together with the reception optics.

Abstract: A particle detection system is provided, including a sensing chamber having an inlet nozzle, an outlet nozzle, and an interrogation zone defined therebetween. Particles in a sampled environmental gas are prevented from escaping the interrogation zone by pressurizing the sensing chamber such that the pressure therein is higher than that in the outlet nozzle. This is accomplished by providing a source of extra gas to the sensing chamber, for example, by diverting gas from an inlet flow path directly to the sensing chamber.

Abstract: An opto-electrical ultrasound sensor, preferably for the use in medical diagnostics, comprising at least one light source (2), a photo detector (3) illuminated by the light source (2) and capable of producing an electrical signal indicative of the intensity of the light incident on the photo detector (3), and an optical ultrasound detector (4) located in the optical path between the light source (2) and the photo detector (3) and capable of modulating in response to an ultrasound signal the intensity of at least part of the light incident on photo detector (3) from the light source (2). The opto-electrical ultrasound sensor further comprises intensity adjustment means (5) for adjusting the intensity of the light incident on the photo detector (3) via the optical ultrasound detector (4).

Abstract: A fluid control apparatus including a detecting unit including a light source for irradiating light toward a microfluidic device, and a photodetector for detecting light reflected from the microfluidic device, a transporting unit for moving the detecting unit; and a determining unit for controlling a transporting operation by the transporting unit, where determining a state of a fluid at a particular position relative to the microfluidic device is based on light reflected from the microfluidic device, and method of using same.

Abstract: The force calculation system of the present invention is provided with: an air blowing unit for blowing air at a predetermined pressure; a flow passage for air blown from air blowing unit; a sensing unit for changing the ease of flow of air that flows through a flow passage by deforming when an external force is given; a storage unit for storing in advance the flow volume-force correspondence information showing the correspondence between the magnitude of the force received by the sensing unit and the flow volume at which air blown from air blowing unit flows through the flow passage; and a processing unit for calculating the magnitude of external force received by the sensing unit, on the basis of: the flow volume of air flowing through the flow passage as measured by a flow volume meter; and the flow volume-force correspondence information stored in the storage unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for estimating the amount of entities deposited on microparticles in suspension in a solution, and also to an associated device. The method comprises the following steps: (a) the solution is illuminated with a light source; (b) an optical signal formed by the scattering, in the solution, of the illuminating light is detected; (c) the optical signal obtained in step (b) is analyzed in order to obtain an indicator relating to this signal; (d) the indicator obtained in step (c) is compared with a reference indicator, obtained for a reference solution, the comparison making it possible to estimate the amount of entities deposited on the microparticles.

Abstract: In an apparatus for measuring an optical characteristic of a sample, one object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus capable of measuring hemispherical total reflectance, hemispherical total transmittance, and light distribution, and to achieve a reduction in measurement time and an improvement in precision of the quantitative analysis of hemispherical total reflectance (transmittance). In a double ellipsoidal optical system which is an optical system in which one focal points of two ellipsoidal mirrors are positioned as a common focal point, and three focal points are aligned in a straight line, the double ellipsoidal optical system is composed of a partial ellipsoidal mirror 2, such as a quarter ellipsoidal mirror, and a belt-shape ellipsoidal mirror 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for measuring the scattered light (L2) of particles (P, PK) in a measuring medium (F), wherein a measuring container (1) is supplied with the measuring medium (F) and incident light (L1) is shone through the measuring medium (F) at least in some regions over a certain path length (1) and in a certain direction and the light (L2) scattered from the incident light (L1) is measured within a certain angle range (?). It is provided according to the invention that the incident light (L1) is guided parallel to a longitudinal axis (S) of the measuring container (1). By these measures, known methods can be improved and it is readily possible to use the invention even for very small measuring volumes of the measuring medium (F) with the associated small dimensions of the measuring container (1).

Abstract: An automated method for assuring sample adequacy. The method includes providing a sample in a testing container, activating an illumination source to pass an illumination beam through the testing container and into the sample, and detecting an intensity of an emitted beam. The emitted beam includes at least a portion of the illumination beam that has been scattered by the sample. The method also includes generating a sample turbidity measurement based on the intensity of the emitted beam, and determining, based on the sample turbidity measurement, an adequacy of the sample to provide accurate results in a primary test.

Abstract: A cell/particle analyzing device includes a light-emitting unit, a light-diverting unit, a first receiving unit and a second receiving unit. The light-emitting unit generates a first light beam. The light-diverting unit is connected to the light-emitting unit and has an input end, a bidirectional transceiving end and an output end. The input end receives the first light beam generated by the light-emitting unit. The bidirectional transceiving end transmits the first light beam generated by the light-emitting unit and receives a second light beam. The output end outputs the second light beam. The first receiving unit is connected to the output end of the light-diverting unit and receives the second light beam. The second receiving unit is aligned with the bidirectional transceiving end.

Abstract: A device and process for determining sizes of particles of a particle stream. A first optical measuring system with a first dot matrix sensor and a lighting device, which transilluminates the measuring volume are provided. The first dot matrix sensor and the lighting device form a transmitted-light arrangement. The computing device determines projection areas of particles within the transilluminated measuring volume from the image data of the first dot matrix sensor. The optical measuring arrangement includes a second optical measuring system with a second dot matrix sensor for detecting the diffraction pattern of the particles. The computing device determines a size distribution of the particles in the measuring volume based on the projection areas and the diffraction pattern. The computing device forms the size distribution from particle sizes determined on the basis of the projection areas and from particle sizes determined on the basis of the diffraction pattern.

Abstract: This invention relates to measuring the light that is scattered from particulates (aerosols) in a gas or liquid. The sample typically flows into the instrument and the particulates are measured in-situ. The intensity of the scattered light is measured at many different angles, which determines both the amount of particulates in the sample, and detailed information about the particles such as average size, shape and composition. The measurement can be applied to climate and air pollution research, and clean room monitoring.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system for a sorting flow cytometer include an objective lens having an optical axis coaxially aligned with the flow path at the focal point. A controllable energy source selectively alters an analyte according to a determination of whether the analyte is in a desired sub-population. In various embodiments, one or both of the emission from the controllable energy source and/or the emission from an illumination energy source passes through the objective lens. In some embodiments in which the emission from the controllable energy source passes through the objective lens, the objective lens may focus the emission from the controllable energy source at a different point than the focal point of a signal detected from the analyte and, in particular, at a point closer to the objective lens.

Abstract: Techniques, devices and systems are disclosed for characterizing particles in a fluid sample by optical space-time coding. In one aspect, a microfluidic device for optical detection of particles includes a substrate, a microfluidic channel formed on the substrate and structured to carry a fluid sample containing particles, in which the microfluidic channel is structured to transmit a probe light, and a mask formed on one side of the microfluidic channel and structured to include a pattern of openings along the microfluidic channel, in which at least two of the openings have varying dimensions across the microfluidic channel, and in which the pattern of openings encodes a waveform on the probe light that transmits through the microfluidic channel to allow optical detection of a position of a particle in the microfluidic channel.

Abstract: Measuring and tracking velocity of individual aerosol particles in a bio-threat detection system are accomplished using a single beam laser source in combination with a birefringent crystal that splits the laser beam into two beams having orthogonal polarization. Scattered light is collected with an elliptical reflector and directed into two detection channels, sampling total elastic scatter in the first channel and sampling polarized elastic scatter in the second channel. The difference in intensity of the scattered light in the polarized channel is used to identify the position of the particles. By taking the ratio of signal output from the polarized detector to the total scatter detector, a threshold level can be established to determine the presence of particles traversing the two beams. The particles are time stamped as they traverse the two beams and the time difference between the pulses can be used to measure the velocity of the particles.

Abstract: This invention provides a new method for rapidly analyzing single bioparticles to assess their material condition and state of health. The method is enabled by use of a resonant cavity apparatus to measure an optical property related to the bioparticle size and refractive index. Measuring the refractive index is useful for determining material properties of the bioparticle. The material properties depend on the biomolecular composition of the bioparticle. The biomolecular composition is, in turn, dependent on the state of health of the bioparticle. Thus, measured optical properties can be used to differentiate normal (healthy) and abnormal (diseased) states of bioparticles derived from cells or tissues. The method is illustrated with data obtained from a resonator with a gain medium. The invention also provides new methods for making multiple measurements in a single device and detecting, analyzing, and manipulating bioparticles that are much smaller than the wavelength of light.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an optical detection method and optical detection apparatus, the apparatus including: a light irradiation section configured to irradiate a laser beam upon one of fine particles which are successively fed in a flow path; and a light detection section configured to detect fluorescent light and/or scattered light generated from any of the fine particles upon which the laser beam is irradiated; the method including the steps of: irradiating a laser beam upon one of fine particles which are successively fed in a flow path; and detecting fluorescent light and/or scattered light generated from the fine particle; wherein the laser beam being formed as a pulse laser beam whose pulse intensity is modulated such that one laser beam or two or more laser beams having different wavelengths are irradiated by a plural number of times upon one fine particle with the intensity varied.

Abstract: The determination of wax crystal particle size and population is used to monitor the performance of wax crystallizers used in lubricant oil processing using solvent dewaxing. The wax crystal particle size is monitored using online measurements. The information obtained from on-line monitoring is then used to control crystallization in the dewaxing equipment in order to optimize performance of the dewaxing units.

Abstract: Provided is a detection apparatus of Raman scattering and light scattering, and more particularly, a simultaneous detection apparatus of Raman scattering and dynamic light scattering and a detection method using the same. The simultaneous detection apparatus of Raman scattering and light scattering includes: a detection unit for applying incident light to a sample, and detecting Raman scattering in 90° or 180° geometry and light scattering in 90° or 180° geometry in order to simultaneously collect Raman scattering and light scattering; and a computer connected to the detection unit to obtain at least one of the size and distribution of particles from the detected light scattering, and to obtain information of the molecular structure from the detected Raman scattering.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system for a sorting flow cytometer include an objective lens having an optical axis coaxially aligned with the flow path at the focal point. A controllable energy source selectively alters an analyte according to a determination of whether the analyte is in a desired sub-population. In various embodiments, one or both of the emission from the controllable energy source and/or the emission from an illumination energy source passes through the objective lens. In some embodiments in which the emission from the controllable energy source passes through the objective lens, the objective lens may focus the emission from the controllable energy source at a different point than the focal point of a signal detected from the analyte and, in particular, at a point closer to the objective lens.

Abstract: This invention relates to measuring the light that is scattered from particulates (aerosols) in a gas or liquid. The sample typically flows into the instrument and the particulates are measured in-situ. The intensity of the scattered light is measured at many different angles, which determines both the amount of particulates in the sample, and detailed information about the particles such as average size, shape and composition. The measurement can be applied to climate and air pollution research, and clean room monitoring.

Abstract: The present invention provides a blood analyzer. The blood analyzer comprises a flow cell in which a first measurement sample flows, a light source for irradiating the first measurement sample flowing in the flow cell, a PIN photodiode for detecting a side scattered light from the first measurement sample irradiated by the light source, and an avalanche photodiode for detecting a side fluorescence light from the first measurement sample irradiated by the light source. The blood analyzer also comprises a signal processing part which has a low pass filter for reducing high frequency noise included in the side fluorescent light signal. A cut-off frequency of the low pass filter is set so that the blood analyzer can classify white blood cells in the first measurement sample into at least four groups comprising neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils, based solely on the side scattered light signal and the side fluorescent light signal.