Abstract: The present invention provides a fast-response photorefractive polymer element (1) including two insulating substrates (2, 2) arranged substantially in parallel with each other, ITO electrodes (3, 3) provided on inner surfaces (2a, 2a) of two insulating substrates (2, 2), dark current control layers (4, 4) provided on inner surfaces (3a, 3a) of ITO electrodes (3, 3), and a photorefractive composite material (5) provided between two insulating substrates (2, 2) with ITO electrodes (3, 3) and dark current control layers (4, 4). The photorefractive composite material (5) contains polytriarylamine (PTAA) which is a photorefractive polymer, and a dark current control layer (4) is a single-layered monomolecular film or multi-layered monomolecular films. With these configurations, a fast-response photorefractive polymer element achieves significantly improved responsiveness.

Abstract: An internal pressure inspection apparatus for a sealed container having a can lid that is attached to any of an upper end and a lower end of a can trunk, and that is deformed by an internal pressure of the container. A laser sensor adapted to measure a distance from the can lid by irradiating the can lid is situated parallel to the can lid while being allowed to move relative to the can lid. The inspection apparatus integrates relative displacement values between a reference point closer to a center of the can lid than a seamed portion and other points closer to a center of the can lid than the reference point, and acceptability of the internal pressure is judged based on the value of integration.

Abstract: An acousto-optic device having a wide range of diffraction angle and an optical scanner, a light modulator, and a display apparatus using the acousto-optic device are provided. The acousto-optic device includes a core layer having a periodic photonic crystal structure in which unit cells of predetermined patterns are repeated, a first clad layer on a first surface of the core layer, the first clad layer having a refractive index that is different from a refractive index of the core layer, a second clad layer on a second surface of the core layer, the second surface being opposite the first surface, the second clad layer having a refractive index that is different from the refractive index of the core layer, and a sound wave generator configured to apply surface acoustic waves (SAW) to the core layer, the first clad layer, the second clad layer, or any combination thereof.

Abstract: Provided is a cover structure used for a touch panel, including: a substrate and a masking layer buried in the substrate. The region where the masking layer is located defines a non-visible region of the touch panel. In addition, a method for fabricating the cover structure and a touch panel including the cover structure are also provided.

Abstract: A system and method for converting structured data to unstructured or structured data, the system and method receiving processing options in a flexible format and a reader selection, executing the reader selection to read data, computing a date time group to iterate through observed and/or modeled data, bilinearly interpolating the structured data to create an unstructured or structured finite element mesh, linearly interpolating data in time if necessary, and storing the populated grid on a computer-readable medium in a format compatible with a target numerical model.

Abstract: A method of processing a database can include comparing, using a processor, a delta file with a risk assessment criterion, wherein the delta file is generated from a first schema and a second and different schema, assigning a risk level to a change specified within the delta file according to the comparing, and applying the change of the delta file to a test database conforming to the first schema according to the assigned risk level.

Abstract: The present invention relates to use of a digital holographic microscopy and imaging setup and a method of digital holographic microscopy and imaging for detecting molecules or structures stained or labelled to at least one cell or conjugated to antibodies which are bound either directly to said at least one cell or indirectly via another or several antibodies in a chain bound to said at least one cell.

Abstract: Optical solenoid beams, diffractionless solutions of the Helmholtz equation whose diffraction -limited in-plane intensity peak spirals around the optical axis, and whose wavefronts carry an independent helical pitch. The solenoid beams have the noteworthy property of being able to exert forces on illuminated objects that are directed opposite to the direction of the light's propagation. Optical solenoid beams therefore act as true tractor beams that are capable of transporting material back toward their source.

Abstract: In reproduction of a two-dimensional page data from an optical information recording medium utilizing holography, a reproduced two-dimensional page data is divided into a plurality of areas each of which has a predetermined size, the divided two-dimensional areas are individually subjected to adaptive equalizing, and then are coupled to restore the condition of the original two-dimensional page data.

Abstract: A Head Up Display can be utilized to find light from an energy source. The Head Up Display includes a first waveguide having a first input coupler and a first output coupler. The Head Up Display can also include a second waveguide having a second input coupler and a second output coupler. The first waveguide has a first major surface and the second waveguide has a second major surface, which are disposed approximately parallel to each other. The first waveguide and the second waveguide are positioned as a combiner and allowing viewing an outside feed and information from an image source. The first input coupler diffracts light in the first field of view into the first waveguide and light in a second field of view reaches the second input coupler and is diffracted into the second waveguide.

Abstract: The present techniques present methods and systems for increasing a data reading rate on optical data disks using a single reading head. The methods take advantage of the difference between a mean focal distance (MFD), or minimum spacing that the detector can distinguish between bits, and the minimum separation of bits in a single track to increase the reading speed. As the bits may be more closely spaced across adjacent tracks or layers, these techniques may be used to increase the reading speed of the disk. Specifically, the data symbols that make up a single bit-stream may be stored in a pattern horizontally across adjacent tracks, or vertically across adjacent layers. Accordingly, the focal point of the detector is scanned across the disk in the same pattern to read the individual data symbols.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hologram, or holographic intensity data, processing method and system. The system implements the method which comprises receiving holographic intensity data comprising at least a holographic intensity pattern or image at a discrete location in a propagation space, the propagation space comprising the three-dimensional space over which light waves or illumination forming the holographic intensity pattern propagates. The method comprises determining one or more data key-points of at least one potential object of interest (19) in the received holographic intensity data, and also comparing the determined one or more data key-points to at least one pre-determined propagation space invariant object descriptor associated with an object to determine a match in order to identify or detect the object and determine its location in the propagation space.

Abstract: A traffic signal system with dual light sources includes a signal displaying module, an ambient light module and a supplementary light module. The ambient light from environment is assembled by the ambient light module for generating a first light beam. A second light beam is provided by the supplementary light module disposed near the ground for easy maintaining and avoiding danger. The supplementary light module includes a sensor and a control circuit. The sensor senses the brightness of the first light beam passing through the signal displaying module and generates a photosensitive signal. The brightness of the second light beam is regulated by the control circuit according to the photosensitive signal. The brightness of the first light beam is supplied by regulating the brightness of the second light beam, so the signal displaying module has high-brightness light source and achieves the energy conservation.

Abstract: A display apparatus configured to produce an interactive three-dimensional holographic image is disclosed. The display apparatus can include one or more coherent light sources configured to produce one or more beams, based on obtained image data of an object to display, and a lens assembly configured to direct the one or more beams to form a holographic image of the object. The lens assembly can include a collimating lens and a lens capable of beam steering one or more beams, including a micro-lens assembly with at least one micro-lens configured to generate a plurality of beams associated with a plurality of desired viewing angles. One or more optical sensors can be configured to obtain information regarding whether an interactive device interrupts the one or more beams, and a processor unit can determine a location of the interactive device with respect to the holographic image.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a digital hologram display device in which the 0th diffraction component is removed for optimizing the reproduction and replay of three-dimensional hologram video data. The present disclosure suggests a digital hologram image display device including a pattern generator generating holography interference patterns; a spatial light modulator receiving the holography interference patterns from the pattern generator and representing the holography interference patterns; a light source positioning at one side of the spatial light modulator and illuminating a reference beam to the spatial light modulator; an optical device controlling the reference beam to be collimated onto the entire surface of the spatial light modulator; and a diffusion sheet disposed between the light source and the spatial light modulator.

Abstract: A substrate includes a diffracting structure providing a hologram (20, 6). The diffracting structure encodes a holographic image so that thatholographic image is produced in response to reference light being incident on a major surface of the substrate at an angle of incidence with respect to the said major surface of the substrate, wherein the angle of incidence is no more than 20°.

Abstract: According to one aspect and example, a method for recording holographic media and/or holographic master data masks includes recording at least a first hologram or information layer with a first holographic medium (e.g., a “submaster”) and recording at least a second information layer with a second holographic medium (e.g., a second “submaster”). The first information layer and the second information layer from the first and second holographic media are then sequentially reconstructed and stored with a single holographic master medium (e.g., a “master”). The holographic master may then be used to record the stored first and second information layers into additional holographic media, for example, into HROM devices or the like.

Abstract: A computer implemented method to display an industrial installation, which display may also display information about an event or an alarm in the installation. The method includes displaying an image which appears to the viewer to be a three dimensional holographic image including a view of the industrial installation. The image may also include one or more points in three dimensional space and which point or points are each mapped to a corresponding point or position in the industrial installation. A pointing device for actively indicating position on the image reflecting objects or positions in the installation is also described.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes a sensor for generating a sensor output signal responsive to the three-dimensional coordinate position of a detection target in a monitor space by detecting a capacitance in the monitor space, and outputting the sensor output signal, a position detector for detecting the three-dimensional coordinate position of the detection target in the monitor space from the sensor output signal of the sensor, a storage unit for storing coordinate information identifying a three-dimensional space region set in the monitor space, a determining unit for determining whether the three-dimensional coordinate position of the detection target in the monitor space is contained in the three-dimensional set space region, based on the three-dimensional coordinate position of the detection target detected by the position detector and the coordinate information stored on the storage, and an output unit for outputting determination results of the determining unit.

Abstract: A hologram projecting system includes a coherent light source for emitting a reference beam onto a real object; and an image sensor for receiving the reference beam and a scattered beam reflected from the real object, and recording a Fourier image of the real object. Also included is a modulator for receiving the Fourier image. The reference beam is passed through the modulator, and configured to interact with the Fourier image to form a virtual image of the real object. The image sensor includes an n×m pixel array, where n and m are numbers of rows and columns, respectively. The modulator includes an n×m pixel array corresponding to the n×m pixel array of the image sensor. The pixels in the n×m pixel array of the image sensor control transmissivity of light in corresponding pixels of the n×m pixel array of the modulator.

Abstract: A method for automatic focusing of a microscope with a microscope objective on a selected area of a specimen, in which a digital hologram of the selected area of the specimen is generated in an off-axis mode and a microscope with which the method is implemented. The digital hologram is used to determine, on the optical axis of the microscope objective, a focus position to be set in which the selected area of the specimen is optimally in focus. Subsequently, a control system is used to set the microscope to the focus position determined and thus is focused on the area selected.

Abstract: Device for generating a hologram pattern including: selecting means for selecting, as cross section ranges which are in a plurality of cross sections parallel to hologram pattern in 3D object and which are ranges used for generating hologram pattern, cross section ranges which overlap ranges in other cross sections when the relevant cross section is perspectively seen from a predetermined observation point on the hologram pattern; depth integrating means for calculating, for lattice points in one cross section range, a depth integral function acquired by integrating an inverse diffraction function for determining hologram pattern for displaying points of 3D object with respect to respective lattice points in the cross section ranges which overlap the relevant lattice point; and inverse Fourier transform means for generating hologram pattern by performing two-dimensional inverse transform on depth integral functions with respect to plurality of lattice points in one cross section range.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of an optical element applied to a miniature microscope comprises the steps of: emitting a signal light and a reference light to an optical material; and forming a plurality of gratings on the optical material by interfering the signal light and the reference light. A miniature microscope is also disclosed.

Abstract: A holographic imaging device for imaging an object under study includes a partially reflective surface having a contact side for contacting the object under study and an imaging side for partially reflecting a radiation wave. The device also includes at least one radiation source for projecting the radiation wave onto the imaging side of the partially reflective surface and an image sensor arranged to receive the radiation wave when reflected by the partially reflective surface. The image sensor is adapted for determining an interference pattern between the radiation wave reflected by the imaging side of the partially reflective surface and the radiation wave reflected by the object under study when contacting the contact side of the partially reflective surface.

Abstract: Methods and devices for holographic imaging are disclosed. In some embodiments, a holographic imaging device is disclosed that includes at least one radiation source, a reflective surface, and an image sensor. The at least one radiation source may be configured to emit a radiation wave towards the reflective surface and an object positioned on or near the reflective surface, where the radiation wave is reflected by the reflective surface to produce a reference wave and is reflected directly toward the image sensor by the object to produce an object wave directed at the image sensor. Further, the image sensor may be configured to determine an interference pattern between the reference wave and the object wave. A holographic image representing the object may be reconstructed based on the interference pattern.

Abstract: Methods for tracking the identity of die after singulation from a wafer. The product chips and die include a pattern of features formed in a metallization level of a back-end-of-line (BEOL) wiring structure. The features in the pattern contain information relating to the die, such as a unique identifier that includes a wafer identification used to fabricate the die and a product chip location for the die on a wafer. The features may be imaged with the assistance of a beam of electromagnetic radiation that penetrates into a packaged die and is altered by the presence of the features in a way that promotes imaging.

Abstract: Producing complicated effects based on image processing operations. The image processing operations are defined for a processor which may be different than the processor which is actually used. The processor that is actually used runs an interpreter that interprets the information into its own language, and then runs the image processing. The actual information is formed according to a plurality of layers which are combined in some way so that each layer can effect the layers below it. Layers may add to, subtract from, or form transparency to the layer below it or make color filtering the layer below it. This enables many different effects computed and precompiled for a hypothetical processor, and a different processor can be used to combine and render those effects.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hologram which forms a light intensity distribution on a predetermined plane by using an incident light. The hologram includes a plurality of cells configured to control both a phase of a first polarized light component of the incident light and a phase of a second polarized light component. The plurality of cells are designed to form a portion in an overlap region in which a first light intensity distribution region formed on the predetermined plane by the first polarized light component and a second light intensity distribution region formed on the predetermined plane by the second polarized light component are superposed on each other. The phase of the first polarized light component is diffused in the portion formed in the overlap region.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system that provides a holographic layer as a micro-lens array and/or a color filter array in an imager. The method of writing the holographic layer results in overlapping areas in the hologram for corresponding adjacent pixels in the imager which increases collection of light at the pixels, thereby increasing quantum efficiency.

Abstract: A display apparatus is provided for displaying a jersey with a three-dimensional view with a vision effect of floating in mid-air in an enclosed environment. The display apparatus comprises an outer casing body, a front and a back clear screen, an inner support member, an optional desk support and an opening means. In particular, when a jersey is supported by the inner support member as provided, the support member is invisible such that it contributes to the mid-air floating visual effect. The display apparatus may further comprise components to achieve visual, audio and/or video effects controlled by sensors.

Abstract: Method for real-time rendering and generating of computer-generated video holograms from three-dimensional image data with depth information, where the position and viewing direction of an observer defines a view of the scene, and where the observer is assigned with at least one virtual observer window, which is situated in an observer plane near the observer eyes, comprising the following process steps: 3D rendering and generation of the depth map of scene section data between two parallel section planes, which are disposed at right angles to the viewing direction of the observer, transformation of the scene section data, repetition of the steps of 3D rendering and transformation, Back-transformation, encoding in pixel values in order to reconstruct the three-dimensional scene.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes a sensor for generating a sensor output signal responsive to the three-dimensional coordinate position of a detection target in a monitor space by detecting a capacitance in the monitor space, and outputting the sensor output signal, a position detector for detecting the three-dimensional coordinate position of the detection target in the monitor space from the sensor output signal of the sensor, a storage unit for storing coordinate information identifying a three-dimensional space region set in the monitor space, a determining unit for determining whether the three-dimensional coordinate position of the detection target in the monitor space is contained in the three-dimensional set space region, based on the three-dimensional coordinate position of the detection target detected by the position detector and the coordinate information stored on the storage, and an output unit for outputting determination results of the determining unit.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a light modulation optical system having a first element which forms a desired light intensity gradient distribution to an incident light beam and a second element which forms a desired light intensity minimum distribution with an inverse peak shape to the same, and an image formation optical system which is provided between the light modulation optical system and a substrate having a polycrystal semiconductor film or an amorphous semiconductor film, wherein the incident light beam to which the light intensity gradient distribution and the light intensity minimum distribution are formed is applied to the polycrystal semiconductor film or the amorphous semiconductor film through the image formation optical system, thereby crystallizing a non-crystal semiconductor film. The pattern of the first element is opposed to the pattern of the second element.

Abstract: The acoustographic dynamic range extending device and method determines thresholds to reach a preset brightness with a test part and without a test part and transforms these thresholds to image data, where the thresholds can be time thresholds obtained with a single driving voltage and can be voltage thresholds obtained with an increasing driving voltage.

Abstract: A holographic device is provided for recovering data in a holographic memory system. The device use homodyne detection to introduce a local oscillator beam into a reconstructed data beam of the recovered hologram. An image of the combined beam comprising the reconstructed data beam and local oscillator beam may be processed to obtain contrast level information for the pixels of the detected image. This contrast level information may then be used to obtain an increased contrast image of the recovered hologram, which may increase the signal to noise ratio (SNR) of the recovered data.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of integrating information, including real-time information, into a virtual thematic environment using a computer system, including accessing the stored information from a database or downloading the real-time information from a source external to the thematic environment; inserting the real-time information into the thematic environment; and displaying the information to a user within the thematic environment. In one embodiment, the computer system is connected to a holographic projection system such that the images from the thematic environment can be projected as holographic projections.

Abstract: A hologram laminate is provided with a hologram recording layer in which holograms are recorded, a first bonding layer, a pattern layer having a first region and a second region, and a second bonding layer. The hologram recording layer, the first bonding layer, the pattern layer, and the second bonding layer are laminated in this order. Detaching strength of the first bonding layer is larger than detaching strength of the second bonding layer. The detaching strength of the second bonding layer with respect to the first region and the detaching strength of the second bonding layer with respect to the second region are different.

Abstract: A method and system for preparing and using three dimensional optical ring traps. The method and system includes applying a single phase hologram to be able to independently control shape and force profile of an optical trap but without employing orbital angular momentum for the control parameter of an optical ring trap to manipulate an object.

Abstract: A system and method for creating extended optical traps for applying optical forces to a material to be manipulated for a commercial application. The system and method include applying a hologram of appropriate characteristics to a beam of light wherein the hologram characteristics include a transverse optical component to apply optical forces transverse to an optical axis of the system. A shape phase component achieves this transverse optical component and also intensity gradient components can be applied via the hologram to provide programmable extended optical traps for a selectable commercial application.

Abstract: The invention relates to a holographic reconstruction system for the reconstruction of scenes having at least one video hologram modulated wave front, and an enlarged visibility region. The system utilizes two-dimensional coded light modulator cells of spatial light modulation means and optical focusing means, which realize a Fourier transformation of the modulated wave front in their focal plane. First optical deflection means deflect the parallel disposed partial light waves such that their Fourier transformations appear as cascading in the focal plane. A spatial frequency filter located on the focal plane, lets each of the same diffraction orders of all modulated partial light waves pass, and second optical deflection means arrange the wave front strips next to each other at the modulated wave front, which reconstructs the scene.

Abstract: A card authentication is performed. An authentication chip for performing authentication by a copy-disabled hologram chip is attached to a card and when or after the card is introduced into a handling device, the authentication chip information is read to perform authentication. Read may be performed in a planar shape but a linear shape can reduce the processing load. An arbitrary straight line or a curved line may be used as a read line shape by modifying the read position in association with the card movement when the card is placed to be read. When the card introduced to a terminal device is an unauthorized one, the card is ejected or an alarm is issued when the card is introduced inside.

Abstract: A method of encrypting a set of data is disclosed. The method may include encoding a set of data with a first encryption key, and transforming the set of data encoded with the first encryption key. The method may also include using a second encryption key to encode the transformation of the set of data encoded with the first encryption key. The method may also include transforming the encoded transformation of the set of data encoded with the first encryption key generating thereby and encrypted set of data.

Abstract: Method and apparatus is described for a general purpose transistor of the higher dimensional (HD) spacetime backcloth consistent with symmetry parameters of a new cosmological paradigm with a unique M-Theoretic background making correspondence to a complex scale-invariant covariant Dirac polarized aether where energy pathways follow spacetime geodesics; and switching is achieved by manipulating resonant modes of a Calabi-Yau mirror symmetry hierarchy inherent in continuous-state brane topology of the structural-phenomenology of least cosmological units tiling the raster of spacetime as it emerges from the infinite potential of the unified field.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system that provides a holographic layer as a micro-lens array and/or a color filter array in an imager. The method of writing the holographic layer results in overlapping areas in the hologram for corresponding adjacent pixels in the imager which increases collection of light at the pixels, thereby increasing quantum efficiency.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus and a method of printing a diffraction grating. In particular, the present invention relates to diffraction gratings applied to a substrate, such as a hologram.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for projecting a virtual image of an object. A projector mounted on the object for projecting a light beam. A photographic plate is provided that includes an interference pattern imprinted onto at least one surface, wherein the interference pattern manipulates the light to form a hologram beam such that a detector detecting the hologram beam detects a virtual image of the object that has a light signature at a greater intensity than a light signature of the object.

Abstract: An optical beam with the same amplitude distribution and phase distribution as those of the signal beam used for recording is radiated to the hologram recording medium via an optical system of the signal beam prior to reproduction so that the optical beam with the amplitude and phase of the reference beam upon recording is generated through diffraction. A wavefront sensor detects the wavefront configuration of the diffraction beam and obtains preliminarily the suitable wavefront of the reference beam for reproduction. The wavefront control element preliminarily corrects the wavefront of the reference beam to an optimum wavefront.

Abstract: In holographic recording, it is important to form stably an interference fringe between a reference beam and a signal beam in a holographic storage medium. To suppress factors degrading stability of the interference fringe, such as fluctuation of atmospheric air, position displacement of optical components and the like during propagation of the reference and signal beams, an optical pickup and an optical information recording/reproducing apparatus adopt an optical system structure providing a higher proportion of optical components shared by the reference and signal beams optical path than conventional optical system structure. To increase the proportion of shared optical components, the signal beam and the reference beam pass through the PBS prism as parallel beams and a concave lens is placed on a reference beam path just before the objective lens.

Abstract: Non-rigidly coupled, overlapping, non-feedback optical systems for spatial filtering of Fourier transform optical patterns and image shape characterization comprises a first optical subsystem that includes a lens for focusing a polarized, coherent beam to a focal point, an image input device that spatially modulates phase positioned between the lens and the focal point, and a spatial filter at the Fourier transform pattern, and a second optical subsystem overlapping the first optical subsystem includes a projection lens and a detector. The second optical subsystem is optically coupled to the first optical subsystem.

Abstract: The invention concerns the field of holographic storage units. More particularly, the invention concerns the field of holographic storage units used for bit-by-bit storage of information. It concerns a method for reading data recorded in a holographic material in the form of a hologram obtained by interference of two beams of substantially the same wavelength, and using at least one reflecting layer. The invention is characterized in that it includes the following steps: emitting a light comprising at least said wavelength at said holographic material comprising said hologram; performing a homodyne detection between the signal resulting from the first light diffracted by said hologram and at least one signal selected between the reflected signal and the signal transmitted by said at least one reflecting layer.