Abstract: A switchable polarizer includes a transparent layer and switchable material layer. The switchable material layer includes strips of a switchable material that are arranged to polarize incident light propagating through the transparent layer when the switchable material is heated to a threshold switching temperature. The incident light propagating through the transparent layer is unpolarized by the strips of the switchable material when the switchable material is below the threshold switching temperature.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to systems and methods for treating a vehicle with radiation. The system generally comprises a being detection system, one or more sanitizing lights, a surface tinting means, and at least one processor. Sanitizing radiation is emitted onto one or more surfaces of the vehicle, as well as the air of the vehicle to sanitize the vehicle. The processor allows and being detection system allow for safe sanitizations to be conducted inside the vehicle. The vehicle may be treated with safe UV-C light and/or unsafe UV-C light, depending on the presence of beings in the vehicle.

Abstract: Photochromic article having first and second opposed major surfaces comprising a first, transparent layer having first and second opposed major surfaces, the first layer comprising thermoplastic, a second, transparent layer having first and second opposed major surfaces, the second layer comprising photochromic dye and amorphous copolyester, wherein the first major surface of the second layer is adjacent to the second major surface of the first layer, and a third layer having first and second opposed major surfaces, wherein the first major surface of the third layer is adjacent to the second major surface of the second layer. Embodiments of photochromic article described herein are useful, for example in eyewear, window films, security films, decorative films, electronic devices (i.e., having a display with a photochromic article).

Abstract: Phase separated articles that include a matrix phase including an acrylate copolymer; and a silicone elastomer phase stably dispersed in the matrix phase are described. The matrix phase may be derived from precursors comprising from 60 to 95 parts by weight of an alkyl acrylate having an alkyl group having 1 to 14 carbon atoms. Methods of forming phase separated articles, and articles including phase separated articles are also described.

Abstract: A light source device includes a light source configured to emit excitation light, a phosphor which the excitation light enters, the phosphor being configured to emit fluorescence different in wavelength from the excitation light, a plurality of first nanoantennas provided to the phosphor, and a plurality of second nanoantennas provided to the phosphor. Each of the first nanoantennas is formed of metal. Each of the second nanoantennas is formed of a material higher in melting point than the metal. An arrangement area of the plurality of second nanoantennas overlaps an irradiation area with the excitation light in a plan view viewed from a normal direction of the phosphor. An electric field enhancement of the fluorescence is achieved by each of the first nanoantennas and each of the second nanoantennas.

Abstract: A light frequency standard for use as an optical clock is disclosed that is improved by optical pumping. Optical pumping is utilized to change the ground states of the atomic vapor from transition-forbidden to transition-allowed ground states involved in two-photon absorption process. Using an optical pump creates a stronger absorption line signal used for locking the laser to an absolute frequency. An optical spectrometer based upon two-photon absorption is disclosed that is improved by optical pumping, utilizing two optical pumps. The first optical pump provides photons that may combine with probe light for two-photon absorption, but it also depletes absorbing atoms that are in ground states. The second optical pump replenishes the supply of absorbing atoms into ground states allowing two-photon absorption between the first optical pump and the probe light. Two-photon absorption between the second pump light and the probe light is forbidden due to energy mismatch.

Abstract: Provided is a laminate, which has a polarizer and an optically anisotropic layer and is excellent in thermal durability, and an organic electroluminescent device and a liquid crystal display device, which include the laminate. The laminate has two substrates and a polarizing plate disposed between the two substrates, in which the polarizing plate has a polarizer and an optically anisotropic layer, the polarizer contains a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin, the optically anisotropic layer is formed of a composition containing a polymerizable liquid crystal compound represented by General Formula (I): L1-G1-D1-Ar-D2-G2-L2, a moisture permeability of the substrate is 10?3 g/m2·day or less, and a water content of the polarizing plate is 3.0 g/m2 or less.

Abstract: An electro-optic display is provided that may include a layer of light-transmissive conductive material, a substrate, a layer of an electro-optic medium disposed between the layer of conductive material and the substrate, a color filter array, and a light emitting layer. The electro-optic medium may include a photo-luminescent material that functions as either a down-converter or an up-converter that may be excited by the light received from the light emitting layer. The photo-luminescent material may be excited by radiation having a first wavelength transmitted by a filter within the color filter array and emit radiation having a second wavelength transmitted by the filter. The photo-luminescent material may also be excited by radiation at a wavelength within a first and second range of wavelengths transmitted by two filters within the color filter array and emit radiation at a wavelength within one of the first and second ranges.

Abstract: An optical assembly includes at least one substrate that provides a first curved surface and a second surface. The optical assembly also includes a beam splitter on the first curved surface, a reflector on the second surface, and an optical retarder disposed between the beam splitter and the reflector. The optical assembly is configured to receive first light at the first curved surface and reflect the first light at the reflector and subsequently, at the beam splitter before outputting the first light from the reflector. The first light is transmitted through the optical assembly at a first optical power. The optical assembly is also configured to transmit second light at a second optical power that is less than the first optical power. The second light is transmitted through peripheral portions of the beam splitter and reflector without reflection at the reflector.

Abstract: A method for selectively dropping out feature elements from a tensor in a neural network is disclosed. The method includes receiving a first tensor from a first layer of a neural network. The first tensor includes multiple feature elements arranged in a first order. A compressed mask for the first tensor is obtained. The compressed mask includes single-bit mask elements respectively corresponding to the multiple feature elements of the first tensor and has a second order that is different than the first order of their corresponding feature elements in the first tensor. Feature elements from the first tensor are selectively dropped out based on the compressed mask to form a second tensor which is propagated to a second layer of the neural network.

Abstract: An optical article, such as a spectacle lens, includes, on a substrate, a photochromic layer containing a photochromic dye and a resin component, and a protective layer. The indentation hardness of the photochromic layer in the thickness direction is in a range from 0.1 to 10 mgf/?m2. The value defined by the indentation hardness of the protective layer in the thickness direction multiplied by the thickness of the protective layer is five or more times and nine thousand or less times the value defined by the indentation hardness of the photochromic layer in the thickness direction multiplied by the thickness of the photochromic layer.

Abstract: A visible light activated ink that produces a color change when exposed to visible light is provided. The ink includes a visible light activated photochromic compound, one or more binders, additives including one or more surfactants, and a solvent. The visible light activated ink is substantially colorless in the as-deposited state and requires a visible light intensity of approximately 300 W/m2 or greater at a wavelength of approximately 400-700 nm to produce a color change.

Abstract: An article can include a non-light-emitting, variable transmission device and a coating disposed between the non-light-emitting, variable transmission device and an ambient outside the article. In an embodiment, the article has a ?E of at most 6.5. In another embodiment, the coating includes a plurality of layers including a first layer having a refractive index of at least 2.2 and a thickness of at least 10 nm. The coating can be used to help reduce color differences seen when the non-light-transmitting, variable transmission device is taken to different transmission states. In a particular embodiment, the coating can provide a good balance between color difference and luminous transmission.

Abstract: This disclosure provides connectors for smart windows. A smart window may incorporate an optically switchable pane. In one aspect, a window unit includes an insulated glass unit including an optically switchable pane. A wire assembly may be attached to the edge of the insulated glass unit and may include wires in electrical communication with electrodes of the optically switchable pane. A floating connector may be attached to a distal end of the wire assembly. The floating connector may include a flange and a nose, with two holes in the flange for affixing the floating connector to a first frame. The nose may include a terminal face that present two exposed contacts of opposite polarity.

Abstract: A lamp shade or cover that can be readily switched from a translucent-opaque mode to a transparent mode if the shade or cover from a material with transparency properties that can be modulated. A layer of liquid crystals encapsulated between transparent electrodes is included in the shade. Normally, the liquid crystals are randomly oriented and diffuse light so as to create a translucent state. When a direct current voltage is applied across the transparent electrodes, the liquid crystals become oriented and essentially transparent. Application of a pulsed or alternating current voltage can be used to modulate the degree of transparency.

Abstract: A method of detecting a geometrical phase change of an intrinsic property of a molecular isomerization includes a series of steps, such as simulating molecular isomerization of the molecule through application of a single shaped pulse to generate a molecular polarization. The steps include separating the real and imaginary parts of a nonlinear susceptibility in a detected molecular signal by controlling a phase of a reference field. The steps include assigning a phase function to obtain separation of the real and imaginary parts. Furthermore, a broadened vibrational lineshape is calculated. The step of identifying conical intersections also occurs. Various pathways of a wave packet in an excited state potential energy surface is discussed and may include multiple laser pulses and methods of detection. The spectral phase may be used to create interference of the wave packet in the excited state to identify and control a wavepacket's pathway and control photoisomerization.

Abstract: An electro-optic display is provided that may include a layer of light-transmissive conductive material, a substrate, a layer of an electro-optic medium disposed between the layer of conductive material and the substrate, a color filter array, and a light emitting layer. The electro-optic medium may include a photo-luminescent material that functions as either a down-converter or an up-converter that may be excited by the light received from the light emitting layer. The photo-luminescent material may be excited by radiation having a first wavelength transmitted by a filter within the color filter array and emit radiation having a second wavelength transmitted by the filter. The photo-luminescent material may also be excited by radiation at a wavelength within a first and second range of wavelengths transmitted by two filters within the color filter array and emit radiation at a wavelength within one of the first and second ranges.

Abstract: A photochromic ophthalmic lens may comprise a main body comprising an optical zone and a peripheral zone disposed adjacent the optical zone, wherein one or more of the optical zone and the peripheral zone comprises a photochromic dye, wherein the ophthalmic lens has a thickness profile that is configured based on cosmetic appearance associated with a target level of transmission (% T), and wherein at least a portion of the thickness profile is the same across two or more stock keeping units (SKU), each of the two or more SKU having a different target prescription.

Abstract: A vehicle window pane having a plate-like window pane body which has an outer side facing the surroundings of the vehicle and an inner side facing away from the outer side and on whose inner side a shading arrangement is disposed, the shading arrangement being formed by a liquid crystal arrangement which has a liquid crystal cell. The liquid crystal arrangement has two films between which the liquid crystal cell is disposed, and the liquid crystal arrangement is connected to the window pane body via at least one longitudinal-expansion compensation layer.

Abstract: A photochromic mixture including a photochromic material and a thermosetting transparent polymer material, which are uniformly mixed and dissolved in a solvent, is provided. A formation method of a photochromic device based on the photochromic mixture and a light-transmissive head-mounted display device with the photochromic device are further provided. In the photochromic mixture, the change in the structure of the photochromic material under UV light and room light causes a significant change in its absorption spectrum so the color changes. This property is utilized for the benefits: First, the contrast of the head-mounted display device under strong light irradiation is improved. The display effect is enhanced. Second, the damage to human eye by UV light at the natural environment is reduced. Third, under the same optical requirement, the required energy consumption of self-light-emitting elements in the light-transmissive head-mounted display device is correspondingly reduced.

Abstract: A transparent display provides eye protection from lasers and other high intensity light sources. The transparent display allows users to view objects clearly through the display while also presenting text, graphics or video on the display surface. Simultaneously, the display assembly comprises a component that provides eye protection against high power radiation sources. The transparent display with eye protection provides both protection from high power light sources and an additional cockpit display surface for presentation of information including graphical images, symbology, video, text, and other data.

Abstract: The present invention is directed towards a display element comprising a photochromic-dichroic compound and a dichroic compound, the display element having a first absorption state and a second absorption state and being operable for switching from the first absorption state to the second absorption state in response to actinic radiation and to revert back to the first absorption state in response to actinic radiation and/or thermal energy, wherein the first absorption state has a transmittance percentage of 50% to 80%, and the second absorption state has a transmittance percentage of 10% to 50%. The invention is further directed to display devices comprising the display element, and methods of making the display element.

Abstract: An optical modulation device and an apparatus including the same are provided. The optical modulation device may include a reflector, a nano-antenna array placed opposite to the reflector, and an active layer that is placed between the reflector and the nano-antenna array. The optical modulation device may further include a first insulating layer placed between the reflector and the active layer, a second insulating layer placed between the active layer and the nano-antenna array, and a wiring structure that electrically contacts the active layer. The wiring structure may be provided in at least one of a first place between the active layer and the first insulating layer and a second place between the active layer and the second insulating layer.

Abstract: A lamp includes a variable transmissive film and a light source arranged to transmit light through the variable transmissive film. The variable transmissive film includes an encapsulated dispersion containing a plurality of electrically charged particles and a fluid, the charged particles being movable by application of an electric field and capable of being switched between an open state and a closed state. In some embodiments, one portion of the variable transmission film is in the open state and one portion is in the closed state, thereby allowing light from the source to be shaped, e.g., into a spotlight.

Abstract: The present invention discloses the spiropyran compound of formula (I), process for preparation thereof and a composition comprising spiropyran compound of formula (I) on a support, wherein said support selected from polymers such as Poly (ethylene oxide), Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), Ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM).

Abstract: An optical transceiver includes an optical transmitter and an optical receiver. The optical transmitter includes a laser diode configured to convert a current signal into an optical signal; a main driver comprising first and second output terminals that have a differential structure, the main driver configured to drive the first and second output terminals in response to differential input signals and to provide the current signal to the laser diode through the first output terminal; and an impedance balancer configured to match impedances of the first and second output terminals by adjusting the impedance of the second output terminal according to signal states of the first and second output terminals.

Abstract: A system for performing a scanning session of a patient's body, the system comprising: a radiation source; a radiation sensor; a patient positioner for placing the patient between the radiation source and the radiation sensor in a fixed position during each scan; at least one Pseudo-Random Grid (PRG) comprising randomly spaced perpendicular gridlines, the PRG being at least partially radiopaque and positioned between the radiation source and the radiation sensor in a fixed manner with respect to the patient positioner during the scanning session, wherein at least one of said radiation source and said radiation sensor is configured to move independently, and wherein at least one of said radiation source and said radiation sensor is moved to multiple different positions during the scanning session such that energy emitted from the radiation source passes through said PRG and said patient's body and collected by a surface of said radiation sensor.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure provide for mechanisms for fabricating light extraction structures for semiconductor devices (e.g., light-emitting devices). In accordance with some embodiments, a semiconductor device is provided. The semiconductor device may include: a first semiconductor layer including an epitaxial layer of a semiconductor material; a second semiconductor layer comprising an active layer; and a light-reflection layer configured to cause at least a portion of light produced by the active layer to emerge from the semiconductor device via a surface of the second semiconductor layer, wherein the light-reflection layer is positioned between the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer. In some embodiments, the semiconductor material includes gallium nitride. In some embodiments, the light-reflection layer includes a layer of gallium.

Abstract: Embodiments of 3D imaging systems that use a multifunctional, nano structured metalens to replace the conventional microlens array in light field imaging are disclosed. The optical focusing properties of the metalenses provided by gradient metasurface optical elements. The gradient metasurfaces allow the properties of the elements of the metalens array to be changed by tuning the gradient metasurfaces.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a flexible display device, wherein there is a flexible support structure fixed on a surface of the flexible display module, which is used to disperse stress. During use of the flexible display device, the flexible support structure can be used to disperse the point force or linear force that the flexible display device is subject to when being bent into even planar force. Besides, the flexible support structure can reduce the stress exerted on the flexible display module, avoiding delamination among the film layers caused by local stress concentration on the flexible display module. In addition, given the same thickness of the flexible display module, the flexible display device can be bent to a smaller bending radius.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose a photochromic lens module, a camera, and a terminal device. The photochromic lens module includes a lens module and a photochromic thin film. The lens module includes a first surface and a second surface. When the first surface is an incident surface, the second surface is a refractive surface; when the second surface is an incident surface, the first surface is a refractive surface. The photochromic thin film includes a first area and a second area. The photochromic thin film covers the first surface or the second surface. The first area uses a negative photochromic material, and the second area uses a positive photochromic material. By means of the embodiments of the present invention, a lens module can be effectively protected.

Abstract: An automobile headlamp comprising a light source; a photochromic lens; and a one-way mirror positioned between the light source and the photochromic lens such that when viewing the light source through the photochromic lens, the one-way mirror conceals at least a portion of the light source.

Abstract: A multilayer photochromic article can include a photochromic substrate, which may include a first photochromic layer defining a surface of the substrate, and a second photochromic layer positioned between the surface of the photochromic substrate and a source of actinic radiation, and in which the photochromic substrate and the second photochromic layer are selected such that the fade half-life of the photochromic substrate or the half-life of the first photochromic layer defining the surface of the substrate are greater than the fade half-life of the second photochromic layer.

Abstract: Variable transmittance optical filters capable of transitioning from a light state to a dark state on exposure to UV radiation and from a dark state to a light state with application of an electric voltage are provided. The optical filters comprise a switching material that comprises one or more chromophores that have electrochromic and photochromic properties.

Abstract: A system includes a master oscillator configured to generate a low-power optical beam. The system also includes a planar waveguide (PWG) amplifier configured to generate a high-power optical beam using the low-power optical beam. The PWG amplifier has a larger dimension in a slow-axis direction and a smaller dimension in a fast-axis direction. The system further includes at least one adaptive optic (AO) element configured to modify the low-power optical beam along the slow-axis direction and to modify the low-power optical beam along the fast-axis direction. In addition, the system includes a feedback loop configured to control the at least one AO element. The modification in the slow-axis direction can compensate for thermal-based distortions created by the PWG amplifier, and the modification in the fast-axis direction can compensate for optical misalignment associated with the master oscillator and the PWG amplifier.

Abstract: A multi-pane window having a low emissivity layer and a photochromic glass. The window includes at least two panes of glass. An outside pane for interaction with the outdoors and an inside pane spaced apart from the outside pane. The outside pane includes a low emissivity coating. The inside pane includes a photochromic glass. The outside pane transmits solar light wavelengths. The photochromic glass is darkened upon exposure to light transmitted by the outside pane.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical device (100) and a use of the optical device (100). The optical device (100) comprises: —a source electrode (2); —a drain electrode (4); —a gap area (6) between the source electrode (2) and the drain electrode (4); —a cluster (8) being positioned in the gap area (6) for connecting and disconnecting the source electrode (2) and the drain electrode (4) and for changing optical and/or plasmonic properties of the gap area (6); and an optical coupling element (10) for bringing light into and out of the gap area (6).

Abstract: Optical device with an optical substrate and a multi-functional layer fixed thereon, the layer including plural multi-functional areas, each said area including a first group and a second group of functional dots and disposed within a certain rectangular area, the first group having a first composition and a first functionality, the first functionality selected from an anti-reflectance, anti-scratch, anti-fog, ultraviolet absorber, and photochromic functionality; the second group having a second composition and a second functionality, the second functionality selected from the same group as above, the second group differs with respect to the first functionality, or with respect to the first composition, or wherein within at least one multi-functional area, the first group has a height H1, the second group has a height H2, where H2>k*H1, with k being at least 1.05.

Abstract: The present application discloses a display panel having a subpixel region and an inter-subpixel region. The display panel includes a base substrate; and a photochromic layer on the base substrate at least partially in the subpixel region for preventing light leakage in the subpixel region.

Abstract: A system for performing a scanning session of a patient's body, the system comprising: a radiation source; a radiation sensor; a patient positioner for placing the patient between the radiation source and the radiation sensor in a fixed position during each scan; at least one Pseudo-Random Grid (PRG) comprising randomly spaced perpendicular gridlines, the PRG being at least partially radiopaque and positioned between the radiation source and the radiation sensor in a fixed manner with respect to the patient positioner during the scanning session, wherein at least one of said radiation source and said radiation sensor is configured to move independently, and wherein at least one of said radiation source and said radiation sensor is moved to multiple different positions during the scanning session such that energy emitted from the radiation source passes through said PRG and said patient's body and collected by a surface of said radiation sensor.

Abstract: In an optical field enhancement device in which localized plasmon is induced on a surface through illumination of excitation light and intensity of signal light emitted, by the illumination, from a sample placed on the surface is enhanced, forming sharp-edged petal-like fine uneven structures disposed at random on a substrate, and forming plate-like metal fine structures on tip portions of the sharp-edged petal-like fine uneven structures by depositing a metal from an oblique direction with respect to a direction perpendicular to a plane of the substrate on which the sharp-edged petal-like fine uneven structures are formed.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes various vehicle window assemblies including a photochromic window and a mounting assembly surrounding at least part of the window. The mounting assembly may be sized and configured for mounting to the cabin of a vehicle. The photochromic window may include a region configured to at least partially inhibit transmission of light in a visible, IR or UV frequency range upon exposure to a level of light.

Abstract: A system for performing a scanning session of a patient's body, the system comprising: a radiation source; a radiation sensor; a patient positioner for placing the patient between the radiation source and the radiation sensor in a fixed position during each scan; at least one Pseudo-Random Grid (PRG) comprising randomly spaced perpendicular gridlines, the PRG being at least partially radiopaque and positioned between the radiation source and the radiation sensor in a fixed manner with respect to the patient positioner during the scanning session, wherein at least one of said radiation source and said radiation sensor is configured to move independently, and wherein at least one of said radiation source and said radiation sensor is moved to multiple different positions during the scanning session such that energy emitted from the radiation source passes through said PRG and said patient's body and collected by a surface of said radiation sensor.

Abstract: A system may include a composite structure and a light source. The composite structure may include a matrix having a matrix refractive index, a plurality of fibers embedded in the matrix, and a light-reactive material in the matrix. The light source may be capable of emitting light of an activation wavelength that induces a reaction in the light-reactive material causing a change in the matrix refractive index.

Abstract: An electromagnetic energy-absorbing optical product useful particularly for automotive and architectural window films is disclosed. The electromagnetic energy-absorbing optical product includes a polymeric substrate and a composite coating with the composite coating including first and second layers each containing a binding group component which together form a complimentary binding group pair.

Abstract: An electromagnetic energy-absorbing optical product useful as a composite for coloring an opaque article such as a paint composite or car wrap is disclosed. The electromagnetic energy-absorbing optical product includes a polymeric substrate and a composite coating with the composite coating including first and second layers each containing a binding group component which together form a complimentary binding group pair.

Abstract: Variable transmittance optical filters capable of transitioning from a light state to a dark state on exposure to UV radiation and from a dark state to a light state with application of an electric voltage are provided. The optical filters comprise a switching material that comprises one or more chromophores that have electrochromic and photochromic properties.

Abstract: An electromagnetic energy-absorbing optical product useful particularly for automotive and architectural window films is disclosed. The electromagnetic energy-absorbing optical product includes a polymeric substrate and a composite coating with the composite coating including first and second layers each containing a binding group component which together form a complimentary binding group pair.

Abstract: A virtual reality glasses assembly is provided. The assembly includes virtual reality glasses having lenses. The assembly further includes light attenuating filters at least one of applied to and incorporated into the lenses that automatically maintain or increase a contrast of a projected virtual reality image and prevent ultraviolet light overexposure by adjusting an amount of light passing through the lenses. Each of the light attenuating filters has one or more respective photochromic filters and one or more respective ultraviolet filters. The assembly also includes light attenuating shutters at least one of applied to and incorporated into the lenses that automatically or manually further maintain or increase the contrast of the projected virtual reality image by further adjusting the amount of light passing through the lenses.

Abstract: A photochromic optical article is provided, which includes: an optical substrate; a photochromic layer over a surface of the optical substrate, wherein the photochromic layer includes a photochromic compound; and a protective layer over the photochromic layer, wherein the protective layer includes a matrix that includes residues of an ethylenically unsaturated radically polymerizable material that includes at least one allophanate group. A method of forming the photochromic optical article is also provided.