Abstract: Aspects of the present invention include a device and system for providing reflective electrochromic switching devices having an optically reflective layer with at least one electrochromic material, a substrate, and an excitation means and controller for transmitting received light in association with transmissivity of the reflective layer at a predetermined time. The devices may be used in an array or system format to provide improved display resolutions in a manner where the devices are fixedly mounted in relation to an emitting light source.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for presenting three-dimensional content on a display. An exemplary system for presenting a plurality of frames on a display comprises a first lens, a second lens, and an activation system. The activation system utilizes electromagnetic radiation to activate the first lens when a respective frame being presented on the display corresponds to the first lens, resulting in the first lens being substantially transparent and the second lens being substantially opaque, and to activate the second lens when a respective frame being presented on the display corresponds to the second lens, resulting in the second lens being substantially transparent and the first lens being substantially opaque.

Abstract: A thin black mask is created using a single mask process. A dielectric layer is deposited over a substrate. An absorber layer is deposited over the dielectric layer and a reflector layer is deposited over the absorber layer. The absorber layer and the reflector layer are patterned using a single mask process.

Abstract: A projection type display apparatus is provided that is safe even when a person looks directly into a laser beam. A laser operation control unit sets the output power of at least one laser source so that intensity A (mW/mm2) of the laser beam on at least one spatial light modulation element satisfies relationship of A<686×B2 when numerical aperture B on image side of an illumination optics system is set.

Abstract: An image projecting apparatus enables the formation of a projected image faithful to original image information by reducing degradation in the projected image due to decrease in imaging performance of a projection optical system. Image information is processed by an image processing device, which includes a first and a second image processor. A light modulating device modulates a flux of light emitted by an illumination optical system based on the processed image information. The modulated flux of light is projected on a screen by a projection optical system. If the image information processed by the first image processor in a pixel region is not within a representable modulation range of the light modulating device, the image information is processed by the second image processor.

Abstract: The invention provides a display method for displaying an image by deposition of metal fine particles. The display method includes at least depositing metal fine particles, from an electrolytic solution that has at least a metal ion of the metal particles and that is provided between a pair of substrates having at least one translucent substrate, onto a surface of any one of the pair of substrates by imparting one stimulus. A concentration of the metal ion of the metal fine particles in the electrolytic solution after imparting the stimulus is about 200 mmol/l or less. The invention further provides a display device which uses the display method.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device, including a substrate, an organic light-emitting element on the substrate, a sealing member on the organic light-emitting element, a ¼ wavelength layer on one surface of the substrate, the organic light-emitting element, or the sealing member, and a linear polarization layer on one surface of the substrate, the organic light-emitting element, the sealing member, or the ¼ wavelength layer, the linear polarization layer being closer to an image display surface than the ¼ wavelength layer.

Abstract: The device includes optical elements such as microlenses or optical fibers that are printed with liquid ink, by known scanning printing techniques such as for example flexography. Each optical element (11, 12, 13, 14) has a transparent core (111, 121, 131, 141) printed by a first ink layer, that is sufficiently distant from the closest cores so as not to amalgamate with them by coalescence, before being hardened. This core (111, 121, 131, 141) is then covered with one or several so-called additional layers (112, 113, 122, 123, 132, 133, 142, 143) which can be flat tint layers in order to finalize the shape of the optical element in question. The section of the optical elements is determined by the difference in surface tension between said additional layers (112, 113, 122, 123, 132, 133, 142, 143) and the printing substrate (10).

Abstract: Disclosed are apparatus and methods for fabricating a static interferometric display device. A plurality of sputtering modules is used to form static interferometric elements on a substrate. These elements each have a plurality of interferometric sub-elements that each has an interferometric stack. A first sub-element of each element is formed so that an interferometric modulation of light due to the first element's stack transmits at a first color, and a second sub-element of each element is formed so that a second color is transmitted. The sub-elements of each element are arranged with respect to each other so that all of the elements appear as a third color to a user if all the sub-elements of each element are left unmasked. A printing system is then used to mask one or more sub-elements of one or more elements so as to form, with the elements, a static image having multiple colors.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a light source configured to provide a path of light and a spatial light modulator located in the path of light and configured to modulate the light source. Relay optics are configured to receive the modulated light from the spatial light modulator and to project a computer generated image to a nominal image plane. The light source is configured to illuminate the spatial light modulator with collimated light.

Abstract: Glazing comprising, in succession: a first rigid substrate (S1); a second rigid substrate (S2); a third rigid substrate (S3); at least one “active” system (A) that includes at least one layer and is placed between the substrates (S1 and S2), the first substrate (S1) optionally being set back in relation to the other two substrates (S2, S3); and at least one polymer film having the function of retaining glazing fragments should the glazing break, said film being placed between the substrate (S1) and the substrate (S2) and between the substrate (S2) and the substrate (S3).

Abstract: A writing device includes a display panel, a stylus, a transparent first electrode layer and a second electrode layer. The display panel includes a displaying layer and a first light source. The displaying layer consists essentially of a photochromic material reversibly transformable between a first state of an electroluminescent material, and a second state of a non-electroluminescent material. The first light source is configured for emitting light to the displaying layer to transform the displaying layer into the second state. The stylus includes a second light source configured for emitting light to illuminate portions of the displaying layer, thus transforming the illuminated portions of the displaying layer into the first state. The first and second electrode layers attached on opposite sides of the displaying layer are configured to excite the illuminated portions of the displaying layer in the first state to emit light.

Abstract: The invention is a multi-color display screen that has built in optical memory for each pixel location. The optical memory is optically read and optically programmed. The screen itself distinguishes between the specific colors from which a full-color (or multi-color) image is constructed and modulates the intensities of the component colors that it directs toward a viewer. The screen provides enhanced image resolution and reduces information bandwidth required to control the display the image.

Abstract: A backplane for use in an electro-optic display comprises a patterned metal foil having a plurality of apertures extending therethrough, coated on at least side with an insulating polymeric material and having a plurality of thin film electronic devices provided on the insulating polymeric material.

Abstract: Embodiments of exemplary MEMS interferometric modulators are arranged at intersections of rows and columns of electrodes. In certain embodiments, the column electrode has a lower electrical resistance than the row electrode. A driving circuit applies a potential difference of a first polarity across electrodes during a first phase and then quickly transition to applying a bias voltage having a polarity opposite to the first polarity during a second phase. In certain embodiments, an absolute value of the difference between the voltages applied to the row electrode is less than an absolute value of the difference between the voltages applied to the column electrode during the first and second phases.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display device is described. The device includes a substrate, first electrodes, an electrophoretic film having electrophoretic particles, and second electrodes. The substrate is has a plurality of pixel regions. First electrodes are disposed respectively on each pixel region, and include first patterns separated from one another and second patterns connected to the first patterns. The second electrode is disposed on the electrophoretic film. The area of one of the electrodes, opposing the other of the electrodes has apertures formed therein, reducing the contact area between the electrode and the electrophoretic film.

Abstract: A stereo projection optical system includes a first polarizing beam splitter, a transmission-type light modulator positioned to receive the first polarized light component from the first polarizing light splitter and an image assimilator positioned to receive an emergent light of the transmission-type light modulator. The image assimilator includes a second polarized light splitter and first, second reflective spatial light modulators. The stereo projection optical systems provide viewers three-dimensional images formed by two alternative polarization light beams whose polarizations are perpendicular to each other utilizing the transmission-type light modulators to form “3-D” images.

Abstract: A display includes an array of light modulators that define a display plane, a light guide and front- and rear-facing reflective surfaces. The light guide includes a plurality of geometric light redirectors, and at least 50% of the light guide's rear surface is parallel to the display plane. The rear-facing reflective surface is parallel to the display plane and includes a plurality of apertures.

Abstract: The present invention provides a display apparatus, comprising: a light source; at least one spatial light modulator for modulating a luminous flux emitted from the light source; and controller for processing video image information, which is input, and controlling the light source and the spatial light modulator, wherein the controller controls the light source and the spatial light modulator so as to perform pulse emission of the light source during a period shorter than a period in which the spatial light modulator is controlled under a modulation state and also controls the light source so as to modulate the pulse emission during a period shorter than a period in which the spatial light modulator is controlled under a modulation state.

Abstract: A projection apparatus for scanningly projecting an image onto an image field by means of a radiation beam includes a modulator for modulating an intensity of the radiation beam such that the intensity of the radiation beam changes in a time interval during which a scan point to which the radiation beam is directed sweeps a pixel of the image field.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus includes a plate-like separation optical element having a dichroic surface and a PBS surface. The dichroic surface reflects green component light and transmits yellow component light. The PBS surface transmits P polarization component light and reflects S polarization component light. The separation optical element combines red component light entering from a certain direction and transmitted through the dichroic surface, with yellow component light entering from a different direction and reflected by the PBS surface, and leads a combined light towards a red liquid crystal panel. The separation optical element combines green component light entering from the certain direction and reflected by the dichroic surface, with yellow component light entering from the different direction and transmitted through the PBS surface, and leads a combined light towards a green liquid crystal panel.

Abstract: An electro-optic display comprises, in order, a backplane comprising a plurality of pixel electrodes; a layer of a solid electro-optic medium; a main adhesive layer; and at least one of a light-transmissive protective layer and a light-transmissive electrically-conductive layer. The electro-optic layer may be in direct contact with the backplane or separated therefrom by a thin auxiliary layer of adhesive. The main adhesive layer may be colored to provide a color filter array. An inverted front plane laminate useful in forming such a display comprises the same layers except that the backplane is replaced by a release sheet. The display combines good low temperature performance and good resolution at higher temperatures.

Abstract: A controllably displayable motor vehicle window is (20) disclosed provided with at least one optically transmittable glass or plastic panel (22) and an electrically actuated variable light transmission medium (24, 25) disposed in close proximity to the at least one glass or plastic panel. The image displayed on the vehicle window (20) is controllable in response to the electric field generated by a control device (95) in communication with the variable light transmission medium and with a user input device (101-105, 107) A method of advertising or messaging using the controllably displayable motor vehicle window is also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a light source configured to provide a path of light and a spatial light modulator located in the path of light and configured to modulate the light source. Relay optics are configured to receive the modulated light from the spatial light modulator and to project a computer generated image to a nominal image plane. The light source is configured to illuminate the spatial light modulator with collimated light.

Abstract: An image display device having an optical modulation element, which modulates light emitted from a light source according to display information, and displaying a display image based on the display information includes: a unit adjusting the amount of illumination light with respect to light emitted from the light source on the basis of brightness information on the brightness of the display image based on the display information; a color conversion processing unit that performs a color conversion process according to the brightness information with respect to the display information so that the display image can be color-reproduced within a predetermined color space; and a display and driving unit that drives the optical modulation element on the basis of the display information having been subjected to the color conversion process so as to display the display image.

Abstract: An image display device having an optical modulation element, which modulates light emitted from a light source according to display information, and displaying a display image based on the display information includes: a unit adjusting the amount of illumination light with respect to light emitted from the light source on the basis of brightness information on the brightness of the display image based on the display information; a color conversion processing unit that performs a color conversion process according to the brightness information with respect to the display information so that the display image can be color-reproduced within a predetermined color space; and a display and driving unit that drives the optical modulation element on the basis of the display information having been subjected to the color conversion process so as to display the display image.

Abstract: An image generation unit with an illumination unit for generating a plurality of coherent sub-beams and for illuminating an image modulator, including a light source, and a projection lens for superimposing each of the coherent sub-beams onto a projection screen plane. An optical set-up introduces angles between each two of the sub-beams, which are chosen to produce uncorrelated speckle patterns in the projection screen plane, resulting in an interference speckle pattern. A phase modulator including a liquid crystal cell changes its directory profile in a lateral manner, thereby being able to change the phase of light of each sub-beam individually.

Abstract: A method of forming a multijunction solar cell including an upper subcell, a middle subcell, and a lower subcell, including providing first substrate for the epitaxial growth of semiconductor material; forming a first solar subcell on the substrate having a first band gap; forming a second solar subcell over the first solar subcell having a second band gap smaller than the first band gap; forming a grading interlayer over the second subcell, the grading interlayer having a third band gap greater than the second band gap; and forming a third solar subcell over the grading interlayer having a fourth band gap smaller than the second band gap such that the third subcell is lattice mis-matched with respect to the second subcell, wherein at least one of the bases of a solar subcell has an exponentially doped profile.

Abstract: Provided are a speckle removing light source capable of removing speckle by using laser light whose wavelength is temporally changed and a lighting apparatus for producing an image from which the speckle is removed. Included are a light source for outputting laser light, and a light frequency modulator for temporally changing a wavelength of the laser light. The light frequency modulator has a predetermined period set for changing the wavelength of the laser light. Also, provided is a lighting apparatus, including a spatial light modulator illuminated with the laser light outputted from the speckle removing light source to produce an image. The spatial light modulator has a period set for producing the image, which is longer than the period for changing the wavelength of the laser light by the light frequency modulator.

Abstract: A display drive device comprises a display element being colored by injecting an electric charge into an electrolyte via an display electrode due to an oxidation-deoxidization reaction and being decolored by injecting an electric charge having an inverse polarity of the electric charge into the electrolyte, at least one constant current supply circuit which supplies a constant current as a decoloration current pulse having a predetermined pulse width to the display electrode upon the decoloration, a voltage detection circuit which detects a voltage value generated in the display electrode, and a control circuit which controls an operation of the constant current supply circuit intermittently and repeatedly supplying the decoloration current pulse from the constant current supply circuit to the display electrode upon the decoloration, and ending the decoloration on the basis of a voltage value to be detected by the voltage detection circuit.

Abstract: A display medium initialization device includes: a case containing an irradiation unit that irradiates light to an optical-recording-type display medium configured to display an image according to irradiated light; a light-taking unit that takes outside light into the case from outside the case; and a light-guiding unit that guides the outside light taken by the light-taking unit to the irradiation unit.

Abstract: A display device including a color filter having a multiple types of electrochromic dyes disposed on a pixel by pixel basis, the electrochromic dyes allowing reversible coloring or decoloring, and a light quantity control element for controlling an amount of light emitted to the electrochromatic dyes of the color filter.

Abstract: A polarizer includes a base; a grid formed on the base; and low-reflective members formed on surfaces of the grid. The low-reflective members face an incident direction of an external light, so that a bright room contrast and a visibility can be improved.

Abstract: A substrate for an electrooptic device comprising a light-transmissive base member, a reflection layer formed on the base member so as to include each reflection portion and a corresponding transmission portion having a transmission factor higher than that of the reflection portion, a light transmission layer formed over the base member so as to coincide with the reflection layer and to include each hollow at a position that coincides with the transmission portion in plane, and an orientation film formed over the base member so as to coincide with the light transmission layer and to define a concavity while entering the corresponding hollow. The thickness “b” of a liquid crystal layer corresponding to the concavity is greater than the thickness “a” of the liquid crystal layer at the other positions thereof.

Abstract: An optical filter and a plasma display device having the same is provided. The optical filter includes a support layer. A photochromic pattern has pattern elements spaced apart on a surface of the support layer and has a light transmission characteristic wherein light transmission is changeable according to the intensity of external light.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a first member, a second member and a flexure. The flexure has a central portion connected to the first member, outer portions connected to the second member and an intermediate portion spaced from the first member and the second member.

Abstract: A scanned beam display is operable to compensate for variations in apparent pixel brightness arising from variations in beam scanning velocity and/or pixel dwell times. A compensation circuit modifies pixel values according to their scanning velocity and/or dwell time.

Abstract: A thin black mask is created using a single mask process. A dielectric layer is deposited over a substrate. An absorber layer is deposited over the dielectric layer and a reflector layer is deposited over the absorber layer. The absorber layer and the reflector layer are patterned using a single mask process.

Abstract: The invention is directed to compositions and methods for improving the physicomechanical and electro-optical properties of an electrophoretic or liquid crystal display and also to semi-finished or finished display panels with improved physicomechanical properties.

Abstract: A microlouver has, as a basic unit, a light-controlling layer in which a light-absorbing layer and a transparent layer are laminated together, and a plurality of basic units L and S comprising a plurality of types of light-controlling layers having different layer thicknesses or optical constants, disposed in the direction of the layer thickness of the basic units. The array mode of the basic units L and S is determined based on a random number or a sequence-generating rule. For this reason, the microlouver has a large number of frequency components in terms of spatial frequency, and moire fringes that have a specific period and are normally caused by the interference with other optical elements are therefore prevented from occurring.

Abstract: To provide a display device which includes: a display electrode; a counter electrode provided to face the display electrode; a display layer provided on the counter electrode-side surface of the display electrode; and an electrolyte provided between the display electrode and the counter electrode, wherein the display layer comprises conductive or semi-conductive fine particles, the fine particles comprise an insulating or semi-conductive substance attached to the surface thereof, and the fine particles carry an organic electrochromic compound.

Abstract: An image display device having an optical modulation element, which modulates light emitted from a light source according to display information, and displaying a display image based on the display information includes: a unit adjusting the amount of illumination light with respect to light emitted from the light source on the basis of brightness information on the brightness of the display image based on the display information; a color conversion processing unit that performs a color conversion process according to the brightness information with respect to the display information so that the display image can be color-reproduced within a predetermined color space; and a display and driving unit that drives the optical modulation element on the basis of the display information having been subjected to the color conversion process so as to display the display image.

Abstract: An image display device having an optical modulation element, which modulates light emitted from a light source according to display information, and displaying a display image based on the display information includes: a unit adjusting the amount of illumination light with respect to light emitted from the light source on the basis of brightness information on the brightness of the display image based on the display information; a color conversion processing unit that performs a color conversion process according to the brightness information with respect to the display information so that the display image can be color-reproduced within a predetermined color space; and a display and driving unit that drives the optical modulation element on the basis of the display information having been subjected to the color conversion process so as to display the display image.

Abstract: The image display device of the present invention includes: a display layer that comprises a photochromic compound and whose regions, which have been irradiated with visible light, can be optically rewritten in a color corresponding to the color of visible light irradiated thereon; a light-emitting layer in which multiple luminescent elements are arranged in a matrix pattern, the elements irradiating visible light to each different region of the display layer by emitting light; and a drive unit provided with an obtaining unit that obtains image data. Based on image data obtained with the obtaining unit, the drive unit drives each luminescent element corresponding to each pixel of an image according to the image data to irradiate the visible light of a color corresponding to each pixel of the image of the image data.

Abstract: An image display device having an optical modulation element, which modulates light emitted from a light source according to display information, and displaying a display image based on the display information includes: a unit adjusting the amount of illumination light with respect to light emitted from the light source on the basis of brightness information on the brightness of the display image based on the display information; a color conversion processing unit that performs a color conversion process according to the brightness information with respect to the display information so that the display image can be color-reproduced within a predetermined color space; and a display and driving unit that drives the optical modulation element on the basis of the display information having been subjected to the color conversion process so as to display the display image.

Abstract: A display device includes an optical region containing a plurality of pigment grains. Each of the plurality of pigment grains formed by a plurality of pigment molecules encapsulated in an inorganic material, and each of the plurality of pigment grains has a grain size not greater than 70 nm.

Abstract: An electrically controlled light modulator device comprises at least one cell, where two deformable dielectric layers meet at an interface, at least one of said layers consisting of viscoelastic relief forming gel. A first support electrode structure and a second signal electrode structures are arranged on separate sides of the dielectric layers in order to create an electric field passing through said layers and in order to create surface reliefs on the viscoelastic gel layer. According to the invention, a third enhancement electrode structure is arranged in the proximity of the first signal electrode structure. Applying enhancement signal voltage between the enhancement electrode structure and the signal electrode structure concentrates locally the electric field passing through the two deformable dielectric layers and therefore enhances the amplitude of the deformation of the viscoelastic gel layer.

Abstract: An optical scanning device has: a first optical system for converting a flux of light that has been emitted from a light source into another flux of light; a second optical system for focusing the flux of light that has been converted by the first optical system as a linear image elongated in the main scanning direction; deflecting means for reflecting and deflecting the flux of light that has left the second optical system; and a third optical system for guiding the flux of light that has been deflected by the deflecting means onto a surface to be scanned. The flux of light emitted from the light source is entered into a deflection surface of the deflecting means at a limited angle in the sub-scanning section and, by setting parameters in a manner that satisfies a given condition, the pitch unevenness can effectively be reduced in the optical systems.

Abstract: A projection system having a prescribed relationship between the condenser and the projection lens is disclosed, where an imager gate normally coinciding with a projection object plane is between and spaced away from a condenser back focal plane and a condenser image plane. The condenser images an extended source onto the condenser image plane. A pixilated panel or film defining a graphic image is located at the imager gate. The magnification of the condenser is chosen so the image of the source is essentially the same size as the pixilated panel. Positioning the imager gate away from the condenser image plane provides blurring of any brightness non-uniformities across the area of the source, providing a relatively uniform illumination pattern whose outer shape matches the shape of the imager gate.

Abstract: A display device comprising the following arranged from light input side in the order listed below: a first reflector having a semi-transmissive and semi-reflective property; a translucent porous body having a plurality of pores in which a translucent material is filled, each of the pores having a substantially smaller diameter than the wavelength of input light; and a second reflector having a perfect reflection property, or a semi-transmissive and semi-reflective property. The average complex refractive index of the translucent porous body is changeable with respect to each display dot, and the wavelength of light absorbed by the translucent porous body is changeable with respect to each display dot according to the average complex refractive index. In this way, the input light is modulatable, and the modulated light is outputted from the first reflector and/or the second reflector to perform image display.