Abstract: A method of operating an electrochromic device comprising: coupling a logic device to the electrochromic device; applying a voltage to the electrochromic device; receiving a current from the electrochromic device in response to the provided voltage; and with the logic device, determining an exact operating condition of the electrochromic device from the received current. A method of operating a plurality of electrochromic devices comprising: adjusting a frequency of voltage applied to the plurality of electrochromic devices, wherein each of the plurality of electrochromic devices is adjusted by a different frequency; measuring a duration of time required to change tint states of each of the electrochromic devices; and identifying a location of each of the plurality of electrochromic devices in response to the measured duration of time required to change the tint states of each of the electrochromic device.

Abstract: Electrochromic devices and methods may employ the addition of a defect-mitigating insulating layer which prevents electronically conducting layers and/or electrochromically active layers from contacting layers of the opposite polarity and creating a short circuit in regions where defects form. In some embodiments, an encapsulating layer is provided to encapsulate particles and prevent them from ejecting from the device stack and risking a short circuit when subsequent layers are deposited. The insulating layer may have an electronic resistivity of between about 1 and 108 Ohm-cm. In some embodiments, the insulating layer contains one or more of the following metal oxides: aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, silicon aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, tungsten oxide, nickel tungsten oxide, and oxidized indium tin oxide. Carbides, nitrides, oxynitrides, and oxycarbides may also be used.

Abstract: Thin-film devices, for example electrochromic devices for windows, and methods of manufacturing are described. Particular focus is given to methods of patterning optical devices. Various edge deletion and isolation scribes are performed, for example, to ensure the optical device has appropriate isolation from any edge defects. Methods described herein apply to any thin-film device having one or more material layers sandwiched between two thin film electrical conductor layers. The described methods create novel optical device configurations.

Abstract: A method includes detecting at least one remote vehicle that is within a predetermined distance from the host vehicle, detecting that the light of the remote vehicle that is on, determining a luminous intensity of a light beam emitted by the light of at least one remote vehicle that is within the predetermined distance from the host vehicle, comparing the luminous intensity of the light beam emitted by the light of at least one remote vehicle to a predetermined threshold to determine whether the luminous intensity of the light beam emitted by the light is greater than the predetermined threshold in response to determining the luminous intensity of the light of at least one remote vehicle that is within the predetermined distance from the host vehicle, and dimming at least a portion of the windshield of the host vehicle.

Abstract: Various embodiments herein relate to networks of electrochromic windows. The networks may be configured in particular ways to minimize the likelihood that the windows on the network draw more power than can be provided. The network may include particular hardware components that provide additional power to windows as needed. The network may also be configured to adjust how the windows therein transition to prevent overloading the network. The techniques described herein can be used to design networks of electrochromic windows that are undersized when considering the amount of power that would be needed to simultaneously transition all the windows on the network using normal transition parameters, while still allowing simultaneous transitions to occur.

Abstract: A radiative cooling device, and a method of manufacturing the same, includes a reflective layer disposed on a substrate and responsible for reflecting sunlight having wavelengths corresponding to ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared regions; and a radiative cooling layer disposed on the reflective layer and responsible for absorbing sunlight having a wavelength corresponding to a mid-infrared region and emitting the sunlight as heat, wherein the radiative cooling layer includes a first radiation layer including an uneven pattern; and a second radiation layer disposed on the first radiation layer and having a refractive index different from that of the first radiation layer.

Abstract: Systems and methods provide technology for a tunable vehicle window system to adjust a view for a window. The technology includes a window assembly comprising a tunable optical metamaterial deployed on a surface of a window, the tunable optical metamaterial including a transparent electroactive substrate having disposed thereon an optically active particle array, the optically active particle array including resonators having elongated members arranged in two or more orientations. The technology includes a controller to receive a signal from a photosensor indicative of a condition of incoming light to the vehicle, determine a change in a view for the window assembly based on the received photosensor signal, and control a voltage applied to the substrate to selectively expand or contract the substrate within a plane substantially parallel to the window surface and in a manner to adjust the view for the window assembly according to the determined view change.

Abstract: A method of controlling smart windows with dynamic tenancy, performed by a control system is provided. The method includes coupling a control system having a plurality of smart windows each having one or more electrochromic devices, to a plurality of remote devices, and managing, in the control system, configurable smart window groups each having in membership one or more of the plurality of smart windows. The method includes managing, in the control system, configurable user groups each having in membership one or more of a plurality of users in association with the smart window groups, and controlling transmissivity of the electrochromic devices of the plurality of smart windows in accordance with the configurable smart window groups, the configurable user groups and the plurality of remote devices.

Abstract: A multi-layer device comprising a first substrate, a first electrically conductive layer and a first current modulating structure on a surface thereof, the first current modulating structure comprising a composite of a resistive material and a patterned insulating material, the first current modulating structure having a cross-layer resistance to the flow of electrical current through the first current modulating structure that varies as a function of position.

Abstract: A view angle control device includes light transmission layers that are arranged at intervals and through which light passes, electrochromic layers having light absorption spectrum characteristics according to voltages applied thereto, the electrochromic layers and the light transmission layers being arranged alternately, first electrodes disposed on one side with respect to the electrochromic layers and arranged to be overlapped with the respective electrochromic layers and contacted with the respective electrochromic layers, and a second electrode disposed on an opposite side from the first electrodes with respect to the electrochromic layers and arranged to be overlapped with and contacted with the electrochromic layers.

Abstract: A flexible display device is disclosed. The flexible display device includes a first layer and a second layer overlapping with the first layer. The first layer includes a plurality of first patterns, and the plurality of first patterns has a first pitch. The second layer includes a plurality of second patterns, and the plurality of second patterns has a second pitch. A ratio of the first pitch to the second pitch is greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to 200.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel forms of operable and fixed windows capable of at least one or more of: producing an electrical current utilizing a transparent or semi-transparent solar collecting coating or film on a pane, and selectively changing one or more of opacity and tint of one or more electrochromatic layers in the window. Some embodiments also disclose a robust scaffold assembly utilized to enclose the perimeter of the substrate and one or more transparent solar cells or electrochromatic layers, or transparent solar cells and electrochromatic layers. Various structural and electrical configurations are disclosed to satisfy the kinematic demands of operable windows. Wired and wireless configurations of the windows are contemplated as are self-powered versions whereby the transparent solar collector or wireless power powers the electrochromatic function. Also disclosed are self-powered and self-contained glaze units with wireless control or control from user interface controls on an indoor facing pane.

Abstract: A window material for protecting near infrared light emitting lasers and or detectors is coated with a conductive coating that reduces the reflection at the wavelengths and angles of incidence of interest. The conductive coating allows the window to be heated by applying a bias across connected electrodes to remove or prevent the condensation of liquid water and the buildup of ice. The conductive material in the coating has some optical absorption in the hear infrared region of about 800 to 1600 nm, which in combination with multiple intervening dielectric layers also allows the transmission of 90% of the light while obtaining a resistance of less than about 30 Ohms-square. The coating reduces reflection loses from the window, without decreasing transmission by more that about 10%.

Abstract: An electro-optic apparatus configured to adjust in transmittance in response to a control input comprises a first web substrate and a second web substrate. Each of the web substrates form a plurality of perimeter edges. A first edge is in connection with a first electrical terminal connecting in connection with a first electrode. A second edge opposing the first edge is in connection with a second electrical terminal in connection with a second electrode. A third edge and an opposing fourth edge comprise a barrier seal in a first configuration in connection with an exterior surface of each of the first web substrate and the second web substrate. The barrier seal encapsulates the electro-optic medium between an interior surface of each of the first web substrate and the second web substrate.

Abstract: An electrochromic (EC) device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a transparent first conductor disposed between the first and second substrates, a transparent second conductor disposed between the first and second substrates, a working electrode disposed between the first and second conductors, a counter electrode disposed between the working electrode and the second conductor, and an electrolyte disposed between the working and counter electrodes. At least one of the first or second conductors is a multipart conductor which includes a transparent first conductive film, a first contact strip extending lengthwise in a first direction which is perpendicular to a second direction, along a first side of the EC device, and first conductive lines extending from the first contact strip toward an opposing second side of the EC device. The multipart conductor has a lower effective sheet resistance in the second direction than in the first direction.

Abstract: A luminaire includes a lightguide panel that is configured to receive light from a light source through an edge thereof and emit light through major surfaces thereof. Further, the luminaire includes an electrochromic film that is disposed on one of the major surfaces of the lightguide panel to adjust an amount of light exiting through the one major surface by controlling an opacity of the electrochromic film. The opacity of the electrochromic film is controlled by controlling an electrical power supplied thereto. In another example, the electrochromic film is disposed on a major surface of a lens that is disposed below and spaced apart from a light source that emits light in a first direction. The opacity of the electrochromic film is controlled by controlling the electrical power supplied thereto to adjust an amount of light that is reflected by the lens to a second direction.

Abstract: An electrochemical device and method of forming said device is disclosed. The method can include providing a substrate and stack overlying the substrate. The stack can include a first transparent conductive layer over the substrate, a cathodic electrochemical layer over the first transparent conductive layer, an anodic electrochemical layer over the electrochromic layer, and a second transparent conductive layer overlying the anodic electrochemical layer. The method can include depositing an insulating layer over the stack and determining a first pattern for the second transparent conductive layer. The first pattern can include a first region and a second region. The first region and the second region can be the same material. The method can include patterning the first region of the second transparent conductive layer without removing the material from the first region. The first region can have a first resistivity and the second region can have a second resistivity.

Abstract: An electronic device has an electrically adjustable shutter. The shutter may be placed in a transparent state or a nontransparent state. The shutter may overlap a portion of a display, may overlap a liquid contact indictor or a structure with text in a device, or may overlap an optical component such as an optical proximity sensor, ambient light sensor, visible light-emitting diode or laser, infrared light-emitting diode or laser, visible light image sensor, or infrared light image sensor. Control circuitry in the electronic device may place the shutter in an opaque state to hide an overlapped component from view or may place the shutter in a transparent state to allow the overlapped component to transmit or receive light. The adjustable shutter may exhibit changes in its transmission spectrum in different modes of operation and may be used as a camera filter or neutral density filter.

Abstract: A functional element having electrically controllable optical properties, includes a stack sequence formed of a first carrier film, a first surface electrode, an active layer, a second surface electrode, and a second carrier film, wherein the second carrier film has an overhanging region beyond the first carrier film and at least one barrier film is arranged on at least one edge region of the first carrier film and the overhanging region of the second carrier film.

Abstract: Thin-film devices, for example electrochromic devices for windows, and methods of manufacturing are described. Particular focus is given to methods of patterning optical devices. Various edge deletion and isolation scribes are performed, for example, to ensure the optical device has appropriate isolation from any edge defects. Methods described herein apply to any thin-film device having one or more material layers sandwiched between two thin film electrical conductor layers. The described methods create novel optical device configurations.

Abstract: An electro-optic device comprises a first substrate having a first surface, a second surface, and an outer perimeter edge; a second substrate having a third surface, a fourth surface, and an outer perimeter edge, the third surface of the second substrate being opposed to the second surface of the first substrate; a chamber defined between the second surface of the first substrate and the opposed third surface of the second substrate; a first electrode coating disposed on the second surface of the first substrate; a second electrode coating disposed on the third surface of the second substrate; a first conductive or semi-conductive material disposed on and extending longitudinally along at least a portion of a peripheral area of the first substrate and in electrical communication with the first electrode coating; and a non-conductive material extending between the first conductive or semi-conductive material and the second electrode coating.

Abstract: An apparatus can include an electrochromic device. When using the apparatus, the electrochromic device can be switched from a first transmission state to a continuously graded state and maintained at continuously graded transmission state. An apparatus can include an active stack with a first transparent conductive layer, a second transparent conductive layer, an anodic electrochemical layer between the first and the second transparent conductive layers, and a cathodic electrochemical layer between the first and the second transparent conductive layers. The apparatus can further include a first bus bar electrically coupled to the first transparent conductive layer, a second bus bar electrically coupled to the second transparent conductive layer, where the second bus bar is generally non-parallel to the first bus bar, and a third bus bar electrically coupled to the first transparent conductive layer, where the third bus bar is generally parallel to the first bus bar.

Abstract: Various embodiments of smart devices are determined herein. A smart device can include a housing and an electronic display. The smart device can further include a cover, housed by the housing, through which the electronic display is visible. The cover can include a glass layer, wherein the glass layer is the outermost layer of the cover that is adjacent an ambient environment of the smart home device. The cover can further include an optical coating layer, deposited directly onto a surface of the glass layer, that comprises a plurality of sublayers. The optical coating layer can include alternating non-metallic oxide layers having different refractive indexes. The sublayers can vary in thickness such that the optical coating layer reflects light from the ambient environment through the glass layer.

Abstract: A controllable privacy structure, such as a window or door, may include an electrically controllable optically active material connected to a driver. The driver can control the application and/or removal of electrical energy to the optically active material to transition from a scattering state in which visibility through the structure is inhibited to a transparent state in which visibility through the structure is comparatively clear. The driver may need to be located in relatively close physical proximity to the privacy structure the driver is intended to control. Devices, systems, and techniques are described for discretely positioning a driver relative to a privacy structure to be controlled.

Abstract: A rear view assembly includes a housing with a mount extending therefrom, a circuit board disposed on the housing, and an air mover proximate a heatsink. The air mover is configured to draw ambient air from an inlet into the housing. A channel in fluid communication with the air mover is configured to direct the air drawn into the housing across a top portion of the heatsink. The rear view assembly also includes an outlet in fluid connection with the channel, adjacent to the mount.

Abstract: This disclosure provides connectors for smart windows. A smart window may incorporate an optically switchable pane. In one aspect, a window unit includes an insulated glass unit including an optically switchable pane. A wire assembly may be attached to the edge of the insulated glass unit and may include wires in electrical communication with electrodes of the optically switchable pane. A floating connector may be attached to a distal end of the wire assembly. The floating connector may include a flange and a nose, with two holes in the flange for affixing the floating connector to a first frame. The nose may include a terminal face that present two exposed contacts of opposite polarity. Pre-wired spacers improve fabrication efficiency and seal integrity of insulated glass units. Electrical connection systems include those embedded in the secondary seal of the insulated glass unit.

Abstract: An electrochromic (EC) device comprises a first electrode and a second electrode separated by an electrolyte. The first electrode comprises an electrochromic (EC) layer comprising a compound having the formula AiBjOk, where A comprises one or more elements selected from a group consisting of W, Mn, Mo, Co, Ni, Cs, and Zn, where B is different than A and comprises one or more elements selected from a group consisting of Mo, Ti, Nb, and V, where i and j have values that are greater than 0, and where k is a stoichiometric value that balances the formula. A is selected such that the EC layer has an improved optical contrast relative to BjOk and B is selected such that the EC layer has an improved specific charge capacity relative to AiOk.

Abstract: Bus bar configurations and fabrication methods for non-rectangular shaped (e.g., triangular, trapezoidal, circular, pentagonal, hexagonal, arched, etc.) optical devices.

Abstract: A vehicle advertisement display system to be mounted on a vehicle includes a display unit, a detection unit, and a control unit. The display unit performs display at least toward an interior of the vehicle. The detection unit detects at least one of a state of an occupant riding the vehicle or a motion of the occupant as a target. The control unit causes the display unit to display the advertisement image having an advertising content corresponding to the target detected by the detection unit based on correspondence information that defines the advertising content corresponding to each candidate of the target.

Abstract: Display technologies are provided for configuring the direction of content presentation using a single display assembly. In some embodiments, the display assembly includes a transparent display unit intercalated between a first switchable layer and a second switchable layer. Each one of the first switchable layer and the second switchable layer is formed to reversibly transition between a transparent state and an opaque state in response to an applied electric field. The transparent display unit, the first switchable layer, and the second switchable layer can be operated individually to configure a particular direction of presenting digital content. In other embodiments, the display assembly includes a switchable layer intercalated between a first transparent display unit and a second transparent display unit. The switchable layer, the first transparent display unit, and the second transparent display unit can be operated individually to configure a particular direction of presenting digital content.

Abstract: Methods of controlling tint of a tintable window to account for occupant comfort in a room of a building. Some methods include receiving weather feed data from one or more weather services (or other data sources) over a communication network, determining a weather condition based on the weather feed data, and determining a tint level for the tintable window based on the weather condition and based on whether a current time is within a time delay period at sunrise or sunset.

Abstract: This disclosure provides connectors for smart windows. A smart window may incorporate an optically switchable pane. In one aspect, a window unit includes an insulated glass unit including an optically switchable pane. A wire assembly may be attached to the edge of the insulated glass unit and may include wires in electrical communication with electrodes of the optically switchable pane. A floating connector may be attached to a distal end of the wire assembly. The floating connector may include a flange and a nose, with two holes in the flange for affixing the floating connector to a first frame. The nose may include a terminal face that present two exposed contacts of opposite polarity. Pre-wired spacers improve fabrication efficiency and seal integrity of insulated glass units. Electrical connection systems include those embedded in the secondary seal of the insulated glass unit.

Abstract: A method for making a bonded article, wherein a thin glass substrate is bonded on a support substrate in the absence of any interlayer by an electrostatic adhesion process with the assistance of external pressure, the pressure is applied constantly or stepwise during the adhesion process by use of a tool such as a roll or a wheel or other movable device with curved surface. The bonded article has no defects, e.g. bubbles or inclusions, in the bonded interface, which benefits transportation of the thin glass substrate and its post-processing as well. Such defect-free bonded article is also disclosed. Pressure supported electrostatic adhesion, initiated by electrostatic charges adhesion of a two members, e.g. a substrate member and a support member, is enabled to minimize, prevent and exclude defects, distortion between the adhered surfaces.

Abstract: The invention relates to a variable transmittance device including at least one variable transmittance lens and a control circuit comprising at least one sensor suitable for measuring an illuminance (E), the control circuit being suitable for automatically controlling the value of the transmittance of the variable transmittance lens depending on the illuminance (E) measured by the sensor, wherein the control circuit defines a plurality of successive illuminance ranges (P) each illuminance range (P) being bounded by a minimum illuminance value (Emin) and a maximum illuminance value (Emax), and wherein the control circuit is suitable for controlling the transmittance of the lens to a plurality of setpoint transmittance values (Tv) respectively corresponding to said plurality of illuminance ranges (P).

Abstract: A switchable device for changing the opacity of at least a portion of a glazing is described. The switchable device comprises at least two (a first and a second) switchable regions in electrical communication with at least two (a first and a second) electrical connector regions. Each switchable region comprises an electrically actuated variable opacity layer between a first electrode and a second electrode, the first switchable region being arranged relative to the second switchable region such that upon connecting the first and second electrical connector regions to a suitable power supply, the opacity of the first and second switchable region changes such that at least two (a first and a second) portions of the switchable device have a change of opacity, the first portion of the switchable device having a different opacity to the second portion of the switchable device.

Abstract: Certain embodiments are directed to control methods, window controllers, and uninterruptible power supplies for determining tinting instructions for optically switchable windows to reduce power usage at a site during a reduced power event. In some cases, reduced power operations are initiated by a window controller upon receipt of a trigger signal from an uninterruptible power supply sent when it detects a power loss. In some cases, tinting instructions are based on the remaining charge left on the uninterruptible power supply. In some cases, reduced power operations are delayed for a period of time.

Abstract: Display technologies are provided for configuring the direction of content presentation using a single display assembly. In some embodiments, the display assembly includes a transparent display unit intercalated between a first switchable layer and a second switchable layer. Each one of the first switchable layer and the second switchable layer is formed to reversibly transition between a transparent state and an opaque state in response to an applied electric field. The transparent display unit, the first switchable layer, and the second switchable layer can be operated individually to configure a particular direction of presenting digital content. In other embodiments, the display assembly includes a switchable layer intercalated between a first transparent display unit and a second transparent display unit. The switchable layer, the first transparent display unit, and the second transparent display unit can be operated individually to configure a particular direction of presenting digital content.

Abstract: A SPEC particle driver is operable with an input for a current-essential display having activated and deactivated states. The driver has a current switching mechanism (CSM), a power return system (PRS), and a processor. The CSM is in electrical communication with the SPEC particle for changing a direction of current received by the SPEC particle between first and second directions. The PRS is in electrical communication with a power source for storing energy received therefrom, and in electrical communication with the CSM and the SPEC particle for providing current thereto. When the input signals for the activated state, the processor causes the SPEC particle to receive current from the power source in the first direction and present a first appearance. When the input signals for the deactivated state, the processor causes the SPEC particle to receive current from the PRS in the second direction and present a second appearance.

Abstract: In one aspect, a method, system, and/or computer program product is described for generating a graphical user interface for providing information and controlling optically switchable windows connected by a network. Windows are graphically represented using interactive smart objects that are placed within views of the graphical user interface in a manner corresponding to their physical location. In another aspect, a method, system, and/or computer program product is described for associating network IDs of optically switchable windows with the locations at which the windows are installed. Window locations are determined by analyzing received wireless transmissions that are sent from transmitters associated with each of the optically switchable windows. The determined locations are then compared with a representation of the building that provides the window locations.

Abstract: Electrochromic window systems and components thereof are disclosed, more particularly systems where electrochromic devices are powered and/or controlled using photonic energy. In some instances, a laser is driven by a driver to deliver photonic power and/or control information into an optical fiber. The optical fiber carries the power and control information to a photovoltaic converter and a controller. The photovoltaic converter and controller may be included within an insulated glass unit (IGU). The photovoltaic converter converts the light energy into electrical energy used to power a transition in an optical state of an electrochromic layer or layers within the IGU. The controller may be used to control the power delivered to the electrochromic layer(s), such that a smooth transition occurs. In some embodiments, control information may be transmitted in an upstream manner to communicate information regarding, for example, the state of an electrochromic device.

Abstract: A smart window-based security system is provided. The system includes a plurality of smart windows, each smart window of the plurality of smart windows having at least one electrochromic window and at least one sensor integrated into the smart window. The plurality of smart windows are coupled together in a system having at least one processor configured to detect a personal or property security threat, such as an intruder or fire based, on information from sensors of the plurality of smart windows.

Abstract: A vehicle head up display system includes a transparent window assembly and an ultraviolet or infrared light source. The light source is used to irradiate transparent photovoltaic converters in the window assembly so that the photovoltaic converters produce an electric current. The electric current is transmitted to electrochromic pixels in the window assembly and actuates the electrochromic pixels in the window assembly to switch between having a transparent appearance and having an opaque appearance. Visual contrast between transparent pixels and opaque pixels provide indicia on the window assembly. The indicia can be removed from the window assembly by actuating the opaque pixels to have the transparent appearance by a subsequent application of electric current exceeding the threshold voltage. An electronic control unit can be including in the system for controlling operation of the light source.

Abstract: Electromagnetic-shielding, electrochromic windows comprising a first multi-layer conductor, an electrochromic stack disposed on the first multi-layer conductor, and a second multi-layer conductor, wherein the one or more multi-layer conductors with an electromagnetic shielding stack configured to be activated to block electromagnetic communication signals through the windows.

Abstract: Reconfigurable, active optical components can flexibly manipulate light. One example of these components is an electro-chemo-optical device that utilizes a metal oxide film with a complex refractive index that varies as a function of an oxygen vacancy concentration. The optical device may include a metal oxide film, a first electrode, and a second electrode. The first electrode and the second electrode may be used to supply a bias voltage to induce a change in the oxygen vacancy concentration in order to change the optical properties (absorbance, transmittance, and/or reflectance) of the optical device. The magnitude and spatial distribution of the oxygen vacancy concentration may be altered to affect the optical properties of the optical device. In some designs, the optical device may also include an ionic conductor and oxygen source to supply/receive oxygen ions to/from the metal oxide film.

Abstract: An easily operable dimming device includes a dimming element operable to control the transmittance thereof for light, and a first notification device operable to make a notification of a piece of information on a change in transmittance of the dimming section.

Abstract: Briefly, an intelligent label is disclosed that has two viewable surfaces. Each surface is constructed such that a permanent and irreversible message may be set into each surface independently. That is, a first message may be set into the first viewing surface of the electro-optic material, and another message may be set into the second viewing surface, for example, at a later time. Various constructions are described including a construction using two pairs of stimulating electrodes, and a second construction using a single pair of stimulating electrodes.

Abstract: A smart driver system for electrochromic devices is provided. The system includes at least one smart driver having one or more processors, memory and a communication module. The at least one smart driver is configurable to couple to or integrate with one or more smart windows having electrochromic devices. The at least one smart driver is configurable to input identification information from a plurality of self-identifying components of a smart window system, including the one or more smart windows, and to self-initialize or self-adjust a plurality of operating parameters for operation of the self-identifying components in accordance with the identification information.

Abstract: Aspects of this disclosure concern controllers and control methods for applying a drive voltage to bus bars of optically switchable devices such as electrochromic devices. Such devices are often provided on windows such as architectural glass. In certain embodiments, the applied drive voltage is controlled in a manner that efficiently drives an optical transition over the entire surface of the electrochromic device. The drive voltage is controlled to account for differences in effective voltage experienced in regions between the bus bars and regions proximate the bus bars. Regions near the bus bars experience the highest effective voltage.

Abstract: A privacy glazing structure may include an electrically controllable optically active material that provides controlled transition between a privacy or scattering state and a visible or transmittance state. To make electrical connections with electrode layers that control the optically active material, the privacy glazing structure may include an offset pane arrangement. The structure may include first and second panes that contain an optically active material. The two panes may be sandwiched by two laminated outer panes. In some examples, the first and second panes are recessed relative to the laminated outer panes along their side edges to define recesses in which electrical connection features are positioned. While the side edges may be recessed, the bottom edges of all the panes may be positioned flush with each other.

Abstract: An electrochromic structure can include a substrate and an electrochromic residue disposed on the substrate. The electrochromic structure can include an electrochromic stack on the substrate. A process can be used to separate the structure. The process can include forming a filament in the substrate and applying a thermal treatment to the substrate. Forming a filament can be performed by applying a pulse of laser energy to the substrate. In a particular embodiment, a filament pattern including a plurality of filaments can be formed in the substrate. The substrate can include mineral glass, sapphire, aluminum oxynitride, spinel, or a transparent polymer.