Abstract: An area-light source outputs uniform area light on a sample. A wedge diaphragm is placed between the area-light source and the sample. The wedge diaphragm has a notch. The wedge diaphragm is moved in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the area light so as to adjust an amount of the area light passing through the sample.

Abstract: A microscope is disclosed in which a specimen is arranged between two objectives and can be observed with reflected light as well as with transmitted light. In a microscope with field transmission, two objectives have substantially identical optical characteristics and at least one of the two objectives is followed by a mirror which reflects the light transmitted through the specimen back into itself exactly. In this way, there is twofold transmission through the specimen with optimum illumination of the solid angle. In a laser scanning microscope, there are likewise two objectives with identical optical characteristics and at least one of the objectives is followed by a phase-conjugating or adaptive mirror.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a device for coupling light into the beam path of a microscope. Laser light is directed to the preparation in the field diaphragm plane through an in-coupling light-conducting fiber constructed as a slide. The invention is particularly suitable for the TIRF method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a laser microdissection device comprised of a microscope table (1), which supports a specimen (3) to be dissected, of an incident lighting device (7), a laser light source (5) and of an objective (10) for focussing the laser beam (18) of the laser light source (5) onto the specimen (3). According to the invention, the microscope table (1) is not moved during the dissecting process. A laser scanning device (9) is arranged in the incident lighting device (7), is comprised of two thick glass wedge plates (11a, 11b), which are tilted toward the optical axis (8) and can be rotated independently of one another around said optical axis (8). In addition to the beam deviation caused by the wedge angle of the wedge plates (11a, 11b), a beam offset of the laser beam (18) is produced by the thickness and the tilt of the wedge plates (11a, 11b).

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a stereomicroscope. The stereomicroscope comprises a microscope main body, a stand including a stand base portion on which a sample is to be laid, a support disposed vertically on the stand base portion, a focus adjust portion attached so as to be movable along the support, and an arm portion connected to the focus adjust portion for connecting the microscope main body thereto, so that the microscope main body is mounted on the stand to focus the sample, a light source lamp which illuminates the sample, and a light source unit in which the light source lamp is contained and which is attachable to at least one of the stand base portion, the support, and the arm portion.

Abstract: A microscope including a source of light, adjustable in frequency and intensity, a method of operating such a microscope, and a method for manufacturing such a microscope are described. Typically, there is provided a microscope comprising an illumination source for illuminating a subject, the illumination source comprising: a source of polychromatic light; elements for selecting a combination of frequencies from among the frequencies of the polychromatic light at selected respective relative intensities to one another, to provide non-white, polychromatic light for illuminating a subject.

Abstract: A microscope of the present invention causes laser light emanating from a light source to enter an optical fiber via a laser light introducing mechanism. The exit end of the optical fiber is connected with an adapter having a fiber position adjustment knob. The back focal position of an objective lens and the exit end position of the optical fiber are made conjugate by a condenser lens provided inside a reflecting illumination projecting tube. By shifting the exit end position of the optical fiber, conventional reflecting illumination and evanescent illumination are available.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a microscope and an illumination device for a microscope that ensure optimal illumination in the standard (10×–100×), scanning (1.6×–5×), and macro (1×–1.6×) ranges. The illumination system comprises only one condenser head that can be switched in or out and that can optimally illuminate the entire range from 1× to 100×, and a movably arranged focusing lens that ensures optimal adaptation of the illumination to the entrance pupil for all ranges.

Abstract: A scanning microscope has a light source that emits illuminating light for illumination of a specimen, at least one first detector for detection of the detected light proceeding from the specimen, an objective arranged in both an illumination beam path and a detection beam path, and a coupling-out element that is selectably for descan detection and non-descan detection positionable in the illumination and detection beam path. A light-guiding fiber is provided for transporting at least a portion of the detection light from the coupling-out element to the first detector.

Abstract: An epi-illumination apparatus has, in the following order from an light source device side, a first imaging lens which forms an image of the light source and a field lens which projects the image of the light source to an object to be illuminated. Either one of a first magnification varying unit or a second magnification varying unit is selectively disposed between the first imaging lens and the field lens in order to vary a magnification of the image of the light source. The first magnification varying unit has a first aperture stop and a second imaging lens that is disposed in the field lens side of the first aperture stop, while the second magnification varying unit has a second aperture stop and a third imaging lens that is disposed in the first imaging lens side of the second aperture stop.

Abstract: A method for scanning microscopy is disclosed. It contains the step of generating an illuminating light beam that exhibits at least a first substantially continuous wavelength spectrum whose spectral width is greater than 5 nm; the choosing of a second wavelength spectrum that is arranged spectrally within the first wavelength spectrum; the step of selecting the light of the second wavelength spectrum out of the illuminating light beam using an acoustooptical component; and the step of illuminating a specimen with the illuminating light beam. A scanning microscope is also disclosed.

Abstract: A laser microscope according to the present invention is characterized by comprising a laser light source configured to emit an ultra-short pulse laser beam, a storage unit configured to store at least one of dispersion data and chirp amounts of a plurality of optical members inserted in an optical path, a pulse width adjuster configured to adjust a pulse width of the ultra-short pulse laser beam, and a controller configured to control the pulse width adjuster based on at least one of the dispersion data and the chirp amounts of at least one of a laser wavelength of the laser light source and at least one optical member so that the pulse width is shortened on a sample surface.

Abstract: An illuminating apparatus for a microscope comprises a condenser lens for condensing beams of illumination light from a light source and a pin-hole stop. The pin-hole stop has a pin-hole, provided on an optical axis, for transmitting only strong light beams from a central portion of the light source among the illumination light beams condensed by the condenser lens. The pin-hole stop also has a light reducing/illumination area, disposed around the pin-hole in symmetry with respect to the optical axis, for illuminating the periphery of an on-specimen portion illuminated with the light beams passing through the pin-hole with a quantity of light exhibiting a predetermined ratio to a quantity of the light passing through the pin-hole. The same apparatus also comprises an objective lens for converging the illumination light beams passing through this pin-hole stop on a specimen. The pin-hole stop is located in a position substantially conjugate to a pupil plane of the objective lens.

Abstract: A microscope for transmission viewing of a speciment including a light source for producing a light beam; an objective lens positioned for focusing the light beam produced by said light source on an area of the specimen for illuminating said area; and a reflector positioned for reflecting light transmitted through the specimen back through the illuminated area of the specimen.

Abstract: The invention concerns an apparatus for simultaneous zero-degree and oblique illumination for an optical viewing device, in particular a stereoscopic surgical microscope, which contains a shiftable prism combination (3) for deflecting a first illumination sub-beam a long distance from the optical axis (12) of the main objective in order to obtain an oblique illumination beam (9) (oblique illumination), and for deflecting a second illumination sub-beam (8) a short distance from the optical axis (12) of the main objective in order to obtain a zero-degree illumination (8).

Abstract: An illumination optical system for a microscope is provided wherein the illumination state can be successively changed between Koehler illumination and critical illumination while ensuring one or more conditions are satisfied so that the image of the light source illuminates an appropriately large region of the field of view of the microscope during critical illumination. Preferably, no cemented lens elements are used so that degradation of the cement caused by ultraviolet light sources is avoided, thereby enabling an appropriate illumination type to be provided at will and without degradation of the optical components of the illumination optical system over time.

Abstract: In a microscope system, illumination light rays are emitted from a light source. The illumination light rays are collimated and reflected from a mirror to the optical element array. The optical element array is located at a conjugate position of a specimen, and includes a plurality of micro mirrors arranged in a matrix form. The micro mirrors are individually controlled to selectively reflect the illumination light rays for illuminating the specimen. Thus, a predetermined pattern of the light rays is reflected from the optical element array to an objective lens. The illumination light rays are projected on the specimen from the objective lens and the specimen is illuminated by the predetermined illumination pattern.

Abstract: Dynamic aperture microscopy in which the portion of an objective aperture that passes light in an optical system that images an object is continuously changed to create motion parallax which continuously changes the angle from which the object is viewed to create a moving 3-D view of the object from which a 3-D model of the object can be constructed that can be seen or measured from any angle.

Abstract: An ultraviolet microscope comprises an illumination optical system that guides ultraviolet light emitted from a light source to a specimen; and an observation optical system through which the specimen is observed. The illumination optical system and the observation optical system are set within an inert gas atmosphere.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for automatic lamp adjustment in a microscope without beam homogenizers in the illuminating beam path and a microscope equipped for the application of the method. According to the invention, the light power in the illuminating beam path is integrally measured with a detector behind the pupil plane of the microscope objective or behind the pupil plane of the illuminating beam path and the lamp is so adjusted relative to the illuminating beam path that the light power, which is detected by the detector, is a maximum. In a microscope, which is suitable for an automated lamp adjustment, for example, after an exchange of the lamp according to the method of the invention, motorized drives are provided for adjusting the lamp. These drives are driven sequentially by an evaluation and control computer until a maximum light power is detected with a detector.

Abstract: The invention concerns a microscope having a basic body on or in which are arranged at least one microscope objective, at least one eyepiece, and at least one beam splitter that is provided in the beam path between the microscope objective and the eyepiece and that reflects a portion of the light out of the beam path to the eyepiece or reflects images into the beam path going to the eyepiece.

Abstract: A microscope, in particular for confocal scanning microscopy, having a light source (1) for illuminating an object (6) to be investigated. An optical device (9, 12) is provided for splitting transmitted light (15) passing through the object (6) and fluorescent light (10, 13) produced in the object (6). A segmenting device (17) acting on the transmitted light (15) is configured with regard to a detection-light path which is as short as possible in such a way that the segmenting device (17) is arranged between the object (6) and the light-splitting device (9, 12).

Abstract: An illumination optical system for a microscope is provided wherein the illumination state can be successively changed between Koehler illumination and critical illumination while ensuring one or more conditions are satisfied so that the image of the light source illuminates an appropriately large region of the field of view of the microscope during critical illumination. Preferably, no cemented lens elements are used so that degradation of the cement caused by ultraviolet light sources is avoided, thereby enabling an appropriate illumination type to be provided at will and without degradation of the optical components of the illumination optical system over time.

Abstract: In an illumination switching frame fixed to the end of an objective of Greenough stereomicroscope, a folding mirror is fixed removably to illumination optical axes q and q′ to switch coaxial vertical illumination and episcopic illumination.

Abstract: A microscopy system for eye surgery with an objective lens is suggested, which provides a retroillumination system to generate a so-called red reflex illumination during an eye-surgical treatment, in particular during a cataract operation.

Abstract: A total internal reflection illumination apparatus applied to a microscope which illuminates a sample through an objective having a numerical aperture enabling total internal reflection illumination, comprises a first total internal reflection mirror which is arranged in the vicinity of an outermost peripheral part of an observation optical path of the microscope to reflect an incident illumination light in a direction of the objective, a second total internal reflection mirror which is arranged at a symmetrical position with the first total internal reflection mirror to sandwich an observation optical axis and reflects return light reflected on a surface of the sample in a direction different from the illumination optical path, and a return light dimming part configured to dim the return light reflected by the second total internal reflection mirror.

Abstract: A device for controlling the brightness of an optical signal overlaid on a specimen image includes: a main light source configured to illuminate a specimen with a main light source illumination; a main objective, configured to generate the specimen image in a viewer beam path; and a beam splitter configured to reflect the optical signal into the viewer beam path, where the optical signal is generated by a display, and an illumination of the display is selectable among the main light source illumination, a secondary light source illumination, and both, and where the secondary light source illumination is adjustable as a function of the main light source illumination. The device may be a surgical microscope. The illumination of the display by the main light source illumination may be indirect, where the display is illuminated substantially by light reflections of the main light source illumination from the specimen.

Abstract: A fixed-high-power-switching microscope including a usual variable power optical system which can be switched to a fixed high power high resolution optical system, as necessary, is provided. The microscope includes a second optical axis for the fixed high power bypassing the variable power optical system. A prism (reflecting element) movable into and out of a first optical axis switches a viewing optical path from the first optical axis for the variable usual power to the second optical axis for the fixed high power, as necessary, providing a clear magnified image at high magnification and high resolution.

Abstract: A device for adjusting the light beam in a microscope. The device couples the light beam into a housing of the device. A first and a second detectors are positioned at different distances to the coupling point. In the line of coupled in light beam at least one beam splitter is provided, which directs the coupled-in light beam onto at least one of the photo detectors.

Abstract: A light source for illumination in scanning microscopy, and a scanning microscope contain an electromagnetic energy source that emits light of one wavelength, and a beam splitter for spatially dividing the light into at least two partial light beams. An intermediate element for wavelength modification is provided in at least one partial light beam.

Abstract: Methods and devices for producing images on coated articles are provided. The methods generally comprise applying a layer of magnetizable pigment coating in liquid form on a substrate, with the magnetizable pigment coating containing a plurality of magnetic non-spherical particles or flakes. A magnetic field is then applied to selected regions of the pigment coating while the coating is in liquid form, with the magnetic field altering the orientation of selected magnetic particles or flakes. Finally, the pigment coating is solidified, affixing the reoriented particles or flakes in a non-parallel position to the surface of the pigment coating to produce an image such as a three dimensional-like image on the surface of the coating. The pigment coating can contain various interference or non-interference magnetic particles or flakes, such as magnetic color shifting pigments.

Abstract: A microscope having a stand (3) and having a revolving nosepiece (1) rotatably articulated on the stand (3), the revolving nosepiece (1) having at least two receptacles (4) for one objective (2) each, and an objective (2) being deliverable into a beam path (5) of the microscope by the rotation of the revolving nosepiece (1), is configured, in the interest of easy association between an objective (2) and its position in the beam path (5) of the microscope, in such a way that one transponder (6) each is associated with the objective (2) or objectives (2), and a reading device (7) for communication with the transponder (6) is associated with the stand (3).

Abstract: An area-light source outputs uniform area light on a sample. A wedge diaphragm is placed between the area-light source and the sample. The wedge diaphragm has a notch. The wedge diaphragm is moved in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the area light so as to adjust an amount of the area light passing through the sample.

Abstract: The present invention broadly comprises a device, such as a slider, for performing phase contrast microscopy, the device containing a plurality of at least three phase contrast annuli. The slider is received into a microscope condenser mounted under a microscope stage and that is adapted to receive the device and align the device such that a phase contrast annulus is aligned with an appropriate microscope objective phase ring. The invention also comprises printed or engraved indicators or other markings indicating whether the bright field aperture or a particular phase contrast annulus is in position in the illumination path of the microscope. The invention further comprises a device for preventing the removal of the device from the condenser.

Abstract: A illumination device for microscope, which has a illumination axis, includes illumination unit, which emits rays of illumination light, for illuminating a specimen, a field stop projection lens, which is located on the illumination axis between the illumination unit and specimen, a light deflector array, which is located on the illumination axis between the illumination unit and field stop projection lens in conjugation with the specimen, the light deflector array having micro optical deflection portions, which individually deflect the rays of illumination light from the illumination unit, and switch unit for switching between a state in which the rays of illumination light is applied to the specimen and a state in which the rays of illumination light is not applied to the specimen.

Abstract: The optical path used is switched between a first optical path and second optical path. The first optical path is used to make illumination light, output from a light source, transmits along the optical axis of an objective via an illumination system. The second optical path is used to guide the illumination light, output from the light source, to a transmits via the illumination system and the objective, thereby illuminating the target in a total reflection observation mode.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical observation instrument, for example a (stereo) operation microscope, having an additional shutter (4) in a main beam path (2b), arranged between an output-reflection beam splitter (3) and an observer eyepiece (5), for respectively connecting and disconnecting the observer (8a), without affecting the output-reflected signal.

Abstract: A transmitted-light illumination arrangement for microscopes has at least one LED which is arranged interchangeably in or in the vicinity of the plane of the aperture diaphragm of illumination optics or in front of Köhler illumination optics. The transmitted-light illumination arrangement advantageously has at least one LED light source radiating in the illumination direction of the microscope and at least one LED light source radiating in the opposite direction, wherein the light of the oppositely radiating light source is deflected in the illumination direction via deflecting mirrors, preferably a concave mirror, this light source being located in the focal point thereof.

Abstract: A laser scanning microscope comprises at least one selectively switchable micro-mirror arrangement (DMD) in the illumination beam path and/or detection beam path which is used for the wavelength selection of dispersively divided illumination and/or object light such as reflection, fluorescence.

Abstract: The invention concerns a surgical microscope (2, 3, 5) having a novel laser illumination system (11) and, in a preferred embodiment, an arrangement in which a diffractive element (7) produces an additional illuminating beam and a measurement beam.

Abstract: Lighting device for a microscope comprising at least one observation beam path, in particular a surgical microscope, with an illumination system (3, 4, 5, 28, 29) and a deflection device (8; 48, 49) for deflecting light emitted from the illumination system onto an object to be observed, in particular an eye to be operated on, the deflection device providing an illumination of the object under various illumination angles with regard to the at least one observation beam path, wherein the deflection device comprises two deflection elements (16, 17) at least partly provided as physical beam splitters.

Abstract: When specimens are illuminated in a scanning microscope, it is often necessary to use radiations of different wavelengths in order to examine the sample. A device and a method for illumination of specimens in a scanning microscope is proposed, a laser being used to generate a laser beam, and an optical system being used to image the laser beam onto the specimen. The optical system comprises a switchable beam deflection device that can direct the laser beam onto the specimen either along a first beam path or along an alternative beam path. In addition, a device for frequency conversion is arranged in the beam path of the alternative beam path.

Abstract: A method for generating a multicolor image of a specimen with a microscope is disclosed. The method comprises the step of determining the spacing of the focal planes of a first illuminating light beam that has a first wavelength and of a second illuminating light beam that has a second wavelength; the step of scanning the specimen with the first illuminating light beam and generating a first partial image; the step of performing a relative displacement, by an amount equal to the spacing, between the specimen and the focal plane of the illuminating light beam of the second wavelength; the step of scanning the specimen with the second illuminating light beam and generating a second partial image; and the step of superimposing the first and second partial images to yield the multicolor image. Further more a microscope and a confocal scanning microscope are disclosed.

Abstract: An optical microscope is adapted for observation of several spots of an object by a modifiable optical transmission screen placed on the path of the optical beam and able to generate in the object plane a screen image coinciding substantially with the spots of the object. The modifiable optical transmission screen can comprise a matrix of mirrors, each of the mirrors presenting a first position enabling the light beam to be reflected to the object along the optical path and a second position enabling the light beam to be diverted from the optical path. Alternatively, the modifiable optical transmission screen can comprise a matrix of liquid crystal elements, each of the liquid crystal elements presenting a first transparent state, a second opaque state and, possibly, a third polarising state. The light source can be a light-emitting diode array.

Abstract: The invention relates to a stereo surgical microscope comprising at least one stop (12, 20) which can interrupt a main beampath in such a way that the user can only see one image when required, wherein the image is received via a reflected-in beam path (21).

Abstract: A laser microscope according to the present invention is characterized by comprising a laser light source configured to emit an ultra-short pulse laser beam, a storage unit configured to store at least one of dispersion data and chirp amounts of a plurality of optical members inserted in an optical path, a pulse width adjuster configured to adjust a pulse width of the ultra-short pulse laser beam, and a controller configured to control the pulse width adjuster based on at least one of the dispersion data and the chirp amounts of at least one of a laser wavelength of the laser light source and at least one optical member so that the pulse width is shortened on a sample surface.

Abstract: In a microscope, an optical system that includes a zoom lens unit having a straight optical axis is located under a stage portion that carries a sample A thereon. An optical image of the sample A is projected on an image-pickup element via the optical system, and is converted into a picture signal by means of the image-pickup element. The picture signal is delivered to the outside through an external terminal area.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microscope, in particular a confocal microscope, designed to measure an object from several angular positions while avoiding any rotation of the object to be measured. The microscope has an optical device for rotation of the image to be positioned in the ray path of the microscope.

Abstract: A stereomicroscope is capable of interchangeably fitting low- and high-magnification objective lenses. A transmission illumination unit thereof includes a light source, a shield element for cutting off partially light beam, first and second condenser lenses for converging the light beam passing the shield element, and a mechanism for selecting one of the first and second condenser lens and disposing the selected lens on the optical axis. The first condenser lens sets a position conjugate to an entrance pupil of the low-magnification objective lens in a position of the shield element. The second condenser lens sets a position conjugate to an entrance pupil of the high-magnification objective lens in the position of the shield element.

Abstract: Caged reagent release experiments are carried out by introducing laser light of a laser light source for the Caged reagent release of a first reflected illumination optical system light path into a sample side through a first dichroic mirror on a cube turret and also introducing excitation light of a mercury lamp for the excitation light irradiation of a third reflected illumination optical system light path into the sample side through a first dichroic mirror on a slider. Laser trap experiments are carried out by introducing excitation light of a mercury lamp for the excitation light irradiation of a second reflected illumination optical system light path into the sample side through a second dichroic mirror on the cube turrent and also introducing laser light from the laser light source for the laser trap of the third reflected illumination optical system light path into the sample side through a second dichroic mirror on the slider.