Abstract: A holographic recording medium including a recording layer on a substrate, which records data information in a light interference pattern. In the holographic recording medium, information on a thermal expansion characteristic of a recording material contained in the recording layer and/or information on temperature dependency of the refractive index of the recording material are recorded within the holographic recording medium in advance.

Abstract: There is provided an exposure device including: a light-emitting element array in which plural light-emitting elements are arrayed in a predetermined direction; and a hologram element array in which plural hologram elements are multiplex-recorded, in correspondence with the plural light-emitting elements, at a recording layer that is disposed above the light-emitting element array such that collected-light points, that are formed on a surface to be exposed by converging of diffracted lights that exit due to illumination of lights from the plural light-emitting elements, are aligned in the predetermined direction, and such that intersection points between optical axes of reference lights and optical axes of signal lights that record the plural hologram elements respectively are not aligned in the predetermined direction.

Abstract: A hologram recording medium includes: a hologram recording layer; and a light scattering layer, wherein a material having a reflection characteristic different from that of a main material forming the light scattering layer is arranged in the light scattering layer.

Abstract: A system and method that synchronizes a spatial light modulator (SLM) with a pulsed laser to record a hologram at the repetition rate of the pulsed laser for applications including holographic displays and data storage. The color channel capability of a SLM is utilized to effectively increase the write throughput when the pulsed laser repetition rate LR exceeds the SLM's image refresh rate R. The hogels are encoded on the color channels and concatenated to form a sequence of color images such that the write throughput is equal to the repetition rate LR up to a maximum of N*R. The invention effectively extends the capability and continued viability of existing inexpensive SLMs.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sensor comprising a medium and, disposed therein, a hologram, wherein an optical characteristic of the medium changes as a result of a variation in a physical property of the medium, wherein the fringes of the hologram are formed by silver grains and wherein the medium comprises a material which does not bind silver. The brightness and sensitivity of such holographic sensors is increased as a result of reduction in the levels of unwanted (“background”) silver binding.

Abstract: An organic-inorganic hybrid material comprising (a) at least one soluble organic polymer, (b) at least one mono- or polynuclear metal complex having at least one ligand which comprises at least one photochemically and/or thermally polymerizable functional group and (c) surface-modified nanoscale particles. Also disclosed is an optical component which is made by using the hybrid material.

Abstract: The invention relates to holographic storage material (1) comprising at least one polymer film (3) and one metallic first layer (4) which is applied to the polymer film (3). In order to provide a storage material (1) having improved optical properties, a non-metallic second layer (5) and a metallic third layer (6) are provided. The second layer (5) is arranged between the first (4) and the third (6) layers. The total thickness of the first, second and third layers (4,5,6) is less than the wavelength of the radiation used for reading out.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polymerizable compound denoted by general formula (1). In general formula (1), A denotes an oxygen atom, sulfur atom, or NR, R denotes a hydrogen atom, alkyl group, aryl group, or heterocyclic group, X denotes a hydrogen atom, polymerizable group, optionally polymerizable group-substituted alkyl group or the like, B and C each independently denote a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, polymerizable group, optionally polymerizable group-substituted alkyl group or the like, wherein at least one from among B and C denotes a hydrogen atom and at least one from among X, Y, and Z comprises a polymerizable group, m denotes an integer ranging from 0 to 5, n denotes an integer ranging from 0 to 2, and Q denotes an elimination group.

Abstract: Graphene layers, hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) layers, as well as other materials made of primarily sp2 bonded atoms and associated methods are disclosed. In one aspect, the present invention provides graphene and hBN devices. In one aspect, for example, an electronic device is provided including a graphene layer and a planar hBN layer operably associated with the graphene layer and forming a functional interface therebetween. Numerous functional interfaces are contemplated, depending on the desired functionality of the device.

Abstract: An updateable system and method of recording a hologram on a media simultaneously reduces the writing time and increases persistence without sacrificing diffraction efficiency. A voltage kick-off technique controls the bias electric field applied to a photorefractive polymer media in conjunction with the application of the writing beams and dark decay. Essentially the voltage kick-off technique applies a high electric field above the optimal field while the writing beams are on and reduces the electric field when the writing beams are off during dark decay. The voltage kick-off technique produced two separate unexpected results. First, when the writing beams are turned off and the electric field is lowered the diffraction efficiency continues to increase until it reaches a maximum efficiency that is within a few percent of that achieved by writing at the optimal field until steady-state is achieved.

Abstract: A method for forming fine concavo-convex patterns by using a relief formation material 3 having a relief formation layer 2 composed of a resin having thermoplasticity and a relief pattern sheet 6 having on a surface thereof fine concavo-convex patterns 5, wherein a photothermal conversion layer 7 is formed in the relief formation material 3 or the relief pattern sheet 6; the photothermal conversion layer 7 is irradiated with light 8 to make the photothermal conversion layer 7 generate heat in the state that the relief formation layer 2 is brought into contact with the fine concavo-convex patterns 5; and the fine concavo-convex patterns 5 are formed on the relief formation layer 2.

Abstract: Currently known holographic recording media and sensors have a number of disadvantages, for example, silver halide-based recording media is expensive to produce and unsuitable for use in certain sensor applications, and photopolymer-based recording media make it difficult to record multiple holographic images, thus, generally, rendering them unsuitable for use in sensors. Holographic recording media according to an embodiment of the present invention may comprise a polymer matrix and a chemical group that dimerizes by forming a cyclic bridge through photocycloaddition. These holographic recording media are cost-effective, allow recording of multiple holographic images, and enable production of sensors with controlled observable response to an external stimulus.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hologram recording material which is suitable for volume hologram record and attains high refractive index change, flexibility, high sensitivity, low scattering, environment resistance, durability, low shrinkage and high multiplicity in holographic memory record using not only a green laser but also a blue laser; a process for producing the same; and a hologram recording medium having the hologram recording material. A hologram recording material comprising: a metal oxide containing at least Si and Zr as metals wherein a ?-dicarbonyl compound is coordinated to Zr; and a photopolymerizable compound, wherein a mole ratio of the ?-dicarbonyl compound to the Zr atom (?-dicarbonyl compound/Zr ratio) is 2/1 or more and 3/1 or less, and a mole ratio of the Si atom to the Zr atom (Si/Zr ratio) is more than 1/1 and 1.15/1 or less in the metal oxide. A hologram recording medium (11) comprising the hologram recording material layer (21).

Abstract: The invention relates to proton-translocating retinal proteins which exhibit a photocycle which is retarded as compared with the wild type and whose all-trans retinal contents in the light-adapted and dark-adapted states do not differ from each other by more than 10%. The invention furthermore relates to a photochromic composition and to the use of the proton-translocating retinal proteins and the photochromic composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hologram recording medium which can attain high refractive index change, flexibility, high sensitivity, low scattering, environment resistance, durability, low dimension change (low shrinkage) and high multiplicity in holographic memory record using a blue laser. A hologram recording medium (11) comprising at least a hologram recording material layer, wherein the hologram recording material layer (21) comprises at least: an organometallic compound having at least a Ti—O bond, and a photopolymerizable compound; and said medium has a light transmittance is 50% or more at a wavelength of 405 nm, or a light reflectance is 25% or more at a wavelength of 405 nm. The organometallic compound is favorably obtained by subjecting an alkoxide compound of the corresponding metal(s) to hydrolysis and polymerization reaction in an organic solvent which neither contains cyclic ether skeleton nor carbonyl oxygen.

Abstract: An embossing surface and a method for creating that surface is provided by a polyimide material which has photodefinable characteristics. One benefit is that the embossing surfaces do not have to be made by data transfer from the photo-definable surface. The polyimide material is cured by heating to a predetermined hardness appropriate for the surfaces to be embossed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a holographic recording composition and a holographic recording medium comprising a recording layer formed with the holographic recording composition. The holographic recording composition comprises a bifunctional or greater isocyanate, a polyfunctional alcohol comprising a bifunctional alcohol and a trifunctional or greater alcohol, a titanocene-based radical polymerization initiator, a bifunctional or greater acrylate monomer, and an amidine salt denoted by General Formula (1). In General Formula (1), R1, R2, and R3 each independently denote an alkyl group, aryl group, amino group, or acyl group, R1 and R2 may be bonded together to form a ring, R2 and R3 may be bonded together to form a ring, and A? denotes an anion.

Abstract: A holographic recording medium including a recording layer on a substrate, which records data information in a light interference pattern is provided. In the holographic recording medium, information on a thermal expansion characteristic of a recording material contained in the recording layer and/or information on temperature dependency of the refractive index of the recording material are recorded within the holographic recording medium in advance.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for storing holographic data comprising providing a holographic storage medium comprising an optically transparent substrate including a photochemically active dye having at least two nitrone groups; and irradiating the optically transparent substrate with a holographic interference pattern, wherein the pattern has a first wavelength and an intensity both sufficient to convert, within a volume element of the substrate, at least some of the photochemically active dye into a photo-product, and producing within the irradiated volume element concentration variations of the photo-product corresponding to the holographic interference pattern, thereby producing a first optically readable datum corresponding to the volume element.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of manufacturing a data storage media comprising mixing a photochromic dye with an organic material or an inorganic material to form a holographic composition; and molding the holographic composition into holographic data storage media. Disclosed herein too is an article comprising a photochromic dye and an organic material, wherein the article is used as a data storage media. Disclosed herein too is a method for recording information comprising irradiating an article that comprises a photochromic dye; wherein the irradiation is conducted with electromagnetic energy having a wavelength of about 350 to about 1,100 nanometers; and reacting the photochromic dye.

Abstract: Photosensitizing dyes are often used in conjunction with a photoacid generator in holographic recording media. Conventional photosensitizing dyes typically are limited by having an appreciable absorption of light when used in a sufficient concentration, such that the intensity of light decreases significantly with penetration into a recording medium. The present invention discloses a number of new 5-alkynyl substituted napthacene photosensitizing dyes that have low extinction coefficients coupled with good sensitizing properties, such that the problems associated with the photosensitizing dyes absorbing light are significantly reduced.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing a titanium-containing metal oxide the coloration of which is decreased; a hologram recording material suitable for holographic memory recording using a blue laser, wherein a titanium-containing metal oxide the coloration of which is decreased is used as a metal oxide matrix; a process for producing the same; and a hologram recording medium. A process for producing a metal oxide comprising at least Ti as a metal element, the process comprising: providing an alkoxide compound of Ti to which a glycol other than any geminal diol and any vicinal diol is coordinated; hydrolyzing the alkoxide compound of Ti to which the glycol is coordinated, thereby yielding a precursor of a metal oxide; and advancing polycondensation reaction of the metal oxide precursor, thereby forming the metal oxide.

Abstract: A data storage assembly is presented. The data storage assembly comprises a bi-layered antireflective coating. An inner layer of the antireflective coating comprises diamond like carbon. An outer layer is disposed over the inner layer.

Abstract: A method of producing a security document or article including a substrate (100), which is transparent at least to visible light, and a diffractive optical microstructure (112). The method includes applying an opacifying layer (102) to at least one surface of the transparent substrate (100). An area of the opacifying layer (102) is exposed to laser radiation (108) to ablate apertures (110) in selected portions of the opacifying layer (102), thereby forming a diffractive optical microstructure (112) on the surface of the substrate (100). The laser radiation may be patterned prior to exposing the opacifying layer (102), for example by passing the radiation through a mask (104). Alternatively, a focussed or collimated laser beam (206) may be directed onto the selected portions of the opacifying layer (102). Laser radiation may be directed onto the opacifying layer (102) either directly, or through the transparent substrate (100).

Abstract: A holographic multiplex recording method which can keep a recording data rate constant and equalize nonuniformity in recording due to vibrations or the like, and a holographic recording apparatus and a holographic recording medium, which employ the method. In a process of multiplex-recording information, the time of exposure to a laser beam per data page is kept constant, and the laser output power of the laser beam is increased in accordance with a decrease in recording sensitivity of the holographic recording medium.

Abstract: A method and device for re-writing data on a holographic storage device is disclosed. First and second electro-optic modulators may phase shift the reference and data beams used to store data on the photorefractive crystal. When the reference beam is shifted 180° out of phase with respect to the data beam, the photorefractive crystal is erased.

Abstract: An optical recording medium includes a first substrate having a groove on the side of an outer peripheral portion thereof; a second substrate in contact with the first substrate in the outer peripheral portion; and a recording layer being disposed in a gap between the first substrate and the second substrate and forming a void in cooperation with the first substrate at the portion of the groove.

Abstract: Holographic storage medium which avoids the interference between a reference beam and a reconstructed object beam, wherein the holographic storage medium has a holographic storage layer on top of a reflective layer, and wherein the reflective layer has non-reflective areas as well as reflective areas for coupling a reference beam out of the optical path of a reconstructed object beam.

Abstract: A holographic storage and regeneration system includes a holographic recording medium, a light source, a spatial light modulator, and a conjugate servo light guidance portion. The light source generates a signal light and a reference light. The spatial light modulator modulates the incident signal light and makes it incident onto the medium along the incident direction of the signal light. The guidance portion guides a reference light to incident onto the medium in one direction and reflects it in another direction. A reference light and a signal light interfere with each other to produce a holographic interference fringe. The reflected reference light is guided into a first image sensor to be used to analyze the incident angle of the reference light. When the reference light incidents onto the fringe of the medium through the guidance portion in a reverse direction relative to another direction, a conjugate regenerated light is generated.

Abstract: A hologram recording material contains a molecule having intrinsic birefringence and a photoresponsive macromolecule represented by the following formula (1). in formula (1), L1 representing a bivalent linking group, X representing a group having a substituent constant ? based on Hammett's rule of a value of more than 0, the maximum absorption wavelength of an azobenzene group bonding to X being approximately 360 nm or less, A representing a group that is a component of a repeating unit with a carbon number of 2 or more that is a component of a macromolecular main chain, nx representing an integer of 1 or 2, and n representing an integer of 1 or more.

Abstract: The volume hologram recording photosensitive composition provided by the present invention contains at least a fluorine-contained photoreactive compound represented by the following formula (1): R1—R3—(CF2)n-R4—R2 wherein R1 and R2 are photoreactive groups which can be bonded to each other by photoreaction, and each of R3 and R4 is independently a single bond or a bivalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 1 or more. This volume hologram recording photosensitive composition is used to form a recording section of a recording medium, and then the section is exposed to light, whereby a bright volume hologram can be obtained.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a volume hologram laminate with low generation of spotty hologram flaws in the volume hologram layer even when kept under pressurized conditions during storage, and to a volume hologram laminate-fabricating label. The volume hologram laminate 1 of the invention has a first adhesive layer 3, a volume hologram layer 5, a second adhesive layer 4 and a surface protective film 6 formed in that order on a substrate 1, wherein the volume hologram layer is a hologram recording in a recording material comprising a matrix polymer and a photopolymerizable compound, having a glass transition point of 30° C.-70° C. and a dynamic storage elastic modulus of 5×105 Pa-5×107 Pa at 50° C. when measured at 6.28 rad/s, and the second adhesive layer has a dynamic storage elastic modulus of no greater than 5×104 Pa or at least 2.5×105 Pa at 50° C. when measured at 6.28 rad/s.

Abstract: A hologram recording material is used for recording information by at least irradiation with light. The hologram recording material includes photoresponsive molecules, liquid crystal molecules, and particles having an average particle diameter of one tenth or less of a wavelength of light used in the information recording.

Abstract: A collinear volume holographic optical storage system records a plurality pages of holographic data on the storage material, where the intensity distribution of the saved recorded holographic data of each page is in a “+” format. It is possible to incur the inter-page cross talk between two adjacent pages of holographic data along the storage track or between two adjacent storage tracks. An rotation angle between the direction of the distribution of the volume grating and the direction of the storage track can be used to increase the descendent of data storage intensity along storage track, so the effect of the inter-page cross talk is decreased; or the distance between reading centers of two pages of holographic data is shorten to increase the storage density of the storage material.

Abstract: A harmonic holography (H2) technique and system that combines holography and nonlinear optics that enables holographic recording of 3D images with femtosecond framing time are provided. The H2 technique records holograms with second harmonic (SH) signals scattered off specialized nanocrystals that are functionalized to label specific protein or other biomolecules in a living organism. The capability of generating second harmonic radiations is specific to materials with noncentrosymmetric crystalline structures only, and ?(2) vanishes for all other types of materials. Therefore, a sharp contrast is formed when particles of noncentrosymmetric structures are dispersed in a medium of other species, pumped at a fundamental frequency, and imaged at the second harmonic frequency. The new scheme described herein provides a sound basis for a new type of contrast microscopy with enormous potential in molecular biomedical imaging.

Abstract: A hologram recording medium including a substrate, a hologram recording layer that records an interference pattern formed by a first wavelength beam, a wavelength selecting reflection layer provided between the substrate and the hologram recording layer that reflects the first wavelength beam and transmits a second wavelength beam, a beam absorbing layer provided between the substrate and the wavelength selecting reflection layer that absorbs the first wavelength beam, and an information layer provided between the substrate and the light absorbing layer in which information is recorded and reproduced by the second wavelength beam, a second information layer provided between the substrate and the information layer and a second wavelength selecting reflection layer provided between the information layer and the second information layer that reflects the second wavelength beam and transmits a third wavelength beam.

Abstract: Described herein is a new holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal (HPDLC) medium with broadband reflective properties, and a new technique for fabrication of broadband HPDLC mediums. The new technique involves dynamic variation of the holography setup during HPDLC formation, enabling the broadening of the HPDLC medium's wavelength response. Dynamic variation of the holography setup may include the rotation and/or translation of one or more motorized stages, allowing for time and spatial, or angular, multiplexing through variation of the incident angles of one or more laser beams on a pre-polymer mixture during manufacture. An HPDLC medium manufactured using these techniques exhibits improved optical response by reflecting a broadband spectrum of wavelengths. A new broadband holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal thin film polymeric mirror stack with electrically-switchable beam steering capability is disclosed.

Abstract: A monocular holographic storage device or system to provide for compact recording and/or reading of data pages in a holographic storage medium. Also provided are methods for carrying out such data storage and/or data recovery using a monocular holographic storage device or system. Further provided are articles including holographic storage media for recording or for reading recorded data using such devices or systems.

Abstract: A method of making a holographic data storage medium is provided. The method comprises: (a) providing an optically transparent substrate comprising at least one photochemically active dye; and (b) irradiating the optically transparent substrate at least one wavelength at which the optically transparent substrate has an absorbance in a range from about 0.1 to 1, to produce a modified optically transparent substrate comprising at least one optically readable datum and at least one photo-product of the photochemically active dye. The at least one wavelength is in a range from about 300 nanometers to about 800 nanometers. The optically transparent substrate is at least 100 micrometers thick, and comprises the photochemically active dye in an amount corresponding to from about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent based on a total weight of the optically transparent substrate.

Abstract: Various methods of producing a security document or article including a diffractive optical microstructure are disclosed. One method includes applying an opacifying layer (102) to at least one surface of a transparent substrate (100). An area of the opacifying layer (102) is exposed to laser radiation (108) to ablate apertures (110) in selected portions of the opacifying layer (102), thereby forming a diffractive optical microstructure (112) on the surface of the substrate (100). The laser radiation may be patterned prior to exposing the opacifying layer (102), for example by passing the radiation through a mask (104). Alternatively, a focussed or collimated laser beam (206) may be directed onto the selected portions of the opacifying layer (102). Laser radiation may be directed onto the opacifying layer (102) either directly, or through the transparent substrate (100). Security documents or articles made in accordance with the method are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hologram recording material which can modulate its refractive index effectively with visible light laser and is excellent also in transparency after this modulation.

Abstract: The nature of a volume hologram limits its use in security and sensing applications. Accordingly, a volume hologram segregated into a first and second region recording a first and second image, respectively, and wherein the second region is responsive to stimulus while the first region is protected physically from stimulus is provided. Also provided is a volume hologram with a functional cover disposed thereon to regulate how the volume hologram interacts with the stimulus when in the presence of stimulus. A volume hologram with a removable cover disposed thereon to permit a first recorded image to be viewed, to protect the volume hologram from physical damage, to prevent the volume hologram from interacting with the stimulus, and to be removed, thereby permitting the volume hologram to interact with the stimulus is provided as well. In these ways, the usability of volume holograms in security and sensing applications is increased.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a hologram recording medium, wherein in a volume hologram, the hologram recording medium is covered with a partially patterned optical functional film on the side closer to the viewer than a hologram recording layer without the medium of air, and wherein the hologram recording medium maintains its appearance approximately unchanged irrespective of the presence or absence of the optical functional film.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hologram recording material which attains high refractive index change, high sensitivity, low scattering, environment resistance, durability, low dimensional change and high multiplicity, and is suitable for volume hologram recording; a process for producing the hologram recording material; and a hologram recording medium. A hologram recording material comprising a metal oxide matrix and a photopolymerizable compound, said metal oxide matrix having a halogen-containing organic group. The metal oxide matrix is formed by hydrolysis and polymerization reaction of a metal alkoxide compound, and said metal alkoxide compound includes a metal alkoxide compound represented by the following general formula (1): (RH)mM(OR)n??(1) wherein RH represents the halogen-containing organic group, R represents an alkyl group, M represents a metal atom, m represents 1 or 2, and m+n represents the valence of the metal atom M.

Abstract: Arrangements are made to enable different original images to be reproduced upon observation from different positions and yet enable reproduced images of high resolution to be obtained. In a case of recording two original images, each of the two original images Ia and Ib is defined as a set of point light sources in an XYZ global coordinate system, and two propagation spaces Sa and Sb, each enabling propagation of light emitted from an origin Q of an ??? local coordinate system, are defined. A predetermined recording plane and a reference light are set in the XYZ coordinate system, and an interference fringe pattern, which is formed on the recording plane by object light components from the point light sources constituting the respective original images and the reference light, is determined by computation.

Abstract: A hologram recording device includes a spatial light modulator having an informational light modulation region modulating part of light from a light source into informational light corresponding to information to be recorded and a reference light emission region emitting the remaining light as reference light, and records a hologram onto a recording medium (B) by causing the informational the reference lights to interfere on the recording medium while the informational and the reference lights are traveling along the same optical path.

Abstract: The present invention provides a computer generated hologram including a plurality of cells which form a light intensity distribution on a predetermined plane, the plurality of cells including a plurality of first cells including isotropic media and anisotropic media, and a plurality of second cells including anisotropic media alone, wherein the plurality of cells change a phase of incident light which impinges on each of the plurality of cells to form a phase distribution including N (N?2) for each of a wavefront of a linearly polarized light component in a first direction and a wavefront of a linearly polarized light component in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

Abstract: A recording/reproduction method of performing recording/reproduction of a hologram by illuminating a hologram recording medium, which has a recording layer in which information is recorded by interference fringes between signal light and reference light, with the signal light and/or the reference light as recording/reproduction light through an objective lens includes the step of: setting a focal position of the recording/reproduction light such that a distance from a surface of the hologram recording medium to the focal position of the recording/reproduction light is larger than a distance from the surface to a lower-layer-side surface of the recording layer and illuminating the hologram recording medium including an angle-selective reflective layer, which is formed below the recording layer and has a selective light reflection/transmission characteristic depending on a light incidence angle, with the recording/reproduction light the focal position of which has been set.

Abstract: A method and system for providing multi-color holographic optical traps and patterns. The method and system employs a laser beam which interacts with a diffractive optical element with a hologram and for optics which acts to selectively pass or attenuate different light color wavelengths and to position the particular color light at selected different locations to form the different color holographic optical trap patterns and to use these patterns for various commercial purposes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for encapsulating optical elements, particularly dichromated gelatin (DGC) holographic optical elements (HOEs), exhibits a very high degree of environmental integrity. In broad terms, the optical element is disposed between opposing plates, and a metal seal soldered to the edge(s) of the plates to seal the optical element therewithin. In the preferred embodiment, the metalization includes chrome and nickel, or alloys thereof, followed by gold or platinum. The metallization is preferably applied using a low-temperature process such as vacuum deposition or sputtering. The metal seal may be in the form of a foil or wire. One or both of the plates are compatible with wavelengths of interest, and the technique may be used in transmissive and reflective configurations.