Abstract: This application discloses a camera apparatus, including a photosensitive chip, a first lens mechanism, a second lens mechanism, and a light filter, where the first lens mechanism is arranged between the photosensitive chip and the second lens mechanism, the second lens mechanism includes a diffractive-refractive lens and a refractive index compensation layer, the refractive index compensation layer is overlapped with the diffractive-refractive lens, the light filter is located between the photosensitive chip and the first lens mechanism, ambient light passing through the second lens mechanism can be refracted and diffracted by the diffractive-refractive lens, and the refracted and diffracted ambient light can be projected onto the photosensitive chip sequentially passing through the first lens mechanism and the light filter.

Abstract: An apparatus for light delivery to magneto-optical trap (MOT) system utilizes only planar optical diffraction devices including a planar-integrated-circuit PIC and a metasurface MS. When MOT is based on the use of a diffraction grating, a grating chip is additionally employed to launch and manipulate light for laser cooling. Bridging the gap between the sub-micrometer-scale guided mode on the PIC and the centimeter-scale beam needed for laser cooling, a magnification of the mode area by about 1010 is demonstrated using an on-chip extreme-mode-converter to launch a Gaussian mode into free space from a PIC-waveguide and a beam-shaping, polarization-dependent MS to form a diverging laser beam with a flat-top spatial profile, which efficiently illuminates the grating chip without loss of light.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved diffraction structure for 3D display systems. The improved diffraction structure includes an intermediate layer that resides between a waveguide substrate and a top grating surface. The top grating surface comprises a first material that corresponds to a first refractive index value, the underlayer comprises a second material that corresponds to a second refractive index value, and the substrate comprises a third material that corresponds to a third refractive index value. According to additional embodiments, improved approaches are provided to implement deposition of imprint materials onto a substrate, which allow for very precise distribution and deposition of different imprint patterns onto any number of substrate surfaces.

Abstract: An optical lens device includes an optical substrate layer, an etched miniature-structure polarization layer and an etched miniature surface structure. The optical substrate layer is provided with a first surface and a second surface and a ray of light passes through the optical substrate layer. The etched miniature-structure polarization layer is provided on the first surface or the second surface of the optical substrate layer. The etched miniature surface structure is etched to form the miniature-structure etched polarization layer and provides a characteristic of optical polarization in the etched miniature-structure polarization layer. The etched miniature surface structure of the etched miniature-structure polarization layer provides an effect of optical polarization to the ray of light while passing through it.

Abstract: A three degrees of freedom (3DoFs) Wedge Air Bearing Translational Stage System (WABSS) for positioning of miniature components using a parallel kinematic mechanism. The system has three kinematic sub-chains situated at 120° apart from each other, where each sub-chain has one prismatic joint and one planar joint guided by air bearings. One central stage assembly (CSA) having three wedges with wedge planes oriented 45° to the horizontal plane is capable of translations along the X-, Y- and Z-axes for precision positioning of the targeted workpiece material held on the CSA. Following the parallel kinematic principle, the coordinated translations of the three slide bars produce 3DoFs translations to position CSA in each sub-chain. The linear geometric error along the Z-axis is independent from the angular tolerances due to its unique vertical structure.

Abstract: Provided in the present disclosure are a grating structure, a preparation method thereof and a display device. The preparation method of the grating structure includes: forming a plurality of first convex structures arranged in a first direction; and forming a first rubber material at least covering the plurality of first convex structures, and forming the grating structure including a plurality of second convex structures by using convex structures including the first convex structures and the first rubber material, wherein a surface of the first rubber material facing away from the first convex structures is a flat surface, and the convex structures including the first convex structures and the first rubber material are in one-to-one correspondence with the second convex structures, shapes of cross sections of the second convex structures in the first direction are triangles, and the second convex structures have at least one inclined flat surface.

Abstract: The technology provides a spectroscopy system having a fringe tilted grating that varies a refractive index to diffract light. The diffracting mechanism may be formed by modulating a refractive index to produce fringe planes that are oriented relative to each other through a depth of the grating material The spectroscopy system includes a detector that converts optical signals into electrical signals to render spectral data. The spectroscopy system employs the fringe tilted grating to minimize fictitious Raman peaks that correspond to a fluorescence response signature.

Abstract: In an embodiment, an augmented reality display provides an expanded eye box and enlarged field of view through the use of holographic optical elements. In at least one example, an incoupling element directs an image into a waveguide, which transmits the image to a set of outcoupling gratings. In one example, a set of holographic optical elements opposite the outcoupling elements reflect the image to the user with an enlarged field of view while maintaining an expanded eye box.

Abstract: An incident optical beam illuminates a subset of contiguous array of diffraction gratings on a substrate and produces one or more diffracted output beams. The grating array can be arranged so that (i) multiple incident beams result in a contiguous composite solid angle of far-field illumination, (ii) multiple output beams arising from any one incident beam do not overlap in the far field, or (iii) both. The gratings of the array can be arranged to produce a desired far-field illumination intensity profile. The grating array can be arranged so as to suppress or eliminate laser speckle arising from the output beams.

Abstract: A light source for structured light, comprising a plurality of light source elements arranged in an array, wherein the light source elements are configured to be driven in the following two modes: —a calibration mode, wherein only a part of light source elements are adapted to be driven; and —a normal mode, wherein the rest of the light source elements are adapted to be driven.

Abstract: Provided is a virtual image display device including an imaging light emitting device, a light-guiding member configured to guide imaging light emitted from the imaging light emitting device, and an emission-side diffraction element provided at a light-emitting portion of the light-guiding member and configured to emit the imaging light by diffraction. In the emission-side diffraction element, a light amount difference between a first component light and a second component light of the imaging light, the first component light being emitted as a central image at a first angle ? of 0° and the second component light being emitted as a peripheral image at a second angle ? of ±? (?>0°), is equal to or less than 20%.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present application disclose a privacy film, a preparation method thereof and a splice panel. The privacy film includes a substrate and a plurality of gratings disposed on the substrate, wherein the plurality of gratings are spaced in a first direction and a second direction, and the first direction intersects the second direction.

Abstract: A beam-splitting optical module (100), comprising: a light-emitting device (101); and a diffractive optical element (103), wherein the diffractive optical element (103) is provided in a light exit path of the light-emitting device (101), and is configured to modulate incident light to project at least two groups of light beams, and can form, on a target surface (105), at least two groups of light spots, the number of groups of which corresponds to that of the light beams, wherein polarization directions of at least two groups of light beams are different, and/or optical distances from the light-emitting device (101) to the target surface (105) are different.

Abstract: The optical system includes a projector, a deflector, a polarizer, a first grating coupler structure, and a second grating coupler structure. The projector emits three beams having different wavelengths. The deflector is disposed below the projector and is configured to change incident angles of the three beams and to focus the three beams at the same region of the first grating coupler structure. The first grating coupler structure is below the deflector and is configured to couple the three beams into a light-guide lens such that the three beams travel the same optical path within the light-guide lens. The light-guide lens is connected to the first grating coupler structure and is configured to transmit the three beams. The polarizer is disposed between the projector and the deflector and is configured to filter out transverse electric (TE) modes or transverse magnetic (TM) modes of the three beams.

Abstract: Provided is a femtosecond laser system for processing a micro-hole array, comprising: a femtosecond laser, a half-wave plate, a polarizer, a concave lens, a convex lens, a diaphragm, a mechanical shutter, a phase-type spatial light modulator, a first plano-convex lens, a reflecting mirror, a second plano-convex lens, a dichroic mirror, a camera, a processing objective lens, a six-axis translation stage and a transmissive white light source.

Abstract: An optical device is provided that exhibits a variable optical effect upon illumination. The optical device has a diffractive structure comprising: a portion of a first kinoform diffractive structure that encodes a first image, arranged to form a first diffractive region (11) of the diffractive structure; and a portion of a second kinoform diffractive structure that encodes a second image, arranged to form a second diffractive region (13) of the diffractive structure; wherein the first diffractive region and the second diffractive region are laterally separate; and each of the first diffractive region and the second diffractive region are discernible by the naked human eye. Methods of manufacture of such optical devices are also disclosed.

Abstract: A large-aperture four-piece optical lens includes a first lens with positive focal power, a second lens with negative focal power, a third lens with positive focal power and a fourth lens with positive focal power which are sequentially arranged. A back of the fourth lens is provided with an image surface, an aperture diaphragm is arranged at a front end of the first lens or between the second lens and the third lens, and a vignetting diaphragm is arranged on an S7 surface of the fourth lens. An equivalent focal length of the fourth lens is greater than that of the third lens, and the equivalent focal length of the fourth lens is greater than that of the first lens. Each lens has a low sensitivity to an axial tolerance and a low assembly difficulty, and an energy utilization rate can be improved by increasing a numerical aperture.

Abstract: Optical elements and systems are disclosed that can be incorporated into buildings to prevent beam sunlight from entering through apertures of the building while allowing diffuse skylight to enter the building through the apertures. The optical system comprises optical elements configured to admit diffuse skylight through an aperture in the building envelope, while reflecting away the beam sunlight incident on the aperture in the building envelope. The apertures can be, for example, windows in walls or skylights in roofs of the building envelope. The optical system works for both windows in the walls and skylights in the roof, with somewhat different configurations for those two parts of the building envelope.

Abstract: A scale includes: a substrate; scale gratings that are formed on a face of the substrate and has a plurality of gratings at a predetermined interval; and a protective layer that is made of fluoride and covers the scale gratings and an exposed portion of the face of the substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus for structuring a roller surface is proposed, wherein the apparatus has a laser source and an optical system, wherein the laser source is designed for generating laser pulses, wherein the optical system has at least one beam shaper, at least one beam splitter, and a focusing unit, wherein the combination of beam shaper and beam splitter is arranged between the laser source and the focusing unit.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus for laser radar, which includes: a light source including a light emitting array composed of M*N light emitting unit(s) configured for transmitting M*N beam(s) of light, where each row of the light emitting units of the light emitting array are arranged along a first direction, each column of the light emitting units of the light emitting array are arranged along a second direction; a collimating mirror configured for collimating the M*N beam(s) of light; a diffusion sheet including a first field of view in the first direction configured for converting the M*N beam(s) of light into M*N beam(s) of linear light with a first divergence angle in the first direction, and projecting the linear light to a target object to form N linear light spots parallel to the first direction, and the first field of view being equal to the first divergence angle.

Abstract: A light modulation element reproduces a light image in a specific color other than iridescence where white light is incident, without a layer that selectively transmits or reflects a specific wavelength band, and clearly reproduces a desired light image by reducing an influence of 0th-order diffracted light, and an information recording medium including the same. The light modulation element includes a factor element that reproduces a light image by modulating a phase of incident reproduction light, and has an uneven surface. A maximum diffraction efficiency Dmax in a wavelength band of between 380 nm and 780 nm in wavelength distribution of first-order diffracted light and of negative first-order diffracted light with respect to diffraction efficiency for the factor element has a local maximum value with a full width at half maximum FWHM of 200 nm or less in wavelength distribution with respect to diffraction efficiency having the maximum diffraction efficiency.

Abstract: Provided is a multi-viewpoint 3D display screen, comprising: a display panel, comprising a plurality of composite pixels, wherein each composite pixel of the plurality of composite pixels comprises a plurality of composite subpixels, and each composite subpixel of the plurality of composite subpixels comprises a plurality of subpixels corresponding to a plurality of viewpoints of the multi-viewpoint 3D display screen; and a grating, directly bonded to the display panel. In the multi-viewpoint 3D display screen, the grating without a pad layer can be realized, and meanwhile, a 3D viewing effect under a predetermined distance is ensured, and an overall thickness and weight are reduced, thereby being convenient for installation and transportation. A 3D display terminal is also provided.

Abstract: A display device includes an image display element, a collimator, a first light guide formed of a flat plate transparent to light, a second light guide formed of a plate member transparent to the light and having one surface that is a flat surface in contact with one of surfaces of the first light guide and the other surface that is a sawtooth surface, and a beam splitter formed on an interface between the first and second light guides to transmit a part of the light and reflect the remainder thereof. The sawtooth surface is configured by alternately combining a first surface non-parallel to a propagating direction of the light propagating through the second light guide after passing through the interface and configured to transmit the light and a second surface substantially parallel to the propagating direction.

Abstract: A display module includes a plurality of light-emitting elements and a sealing element sealing the plurality of light-emitting elements. The sealing element includes a base part including a transparent material and a cover layer. The cover layer is in contact with a surface of the base part and includes a plurality of first patterns, each of which is engraved in an intaglio manner to a first depth, and a plurality of second patterns, each of which is engraved in an intaglio manner to a second depth different from the first depth.

Abstract: A diffraction light guide plate capable of increasing the area of an output image without increasing the total size thereof and having an advantage that the pupil position of a user is not limited. The diffraction light guide plate comprises first and second diffraction optical elements, wherein the first diffraction optical element is an element capable of receiving light incident onto the first diffraction optical element and outputting the received light toward the second diffraction optical element, and the second diffraction optical element is an element capable of emitting light therefrom out of the incident light from the first diffraction optical element.

Abstract: A multifocal IOL including at least one diffractive surface including a plurality of discrete, adjacent, diffractive, concentric rings, having a radial phase profile cross-section with a near-symmetrical diffractive surface topography, and an odd number, greater than three, of diffractive orders and an asymmetrical distribution of energy flux over the diffractive orders.

Abstract: A method for preparing a metal-dielectric strip array based super-resolution lens includes: performing lithography on a first material layer on a first substrate to obtain a grating structure; alternately depositing second and third material layers until the grating structure is filled up, to obtain a first transition structure, one of the second and third material layers being of metal, and the other one being of dielectric; performing planarization on the first transition structure at least reach the top of the grating structure, to obtain a second transition structure; adhering an upper surface of the second transition structure to a second substrate; removing the first substrate, and performing overturning to make the second transition structure be on the second substrate to obtain a third transition structure; and performing planarization again to at least reach the top of finally deposited second or third material layer, to obtain the super-resolution lens.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element includes: a diffraction unit; and a lens unit disposed on a light incident side of the diffraction unit. The lens unit includes: a substrate; and a protrusion and recess portion disposed on a side opposite to a light incident side of the substrate. The protrusion and recess portion includes: a periodic structure of a relief-protrusion portion disposed in a central part, a periodic structure of a stepwise grating disposed in a central part simulating the relief-protrusion portion, or a combination thereof; and a grating disposed in a portion other than the central part. The number of steps of the stepwise grating disposed in the central part is larger than the number of steps of the grating disposed in the portion other than the central part.

Abstract: Techniques are described for enhanced eye tracking for display systems, such as augmented or virtual reality display systems. The display systems may include a light source configured to output light, a moveable diffractive grating configured to reflect light from the light source, the reflected light forming a scan pattern on the eye of the user, and light detectors to detect light reflected from the eye. The orientation of the diffractive grating can be moved such that the light reflected from the diffractive grating is scanned across the eye according to the scan pattern. Light intensity pattern(s) are obtained via the light detectors, with a light intensity pattern representing a light detector signal obtained by detecting light reflected by the eye as the light is scanned across the eye. One or more physiological characteristics of the eye are determined based on detected light intensity pattern(s).

Abstract: An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has: a body for carrying an article; at least one rotor; and a light source for generating a light beam to indicate the landing zone for the UAV. The UAV, in use, is flown to a desired location, that might be a site of an emergency with no defined landing zone. The UAV descends, and, while descending the light source is operated to illuminate and to define a landing zone. The UAV can be provided with lights and an audio source to warn and advise bystanders that the UAV is landing and to stand clear of the landing zone.

Abstract: An electronic device may include a display that generates light for an optical system that redirects the light towards an eye box. The optical system may include a waveguide, a non-diffractive input coupler, a cross coupler, and an output coupler. The cross coupler may expand the light in a first direction. The cross coupler may perform an even number of diffractions on the light and may couple the light back into the waveguide at an angle suitable for total internal reflection. The output coupler may expand the light in a second direction while coupling the light out of the waveguide. The cross coupler may include surface relief gratings or holographic gratings embedded within the waveguide or formed in a separate substrate. The optical system may direct the light towards the eye box without chromatic dispersion and while supporting an expanded field of view and optical bandwidth.

Abstract: Systems and methods described herein relate to the manufacture of optical elements and optical systems. An example system may include an optical component configured to direct light from a light source to illuminate a photoresist material at a desired angle and to expose at least a portion of an angled structure in the photoresist material, where the photoresist material overlays at least a portion of a top surface of a substrate. The optical component includes a container containing an light-coupling material that is selected based in part on the desired angle. The optical component also includes a mirror arranged to reflect at least a portion of the light to illuminate the photoresist material at the desired angle.

Abstract: The subject matter of this specification can be implemented in, among other things, a system that includes a light source to produce a first beam and one or more first optical elements to impart an orbital angular momentum (OAM) to at least some of a plurality of output beams obtained from the first beam. The system further includes an output optical device to direct the output beams towards a target object and a plurality of photodetectors to generate signals representative of a difference between an input phase information, carried by one or more beams reflected from the target object, and an output phase information, carried by one of local copies of the output beams. The system further includes a processing device to determine, using the difference between the input phase information and the output phase information, one or more orthogonal components of a velocity of the target object.

Abstract: A double-sided aspheric diffractive multifocal lens and methods of manufacturing and design of such lenses in the field of ophthalmology. The lens can include an optic comprising an aspheric anterior surface and an aspheric posterior surface. On one of the two surfaces a plurality of concentric diffractive multifocal zones can be designed. The other surface can include a toric component. The double-sided aspheric surface design results in improvement of the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the lens-eye combination by aberration reduction and vision contrast enhancement as compared to one-sided aspheric lens. The surface having a plurality of concentric diffractive multifocal zones produces a near focus, an intermediate focus, and a distance focus.

Abstract: Methods and systems for imaging a target. In some examples, a system includes an optical modulator configured for applying, at each time of an exposure window, a respective optical modulation pattern to a received image of the target to output a modulated image. The system includes a camera configured for capturing a single image frame for the exposure window by receiving, at each of time, the modulated image of the target. The system includes a demodulator implemented on a computer system and configured for demodulating the single image frame based on the optical modulation patterns to recover a number of recovered image frames each depicting the target at a respective recovered time within the exposure window.

Abstract: A glass container including a body having a delamination factor less than or equal to 10 and at least one marking is described. The body has an inner surface, an outer surface, and a wall thickness extending between the outer surface and the inner surface. The marking is located within the wall thickness. In particular, the marking is a portion of the body having a refractive index that differs from a refractive index of an unmarked portion of the body. Methods of forming the marking within the body are also described.

Abstract: A metalens configured to shape the focus light into a flexibly designed pattern. The present teachings demonstrate the engineering of metalens with artificial focus pattern by creating line and ring-shaped focus as ‘drawing tools’. These metalens are fabricated through a single layer of silicon-based material through CMOS compatible nano fabrication process. The mechanism to generate artificial focus pattern can be applied to a plethora of future on-chip optical devices with applications ranging from beam engineering to next generation nano lithography.

Abstract: A dielectric grating apparatus comprises a substrate; a grating layer, disposed above the substrate; a first interference layer, disposed above the substrate; and a second interference layer, adjacent to the first interference layer, wherein a refractive index of a material of the second interference layer is greater than a refractive index of a material of the first interference layer.

Abstract: A projection exposure method for exposing a radiation-sensitive substrate with at least one image of a pattern of a mask is provided in which an illumination field of the mask is illuminated by illumination radiation with an operating wavelength ? that was provided by an illumination system.

Abstract: A backlight unit of the present disclosure includes: a backlight including a plurality of light-emitting devices that are allowed to emit light at mutually different timings and include a first light-emitting device and a second light-emitting device; and a controller that controls a light emission operation of the backlight to cause the first light-emitting device and the second light-emitting device to emit light with mutually different average light emission intensities in a first sub-frame period of a plurality of sub-frame periods provided corresponding to a frame period.

Abstract: An ophthalmic lens includes an optic comprising an anterior surface, a posterior surface, and an optical axis. At least one of the anterior surface and the posterior surface has a surface profile including a base curvature and a plurality of morphed sinusoidal phase shift structures. The base curvature may correspond to a base optical power of the ophthalmic lens, and the morphed sinusoidal phase shift structures may be configured to extend depth of focus of the ophthalmic lens at intermediate or near viewing distances.

Abstract: There is provided an exit pupil expander (EPE) for use in a diffractive display, the EPE comprising a plurality of diffractive zones on a waveguide and a plurality of non-diffractive zones between at least some of the diffractive zones.

Abstract: An example head-mounted display device includes a plurality of optical elements in optical communication. The optical elements are configured to project an image in a field of view of a user wearing the head-mounted display device. A first optical element is configured to receive light from a second optical element. The first optical element defines a grating at along a periphery of the first optical element. The grating includes a plurality of protrusions extending from a base portion of the first optical element. The protrusions include a first material having a first optical dispersion profile for visible wavelengths of light. The grating also includes a second material disposed between at least some of the plurality of protrusions along the base portion of the first optical element. The second material has a second optical dispersion profile for visible wavelengths of light.

Abstract: Various embodiments relate to an FTIR-based diffractive optical structure, and a waveguide device and an augmented reality display each including same. The augmented reality display may comprise: a projector configured to provide light related to an image; and a waveguide device for outputting at least a part of the light, wherein: the waveguide device comprises a waveguide and a diffractive optical structure disposed on one surface of the waveguide; and the diffractive optical structure comprises an expansion grating disposed at the one surface of the waveguide and an output grating disposed along the axis perpendicular to the one surface of the waveguide and overlapping at least a partial area of the expansion grating.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an optical component, which may be a metasurface grating, including (a) a substrate; and (b) an array of subwavelength-spaced phase-shifting elements, which are tessellated on the substrate to produce, when illuminated with a polarized incident light, a diffracted light beam with a distinct polarization state for each of a finite number of diffraction orders, wherein the finite number is 2 or more.

Abstract: A multifocal IOL including at least one diffractive surface including a plurality of discrete, adjacent, diffractive, concentric rings, having a radial phase profile cross-section with a near-symmetrical diffractive surface topography, and an odd number, greater than three, of diffractive orders and an asymmetrical distribution of energy flux over the diffractive orders.

Abstract: A part includes a surface that having a rich textured appearance formed by an anisotropic repeating pattern including first regions having a first microtexture, and second regions having a second microtexture different from the first microtexture. A metalized layer covers the regions and presents different finishes depending on the microtexture thereunder. In an example embodiment, the first microtexture is highly reflective and the second microtexture is rough to cause a non-specular reflection of incident light. The part may include three-dimensional structures arranged to correspond with the repeating pattern. The three-dimensional structures may be spaced-apart by a base plane that may be flat or which may include some texture or structure. The three-dimensional structures may each include one or more planar portions and/or one or more curved surfaces. Each face or surface of the three-dimensional structures and/or each region of the base plane may have one or more different microtextures.

Abstract: An example optical assembly includes a display, a light source for illuminating the display, and a diffraction type polarizing beam splitter (DT-PBS) configured to direct light from a light director, wherein the DT-PBS is polarization sensitive and configured to direct, based on polarization, a first portion of light towards the display.

Abstract: The security document, such as a passport, comprises a lightguide having an incoupler structure and in outcoupler structure. The outcoupler structure is sparse in the sense that any part of the protective area is close to a part of the outcoupler structure. However, to secure a large protective area with a limited amount of incoupled light, outcoupler structure covers no more than 20% of the protective area. This allows to protect a large area of the security document, such as a photograph or other personalized information, by means of the lightguide.