Abstract: Disclosed are methods and devices for color compensation of a display having a translucent display cover applied to an outside surface of the display. A method may include characterizing a color shift due to the translucent display cover for when there is rendering of an image on the display and compensating for the color shift when rendering an image on the display. The method further may include measuring the color shift induced by the color of the finish, and as described below compensating the red, green, and blue (RGB) levels of the display so that the display image may be presented to the user as originally intended. In this way, the image quality may be substantially optimized for viewing regardless of the lens/cover surface color.

Abstract: A method and system for performing three-dimensional holographic microscopy of an optically trapped structure. The method and system use an inverted optical microscope, a laser source which generates a trapping laser beam wherein the laser beam is focused by an objective lens into a plurality of optical traps. The method and system also use a collimated laser at an imaging wavelength to illuminate the structure created by the optical traps. Imaging light scattered by the optically tapped structure forms holograms that are imaged by a video camera and analyzed by optical formalisms to determine light field to reconstruct 3-D images for analysis and evaluation.

Abstract: A single-mode, etched facet distributed Bragg reflector laser includes an AlGaInAs/InP laser cavity, a front mirror stack with multiple Fabry-Perot elements, a rear DBR reflector, and a rear detector. The front mirror stack elements and the rear reflector elements include input and output etched facets, and the laser cavity is an etched ridge cavity, all formed from an epitaxial wafer by a two-step lithography and CAIBE process.

Abstract: A longitudinal interference fringe pattern projection lens with a lens body is provided. The lens body includes a lens first surface that has two convex portions or two concave portions that extend in parallel to each other in a constant direction and have the same shape, and a lens second surface. Laser light passing through one convex or concave portion interferes with laser light passing through the other convex or concave portion to form a longitudinal interference fringe pattern.

Abstract: Plasmon-enable devices such as ultra-small resonant devices produce electromagnetic radiation at frequencies in excess of microwave frequencies when induced to resonate by a passing electron beam. The resonant devices are surrounded by one or more depressed anodes to recover energy from the passing electron beam as/after the beam couples its energy into the ultra-small resonant devices.

Abstract: A reflection of unnecessary light, which should be prevented, can be suppressed, and occurrence of stray light can be reduced using a member having an antireflection structure, comprising a plate-like portion 2, and an aperture portion 3 formed in the plate-like portion 2, wherein the antireflection structure having an aspect ratio of 1 or more and comprising structural elements arranged in an array form at a period smaller than the shortest wavelength of light, the reflection of which should be prevented, is formed on an inner wall 4 of the aperture portion 3.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a laser projection system (1) having means for reducing the coherence of a generated laser beam (3) in order to reduce the occurrence of annoying speckle artifacts in images produced by the system. Coherence is reduced by letting the laser beam (3) pass through a transparent cell (6) comprising first (A) and second (B) immiscible fluids having different refractive indices. The fluids are displaced in the cell, preferably using an electrowetting technique. The cell (6) may thus be realized as an electrowetting lens, which is driven with a pseudo random driving signal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus involve an optical element having a passband with a center wavelength, and filtering radiation having first and second portions that arrive along a path of travel extending to the optical element. The first portion includes radiation inside the passband, and the second portion includes radiation above and below the passband. The optical element transmits one of the first and second portions of the radiation therethrough, and reflects the other of the first and second portions of the radiation therefrom. The optical element is supported for a range of movement relative to the path of travel. As the optical element moves through the range of movement, the center wavelength changes.

Abstract: A lithographic projection apparatus includes an illumination system, an interchangeable upper optics module, and a lower optics module. The illumination system provides a beam of radiation. The interchangeable upper optics module receives the beam and includes, sequentially, a beam splitter that splits the beam into portions, an aperture plate, and a plurality of reflecting surfaces. The lower optics module receives portions of the beam from respective ones the reflecting surfaces and directs the portions of the beam onto a substrate. Interference fringes or contact hole patterns are formed on the substrate using the portions of the beam.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an interferometer, comprising at least a beamsplitter (10), at least one end reflector (11) for returning beams (S2, S3), and a set of reflectors (14, 15) for reflecting the beams (S2, S3) between the beamsplitter (10) and the end reflector (11) or the end reflectors, at least some of said set of reflectors (14, 15) being adapted to be rotatable around an axis (?). Said set of reflectors comprises two angle reflectors (14, 15), constituted by plane reflectors, and the said end reflector (11) is or the end reflectors are an angle reflector constituted by plane reflectors (11?, 11?). An angle line of the end reflector (11) is or the angle lines of end reflectors are arranged perpendicular to an angle line of both of the angle reflectors (14, 15).

Abstract: In an optical assembly having a light source which provides two optically different light components with essentially planar wavefronts on an optical axis, wherein the light components differ at least in their wavelength; in the case of an objective lens which projects the two optically different light components into a projection space; and in the case of an optical component which is arranged on the optical axis and has an plane through which the wavefronts of the two light components pass and in which at least two different areas of the optical component with different dispersion behaviors n(?) abut against one another in the lateral direction with respect to the optical axis; the optical component causes phase shifts of the wavefronts of the two light components, wherein the phase shift of the wavefronts of the one light component differs by at least one quarter of the wavelength of that light component between the two different areas, and wherein the phase shift of the wavefronts of the other light compo

Abstract: An electronic light modulator device for at least partially displaying a pixel of an image, the device comprising first and second reflectors defining an optical cavity therebetween, the optical cavity being selective of an electromagnetic wavelength at an intensity by optical interference, the device having at least first and second optical states, at least one of the optical states being tunable and the other not tunable.

Abstract: A focus enhancing electromagnetic wave propagating device includes a main body formed with a main wave-propagating structure (MS) for focusing an electromagnetic wave into a focusing light spot, and an auxiliary wave-propagating channel (AC) for allowing the wave to propagate toward the focusing light spot. A phase difference is present between the wave after traveling through the MS at its exit end and the wave after traveling through the AC at its exit opening, such that constructive interference is generated at the focusing light spot therebetween. The required phase difference is a function of a distance between the focusing light spot and the exit end of the MS, a distance between the focusing light spot and the exit opening of the AC, velocities of the wave after traveling through each of the MS and the AC, and angular frequencies of the wave after traveling through each of the MS and the AC.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for secure transmission of an information-containing optical signal. An optical signal is divided into a first plurality of sub-bands. Each of the sub-bands is modified to encrypt the information contained in the optical signal. The modified sub-bands are combined into a combined optical signal. The combined optical signal is divided into a second plurality of sub-bands. Each of the second plurality of sub-bands is modified to decrypt the previously encrypted information contained in the optical signal.

Abstract: A method for detecting binding of biological and/or chemical components of liquid or gaseous mixtures and solutions, which are of mainly biological origin and/or determine parameters of living activity of biological objects, to substances that bind said components due to a biological, chemical or physical interaction; and analysis of mixtures and solutions to determine presence of biological and/or chemical components. Binding substances are arranged on a surface of or inside a sensor layer, which changes its thickness due to the binding being detected; the layer is affected by light of different wavelengths; a signal due to interference on the sensor layer is registered in the reflected or transmitted light.

Abstract: The invention relates to a phase shifting device for switching the polarization state of an electromagnetic wave. Two waveguide sections have an exterior rectangular opening defined in their end surfaces. A dielectric break is situated substantially collinearly with the longitudinal axis of the waveguide in substantially a center of the waveguide. In one embodiment, a central structure includes a cylinder having a permeability greater than that of a vacuum, and having two substantially circular end faces situated in perpendicular orientation to a longitudinal axis of the cylinder and two dielectric cones. A magnetic field source switches a polarization of the electromagnetic wave causing a phase shift of the electromagnetic wave of substantially zero degrees when the controllable magnetic field is off and a pre-determined phase shift when the controllable magnetic field is on. The invention can be used in an interferometer apparatus and a phased array apparatus.

Abstract: A system and method for regulating micromirror position in a digital micromirror device. The system and method adjusts micromirror operating temperature and/or a reset sequence of the micromirror by determining a desired tilt angle, adjusting voltage potentials of signals in a reference reset sequence, and saving the adjusted reset sequence. The adjustments are used to alter a voltage potential difference between micromirrors of the digital micromirror device and respective address lines, thereby allowing for a precise regulation of a tilt angle of the micromirrors. Additionally, the operating temperature of the digital micromirror device may also be controlled to regulate micromirror position. The precise control of the tilt angle of the micromirrors permits the use of digital micromirror devices in systems requiring fine focus and increased focus depth, such as photolithography and holography.

Abstract: Improvements in an interferometric modulator that has a cavity defined by two walls.

Abstract: The invention relates to an optical system for providing on-axis destructive interference of light received from an object along a predetermined system optical axis. The system comprises a receiving and guiding optical structure and a combining optical structure. The receiving and guiding optical structure is for receiving and guiding at least three beams of light received from the receiving and guiding optical structure arranged to provide a relative optical path difference between the at least three beams; the combining optical structure is for combining the at least three beams. According to the invention, a polarization varying optical structure is arranged between the receiving and guiding optical structure and the combining optical structure, for varying a polarization state of the beams relative to each other in order to provide on-axis destructive interference.

Abstract: A method of reducing optical fringing of a coated substrate is described. The method comprises providing a (e.g. light transmissive) substrate; providing a primer having an unmatched refractive index, and applying the primer to the substrate forming a primer layer having an optically significant thickness. The primer layer in combination with the substrate has a percent reflectance at a maximum at a wavelength of interest. Also described are articles comprising a substrate, a primer having an unmatched refractive index, a high refractive index layer, and optional low refractive index layer such as an antireflective film article.

Abstract: A multi-beam interferometer, typically for use in Optical Coherence Tomography, comprising a multiple beam source, the source being arranged so as to provide, in use, a plurality of beams of light for use in the interferometer, the source comprising: a light source arranged to, in use, emit a beam of light; and a rattle plate comprising a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface facing one another, the second reflective surface being only partially reflective.

Abstract: A plasmonic Fabry-Perot filter includes a first partial mirror and a second partial mirror separated from the first partial mirror by a gap. At least one of the first partial mirror or the second partial mirror includes an integrated plasmonic optical filter array.

Abstract: An arrangement for multiplexing and/or demultiplexing optical signals having a plurality of wavelengths, including a multiplex body having two parallel surfaces between which light is reflected back and forth and in this case is coupled in or out in a wavelength-dependent manner, and structures for coupling optical signals into or out of the multiplex body. According to the invention, the structures for coupling optical signals into or out of the multiplex body have a plurality of essentially structurally identical subassemblies, each subassembly having an optoelectronic transducer and an associated optical system, by which light having a wavelength is respectively coupled into or out of the multiplex body.

Abstract: An exemplary optical modulator includes an interferometer. The interferometer includes an input optical coupler, an output optical coupler, and two or more controllable optical waveguides. Each controllable optical waveguide connects the input optical coupler to the output optical coupler and has an electro-absorption modulator along a segment thereof. Two of the controllable optical waveguides are connected to transmit to an output of the output optical coupler light of substantially different maximum amplitude.

Abstract: There is provided a multi-cavity optical filter providing a substantially parabolic group delay response with a negative second derivative over a wide bandwidth. The optical filter is made by cascading a plurality of reflective elements wherein a highly reflective element is not positioned at the end of the cascade but is rather inserted between elements of lower reflectivity. The resulting filter has a substantially parabolic group delay response with a negative second derivative when light is injected in one direction of light injection.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a protective cover system. One embodiment of the present invention relates to a multi-layer protective cover system configured to be disposed over a transparent object. Particular embodiments relate to incorporating the system with electronic devices and articles of eyewear that include transparent objects such as display screens and lenses respectively. Each layer of the system includes a transparent member, an adhesion system, and a removal system. The transparent member is shaped to two dimensionally conform or exceed the dimensions of an exposed outer surface of the transparent object. The adhesion system removably couples the transparent member to the transparent object in a manner that does not significantly affect the transparency of the combination. The removal system allows individual layers to be removed without substantially affecting the remaining layers or the transparency of the system.

Abstract: Provided are a photonic crystal type color filter and a reflective liquid crystal display (“LCD”) device having the same. The photonic crystal type color filter includes a substrate, and a photonic crystal disposed on the substrate and having a two-dimensional (2D) grating structure.

Abstract: Disclosed are apparatus and methods for fabricating a static interferometric display device. A plurality of sputtering modules is used to form static interferometric elements on a substrate. These elements each have a plurality of interferometric sub-elements that each has an interferometric stack. A first sub-element of each element is formed so that an interferometric modulation of light due to the first element's stack transmits at a first color, and a second sub-element of each element is formed so that a second color is transmitted. The sub-elements of each element are arranged with respect to each other so that all of the elements appear as a third color to a user if all the sub-elements of each element are left unmasked. A printing system is then used to mask one or more sub-elements of one or more elements so as to form, with the elements, a static image having multiple colors.

Abstract: Methods of fabricating a static interferometric image device and static interferometric image device formed by the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method includes providing a substrate. A plurality of liquid layers are formed over the substrate by an inkjet process such that the layers are lateral to one another. The liquid layers contain a solidifiable material or particles. Then, the plurality of liquid layers are solidified to form a plurality of solid layers. In some embodiments, the substrate includes pre-defined cavities, and the liquid layers are formed in the cavities. In other embodiments, the substrate includes a substantially planar, stepped, or continuously transitioning surface, and the liquid layers are formed on the surface. The inkjet process provides optical fillers or spacers for defining interferometric gaps between absorbers and reflectors in the display device, based at least partially on an image that the display device is designed to display.

Abstract: An optical device includes an optical splitter having an input port, a first output port and a second output port and is adapted to receive at said input port a WDM optical signal including a plurality of channels equally spaced by a frequency spacing and occupying an optical bandwidth, and wherein the optical splitter is adapted to output at the first and second output ports, respectively, a first and a second portion of the optical signal; an optical combiner having a respective first and second input ports and a respective output port; a first optical path optically connecting the first output port of the optical splitter to the first input port of the optical combiner; a second optical path optically connecting the second output port of the optical splitter to the second input port of the optical combiner, a first optical filter optically coupled along the first optical path, and a second optical filter optically coupled to the second optical path and the free spectral range of both the first and the seco

Abstract: An optical receiver comprises branching units for branching and supplying the signal lights to be inputted to the first to fourth optical waveguides provided on a substrate, second to third optical waveguides for giving delay time differences corresponding to a symbol of the DMPSK modulated signal, a demodulating unit for demodulating two light signals through interference of signal lights between the first to second optical waveguides and between the third to fourth optical waveguides, two optical detectors for converting two light signals from the demodulating unit, and a light path length varying unit for identically varying each light path length of two optical waveguides being arranged through selection of combinations of the first and third optical waveguides, the first and fourth optical waveguides, and the second and third optical waveguides in one region when the wavelength of the signal light is varied.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel liquid crystal displays comprising a broad backlight emission around 530 nm and a green color filter containing a phthalocyanine colorant, most adequately tetrahydroxy- or tetraalkoxy-substituted but lacking solubilizing groups.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a large area undistorted imaging apparatus for light speckles and a method thereof. The large area undistorted imaging apparatus for light speckles comprises a light-emitting device, a light-limiting module, and a sensor. The light-limiting module is adapted in front of the sensor, and includes a plurality of light-limiting members. The light-limiting members are arranged in a one- or two-dimensional array. When the light-emitting device emits light to an object surface, one or more rays of scattered light are produced. By means of the light-limiting module, said one or more rays of scattered light are limited, and a plurality of rays of diffraction light is produced. The plurality of rays of diffraction light within a certain angular field of view produced by a light-limiting member interferes with each other and produces a plurality of undistorted light speckles, and forms an array of light-speckle images on the sensor.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for reducing back-glass deflection in an interferometric modulator display device are provided. In one embodiment, an interferometric modulator display is provided that includes a including a substrate, an optical stack formed on the substrate, a moveable reflective layer formed over the optical stack, and a backplate attached to the substrate. The moveable reflective layer includes one or more first posts extending therefrom, in which one or more of the first posts are operable to protect the moveable reflective layer by contacting at least a portion of the backplate if the backplate is deflected.

Abstract: A structure of a color filter is provided. The color filter structure includes a substrate, in which a number of first pixel regions, a number of second pixel regions, and a number of third pixel regions are defined on the substrate. Each first pixel region includes a first stack layer; each second pixel region includes a second stack layer; and each third pixel region includes the first stack layer and the second stack layer.

Abstract: An interferometer system includes an optical bench and at least two mirror structures, being patterned from one or more layers on the optical bench and erected to extend substantially perpendicularly to the bench to define two interferometer arms to provide a Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) interferometer. The MEMS interferometer is further implemented in a Fourier transform spectrometer, which includes a common housing containing the interferometer and a gas cell, possibly including a preconcentrator.

Abstract: The invention provides systems and methods enabling high fidelity quantum communication over long communication channels even in the presence of significant loss in the channels. The invention involves laser manipulation of quantum correlated atomic ensembles using linear optic components (110, 120), optical sources of low intensity pulses (10), interferers in the form of beam splitters (150), and single-photon detectors (180, 190) requiring only moderate efficiencies. The invention provides fault-tolerant entanglement generation and connection using a sequence of steps that each provide built-in entanglement purification and that are each resilient to realistic noise levels. The invention relies upon collective rather single particle excitations in atomic ensembles and results in communication efficiency scaling polynomially with the total length of the communication channel.

Abstract: A general method is disclosed of designing two-component dichroic short-pass filters operable for incidence angle distributions over the 0-30° range, and specific preferred embodiments are listed. The method is based on computer optimization algorithms for an N-layer design, specifically the N-dimensional conjugate-gradient minimization of a merit function based on difference from a target transmission spectrum, as well as subsequent cycles of needle synthesis for increasing N. A key feature of the method is the initial filter design, upon which the algorithm proceeds to iterate successive design candidates with smaller merit functions. This initial design, with high-index material H and low-index L, is (0.75 H, 0.5 L, 0.75 H)?m, denoting m (20-30) repetitions of a three-layer motif, giving rise to a filter with N=2m+1.

Abstract: A filter module, has an excellent high temperature and high humidity resistance. The filter module includes an optical filter assembly including multilayer filters and transparent members that is dropped into a bore formed in a metallic base. An adhesive4 is injected into a space between an inner wall of the bore and side surfaces of the optical filter assembly such that the edges of bonding surfaces of the multilayer filters and the transparent members are completely covered.

Abstract: A method for creating a periodic interference pattern of coherent waves in two or three dimensions, D, includes generating at least D+2 waves, where each wave has substantially the same wavelength, ?, and travels substantially in a unique direction, kn. The waves are directed such that at least a portion of each wave intersects in a common excitation region to create the interface pattern. The directions, kn, of the waves are selected such that the interference pattern within the excitation region forms a Bravais lattice, and at least one wave travels substantially in a direction, ki, such that one or more symmetry operations characteristic of the Bravais lattice map the direction of the wave, kj, onto a direction of a different wave, kj. Tthe directions of the waves, kn, do not all lie on a D-dimensional set of mutually orthogonal axes.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a laminated member with an recorded information code, having a high reading accuracy, which do not detract from product design and which do not require a special reading apparatus. A laminated member 10 of the present invention comprises a transparent material layer 12 on which an information code is recorded, and a reflection-reduction layer 14 provided at the opposite side from a side where the information code is observed. The transparent layer 12 comprises low-reflectance portions 18 and high-reflectance portions 16 having a higher reflectance than the low-reflectance portions 18. The information code is recorded as a distributed pattern of the high-reflectance portions 16. The reflection-reduction layer 14 reduces reflected light advancing to the transparent material layer 12.

Abstract: Microscope with heightened resolution and linear scanning wherein the sample is illuminated with a first and a second illuminating light, whereby the first illuminating light excites the sample, and the second illuminating light is generated through the refraction of coherent light at a periodic structure and displays a periodic structure in a lateral beam direction and in axial beam direction.

Abstract: A multilayered polymer film includes a first set of optical layers and a second set of optical layers. The first set of optical layers is made from a polyester which is often birefringent. The polyesters of the first set of optical layers typically have a composition in which 70-100 mol % of the carboxylate subunits are first carboxylate subunits and 0-30 mol % are comonomer carboxylate subunits and 70 to 100 mol % of the glycol subunits are first glycol subunits and 0 to 30 mol % of the glycol subunits are comonomer glycol subunits, where at least 0.5 mol % of the combined carboxylate and glycol subunits are comonomer carboxylate or comonomer glycol subunits. The multilayered polymer film may be used to form, for example, a reflective polarizer or a mirror.

Abstract: It is the aim of the invention to provide a technology for the stimulation of the crystallization of biomolecules contained in a liquid solution that leads to significant improvements in the reliability of crystal growth processes and shortens the time and the number of attempts to grow a certain biomolecule crystal, also under the condition that only very small amounts of the biomolecules are available.

Abstract: An optical safeguard device with two linear variable Fabry-Perot filters aligned relative to a light source with at least one of the filters having a nonlinear dielectric constant material such that, when a light source produces a sufficiently high intensity light, the light alters the characteristics of the nonlinear dielectric constant material to reduce the intensity of light impacting a connected optical sensor. The device can be incorporated into an imaging system on a moving platform, such as an aircraft or satellite.

Abstract: An optical displacement sensor for sensing an environmental stimulus is disclosed. The optical displacement sensor exhibits an optical design that has suppressed back reflection and improved alignment tolerance between its optical components. The sensor is based on an optically resonant cavity whose cavity length is affected by the environmental stimulus. An embodiment of the present invention utilizes a lens to redirect a first light signal toward an optically resonant cavity such that the light is incident on the cavity at a non-normal angle of incidence.

Abstract: Providing a method and apparatus for efficiently irradiating a uniform laser light on an irradiation surface even when a laser light of high coherence or a large size substrate is used. The laser irradiation apparatus of the invention comprises a laser; means for dividing a laser light emitted from the laser into plural laser beams; means for synthesizing the laser beams on the irradiation surface or place in the vicinity thereof thereby forming a laser light having a periodical energy distribution; and means for moving the substrate relative to the laser light. Such a laser irradiation apparatus may be used to anneal the overall surface of a semiconductor film.

Abstract: Speckle noise is reduced to increase image quality in an image display apparatus such as a projection display or the like. An illuminating optical device in an image display apparatus (1) applies a laser beam L to a GLV (spatial modulator) (6) and modulates the laser beam based on an image signal input to the GLV to display an image. A plurality of laser beams (1, 1, . . . ) each having an optical path difference greater than the coherence length of the laser beam are applied to the GLV.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for measuring wavefronts and for determining scattered light, and related devices and manufacturing methods. 2.1. The invention relates to a method and apparatus for spatially resolved wavefront measurement on a test specimen, a method and apparatus for spatially resolved scattered light determination, a diffraction structure support and a coherent structure support therefor, and also to an objective or other radiation exposure device manufactured using such a method, and an associated manufacturing method. 2.2.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for stretching a pulse, shaping a stretched pulse, and modeling a stretched and/or shaped pulse are disclosed. An etalon has a port, a partially reflective surface, and a fully reflective surface. A base pulse is introduced into the etalon, and a plurality of portions of the base pulse propagating from the etalon are collected. The collected portions are then combined to generate a stretched pulse whose width is proportional to the width of the base pulse. This can be modeled by assigning a transmission factor value to each one of a plurality of tags and a reflection factor value to each one of the taps, excepting only one tap. A transport delay for is assigned to each tap to which a reflection factor value was assigned, wherein the transport delay is proportional to the width of a base pulse.