Abstract: A vacuum-capacitor-type instrument voltage transformer (1) is equipped with a main capacitor (2) and an insulating tube (3) that accommodates the main capacitor (2). A voltage dividing capacitor (4) is connected to the main capacitor (2) in series. The main capacitor (2) is equipped with a plurality of vacuum capacitors (2a) to (2c) that are connected in series. A high-voltage-side electrode (6) is provided on a high-voltage side of the insulating tube (3), and a ground-side electrode (7) is provided on its low-voltage side. The high-voltage-side electrode (6) is equipped with a high-voltage shield (8). Electrostatic capacity of the vacuum capacitor (for example, the vacuum capacitor (2a)) disposed on the high-voltage side is set to be greater than electrostatic capacity of the vacuum capacitor (for example, the vacuum capacitor (2b)) disposed on the low-voltage side.

Abstract: A method of producing a solid electrolytic capacitor, including a step of forming a dielectric film on the surface of a valve-acting metal having fine pores and a step of forming a solid electrolyte layer containing a conductive polymer on the dielectric film; wherein the solid electrolyte layer containing the conductive polymer is formed without using an oxidizing agent by: (i) a method of polymerizing at least one of the compounds (A1) represented by formula (1) disclosed herein in the presence of a compound (B) having a sulfo group; (ii) a method of copolymerizing at least one compound (A2) represented by formula (2) disclosed herein; and (iii) a method of polymerizing at least one of the compounds (A1) and (A2).

Abstract: An apparatus and associated method for an energy-storage device (e.g., a capacitor) having a plurality of electrically conducting electrodes including a first electrode and a second electrode separated by a non-electrically conducting region, and wherein the non-electrically conducting region further includes a non-uniform permittivity (K) value. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a substrate; fabricating a first electrode on the substrate; and fabricating a second electrode such that the second electrode is separated from the first electrode by a non-electrically conducting region, wherein the non-electrically conducting region has a non-uniform permittivity (K) value. The capacitor devices will find benefit for use in electric vehicles, of all kinds, uninterruptible power supplies, wind turbines, mobile phones, and the like requiring wide temperature ranges from several hundreds of degrees C. down to absolute zero, consumer electronics operating in a temperature range of ?55 degrees C.

Abstract: An electronic component and method for manufacture thereof is disclosed. A plurality of electrodes are positioned in stacked relation to form an electrode stack. The stack may include as few as two electrodes, but more may be used depending on the number of subcomponents desired. Spacing between adjacent electrodes is determined by removable spacers during fabrication. The resulting space between adjacent electrodes is substantially filled with gaseous matter, which may be an actual gaseous fill, air, or a reduced pressure gas formed through evacuation of the space. Further, adjacent electrodes are bonded together to maintain the spacing. A casing is formed to encapsulate the stack, with first and second conducting surfaces remaining exposed outside the casing. The first conducting surface is electrically coupled to a first of the electrodes, and the second conducting surface is electrically coupled to a second of the electrodes.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for storing information or energy. An array of nano-capacitors is provided, where each nano-capacitor has a cathodic electrode and an anode separated by a dielectric. The thickness of the intervening solid dielectric is in the range between 0.1 nanometers and 1000 nanometers and is shorter than an electron mean free path within the dielectric. The cathodic electrode is at least 100 times larger than the thickness of the intervening dielectric in every direction transverse to the thickness of the intervening dielectric. An excess of electrons is stored on the cathodic electrode. The dielectric may be a metal oxide, particularly a native oxide of the cathode material.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering, in particular to electrotechnical components, and in this specific case to polar capacitors with a fixed capacitance. The technical result of the use of the invention consists in the possibility of producing electrical energy stores with small dimensions and high capacitance and voltages. The vacuum capacitor comprises an anode arranged outside a vacuum chamber, in which a cathode is arranged as well as a dielectric, between said cathode and anode. Said cathode can be designed in such a way that it can be heated by means of an electrically insulated filament disposed in the vacuum chamber, said vacuum chamber being in the form of a dielectric hermetically sealed cylinder, and said anode is arranged on the outer surface of the dielectric hermetically sealed cylinder.

Abstract: An improved overvoltage protection component is provided. The overvoltage protection component has a first internal electrode contained within a dielectric material. The first internal electrode is electrically connected to a first termination and a second internal electrode contained within the ceramic dielectric material is electrically connected to a second termination.

Abstract: A high power, low passive inter-modulation capacitor is presented, which is formed using metal clad substrates, which are broad-side coupled through a thin air gap. Each substrate may include metal layers affixed on both sides which are electrical coupled together to form a single capacitor plate, or each substrate may have only a single metal layer on the surface adjacent to the air gap. The capacitor has particular application in low cost RF and microwave filters, which may be used in communication equipment and communication test equipment such a diplexers, for low PIM applications.

Abstract: An apparatus and associated method for an energy-storage device (e.g., a capacitor) having a plurality of electrically conducting electrodes including a first electrode and a second electrode separated by a non-electrically conducting region, and wherein the non-electrically conducting region further includes a non-uniform permittivity (K) value. In some embodiments, the method includes providing a substrate; fabricating a first electrode on the substrate; and fabricating a second electrode such that the second electrode is separated from the first electrode by a non-electrically conducting region, wherein the non-electrically conducting region has a non-uniform permittivity (K) value. The capacitor devices will find benefit for use in electric vehicles, of all kinds, uninterruptible power supplies, wind turbines, mobile phones, and the like requiring wide temperature ranges from several hundreds of degrees C. down to absolute zero, consumer electronics operating in a temperature range of ?55 degrees C.

Abstract: A two-phase mixed media insulator having a dielectric fluid filling the interstices between macro-sized dielectric beads packed into a confined volume, so that the packed dielectric beads inhibit electro-hydrodynamically driven current flows of the dielectric liquid and thereby increase the resistivity and breakdown strength of the two-phase insulator over the dielectric liquid alone. In addition, an electrical apparatus incorporates the two-phase mixed media insulator to insulate between electrical components of different electrical potentials. And a method of electrically insulating between electrical components of different electrical potentials fills a confined volume between the electrical components with the two-phase dielectric composite, so that the macro dielectric beads are packed in the confined volume and interstices formed between the macro dielectric beads are filled with the dielectric liquid.

Abstract: An electronic component and method for manufacture thereof is disclosed. A plurality of electrodes are positioned in stacked relation to form an electrode stack. The stack may include as few as two electrodes, but more may be used depending on the number of subcomponents desired. Spacing between adjacent electrodes is determined by removable spacers during fabrication. The resulting space between adjacent electrodes is substantially filled with gaseous matter, which may be an actual gaseous fill, air, or a reduced pressure gas formed through evacuation of the space. Further, adjacent electrodes are bonded together to maintain the spacing. A casing is formed to encapsulate the stack, with first and second conducting surfaces remaining exposed outside the casing. The first conducting surface is electrically coupled to a first of the electrodes, and the second conducting surface is electrically coupled to a second of the electrodes.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for storing information or energy. An array of nano vacuum tubes is evacuated to a pressure below 10?6 Torr, where each nano vacuum tube has an anodic electrode, a cathodic electrode spaced apart from the anodic electrode, and an intervening evacuated region. An excess of electrons is stored on the cathodic electrode.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering, in particular to electrotechnical components, and in this specific case to polar capacitors with a fixed capacitance. The technical result of the use of the invention consists in the possibility of producing electrical energy stores with small dimensions and high capacitance and voltages. The vacuum capacitor comprises an anode arranged outside a vacuum chamber, in which a cathode is arranged as well as a dielectric, between said cathode and anode. Said cathode can be designed in such a way that it can be heated by means of an electrically insulated filament disposed in the vacuum chamber, said vacuum chamber being in the form of a dielectric hermetically sealed cylinder, and said anode is arranged on the outer surface of the dielectric hermetically sealed cylinder.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an electronic component is provided. The method includes placing a plurality of electrodes in a stack. Spacing between adjacent electrodes in the stack is determined by one or more removable spacers. The method further includes bonding adjacent electrodes together to fix the spacing and removing the spacers from between the adjacent electrodes.

Abstract: A method for suppressing an electric arc or corona discharge includes providing a device capable of storing, transmitting, or generating an electrical current or field; and enveloping at least a portion of said device with a dielectric gas consisting essentially of: sulfur hexafluoride; a second component selected from the group consisting of nitrous oxide; carbon dioxide; trifluoromethane (R32); trifluoroiodomethane; octafluoropropane (R218); 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoroethane (R125); propane (R290); 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234yf); 1,2,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-propene (HFO-1234yc); 1,1,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-propene (HFO-1234zc); 1,1,1,3-tetrafluoro-2-propene (HFO-1234ze); 1,1,2,3-tetrafluoro-2-propene (HFO-1234ye); 1,1,1,2,3-pentafluoropropene (HFO-1225ye); 1,1,2,3,3-pentafluoropropene (HFO-1225yc); 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropene (HFO-1225zc); (Z)1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234zeZ); (Z)1,1,2,3-tetrafluoro-2-propene (HFO-1234yeZ); (E)1,1,1,3-tetrafluoropropene (HFO-1234zeE); (E)1,1,2,3-tetrafluoro-2-propene (HFO-12

Abstract: An electronic component and method for manufacture thereof is disclosed. A plurality of electrodes are positioned in stacked relation to form an electrode stack. The stack may include as few as two electrodes, but more may be used depending on the number of subcomponents desired. Spacing between adjacent electrodes is determined by removable spacers during fabrication. The resulting space between adjacent electrodes is substantially filled with gaseous matter, which may be an actual gaseous fill, air, or a reduced pressure gas formed through evacuation of the space. Further, adjacent electrodes are bonded together to maintain the spacing. A casing is formed to encapsulate the stack, with first and second conducting surfaces remaining exposed outside the casing. The first conducting surface is electrically coupled to a first of the electrodes, and the second conducting surface is electrically coupled to a second of the electrodes.

Abstract: The gas dielectric capacitor for high frequency applications. The capacitor has first and second planner electrodes separated by an adhesive having solid particles, which establish the distance between electrodes. An adhesive is formed along peripheral edges of the planner electrodes. The capacitor may include air, vacuum, or any number of other dielectric gases, which may be under pressure. A method is disclosed for manufacturing an array of capacitors having a pressurized gas dielectric.

Abstract: A power supply arrangement, especially in connection with a conductor (5) of a medium-voltage overhead line, which arrangement comprises a power supply (2) and a first and second element (3, 4) made of an electrically conductive material, which are connected electrically to the power supply for feeding energy to the power supply. The first element (3) of the power supply arrangement is arranged to be close to the conductor (5) and has a capacitance (Ce) to an element in a second potential, the capacitance being arranged to charge itself by effect of an electric field generated by the voltage of the medium-voltage conductor, and said second element (4) is arranged to have a galvanic or capacitive connection with the conductor (5) for feeding energy to the power supply (2) from the potential difference between said first and second elements.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bellows in a vacuum capacitor, whose bellows structure (1) comprises a carrier material (2) and at least one electrically conductive layer (5, 6), whereby the latter has a uniform thickness over the entire bellows structure. The deviations of the layer thickness from the mean are less than ±50% and preferably less than ±10%. This results in an increased life span with mechanical loading. In order to increase the heat emission through radiation, the bellows structure (1) has an additional dark layer (7). The used method provides for the application of the electrically conductive layers prior to the shaping process, which results in homogeneous layer thicknesses.

Abstract: The gas dielectric capacitor for high frequency applications. The capacitor has first and second planner electrodes separated by an adhesive having solid particles, which establish the distance between electrodes. An adhesive is formed along peripheral edges of the planner electrodes. The capacitor may include air, vacuum, or any number of other dielectric gases, which may be under pressure. A method is disclosed for manufacturing an array of capacitors having a pressurized gas dielectric.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bellows in a vacuum capacitor, whose bellows structure (1) comprises a carrier material (2) and at least one electrically conductive layer (5, 6), whereby the latter has a uniform thickness over the entire bellows structure. The deviations of the layer thickness from the mean are less than ±50% and preferably less than ±10%. This results in an increased life span with mechanical loading. In order to increase the heat emission through radiation, the bellows structure (1) has an additional dark layer (7). The used method provides for the application of the electrically conductive layers prior to the shaping process, which results in homogeneous layer thicknesses.

Abstract: A solid electrolytic capacitor includes a valve acting metal having microfine pores, a dielectric film formed on a surface of the valve acting metal, and a solid electrolyte layer provided on the dielectric film, in which at least a portion of the solid electrolyte layer is of a lamellar structure. In particular, a solid electrolytic capacitor includes an electrically conducting polymer having a specified condensed ring structure containing (1) a solid electrolyte layer containing a sulfoquinone anion having a sulfo anion group and a quinone structure and other anion, and (2) a solid electrolyte layer containing an anthracenesulfonate ion and other anion.

Abstract: A solid electrolytic capacitor includes a valve acting metal having microfine pores, a dielectric film formed on a surface of the valve acting metal, and a solid electrolyte layer provided on the dielectric film, in which at least a portion of the solid electrolyte layer is of a lamellar structure. In particular, a solid electrolytic capacitor includes an electrically conducting polymer having a specified condensed ring structure containing (1) a solid electrolyte layer containing a sulfoquinone anion having a sulfo anion group and a quinone structure and other anion, and (2) a solid electrolyte layer containing an anthracenesulfonate ion and other anion.

Abstract: A rack serviceable computer chassis for housing multiple computer modules. A rectilinear housing receives at least one module containing electrical components associated with a computer system which includes a planar right panel, a planar left panel, a planar bottom panel, a stationary planar top panel for covering non-rack serviceable components, and a sliding top panel integral to the housing for effectuating access to the at least one module and electrical components. The sliding top panel is located above the stationary top panel while in an open position. The rack serviceable chassis further includes a means for sliding the sliding top panel between the open position and a closed position, a means for supporting the sliding top panel while in the closed position, and a means for transitioning the sliding top panel between the open position and the closed position.

Abstract: An ultra-compact Marx-type high-voltage generator includes individual high-performance components that are closely coupled and integrated into an extremely compact assembly.

Abstract: A capacitor and method in which there is provided additional extraneous plate surface area, beyond the paired plate surface area normally provided to furnish capacitance. This additional extraneous plate surface area is located outside the intraplate internal volume, of plate pairs contributing substantial capacitance, or of mutually facing n-tuples of plates. Various configurations for this additional extraneous plate surface area are taught. This additional extraneous plate surface area can improve the electrical performance of the capacitor.

Abstract: New polyquinoline polymers are provided, as well as new methods for preparing the polyquinoline polymers using a novel combination of monomers. The polyquinoline polymers comprise repeat units comprising at least one quinoline nucleus and at least one ether linkage and having as end groups either fluoro groups or hydroxy groups or a combination of fluoro and hydroxy groups. The polymers are formed by providing a monomer comprising two fluoro groups, where each such fluoro group is activated by a quinoline nucleus, a diol monomer provided in the form of its bis-oxide salt, or in the presence of a base capable of deprotonating the diol and reacting the difluoro and diol monomers together in a dipolar solvent to form the polyquinoline polymer.

Abstract: A high energy density, high power density capacitor having an energy density of at least about 0.5 J/cm.sup.3 is provided. The capacitor comprises a plurality of interleaved metal electrode layers separated by a polymer layer. The interleaved metal electrode layers terminate at opposite ends in a solder termination strip. The high energy density aspect of the capacitors of the invention is achieved by at least one of the following features: (a) the dielectric thickness between the interleaved metal electrode layers is a maximum of about 5 .mu.m; (b) the polymer is designed with a high dielectric constant .kappa. of at least about 3.5; (c) the metal electrode layers within the polymer layer are recessed along edges orthogonal to the solder termination strips to prevent arcing between the metal electrode layers at the edges; and (d) the resistivity of the metal electrode layers is within the range of about 10 to 500 ohms per square, or a corresponding thickness of about 200 to 30 .ANG..

Abstract: New polyquinoline polymers are provided, as well as new methods for preparing the polyquinoline polymers using a novel combination of monomers. The polyquinoline polymers comprise repeat units comprising at least one quinoline nucleus and at least one ether linkage and having as end groups either fluoro groups or hydroxy groups or a combination of fluoro and hydroxy groups. The polymers are formed by providing a monomer comprising two fluoro groups, where each such fluoro group is activated by a quinoline nucleus, a diol monomer provided in the form of its bis-oxide salt, or in the presence of a base capable of deprotonating the diol and reacting the difluoro and diol monomers together in a dipolar solvent to form the polyquinoline polymer.

Abstract: A capacitor employing plural dielectric materials between oppositely facing, distinctly electrically connected plates, or employing interspersed plural dielectric materials outside the space between oppositely facing, distinctly electrically connected plates, wherein one material is a plastic and a second material is a plastic, gas, or vacuum. A method for ameliorating the frequency dependent variation pattern in dielectric behavior, of a single material employed as a dielectric in a capacitor, by employing a plurality of materials between oppositely facing, distinctly electrically connected plates, and/or by employing an interspersed plurality of materials outside the space between oppositely facing, distinctly electrically connected plates.

Abstract: Electrochemical devices comprise at least a pair of electrodes and a lithium ion conductive electrolyte provided between the pair of electrodes. At least one of the electrodes comprises a lithium nitride-metal compound having a one-dimensional chain structure. By this, the number of end groups which greatly take part in characteristic degradation of the device can be reduced significantly, ensuring good characteristic properties. The devices include lithium secondary cells, electric double-layer capacitors, and electrochemical display devices.

Abstract: A power capacitor including at least one capacitive winding, of self-healing type, located in a case made of plastic material and coated in a polymerizable resin cast directly into the case. The capacitor includes a breaking device sensitive to an overpressure. Passage of gases in the direction of the breaking device is achieved by deformation of the plastic material constituting the case. The plastic material of the case presents predetermined mechanical strength, impact strength and thermal resistance characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an interdigital capacitor and to a method for producing an interdigital capacitor having a finger structure of a coplanar stub line covered by an air bridge pocket for increasing the capacitance of the coplanar line. The air bridge pocket provides shielding for the capacitor structure. The disclosed manufacturing method includes producing a galvanic reinforcement of the center line of the coplanar line.

Abstract: A capacitor having high stability with temperature comprising a cylindrical metal body, a cylindrical high tension electrode coaxial with the body and placed inside it, and at least two low tension electrodes constrained to remain in contact against the inside wall of the body via an intervening insulating layer, said electrodes being disposed symmetrically about the geometrical axis of the body, said low tension electrodes being held in place by retaining means that allow them to expand freely, the dielectric medium extending between the high tension electrode and the low tension electrodes being a gas or a vacuum, the expansion coefficient .alpha.c of the body being equal to the expansion coefficient .alpha.h of the high tension electrode, and the expansion coefficient .alpha.c of the body material being related to the expansion coefficient .alpha.b of the material of the low tension electrodes by the following inequalities:1.5<.alpha.b/.alpha.c<2.

Abstract: In a semiconductor device module of this invention, on a metal base is formed a metal layer, on which an insulating substrate is formed. On the insulating substrate is formed conducting film patterns, to which a power device and a control device for controlling the power device are electrically connected. The metal layer exists only between the insulating substrate and the base under the power device, whereas a space is provided between the insulating substrate and the base under the control device, and is filled with air.

Abstract: A method of assembling a mechanical part on a support includes making a projecting thickening situated substantially over a connection face of an anchor block of the part; depositing a layer of one of the components of a eutectic on at least one fixing zone of the support; using a tool for holding the thickening to move the part so that its connection face co-operates with the fixing zone of the support; raising the temperature of the eutectic point of the eutectic; exerting localized force on the thickening; and simultaneously subjecting the part or the support to mechanical stresses. The invention is particularly applicable to assembling a capacitive sensor. The invention is also directed to a mechanical part for carrying out the assembly method, as well as a tool for grasping the mechanical part.

Abstract: A variable area capacitance transducer for measurement of length and displacement is disclosed. The preferred embodiment uses three concentric cylinders. The innermost cylinder acts as a working electrode, the middle cylinder acts as a common electrode, and the outer cylinder, a reference electrode. A movable concentric cylinder acts as a shield and is guided for movement between the working and common electrodes. The capacitance of the transducer is related to the displacement of the shield.

Abstract: A capacitor comprising a sealed hollow glass container, inductor means, a portion of which is mounted within said sealed glass container, two or more layers of material deposited on the exposed surfaces contained within the sealed glass container and a gaseous mixture filling said sealed glass container having a pressure, at 25.degree. C., of approximately 100 torr or more, the gases in said mixture being selected from a group of gases consisting of helium, neon, argon, krypton and xenon. The amounts of argon, neon and xenon do not, individually, exceed approximately 50%, by volume, of the total volume of said gaseous mixture. The amount of helium varies from approximately 10% to 90%, by volume, of the total volume of said gaseous mixture and the amount of krypton does not exceed approximately 20%, by volume, of the total volume of said gaseous mixture. The purity of the gases is approximately 99% or more.

Abstract: A capacitor is formed by placing between two electodes a thin film of amorphous titanate which has been ion implanted with noble gas ions.

Abstract: A high voltage insulator bushing is formed of wound insulating foils and is provided with conductive parts which are at different electric potentials and with a wound insulator body arranged between the conductive parts. The wound insulator body contains layers of an embossed insulating foil which consists of a plastic material which shrinks above a predetermined temperature. The embossed insulating foil is subjected to a thermal shrinking treatment prior to being wound as part of the insulator body. Such preshrinking prevents further shrinkage which would occur when the high voltage bushing is operated. Smooth insulating foil may be wound as part of the insulator body so as to be interposed between the layers of the embossed insulating foil. The gaps and voids which are formed between the layers of insulating foils caused by the irregular surface of the embossed insulating foil are filled with an insulating medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a condenser for high power and with a gas shaped dielectric and preferably intended for tank circuits in high frequency generators and radio transmitters. The electrodes of the condenser consists of two metal tubes (1 and 2) with different diameters and located concentrically relative to each other. Those tubes are at both ends gas tight connected to each other so that a space is formed by the air gap between the tubes (1,2) which space can be filled with gas under pressure. The space inside the tube (2) with the smallest diameter is open and can be used for a transmitter tube to be located therein.

Abstract: A container contains a metallized polypropylene capacitor that has electronegative gas occupying a majority of the space between its plates. The electronegative gas is not combined with a liquid. The remaining space in the container is occupied by coolant oil which can contain a gas.

Abstract: An electron beam processor with an energy storage line and matched field emission diode that define a high energy electron beam generator. A transport system positions a specimen to be thermally processed in a processing station. Energy stored on the line is discharged through the diode and the resulting high energy beam impacts upon the specimen for thermally processing selected regions thereof. A tubular capacitor is disclosed for use in the processor. The capacitor (electrical energy store) has a shape so that it can be secured in coaxially in a pressure vessel. An outer electrode of the capacitor can include a mesh screen.

Abstract: The invention contemplates an electroneuromuscular stimulator or therapy device wherein muscles may be stimulated through application of sufficiently characterized electrical pulses to a living body, via nerve endings related to the desired muscles to be stimulated. In the form disclosed, the device has proved to be of particular utility in equine electrotherapy. The device provides all power-source high-voltage generation and more delicate components in a single portable case, requiring only the attachment of flexible leads to a body-applicator electrode and to a body-grounding or return electrode; both body electrodes are rugged and are readily and safety applied by relatively unskilled personnel, subject to supervision or order of such licensed veterinary or other appropriate authority as local law may require.