Abstract: A vehicular headlamp has a reflector which is so optically designed as to provide, by reflecting light from a light source, a basic beam pattern of approximately semicircular shape wholly disposed below the horizon, with a top edge cutoff extending horizontally. A front lens is stepped to produce a lower beam pattern by raising part of the basic beam pattern and by horizontally expanding the rest of the basic beam pattern. The top edge cutoff of the lower beam pattern is as clearcut as that of the basic beam pattern. Either of two different lower beam patterns required for vehicles keeping to the right and for those keeping to the left is producible merely by changing the optical design of the front lens.

Abstract: A backlighting unit for illuminating a planar display is provided, comprising an illumination source having a light emitting portion for emitting illumination toward the generally planar display, and a reflector for collecting the emitted illumination and reflecting the collected illumination toward the planar display, the reflector being positioned intermediate the illumination source and the display. The illumination source is a fluorescent lamp having an interior surface thereof substantially coated with a phosphor, and the light emitting portion is an aperture in the fluorescent lamp wherein no phosphor coating is present. The fluorescent lamp may be provided with a reflective wrap for increasing its illumination gain. A lens positioned between the reflector and the display receives the illumination reflected by the reflector and redirects the received illumination toward the display to provide even backlit illumination thereof.

Abstract: Light emitting panel assemblies include light emitting panel members and one or more light sources positioned/embedded in a light transition area, which increases the efficiency of light entering the panel members along the light input area to be emitted from one or more light emitting surfaces along the length of the panel members. Light may be reflected or refracted by a surface which changes the path of a portion of light such that it enters the input area of the panel member at a more acceptable angle. A uniform light output distribution may be produced by utilizing a pattern of light extracting deformities.

Abstract: The present invention provides a pole light for directing or delivering light in a desired pattern to a surface proximate to the pole light. The present invention also provides a method for lighting a plurality of desired regions on a surface in a precise and predetermined pattern useful, for example, as a traffic management and guidance system.

Abstract: A liquid crystal displaying device uses an inexpensive incandescent lamp or xenon lamp without sacrificing luminous intensity of a reflector, while maintaining an ease of installation. In the displaying device, a liquid crystal displaying panel, an incandescent lamp, a reflector, a lens and a heat-ray absorbing filter have a common optical axis and are secured to a bracket. The lamp is held by a socket and installed on the bracket transversely to the optical axis of the reflecting surface of the reflector. Further, the liquid crystal displaying panel has polarizing plates on both sides thereof. A coating to diffuse light from the lamp is disposed on one of the polarizing plates on the light incident side of the displaying panel. The polarizing direction of the polarizing plate on the other side of the displaying panel is selected so that the polarizing direction of the incident light waves on a reflective layer which is disposed on the front windshield glass provides a transversal or horizontal wave.

Abstract: In the case of a motor vehicle headlamp comprising a light source, a reflector, a projecting lens, a diffusing lens and a cover plate, it is provided that the diffusing lens has a central opening which is at least partially penetrated by the projecting lens. In certain preferred embodiments, the light source reflector and projecting lens are carried by a movable and adjustable frame, and the diffusing lens and cover plate are fixed in position at a vehicle headlamp mounting recess.

Abstract: The electric lamp has a lamp vessel (1) having an axis of symmetry (2) and a window (9). The lamp vessel has a first mirrored paraboloidal wall portion (5) remote from the window and a second mirrored wall portion (7) near the window. The second portion (7) is curved according to a branch (15) of a parabola, the axis (16) of which includes a sharp angle .alpha. with the axis (2) of the lamp vessel and the focus (8) of which coincides there with. The focus (8) is spaced from the focus (6) of the first wall portion (5). A cylindrical light source (10) is axially disposed in the lamp vessel (1) coincident with said foci (6,8). The lamp generates a wide beam and nevertheless has sizes which are normal for reflector lamps.

Abstract: An omni-directional taxiway light uses an axially symmetric conjugate lens pair to distribute lamp light, particularly substantially parallel to the taxiway surface, while protruding minimally above the surface. An associated fixture contains a housing holding the optical elements in fixed relative positions and a weather-proof seal arrangement.

Abstract: A new compact surface-lighting body having homogeneous luminance and high light intensity which is useful for electronic devices such as tablet-type television, lap-top personal computer or word processor with liquid crystal can be obtained by disposing at the one surface of a light-guiding panel which is solid optically transparent material and having a symmetric concave-plane synthesized from said concave face and two planes tangentially adjoined thereto, said synthesized face being tangent to any point on the slants each other, of same shape and size but symmetrically confronting two rectangular triangles at their acute apexes and lying on a common basic line and they are confronting so as to contact with said slants at a distance not less than one-tenth of the length of each slant apart from the confronting point of the both triangles, and said panel provides with a light-reflecting layer and a light scattering dots at its one face.

Abstract: An improved lighting fixture for projecting a high-intensity beam of light that is imaged at a distant location, with reduced manufacturing cost and with reduced weight, but greater efficiency. Various structures are disclosed for eliminating infrared light from the projected beam, whereby the fixture's lens can advantageously be formed of a suitable plastic material and be configured as an aspheric fresnel lens or a stepped aspheric lens.

Abstract: A transflection reflector includes a body for simultaneously reflecting and transmitting light rays. The body is formed by a plurality of layers of a polymeric reflective material and has reflected rays at each interface between adjacent ones of the multiple layers. The body is both selectively configured and positioned relative to a light source for a predetermined distribution of reflected and transmitted rays.

Abstract: A lighting device includes a lighting device body, a light source placed within the lighting device body, a lens mounted in the front opening of the lighting device body, and a hologram attached to at least one specific area on the lens. At least part of light emitted from the light source is refracted by the hologram and a holographic image recorded in the hologram 16 is reproduced. A desired pattern is recorded is recorded in the form of a holographic image in the hologram. Visual presentation and light distribution characteristics, like those a conventional lighting device having a pattern of lens steps physically formed in the lens surface, can be obtained without additional optical parts.

Abstract: This invention is directed to an image projection apparatus. The apparatus comprises a light source having first and second high-luminance light-emitting portions along an optical axis, a reflecting mirror, arranged behind the light source, for reflecting light beams from the first and second light-emitting portions to direct the light beam from the first light-emitting portion toward a central portion of an image and direct the light from the second light-emitting portion toward a peripheral portion of the image, a projection optical system for projecting the image on a plane, and focusing means, arranged to be adjacent to the image and having a larger focusing effect at a peripheral portion than at a central portion, for causing the light beams from the first and second light-emitting portions to be incident on the projection optical system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a glass for at least one signalling lamp, in particular for a motor vehicle. The glass includes a plurality of non-catadioptric elements that have the appearance of catadioptric needles but without performing the same function. At least a portion of the non-catadioptric elements have conical ends on the inside face of the glass. This makes it much easier to make a mold for mass-producing such a glass.

Abstract: A luminaire assembly which is adapted for easy cleanability. The luminaire assembly includes a housing portion having a substantially smooth outer surface and which is further adapted to receive and enclose a ballast assembly. An optical assembly is further adapted to be affixed to the housing portion in a substantially sealed, water-tight relationship to define an internal chamber to receive and enclose a lamp. The optical assembly has an inner surface and an outer surface contiguous with the housing portion outer surface and has an opening defined therein. A removable door has an inner surface and an outer surface adapted to be affixed in a sealed relationship with the optical assembly opening when in a closed position. The door is further provided with a breathing aperture of a predetermined lateral dimension for permitting ambient air to enter and leave the internal chamber.

Abstract: To provide an oblique projection type displaying apparatus for radiating rays of light which are nearly parallel with a light bulb, thereby preventing the brightness of a resultant image from becoming uneven, the apparatus comprises a light source, optical modulating means, projecting means for projecting an image generated by the optical modulating means on a screen, and the screen, wherein a center optical axis of rays of light projected by the projecting means are obliquely entered into the screen, wherein the projecting means comprises first projecting optical means for converting an image generated by the optical modulating means into an intermediate image with trapezoidal distortion, and second projecting optical means for converting the intermediate image with trapezoidal distortion into an image without trapezoidal distortion on the screen, and wherein the first projecting optical means comprises two lenses which are not parallel each other.

Abstract: A projection-type headlight in which changes in the focal length of the projection lens cause color fringes arising due to chromatic aberration to be less noticeable in the luminous intensity distribution pattern, while a good horizontal spread is obtained in the luminous intensity distribution pattern. The projection lens is designed so that its focus lies at the front end of the top edge of a shield plate in a region within a predetermined distance from the optical axis as seen from the front, whereas the back focal length increases with decreasing distance to the margin of the lens in a region outside the first region. The projection lens is also designed in such a way that the amount of change in the back focal length of a sectional lens portion in region as cut through a vertical plane including the optical axis is smaller than the amount of change in the back focal length of a sectional lens portion in region as cut through a horizontal plane including the optical axis.

Abstract: A signalling light including a light source, a fresnel lens having an area to provide an output beam, and a reflective surface. The reflective surface partially surrounds the light source and defines an opening directed toward the fresnel lens. The opening has an area substantially less than the area of the fresnel lens so that light that is available for the production of phantom signals is reduced with respect to any external light that enters via the fresnel lens. In use, a portion of said fresnel lens is directly radiated through said opening by light from said source and said reflective surface directs substantially any remainder of the light from said source toward said fresnel lens to substantially evenly illuminate all of the available fresnel lens area.

Abstract: A headlight for motor vehicles includes a reflector, a light source, a screen and a lens. The screen includes a screen edge which has two stepped portions. A distance y.sub.1 between a part of the screen edge on a side of the less distant road edge and a central part of the screen edge is in a range defined as follows:y.sub.1 =(0.005 to 0.026).times.(x.sub.F +d/3)wherein x.sub.F is the distance between the screen and the lens, and d is the thickness of the lens. A distance Y.sub.2 between the central part of the screen edge and a part of the screen edge on a side of the more distant road edge is such that the total distance y.sub.1 +Y.sub.2 is in a range defined as follows:y.sub.1 +Y.sub.2 =(0.008 to 0.044).times.(x.sub.F +d/3).The headlights according to the invention have improved luminous intensity of the dipped beam on the side of the road of the nearer road edge.

Abstract: An illumination device comprises a light source, a reflector which reflects light emitted by the light source, a light disc, and a plurality of optically active elements arranged in a path of rays of the light reflected by the reflector for at least one of dispersing and deviating of the light, the optically active elements being formed as diffraction-optical elements and together forming a diffraction grating which is formed as a member which is separate from the light disc.

Abstract: An automotive headlamp employing a discharge bulb as a light source in which flaring light which could blind the driver of an oncoming vehicle is eliminated and the visibility of objects in the upper part of the road is improved. A reflecting surface of a reflector is divided into a lower reflecting surface and an upper reflecting surface, the lower reflecting surface being a substantially lower half portion that receives a scattered flux attributable to metal halide sediments of a bulb and the upper reflecting surface being a substantially upper half portion that receives a nonscattered flux. The lower reflecting surface is further divided into a right reflecting surface, which is a right half portion thereof, and a left reflecting surface, which is a left half portion thereof. The right and left reflecting surfaces are inclined to predetermined degrees so that reflective fluxes can be inclined in respective left and right directions.

Abstract: An apparatus for allowing pivotal movement between a reflector of a lighting fixture and a refractor which extends across an opening in the reflector is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a body portion, a leg portion attached to the body portion, and a retention portion attached to the body portion. The leg portion includes a pair of legs spaced apart from each other, which are closable against an inner surface of the reflector to secure the apparatus to the reflector. The retention portion includes a pair of retainers, each of which is closable around a bolt of the refractor to retain the bolt and allow pivotal movement of the refractor with respect to the reflector.

Abstract: The luminaire for providing a primary (10) and a secondary light beam (14) comprises reflector means (9) and a lamp holder (7) within a housing (1) having a window (2) through which the primary beam passes. Remote from the window (2), the reflector means are provided with an opening (11) for a secondary beam (14). A side wall (3) of the housing (1) has a window through which the secondary beam (14) is reflected to the outside by a reflector (15). The window (13) is provided with a refractor (12) to spread the secondary beam (14). The luminaire has a color filter (11) in the path of the secondary beam and provides an even appearance of a panel illuminated by that beam.

Abstract: The headlight has a light ray guiding disk which is domed towards the source of light. This light ray guiding disk is structured as integral formed article and includes at its central zone, which has the smallest distance from the source of light, a collective lens structure. By means of this a substantial portion of the light rays emitted from the source of light into a spatial angle in front of the source can be focussed in the direction of the axis of the headlight. The light ray guiding disk can be manufactured as simple formed article. A transparent ring in a signal color is foreseen outside the light ray guiding disk. By means of this disk the stray light is utilized for a lateral marking when the headlight is used e.g. in a bicycle lighting arrangement.

Abstract: A box-type planar light-source device has incorporated therein a linear light source and is provided with a reflecting surface and a multi-prism sheet. The reflecting surface has such function that a major portion of a light reflected by the reflecting surface is obliquely incident upon the multi-prism sheet. The multi-prism sheet has its inner surface formed with a group of prisms so arranged as to extend in parallel relation to the light source and having such function that the light incident directly or obliquely in reflection outgoes in concentration toward a predetermined direction. Accordingly, so as to eliminate portion by the fact that the light outgoing at an angle separated from the normal direction converges at the dark portion. A dark-portion removing sheet for eliminating a dark portion at a location immediately above the light source is arranged on the side of the front face of the multi-prism sheet.

Abstract: A lamp assembly includes a lamp capsule, a reflector, an electrical connector and a lens. The lamp capsule includes a lamp envelope having a base portion, and the reflector includes an opening for receiving the base portion of the lamp envelope. The reflector is fabricated of a resilient material such as a high temperature thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic. The base portion of the lamp capsule and the reflector include lamp interlocking elements which mechanically lock the lamp capsule in the reflector. The lamp interlocking elements preferably position the center of light output of the lamp capsule at the focal point of the reflector. The connector and a neck portion of the reflector include connector interlocking elements which mechanically lock the connector to the reflector. The lens and the outer rim of the reflector include integral lens interconnecting elements which mechanically lock and position the lens on the reflector.

Abstract: A light fixture has an optical cavity having a first region and multiple additional regions, each of the additional regions, each of the additional regions having an optical window. Light from a light source in the first region is directed out of the optical windows in each of the additional regions.

Abstract: A headlamp for a vehicle adapted to radiate a light beam therefrom exclusively for passing-by vehicles includes a single filament, a main reflector, an auxiliary reflector and a lens. The auxiliary reflector is divided into two parts, i.e., an upper auxiliary reflector and a lower auxiliary reflector along a horizontal line extending through the filament. The upper auxiliary reflector, has a focus which is located at the position in the vicinity of the rearmost end of the filament, while the lower auxiliary reflector has a focus which located at the position in the vicinity of the foremost end of the filament. The auxiliary reflector is basically arranged in the region where the main reflector can not completely collect a light beam radiated from the filament. The upper and lower auxiliary deflectors have an inner diameter and an outer diameter, respectively.

Abstract: A luminaire has an accent light which is colored by a translucent filter. The luminaire includes a light source, a reflector having a first opening and a second opening holdidng the translucent filter, and a housing. The reflector encloses the light source, and a portion of the light passes through the translucent filter in the reflector. The housing generally encloses the reflector and has at least one opening in the intended shape of the accent light.

Abstract: A headlamp having minimal glare, composed of a housing having preferably a non-reflective interior, an electric bulb located within the housing and a simple convex lens mounted to the housing and through which external illumination is provided. For purposes of incrementing the illumination output, a flat mirror is placed rearwardly of the electric bulb. According to this structural configuration, no concentrated beams of light are created, and illumination is pleasingly uniform and of minimal glare.

Abstract: An automotive projector type headlight including a light source, a reflector for reflecting the light forward, a shade for partially shading and thus contouring the reflected light, and a projecting lens for projecting the contoured light forward. The light source comprises a main filament and a sub-filament extending generally along the optical axis. The reflector has a plurality of radially divided reflective surface portions. An upper reflective surface portion reflects the light from the sub-filament and converge it to a first converging position located above the optical axis. A shading edge of the shade is positioned near to the first converging position. The projecting lens has a focus near to the shading edge. A lower reflective surface portion reflects the light from the main filament, converges it to a second converging position extending horizontally and converges the light to a third converging position extending vertically.

Abstract: A light beam generator provides a thin ray or plane of light of high intensity with a non-laser light source. Light emanating from a light source such as a quartz-halogen bulb is applied to a convex reflector or negative lens to demagnify the image of the light producing element. The demagnified image is passed through a refracting means such as convex lens to form a thin ray or plane of light. The reflective or refractive elements can be spherical or cylindrical depending on whether a dot or line of light is desired.

Abstract: In a projector-type head lamp, a reflector having a concave inner reflecting surface, a light source, a shade with a cut-off edge and a projection lens are arranged in order. The inner reflecting surface of the reflector has at least 2 foci and is so designed as to reflect the rays of light emitted from the light source in a direction crossing the optical axis. The light source is disposed near one of the foci of the reflector while the cut-off edge of the shade is arranged in the vicinity of the other focus. The projection lens has an optical axis nearly coincident with that of the reflector and is so formed that the power of refraction thereof becomes progressively greater from the optical axis toward the outer circumference, namely, its peripheral lens area has a focus located in the vicinity of the cut-off edge while its central lens area has a focus located between the cut-off edge and the light source.

Abstract: A lighting fixture to illuminate a target surface, particulary a surgical site, is provided which includes a light source, a reflector superposing and partially circumscribing the light source, a cylindrical filter surrounding the light source coaxial to the axis of symmetry of the lighting fixture and a refractor positioned beneath the reflector through which the light reflected from the reflector must pass to reach the target surface. The refractor is divided into a plurality of portions which radiate outwardly from the axis of symmetry. Each portion includes first, second and third prism means having individual prism members of varying configuration for focusing the light to first, second and third areas, respectively, within a cylinder of light defined by the light passing through the refractor, to provide small, medium and large patterns respectively, of the cylinder of light when it impinges upon the target surface.

Abstract: In a photographic flash apparatus, a flash tube produces a brilliant flash of light, a reflector concentrates the light produced by the flash tube into a beam having a particular angle of coverage and redirects the light toward a subject to be illuminated, and an optical element is positioned across the beam to change the angle of coverage of the beam from that effected by the reflector. According to the invention, the optical element is supported for movement only within the beam, but out of its position crosswise of the beam to permit the reflector to restore the beam substantially to the angle of coverage effected by the reflector. This provides an improved compact design for use with dual mode telephoto/wide angle cameras, for example.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp having inner and outer lenses and a reflector mirror surface. The inner lens is a Fresnel lens for converting light beams from a light source into parallel light beams, and the outer lens is an ordinary lens for obtaining a desired divergence property of the lamp. The reflector mirror may be a plane mirror, a mirror of a truncated cone shape, or a mirror of a parabolic cylinder shape. The Fresnel lens has as its focal point the virtual image of the light source as obtained by the reflector mirror, thus realizing a compact and small depth housing of the lamp while effectively using the light beams.

Abstract: The inner reflecting surface of the concave mirror of the projector-type headlamp is composed of a central spherical area and a composite ellipsoidal surface of revolution formed by parts of a plurality of different ellipsoidal surfaces of revolution, smoothly joined to each other for junction with the central spherical area, having a common focus at the center of the spherical area and other foci, respectively, at positions spaced ahead of a predetermined distance from the common focus. The lamp bulb is so disposed so as to have the center thereof located near the common focus, and the convex lens is so disposed as to have the focus thereof located near the common focus.

Abstract: The projector-type head lamp for vehicles comprises a reflector having an optical axis, a lamp bulb operable as a light source, having a filament horizontally disposed in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis, and a convex lens disposed in an area defined by the light beam shaped by the rays of light reflected by the reflector and having an optical axis nearly coincident with the optical axis of the reflector. The inner reflecting surface of the reflector has a main reflecting area including a part of a spheroid having the first focus near the center of the filament as light source and the second focus near the center of the cut-off edge, at least parts of the main reflecting area located above or below the horizontal plane in which the optical axis lies and which define multiple largely slanted filament images on the screen being formed as sub reflecting areas having such reflecting characteristics as to shift the filament images horizontally.

Abstract: An illuminator adapted to be illuminated by a fluorescent lamp mounted in a light fixture when the fluorescent lamp is emitting light to indicate that the fluorescent light is turned on. The light fixture is of the type having a fixture casing for holding the fluorescent lamp and including a specular reflector for reflecting the light emitted from the lamp generally downwardly toward an area to be illuminated without the light passing through a light diffuser. The illuminator comprises a generally transparent or translucent illuminator body, and illuminator-mounting flanges adapted for mounting the illuminator body on the fixture casing or reflector without the body interferring with or intersecting light transmitted generally directly downwardly toward the area to be illuminated. The body includes material having such an index of refraction and surfaces so contoured that a portion of the light originating from the fluorescent lamp is refracted at a sharp angle (e.g.

Abstract: The projector-type head lamp for use on vehicles according to the present invention comprises a reflector formed by a concave mirror having two foci, light source disposed near the first focus of the reflector, and convergent lens disposed opposite to the reflector with the second focus of the reflector located at the intermediate position between the lens and reflector. The convergent lens has an optical axis which is also the optical axis of the reflector and a focus located near the second focus of the reflector. There is provided near the focus of the convergent lens a shade which has a cut-off edge nearly in contact with the optical axis to produce a shaped beam. The convergent lens is composed of a frontal surface defined by an aspherical plane and a back surface defined by a flat plane which is so inclined in relation to the optical axis as to be nearer to the focus of the convergent lens as it goes from the upper portion toward the lower portion.

Abstract: An illumination system for a display device includes a plurality of lenslets which provide partially collimated light with respect to at least one axis of the display. A light box provides uncollimated light to the lenslets. The light box includes a reflector having apertures which transmit light from the light box to the lenslets. The internal surfaces of the light box and the reflector are highly and diffusely reflective and a high percentage of the light reaches the lenslets.

Abstract: An illuminated picture display having a surrounding scintilating show of lights, including a housing holding a front half-silvered mirror and a rear mirror, the mirrors being proximate to one another and at a small angle to one another, congruent openings in the mirrors to receive a transparency for display, a light within the housing for illuminating the transparency, a plurality of lamps between the mirrors along the periphery, and a programmed timer causing the lamps to blink on and off in predetermined sequence, and a refraction plate mounted in front of the front half-silvered mirror proximate to the opening in the front mirror, so that the transparency is displayed surrounded by a flashing light display. A fiber optics system may be used instead of the plurality of lamps.

Abstract: A projection-type vehicle headlight includes a sheet metal support (11) which provides a light shield (3) between a convex lens (2) and a reflector (1). The support is rigid and has arms (12) which are fastened to the ellipsoid-formed reflector. The arms are appended to a lens frame (13), which receives the lens, of the support. The light shield is in the form of a spherical bulge which extends, or is convex, toward a light source (5), the bulge being produced by "drawing out" areas of the support lying within the lens frame. A light shield edge (6) is formed by "blanking out" an opening in a top half of the spherically shaped bulge.

Abstract: A headlamp for an automobile vehicle comprises a luminous filament, a reflector, and a closing glass. According to the invention, the reflector comprises a parabolic base part and side pieces in the form of parabolic cylinders focussed on the filament, and in addition there are deflecting means, for example toroidal lenses, which re-direct the inclined rays of light received from the filament into the horizontal direction, towards the side pieces. A greater proportion of the luminous flux is thus recovered, which enables production of lamps with a small height and with a high efficiency.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a headlight of double beam type, which comprises a lamp body having one end closed and the other end open; means defining in a given part of the closed end of the lamp body an aperture; a lens covering the open end of the lamp body; an upper beam projecting unit including a first concave light reflective integrally formed on a part of an inner surface of the closed end of the lamp body, and a first light source installed at a center portion of the first concave light reflector; and a lower beam projecting unit including a condensing lens installed in the lamp body at a position facing the aperture, a second concave light reflector detachably connected to the outside of the lamp body in a manner to face the aperture, and a second light source installed at a center portion of the second concave light reflector.

Abstract: A blind is disposed ahead of a reflector to intercept light of a low-beam bulb to prevent dazzle or glare to oncoming traffic. At least a portion of the blind is made of a translucent material having a low translucency such as translucent ceramics, ground glass, or the like. The blind may be partially coated with a black paint so as to have a translucent portion extending along an upper edge and an opaque portion coated with the paint.

Abstract: A car number plate lamp having an improved illuminating efficiency and more uniform illuminating intensity. A light source and lens are provided in a lamp body, and a lens is mounted across an opening in the lamp body. The reflector is three-dimensionally curved in such a manner that the entire surface of the reflector viewed in the longitudinal direction curves circular-arcuately about the light source. The surface perpendicular to the longitudinal direction forms a paraboloid with the light source at the focal point. Concentric steps for refracting the light from the light source to the number plate are formed in the inner surface of the lens.

Abstract: A compact, wide angle light comprising a concave reflector, lens and light emitter. The lens is provided with a pluraltity of light spreaders while the reflector is comprised of a linear section, with side walls interconnected by a parabolic section, disposed between dish end sections.

Abstract: A luminaire for use in parking garages having a vertical reference axis, a horizontal driving lane axis, and a horizontal parking stall axis. The resulting asymmetry is such that there is a substantially greater throw of light along the parking stall axis than along the driving lane axis, with improved lighting for parking purposes, and glare free lighting for the driving lane.

Abstract: A projector type headlight is disclosed, which comprises a concave reflector having first and second focuses on an optical axis thereof; a light source located on or at least near the first focus of the concave reflector; a shade plate positioned in front of the concave reflector, the shade plate having an upper edge located in the vicinity of the second focus of the concave reflector; and a converging lens located in front of the shade plate in such a manner that a focus of the lens is positioned on the upper edge of the shade plate, wherein the optical axis of the concave reflector is inclined with respect to an optical axis of the converging lens.