Abstract: A Fresnel-type reflector having the physical shape of a cone. In a preferred embodiment, the reflector is made by forming a reflective coating on a structured surface of a thin flexible film and forming the film into the shape of a cone. The structures on the surface are designed to cause the reflector to imitate the optical properties of a parabolic reflector when the reflector of the invention is formed into the shape of a cone.

Abstract: A composite reflecting mirror for a headlamp comprises a plurality of paraboloidal columnar reflecting surfaces, the reflecting surfaces having their respective focal points fall on a horizontal line extending through approximately the axis of symmetry of the mirror. The composite reflecting mirror is laterally substantially divided into three portions, i.e., a left end portion, a right end portion and a central portion. The relationship of the average value of the focal lengths of the plurality of paraboloidal columnar reflecting surfaces included in the respective portions is such that the average value of the focal lengths of the left end portion is greater than that of the central portion, and the average value of the focal lengths of the right end portion is greater than that of the central portion.

Abstract: A reflector for an oblong light source is disclosed, which includes a conical part (1) to which a curved part (2) connects. The inside of both the conical part and the curved part of the reflector have longitudinal grooves extending longitudinally along the parts. A number of grooves in the curved reflector part (2) are provided with a reflection face (8) which runs parallel to a line passing through the starting point and the finishing point of the groove bottom (6). The reflection face is oriented to face towards the central axis of the reflector.

Abstract: A lens of a transparent material including a structured surface on one side and a smooth surface on the opposite side. The structured surface includes a plurality of three-faceted prisms arranged side by side to form a plurality of ridges and grooves. Each prism has a reflective surface adjacent to a refractive surface and a riser adjacent to the refractive surface. The surfaces are angled with respect to one another so that incident light is transmitted through the lens, whereby the exiting rays may be predisposed to be perpendicular or non-perpendicular. Because of this the lens can be used to disperse, collimate, gather or concentrate the light. Thus, it may be utilized in a variety of ways, for example, in a light fixture, whereby high-angle incident light directed toward either the structured surface or the smooth surface, is transmitted through the lens and is directed in a desired fashion.

Abstract: A low beam headlamp includes a reflector defining an optical axis and an incandescent filament forming a cylindrical coil whose central axis extends in a horizontal plane through the focal point and forms right angles with the optical axis. The light reflecting surface of the reflector is divided into six zones of which two lateral zones when viewed in the direction of the optical axis form together a paraboloid sector. The upper left hand wall portion and a lower right hand wall portion form together a second paraboloid sector whose central axis is inclined upwards relative to a central axis of the first paraboloid sector. An upper right hand wall portion and a lower left hand wall portion form together a composite paraboloid-ellipsoid sector whose sections taken in parallel vertical planes form parts of parabolas whereas sections taken in parallel horizontal planes form parts of ellipses.

Abstract: A luminaire comprises a reflector having a concave interior surface formed with bands of reflective facets. The bands are organized in groups to provide the desired illumination pattern and enable the reflector to be formed in a simple fashion. The groups of facets are organized in bands which extend arcuately around the interior of the reflector, each facet being oriented to reflect light to a desired luminance center on a roadway surface.

Abstract: A reflector for obtaining isolux light distribution patterns over polygonal areas is disclosed. The reflector is equipped with a plurality of circumferentially adjacent light transmissive wall sections corresponding in number to the number of corners of the polygonal light pattern. A reflective coating and vertically oriented prisms formed on the outer surface of the wall sections cooperate to reflect and laterally redirect light to provide the desired isolux polygonal light pattern.

Abstract: The invention relates to a headlamp, the envelope of which is constituted internally by concave reflecting surfaces but at least by one concave reflecting surface having the shape of a paraboloid of rotation, further, in the focus of said paraboloid-shape reflecting surface a light-emitting element is accommodated with its center line being perpendicular to the axis of the reflecting surface, further, having said envelope shut up with a transparent cover plate, the surface of which is uniformly roughened, and/or on said surface uniformly distributed, geometrically regular beam-forming optical elememts are provided. Essential feature of the invention consists of having over the cover plate (1) also irregularly-shaped oblong beam-forming optical elements, the longitudinal axes of which are parallel with the center line (10) of the light-emitting element (2). Said oblong beam-forming optical elements are expediently cylindrical lenses (5, 6, 7, 8) or prisms.

Abstract: Method of assembling a motor vehicle headlight whereby the open end of a rear parabola reflector on the said headlight is fitted round with a flange having a front annular groove designed to receive a rear edge on the front glass, the position of which in relation to the optical axis on the said reflector is adjusted, prior to bonding by pouring adhesive material into the said groove, by means of a number of supporting pins mounted axially through the said flange.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing the type lamp glass envelope used in a reflector lamp is disclosed which employs a ribbon machine. Said ribbon formed lamp glass envelope includes a cylindrical neck portion terminating at one end in a curved reflector portion closed by an integral flattened face portion of lesser curvature with light distributing elements being formed on the exterior surface of said face portion. In its preferred embodiments, the reflector portion of said lamp glass envelope is of the PAR type which can further include truncation of the parabolic shape with opposing substantially flattened parallel surfaces as well as face portions for said lamp glass envelope which can be circular or rectangular in shape.

Abstract: A "wall-wash" lighting fixture is mounted on the ceiling along the top of a wall to be provided with a substantially uniform illumination downwardly from the fixture. An elongated fluorescent bulb is used as the source of light; and the reflector is comprised of at least a central section and two shorter end sections. The cross-section of the central section of the reflector differs from the cross-section of the end sections in a manner to cause greater amounts of light to be reflected a greater distance downwardly on the wall from the center section than from the end sections. This compensates for the non-uniform light intensity from the fluorescent bulb, and results in a more uniform illumination of the wall below the fixture.

Abstract: An improved projection lamp unit including a glass reflector having a concave reflecting surface and a tungsten halogen lamp positioned within the concavity of the reflector. The concave reflecting surface of the reflector is provided with alternately disposed radially extending regions including a series of specular stripes in combination with alternately spaced regions of facets. Preferably four or five stripes and an associated four or five facet regions are provided.

Abstract: A headlamp comprising a reflector of which at least one sector is in the form of a paraboloid of reduction, a bulb with an axial filament offset upwards in the radial direction with respect to the axis of the paraboloid, and a light-distributing glass placed in front of the reflector. The filament is centered in the axial direction on the focus of the paraboloid. The surfaces of the reflector situated outside the sector in the form of a paraboloid are designed so as to produce images of the filament which are all situated below the cut-off. Alternatively, the light-distributing glass participates in the deflection, in combination with the surfaces of the reflector. In an advantageous variant the reflector is completely parabolic and homologous deflecting zones are then provided on the light-distributing glass to lower all the images thus produced below the cut-off.

Abstract: According to the invention the luminaire, which is suitable for use with an elongate cylindrical light source, has a dish-shaped reflector with an egg-shaped light emanating face. The reflector mainly comprises a number of elongate facets which are each curved concave longitudinally and transversely and which extend with their longitudinal sides substantially parallel to the light emanating face.The luminaire gives the illuminated road surface a very uniform luminance.

Abstract: A lamp is provided for use on vehicles, which lamp is of the type wherein the light rays are projected forwardly in a predetermined pattern. The predetermined pattern is generated by virtue of a generally continuous grid of the reflector within the lamp, and the lamp does not need a prismatic lens system at the location where the light rays eminate from the lamp.

Abstract: A shadow-free lamp assembly comprises a plurality of plane mirror segments disposed on a basic paraboloidal reflecting surface, and a linear light source. Each of the plane mirror segments has a length of the short span of the paraboloidal reflecting surface as its long side and is continuously disposed next to each other along the long span of the paraboloidal reflecting surface and the light source is disposed in reflecting direction forward from the focus of the paraboloidal reflecting surface, whereby all mirror segments reflect light from the light source to produce irradiation patterns illuminating the single illumination area. Because of the overlapped illumination by the plurality of the mirror segments, shadow is not produced on the illumination area when reflected light is partially intercepted.

Abstract: A reflector for use with a discharge lamp having a front section with a reflective surface which follows a surface of revolution and a rear section which is fluted. The crests and roots of the flutes lie along arcs of concentric spheres. Light from the lamp directed toward the front section is reflected out through its open end. Light directed toward the rear section is reflected by the flutes away from the arc and toward the front section, thereby avoiding increases of arc temperature.

Abstract: A single lighting fixture for mounting in front of a large billboard having a horizontal length approximately two times as long as its vertical length is disclosed. The lighting fixture comprises a lamp housing having a lamp positioned therein with the lamp being approximately horizontally positioned in the housing. A new and novel reflector is positioned on one side of the lamp is designed to reflect the light radiating from the lamp in such a manner that the bottom surface of the reflector is utilized to light up the approximate central portion of the billboard while the sides of the reflector are used to light triangular shaped side corners of the billboard. A refractor is positioned on the lamp housing to totally enclose the lamp with the refractor comprising in part three phase light control prism elements for stray light control.

Abstract: A reflector lamp comprising a concave reflector having a parabolic rear section, a spherical intermediate section, and a faceted parabolic front section, each section having substantially the same common focal point, and a finite light source located at the substantially common focal point. The reflector sections are dimensioned so that substantially all light rays from the finite light source which are reflected by the spherical intermediate section become re-reflected by the faceted parabolic front section. Additionally the light rays, reflected by the facets, include components thereof which are circumferential about a lamp axis and thereby provide a beam pattern which is substantially circumferentially uniform about the lamp axis.

Abstract: This invention relates to light fittings and in particular to a light fitting including a shade or surround in association with a source of light.

Abstract: An illuminating device for a display unit in which the display panel can be illuminated uniformly under a relatively constant luminous intensity. The illuminating device according to the present invention comprises a display panel, at least one light source and a reflector the inner surface of which is defined by at least two elliptical surfaces. One of two foci of each of the elliptical surfaces is located at the center of the light source and the other of two foci thereof is located on the inner surface of said display panel in order to focus rays of light reflected by the reflector on an area on the display panel away from the light source.

Abstract: A luminaire has a spherical or ovoid reflector formed with asymmetrical voids that allow beams from the lightbulb in the reflector to emerge side-by-side through the voids in opposite directions after reflection from opposite internal surfaces of the reflector.

Abstract: To provide for essentially uniform illumination throughout the area, for mple the film window of a film or slide projector, the reflector has at least two contours which form a reflector system, each contour being rotation-symmetrical with respect to the optical axis of the total system. The generatrices of the contours follow conical sections. The reflector is divided into zonal regions, with successive zonal regions lying on different contours. For example, two conical contours can be used, the contour of one conical section being such that spot illumination results, and the contour of the other conical section being such that a saddle-tight illumination is obtained so that the overall light output throughout the window is essentially uniform (see the additive of FIGS. 3a and 3b, as shown in FIG. 3c).

Abstract: A luminaire comprises a light source and a reflector which has an opening for emitting light and an apex opposed the opening, and which reflects light emitted from the light source in a desired direction. The reflector having a first area at the intermediate portion between the opening and the apex thereof consisting of a plurality of reflecting surface units with inclined surfaces located at both sides thereof, and a second area disposed at least partially between the intermediate portion and the opening consisting of hammer tone finished reflecting surfaces formed at least partially on a portion located nearer to the opening for emitting light than the first area is located to.

Abstract: An improved light fixture comprising a housing adapted for tower or pole top mounting and having preferably stacked upper and lower lamp compartments. One reflector in each compartment includes a segment that is located partly behind and partly over a symmetrically positioned lamp included therein so as to reflect light therefrom downwardly and outwardly through a window in a side wall opposite to the reflector. Another reflector similarly located reflects light through a second window in an opposite side wall. Windows in the other two side walls also receive light emanations from the lamp. The axis to the lamp in each compartment is substantially horizontal and is skewed with respect to the side wall windows. The lamp in one compartment is preferably complementarily positioned with respect to the lamp in the other compartment.

Abstract: A luminaire for roadway lighting using a one-piece reflector developing at least two collimated beams in each longitudinal direction. The collimated beams impinge on sloping faces of a refractor to diverge the beams into a regular pattern covering the street with a sharp cutoff at predetermined longitudinal distances from the luminaire. The refractor employs a compressed parabola comprised of radial sections of comparatively large focal length with steps and risers. The complex shape of the one-piece reflector may readily be produced by a reflector finish applied to a molded plastic matrix. In the luminaire, the prismatic surfaces of the inclined walls of the refractor diverge the formerly collimated beams in a carefully controlled manner to produce very uniform distribution of light.

Abstract: Luminaire provides relatively uniform illumination in substantially rectangular pattern up and down the roadway adjacent the luminaire. The luminaire reflector is formed with a multiplicity of flat facets individually oriented to direct light to particular areas along the roadway surface.

Abstract: In a motor vehicle headlamp or the like, the required distribution of the light rays is achieved entirely by selecting an appropriate configuration for the reflector; the front glass is a plain glass having smooth front and rear surfaces. The reflector surface is, as far as possible, a plain paraboloidal surface, but is provided with elongate ribs in selected zones, to produce a spreading of the light rays reflected from these ribs; the light is spread transversely to the length of the ribs. The reflector surface also has offset portions which, like the basic reflector shape, are paraboloidal, but have their focus or foci displaced from the focus of the basic reflector shape.

Abstract: A light reflection system for indirect lighting, such system being adapted for mounting on a wall or other structure in an office area or the like, comprising a boxlike housing having a central compartment in which the light reflection system is contained, such system including a high intensity discharge source of light, and a reflector assembly including a specially configured reflector which substantially surrounds the light source and judiciously reflects the light upwardly to the ceiling of the room being lighted; other, flat, reflectors are also included as part of the system.

Abstract: A luminaire includes a light source and a reflector for reflecting light emitted by the light source in desired directions.The reflector includes a first region having a smooth reflecting surface and a second region having a plurality of reflecting surface units each having opposite side slanted portions. Each of said regions is constructed by a multi-layer structure. The structure includes a base member, a high reflecting film deposited on the base member, and a transparent protective film deposited on the high reflecting film.

Abstract: An electric lamp which provides substantially uniform lighting throughout a work area. The area extends from directly under the lamp a substantial distance beyond the shade. A faceted reflector provides the desired distribution of the light.

Abstract: A light fixture comprising parabolic reflector segments therein, the lamp being located at the focal point of the segments. One segment has an arc preferably more shallow than the other segment. The window opening is angled preferably at an angle of 60 degrees to the elongate axis of the parabolic segments to provide sharper light cutoff or less spill light from one reflector segment than from the other. A shield positioned parallel to the elongate axis and on the side of the axis within the reflector segment where the cutoff characteristics are the greatest, permits primary reflected light from the lamp, while preventing direct light from the lamp to pass above the shield. The specular underside of the shield enhances light reflection therefrom while the darkened top shield surface blocks secondary reflection above the cutoff angle.

Abstract: A bowl-type luminaire reflector having a series of reflector segments which in turn consist of a stepped vertical series of reflector sections which are pre-focused to direct light in predetermined zones. The reflector sections have inwardly-convex curvature in the horizontal direction.

Abstract: A home entertainment system and lighting cabinet simulates the sound and lighting effects of a discotheque. Light rays from a bank of differently colored lights are directed both to a mirrored rotating globe and to a rear reflecting panel behind the globe. A plurality of reflecting part-spherical domes and pyramidal-like projections are arranged on the rear panel and are configurated to reflect at least some of the impinging light rays back to the globe for subsequent reflection therefrom. The light rays reflected off the globe, domes and projections are projected about the room in which the system is located in a very dense pattern of reflected differently colored images. A stereo music system is mounted on the cabinet to combine a discotheque sound effect with the above-described lighting effect.

Abstract: A light intensifier for increasing the useful light output of relatively inefficient light fixtures by providing a diffusing light reflector which extends about the light therein. The reflector can be ribbed so that it can be adjusted to fit within the existing inefficient fixture and can be constructed from foil, metalized mylar or other similar materials with a heat tolerant, electrically insulating backing. Insulated perforations may be included so that the reflector can be adjusted in size without danger of inducing an electrical short circuit.

Abstract: An open-ended reflector for being positioned within a camera to provide a controlled pattern of light on a rectangular subject field located at a distance, e.g., five feet, from the camera. The reflector includes three specular reflective surfaces and a fourth surface having a ribbed diffusing region thereon. These four surfaces are oriented in such a manner that the mechanical axis through the reflector's open end will be offset from the reflector's optical axis when viewed from in front of the reflector.

Abstract: A luminaire for illuminating a surface area spaced from the luminaire nadir to a distance from its elevated mounting. The luminaire has an elongated light source with its axis substantially parallel to the surface being illuminated. A specular reflector disperses the light over a range from substantially the light nadir to a line about 73.degree. from the nadir. With the present construction, a series of beams, each of about 1.degree. in angular extent, is approximated to provide uniform light distribution over a designated angular spread with sharp cutoffs beyond the spread with a high utilization factor for the light generated. The reflector is configured to prevent reflected light from passing through the light source although beams of at least one section are directed in paths closely adjacent to the light source.

Abstract: A lighting unit comprising a lamp and a reflector provides high intensity, high efficiency, even illumination over an area of particular shape and size and has a cut-off angle which enables a person to approach close to the lighting unit without seeing the lamp or its reflection. The reflector comprises at least two spaced apart curved reflector surfaces which join each other along an edge line in a plane behind and spaced from the lamp. Points on the curve line of each reflector surface are spaced progressively further away from the lamp than the edge line. Some points on the curve are located on the side of the plane remote from the lamp. The lighting unit, which may employ reflector surfaces in addition to those above mentioned, may be employed in systems wherein it projects light upwardly for downward reflection from a ceiling or projects light downwardly directly onto a work surface.

Abstract: A device for adjusting the angular disposition of a first object with respect to a plane. The first object is adjustably attached to a second object resting on said plane. The adjustment occurs when there is a change in the angular disposition between the second object and the plane. Two freely rotatable members are attached to the first object adjacent each other. Both members are rotatable in a direction parallel to the angle to be adjusted between the first object and the plane, and each member has a rotary rest position determined by its respective center of gravity. During the change in the angular disposition between the second object and the plane, one of the two members is rotationally fixed with respect to the second object and is rotated from its rest position according to the change in the angular disposition between the second object and the plane. The other of the two members remains in its rest position during the change in the angular disposition between the second member and the plane.

Abstract: A reflector comprising a pair of mirror-image reflector half-sections is adapted to produce a plurality of different, distinctive and predictable light patterns by utilizing various combinations of reflective surface finishes on the reflective surfaces of the reflector half-sections.

Abstract: A single reflecting transmitter with improved performance capabilities. The mproved performance is achieved by using a modified surface called a wavy mirror. The wavy mirror has its focal distance a function of the angle measured around the axis of revolution. The wavy mirror is designed to reflect light into a predetermined pattern of controlled size and energy distribution. The reflection is oriented so that the light source does not obscure the reflected beam.

Abstract: Disclosed is a multi-faceted light reflector and a method of manufacturing the reflector. Planar facets are arranged in tiers, or in some other order, tangent to the surface of a spheroid to form the reflector. The size and location of the facets are correlated to the size and location of the illuminated plane. A light source is located at one focus and the illuminated plane is located at the other focus where the illuminated plane is perpendicular to the major axis of the spheroid. The facets are dimensioned and positioned so that substantially all of the reflected light from the light source is reflected to a preselected area on the illuminated plane. The method of manufacture includes calculating the coordinates for each facet, forming a convex die from the calculated coordinates, and molding the concave reflector from the convex die thus formed.

Abstract: A reflector useful in dental surgical lighting systems has been developed, which reflector is derived from at least one base elipsoid surface which has been divided into sections, each section being rotated outward so as to provide the cumulative effect of several elipsoidal segments to produce a beam pattern of desired width.

Abstract: Lighting fixture includes a concave reflector having a given focal region and an axis, and means at least partly disposed in the focal region for supplying a source of light thereat reflectible at maximal intensity by the concave reflector in direction of the axis thereof and reflectible at decreasing intensity in direction extending from the light source at an increasing angle .beta. relative to the direction of the axis, so that(a) at .beta. = 1.degree., the light intensity is at least 200%,(b) at .beta. = 2.5.degree., the light intensity is at least 150%, and(c) at .beta. = 5.degree., the light intensity is at least 120% of the light intensity at .beta. = 10.degree..

Abstract: A generally concave reflector member is provided with three or more bosses having flat outer surfaces. The surfaces define a plane perpendicular to the axis of the parabola so that specific points within the parabola can be located with great precision. By using the bosses as reference points, lamp filaments can be accurately placed within the lamp structure, regardless of variations in the reflector member which occur during the manufacturing process.

Abstract: A method of making an illuminating device such as a flood light or vehicle headlight in which a light source is mounted in a jig including a member for adjustably supporting a plurality of selected small reflectors. Reflectors are selected, mounted in said jig and each reflector is adjusted to direct light impinging on that reflector to a selected area to be illuminated. After having selected and adjusted each small reflector, a matrix is made from the reflecting surfaces mounted in the jig and this matrix is used in a known manner to form male and female dies for forming one or more reflecting devices having facets to reflect light in the same pattern as determined by the adjustment of the selected small reflectors in the jig. The invention also contemplates reflectors made by the novel method.

Abstract: Lighting fixture having housing with an open side. A lamp is mounted in the housing and produces rays which pass through the open side. The housing carries an internal reflecting surface for reflecting light rays from the lamp through the open side. The internal reflecting surface includes Fresnel type portions for reflecting light rays from the lamp at high angles through the open side. In certain applications, the open side would be enclosed by a glass enclosure. In order to increase the efficiency of the lighting fixture, an anti-reflection coating can be provided on both sides of the glass enclosure. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONMany different types of lighting fixtures hereto fore have been provided. However in connection with such lighting fixtures there always is a need for increased reflectivity from the reflective portions of the lighting fixture. In addition, there is a further requirement to obtain better control over the direction of the light emitted from the lighting fixture.