Abstract: Techniques are disclosed relating to calibrating sensors configured to measure both pressure and acceleration. In various embodiments, a system detects a first voltage produce by a first piezoelectric material in a hydrophone when the hydrophone is exposed to an acceleration and detects a second voltage produced by a second piezoelectric material in the hydrophone when the hydrophone is exposed to the acceleration. The system, in some embodiments, compares the first voltage and the second voltage. Based on the comparing of the first and second voltages, in some embodiments, the system determines a resistance for a variable resistor coupled to one of the first and second piezoelectric materials.

Abstract: Provided is an optical information recording method and an optical information recording medium, which can achieve easy duplication in holographic recording. The optical information recording method is for recording information to an optical information recording medium 4 which includes an information recording layer to which information is recorded using holography. In the method, virtual information light 6 composed of information light 2 to which information is added by spatially modulating at least a part of light ray flux emitted from a light source and of recording-specific reference light 3 is generated, and virtual information light 6 and virtual recording-specific reference light 8 are irradiated onto the information recording layer so that information is recorded thereto by interference pattern generated by interference between virtual information light 6 and virtual recording-specific reference light 8.

Abstract: A method of assembling arrays of small particles or molecules using an atomic force microscope to define ferroelectric domains includes depositing a ferroelectric thin film upon a substrate forming workpiece, then using an atomic force microscope having a conductive, tip for generating a pattern on this thin film to define desired nano-circuit patterns. Next, exposure of this thin film to a solution containing chemical species which selectively adsorb or accumulate under the influence of electrophoretic forces in selected regions of this thin film.

Abstract: A system for reading data from recording media having topographical features readable with a slider-mounted non-magnetic transducer sensitive primarily to changes in local aerodynamic boundary conditions.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of recording/reproducing information signals at an access speed in the order of &mgr;s, a recording density of 1 to 10 GBs/cm2, and a data transfer rate in the order of Gbit/sec without breakage of the data. The method includes the steps of: making a head device face to a memory medium having a flat recording surface, the head device including a plurality of head elements two-dimensionally arranged each of which has at its leading end a flat portion having an area of 0.1 &mgr;m2 or less; moving the head device relative to the memory medium a distance more than a gap between two adjacent ones of the head elements; and recording an information signal at a specific position of the recording surface at a recording density of 1 Gbit/cm2 or more, or reproducing an information signal previously recorded on the recording surface at a specific position by the head device.

Abstract: A recording and reproducing or observing apparatus based on a laser beam deflection detection method in which an object has a very small area for reflecting light. A laser beam emitted by a semiconductor laser diode passes through a collimator lens and a stop. The beam passes through the lens and stop and is reflected by a polarization beam splitter and focused by an objective lens onto a surface of a cantilever. Reflected light from the cantilever surface is focused by the lens before being received by a position sensor. Either the incident light or the reflected light passes through an optical path that is substantially 90 degrees relative to the optical axis of the other light.

Abstract: An optical coherence tomography(OCT) and spectral interferometry imaging probe for the automatic screening and diagnosis of cervical and skin cancer in vivo. The probe eliminates the old techniques of having to perform Pap smears followed by a biopsy, known as colposcopy. The novel probe is cylindrical in shape and has a disposable outer plastic shield. Inside the probe is a motor driven rotatable casing having a planar optical fiber bundle array therein. The fiber bundle array has plastic light coupling lenslet arrays on both ends. The exposed end of the probe has one lenslet array disc that couples light between the probe and an interior of the cervix area being examined. Both the casing and the bundle array rotate relative to the outer probe walls. Inside the casing is a rotatable motor driven scanning mirror which couples passes light from an incoming second fiber bundle array to the lenslet array on the inside end of the rotatable casing fiber bundle array.

Abstract: A method for formatting digital data on an optical disk that represents at least two versions of the same program. Data sequences which are unique to each version and data sequences which are common to the two of them are interleaved in a single data stream. In order to achieve seamless play of both versions on a player that is compatible with the disk format but has limited buffer storage, data which would otherwise be common to both versions is placed redundantly in the data sequences which are unique to both versions.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a novel tracking method and device, suitable for use in a recording means applying the technology of a scanning probe microscope, for recording and/or reproducing high-density information of a size of several tens of nm or less at high speed and with high accuracy. The tracking method and device includes a recording medium having bumpy structures for tracking, which are formed on the surface thereof, a cantilever having a tip for writing in, reading out and erasing information, and means for detecting bending and torsion of the cantilever. Further, the tip and the recording medium are moved relative to each other in the direction in which a fixed end and a free end of the cantilever are coupled to each other, in a state in which the tip has been brought into proximity to or contact with the recording medium.

Abstract: Program information of plural channels is recorded on an optical magnetic disk in such a manner that the program information can be simultaneously reproduced together from the disk. Once other program information is overwritten on part of any of the recording channels of the disk that has become unnecessary, a UTOC generation/UTOC recording/UTOC memory controlling section generates UTOC information that designates the overwritten section as a position to be reproduced and a section other than the overwritten section as a position to be silenced or muted, and records the generated UTOC information onto the UTOC area of the optical magnetic disk. As reproduction from the optical magnetic disk is performed, the UTOC information is read out so that reproduction signal is output at the position to be reproduced, and silence signal is output at the position to be silenced.

Abstract: A high density data storage system includes a rotatable storage medium mounted to rotate about a drive axis, the storage medium having formed thereon a surface topography defining machine readable information. The storage system further includes a high resolution contact sensor having a cantilever arm and a stylus mounted at one end of the cantilever arm. The stylus is positionable to engage the storage medium and follow the surface topography when the storage medium is rotated. A detector system provides an output signal representing cantilever deflection caused by changes in the surface topography of the storage medium.

Abstract: An information recording/reproducing method and apparatus is for carrying out at least one of recording and reproducing information through a probe electrode or through a plurality of probe electrodes on an information recording medium. A probe electrode is disposed on an elastic member. A relative position is so adjusted between the recording medium and the probe electrode that a repulsive force between them is comparative to an elastic force of the elastic member. In case of plural probe electrodes, they are displaced to keep an equal spacing between the recording medium and the respective probe electrodes so that they may have either a zero average or a minimized square sum of displacement. A spacer layer will do for setting a spacing between a probe electrode and the recording medium.

Abstract: Means for reducing the effects of vertical perturbations of a phonograph disc surface resulting from disc and/or playback system mechanical imperfections. Such imperfections are compensated by closed loop and/or open loop means wherein the deviations of the record path are detected and employed to minimize the effects of the mechanical imperfections.

Abstract: An apparatus for reproducing data stored on a disc in a plurality of tracks connected in a continuous spiral or separated in concentric tracks.

Abstract: A reproduction apparatus for an optical magnetic disk having data recorded in a magneto-optical recording form and an address recorded in an optical recording form, includes a pickup for detecting P- and S-axis components of a linearly polarized laser beam reflected on an optical magnetic disk, an adder for adding the P- and S-axis components, and a subtracter for subtracting the S-axis component from the P-axis component. A reproduction signal processing circuit confines an output of the adder and that of the subtracter to produce a reproduction signal. A comparator converts the reproduction signal into a binary signal, the reproduction signal processing circuit including a circuit for identifying whether a reproduction signal is one of magneto-optical recording information or one of optical recording information.

Abstract: A record player with a scanner for record disks is provided, where the vertical recording track angle .alpha. is to be placed within predetermined limits, but where, in general, the value of .alpha. is not known. The scanner comprises a transducer which generates useful signals and which is provided with elastically supported and therefore movable scanning elements. According to the invention, means are provided for determining the difference .alpha.-.beta. of the recording track angle .alpha. and of the tracking track angle .beta.. The angle difference determining means generate a voltage which depends on the longitudinal motion of the scanning elements moved during the useful modulation and which is displayed and/or employed for correcting the track angle. A record player with a tracking sound pick-up arm for the tracking of record disks is provided. Means for tracking a groove on a side of a record disk are disposed elastically supported and thus movable on the sound pick-up arm.

Abstract: Apparatus for reducing the effects of vertical perturbations of a phonograph disc surface resulting from disc and/or playback system mechanical imperfections. Such imperfections are compensated by closed loop and/or open loop means wherein the deviations of the record path are detected and employed to minimize the effects of the mechanical imperfections.

Abstract: A signal pickup device for picking up signals from a video disc includes a base plate, a transducer unit printed on the base plate and having an oscillator, transformer, a resonator, an inductor, and a preamplifier mounted on the base plate and located longitudinally of the transducer unit. The preamplifier is of an elongated structure extending transversely of and substantially across the transducer unit. The oscillator and the preamplifier are supplied with electric power via a power supply terminal which is disposed substantially midway between the oscillator and the preamplifier. With this construction, the signal pickup device is reduced in width, and is of a unitary structure which can be easily positioned in place and results in high noise resistance.

Abstract: An optical-disk system is disclosed which comprises an optical-disk rotating in accordance with constant linear velocity technique, a signal input device for producing an information signal digitally encoded, and address generator for generating an address signal, an interleave circuit for commonly leaving both the information signal and the address signal, and a write controller for modulating a write beam incident to the optical-disk in response to the output signal from the interleave circuit and for forming at least one sector including both the commonly interleaved signals on the optical-disk.

Abstract: An optical recording apparatus for recording digital signals controls the pulse length of the recorded signals by delaying either the positive-going edges or the negative-going edges of the digital signals. The edges are delayed by either a logical AND or a logical OR operation between an original digital signal and a delayed signal or between an original digital signal and an output signal from a monostable multivibrator which has been triggered by an edge of the original digital signal.

Abstract: A phonograph cartridge interface which enables any magnetic phonograph cartridge to be operated into its proper termination impedance. One embodiment of the device includes a capacitance test section which is used to determine the unknown capacitance of a tonearm cable. A termination network is then adjusted to provide a proper amount of capacitance in view of the determined capacitance and the value of total termination capacitance specified by the cartridge manufacturer. The network also is adjustable to provide the proper termination resistance in parallel with the capacitance.In a second embodiment capacitance matching circuitry is included which enables the total termination capacitance provided by the tonearm cable and termination network to be adjusted to a desired value. In this embodiment, actual measurement of the tonearm cable capacitance is not required.

Abstract: A stylus arm having a bimorph transducer integrally mounted therewith is combined with electrical circuitry for detecting prescribed components of stylus motion and with circuitry for applying potential to the transducer to impart corrective translatory motion to the stylus arm.