Abstract: Each layer includes a data recording area and a test writing area divided into a plurality of small areas, wherein the small areas of the test writing area are recorded in advance so that other each layer can make a combination of recorded and unrecorded states with respect to the small area, where OPC is carried out, in a layer where OPC is carried out. Moreover, OPC is carried out to each small area, where a combination of recorded/unrecorded states of other each layer differs from each other, to thereby calculate, as the optimum power, an average value of the result of each OPC or a central value of the dispersion thereof.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide an optical recording medium containing a laminated structure of a first deformable material layer containing a phase-change material that absorbs light at a recording wavelength to generate heat and is subject to exothermic melting and deformation and a second deformable material layer containing a material which contains a silicon oxide (SiOx; 0<x?2) that transmits light and is subject to thermal deformation and alteration. After information is recorded, the thickness of the first deformable material layer is changed according to the recorded information making center of the recorded marks thicker than the ends and the second deformable material layer is deformed and altered corresponding to the concave-convex-pattern formed on the first deformable material layer based on the recorded information and when the information is reproduced, the first deformable material layer is altered from solid to molten state.

Abstract: Shape-wise thicknesses tr1, tr2, . . . , and trN of a cover layer and first through (N?1)-th intermediate layers of an optical recording medium having refractive indexes nr1, nr2, . . . , and nrN are converted into thicknesses t1, t2, . . . , and tN which are calculated by products of a function f(n)=?1.088n3+6.1027n2?12.042n+9.1007 where n=nr1, nr2, . . . , and nrN.

Abstract: The present invention provides a multilayer optical disc and an optical disc drive which can identify recording layers without performing tracking servo control or changing the structure of the disc. In a multilayer optical disc 100, the recording layer includes a layer identification region 101 having a recording pattern for layer identification, the layer identification region 101 including a layer specific region 102 having a specific pattern and a common region 103 having a common pattern different from the specific pattern, the layer specific region 102 being provided at a different radial position in each of the recording layers. The optical disc drive detects the layer specific region 102 having the specific pattern from the layer identification region 101 of the multilayer optical disc 100, and identifies the current layer based on the radial position of the layer specific region.

Abstract: An optical recording medium (disk) capable of preventing a back focus at a face thereof and reducing the interference between beams reflected by each recording surface, thereby improving a quality of a servo signal and a reproductive signal. In a disk having (N?1) layers, if N is a natural number (more than three), and if a cover-layer thickness and intermediate-layer thicknesses are d1, d2, . . . dN, then a difference of 1 ?m or above is set between the sum of di to dj and the sum of dk to dm for arbitrary natural numbers i, j, k, m (i?j?k?m?N). If refractive indexes are different from a standard value or different for each layer, then the thickness of each layer is converted based on a spread width of light according to the thickness.

Abstract: An information recording medium according to the present invention includes at least three information recording layers. If the readout power of a laser beam in reading information from an information recording layer L(n) is identified by Pw(n), and if the readout power of the laser beam in reading information from an information recording layer L(n+a) is identified by Pw(n+a), then a base thickness between the information recording layers is determined so that the intensity of the light when the information recording layer L(n+a) is irradiated with a laser beam having the readout power Pw(n) becomes equal to or lower than that of the light when the information recording layer L(n+a) is irradiated with a laser beam having the readout power Pw(n+a).

Abstract: An information storage medium having a plurality of recording layers is provided. The information storage medium including a physical ADIP address (PAA) which corresponds to an address recorded on the information storage medium. In the case in which an address of a layer i to which a pickup will move corresponds to PAAi, an address of a layer j in which the pickup is currently located corresponds to PAAj, and n corresponds to the number of the recording layers, the PAAi and the PAAj satisfy the equation PAAi= PAAj+(7?(i+j))*40 00 00h+00 00 01h(i+j=odd and i,j=0,1,2, . . . ,n?1) in response to the pickup moving from an even layer to an odd layer or from an odd layer to an even layer, and satisfy the equation PAAi=PAAj+(i?j)*40 00 00h(i+j=even and i,j=0,1,2, . . . ,n?1) in response to the pickup moving from an even layer to another even layer or from an odd layer to another odd layer.

Abstract: Provided is an information storage medium that has a plurality of recording layers, a recording/reproducing method, and a recording/reproducing apparatus. In the information storage medium, each of the plurality of recording layers includes an inner circumference zone and a data zone, and at least one of the recording layers includes, in the inner circumference zone, a temporary disc management area (TDMA) for recording information about a defect detected in the data zone, wherein a size of a TDMA allocated on an upper layer is greater than a size of a TDMA allocated on a lower layer.

Abstract: A new optical recording medium capable of reducing the burden in erasing data in the optical recording medium is provided. The optical recording medium includes an organic pigment recording layer 12 and a light reflecting layer 14, which are at least laminated on a substrate 11, wherein a photocatalyst layer 13 is formed in contact with the organic pigment recording layer 12.

Abstract: A multilayer optical disc which has three or more recording layers and enables easy positioning of a focused beam spot onto a particular recording layer in which a BCA is disposed. An inter-layer distance between a particular recording layer and a recording layer adjacent to the particular recording layer is larger than the other inter-layer distances in which, at the focused beam spot positioning, the focused beam spot traverses the said adjacent recording layer earlier than the other recording layer adjacent to the particular recording layer.

Abstract: When a hybrid optical disc is loaded on a player, the next generation DVD layer is reproduced in preference to the DVD layer. Jump to the DVD layer is appropriately performed based on the content of the reproduction list held in the next generation DVD. The jump to the DVD layer is performed based on the command information (jump command) held in the reproduction list of the next generation DVD layer. When reproduction of the title specified by the command information is finished after the jump to the DVD layer, the process returns to the HDDVD layer, and reproduction is performed from the position following the reproducing position at the time of the jump. Thus, the content of the HDDVD layer and the content of the DVD layer are reproduced as one stream.

Abstract: A system for altering a functionality of an optical article from a pre-activated state to an activated state, comprising an optical article comprising an optical data layer for storing data, an external radiation source for generating an external stimulus adapted to interact with the optical article, such interaction causing a change in optical accessibility of optically stored data, a directing material, wherein said directing material is for directing the external stimulus to selective portions of the optical article, thereby altering the functionality of the optical article from a pre-activated state to an activated state; a convertible element capable of responding to the external stimulus to irreversibly alter the optical article from the pre-activated state of functionality to the activated state of functionality, wherein said convertible element comprises a color-shift dye, a magnetic material, a thermo-chromic material, a magneto-optical material, a light scattering material, a phase-change material,

Abstract: An optical recoding carrier and an information recording method applying an amplitude shift keying (ASK) method or further a DC-biased ASK method are provided, wherein at least one periodically undulated section and at least one non-periodically undulated section are formed on the optical recording carrier to indicate specific information. The information recording method can be embodied as an addressing method of an optical disk for recording address information of tracks of the optical disk. A continuous track structure is provided on the optical recording carrier to save the available recording space and improve the information reading precision of the optical recording carrier. Furthermore, a signal generating apparatus and an information reading apparatus applied in the information recording method are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a data storage device comprising: a data storage medium for storing data in the form of topographic features; and at least one probe for writing and/or reading the data stored in the data storage medium, wherein the data storage medium is formed on a support layer, the support layer having a lower shear modulus than the data storage medium.

Abstract: The optical disc comprises a substrate layer, a read-only data layer having a pit/land data structure including user data and control data arranged in tracks on the substrate layer, and a nonlinear layer with a super-resolution structure disposed on the data layer, wherein the control data are correctly readable only by including a reverse rotation of the disc. The control data include in particular a protection code for the disc, for example a copy protection code, so that the user data of the disc are only readable after reading of the control data.

Abstract: An optically writable holographic card, an optically writable holographic media, and a method of making the media are herein described. The card has a media region that includes an optically writable material. The optically writable material has an holographic embossment such that an holographic image is producible by the optically writable material. The media includes an holographically embossed first layer. An optically writable, optically readable second layer conforms to the embossment. The holographic image is generable by the second layer. The method includes producing an holographic embossment associated with an holographic image. An optically writable layer is conformed to the holographic embossment. The holographic image is viewable in response to illuminating the optically writable layer. The optically writable layer is optically readable.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an optical disc having an information area situated between an internal edge and an external edge of the optical disc. The optical disc includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a recording layer, a reflecting layer and a number of surface structures. The second substrate is disposed over the second substrate, the recording layer and the reflecting layer are disposed between the two substrates, and the reflecting layer is disposed between the first substrate and the recording layer. The surface structures are discontinuously disposed on the surface of the second substrate.

Abstract: Optical recording media configured to deter unauthorized access are described. Methods for manufacturing the optical recording media described above are also presented.

Abstract: Multilayered optical information recording media involve a problem that a BCA is erroneously formed in a different information recording layer even if the BCA is intended to be formed in a specific information recording layer. An optical information medium (1) for recording/reproducing information by applying a laser beam includes two or more recording layers (11, 12) for recording/reproducing information by receiving a laser beam at the same laser beam incident surface (1a). A geometrical irregularity (K) is formed in an area (inner peripheral side) (21) for a BCA on one recording layer (12), and a mirror surface is formed in the area of the other information recording layer (11) corresponding to the BCA area (21). The geometrical irregularity (K) is detected when focus servo is actuated so as to detect the desired information recording layer. Thus, a BCA is prevented from being erroneously formed in another information recording layer.

Abstract: The optical storage medium comprises a substrate layer, and a data layer having a mark/space data structure with data arranged in tracks on the substrate layer, , wherein between neighboring tracks alternatingly a groove section or a land section without a groove is arranged. The tracks, groove sections and land sections may be arranged by providing a single spiral, two spirals, or four spirals on the optical storage medium. The optical storage medium is in particular an optical disc comprising a nonlinear layer with a super-resolution structure arranged above the data layer.

Abstract: A method by which depressions and projections (pit pattern) can be formed directly and easily in a substrate made of inorganic material is provided. A method for forming a medium on which information is recorded in a pit pattern comprises the steps of: forming a recording material layer (21) over a substrate (11) made of inorganic material wherein the recording material layer is of a thermally deformable heat mode recording material; forming a plurality of holes 15 by application of condensed light to the recording material layer (21); and forming a plurality of pits (16) in the substrate wherein the plurality of pits corresponding to the plurality of holes (15) are etched by using as a mask the recording material layer (21) in which the plurality of holes are formed.

Abstract: Manufacturing of a higher quality write-once type multilayer optical disc is facilitated. The optical disc includes a plurality of recording layers in which recording or reproduction is carried out by a blue or blue-violet laser beam of a wavelength of about 405 nm. Each of the recording layers includes a recording layer which uses an organic dye. The plurality of recording layers includes a layer in which a groove pattern around a recording mark is deformed when information is recorded, and a layer in which the groove pattern around the recording mark is not deformed when information is recorded.

Abstract: To provide an optical recording medium of which mechanical properties and storage stability will not be impaired, and which will show little deterioration in signal properties even after being left to stand at high temperature under high humidity. An optical recording medium to perform recording/reading by means of blue laser, which has a value of 10 or less as obtained by “error rate after its environmental resistance test/error rate before its environmental resistance test” in error rates obtained before and after its environmental resistance test carried out by leaving the medium to stand for 500 hours at a temperature of 80° C. under a relative humidity of 80%.

Abstract: A recording layer for an optical information recording medium, which has a high reflectance (initial reflectance) and excellent recording characteristics; an optical information recording medium comprising the recording layer; and a sputtering target useful for forming the recording layer. The recording layer for an optical information recording medium, on which recording is performed by irradiation of laser light, is characterized by containing indium (In) oxide and palladium (Pd) oxide which includes palladium monoxide and palladium dioxide. The recording layer for an optical information recording medium is also characterized in that the ratio of Pd atoms contained in the recording layer relative to the total of In atoms and Pd atoms contained therein is 6-60 atom %.

Abstract: An optical information recording medium includes a substrate having a through-hole provided at the central portion thereof and a guiding groove provided on a surface at the light-incident side; a reflective layer provided on the surface of the substrate having the guiding groove; a recording layer provided on the reflective layer and made of an organic substance containing a dye; and a light-transmissive cover layer provided on the recording layer, wherein the cover layer is made of a curable resin, and a modulus of elasticity of at least a portion of the cover layer facing the recording layer is in the range of about 34 MPa to about 96 MPa at 25° C.

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to provide a multi layer optical disc that can be used effectively and an optical disc apparatus that can cope with the multi layer optical disc. The object described above can be accomplished by providing redundancy to the number of layers of the multi layer optical disc. The object can also be accomplished by providing reproducing/recording unit of the multi layer optical disc to the optical disc apparatus.

Abstract: An optical information recording medium, which is made of a resin provided with photoreactivity containing organometal compound, has a recording layer on which, after a photoreaction are brought about when predetermined initialization light is irradiated to the medium and then the resin is hardened, at a time of recording information, a recording mark is formed when predetermined recording light is condensed to the medium, and a temperature of the medium near a focal point of the recording light is increased and the organometal compound is transubstantiated, and at a time of reproducing information, the information is reproduced based on returned light according to predetermined reading light being irradiated.

Abstract: An optical recording medium of improved recording and reading characteristics, having both a read-only information recording layer and an information recording layer. The optical recording medium includes information recording layers capable of recording and reading by irradiation of laser light having a wavelength ? of 400 to 410 nm through an optical system having a numerical aperture NA of 0.8 to 0.9. In this medium, the information recording layers include at least a read-only information layer having information recorded in advance and an information recording layer different from the read-only information recording layer, the read-only information recording layer being capable of information recording of write-once type or rewritable type. The read-only information recording layer is stacked closest to a light incident surface of the laser light.

Abstract: An information recording medium according to the present invention includes a plurality of recording layers, and a test area for determining a recording power of a laser light for each of the plurality of recording layers, in which a first test area of a first layer and a second test area of a second layer adjacent to the first layer are provided at different radial positions.

Abstract: An optical recording and reading method is provided in which the information necessary for recording and reading layers is quickly acquired to reduce the seek time during reading and recording. The optical recording and reading method is used for an optical recording medium that includes a plurality of recording and reading layers and a servo layer. Information is recorded on or read from the recording and reading layers by irradiating them with a recording and reading beam while the servo layer is irradiated with a servo beam to perform tracking control. When information is recorded on the recording and reading layers, control information necessary for subsequent recording and reading to be performed on the recording and reading layers is recorded on the servo layer 18. When the subsequent recording or reading is performed, the control information on the servo layer is consulted, and then the recording or reading is performed on the recording and reading layers.

Abstract: In a multilayer optical recording medium, it is an object to suppress generation of crosstalk while reducing an interlayer distance of recording and reading layers. In an optical recording medium including three or more recording and reading layers, a first distance, and a second distance greater than the first distance by 3 ?m or more are alternately defined as interlayer distances of recording and reading layers.

Abstract: A series of optical recording media is provided to reduce a burden on an optical pickup by introducing a standardized idea among a plurality of optical recording media. In the series of optical recording media, optical recording media are of a plurality of types, each optical recording medium including a plurality of planar recording and reading layers with no projections and depressions for tracking control, and a servo layer with projections and depressions for tracking control. The plurality of optical recording media have different numbers of stacked recording and reading layers. The plurality of optical recording media have different numbers of stacked recording and reading layers. The positions of the servo layers from the corresponding light incident surfaces are standardized among the plurality of optical recording media. The position of at least one recording and reading layer from the corresponding light incident surface is standardized among the plurality of optical recording media.

Abstract: A series of optical recording media is provided to reduce a burden on an optical pickup by introducing a standardized idea among a plurality of optical recording media. In the series of optical recording media, optical recording media are of a plurality of types, each optical recording medium including a plurality of planar recording and reading layers with no projections and depressions for tracking control, and a servo layer with projections and depressions for tracking control. The plurality of optical recording media have different numbers of stacked recording and reading layers, and the positions of the servo layers with respect to the corresponding light incident surfaces are standardized among the plurality of optical recording media.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical information recording medium (2) capable of shortening a time from acquiring identification information to starting a program etc. recorded on an ROM layer. The optical information recording medium (2) includes two or more information recording layers, information of each of the two or more information recording layers is readable by emitting reproducing light thereto, at least one of said two or more information recording layers is an RE/R layer (4), at least another one of said two or more information recording layers is an ROM layer (5), and the RE/R layer (4) includes an identification information recording region (41), and an interlayer-movement Flag is recorded on the identification information recording region (41).

Abstract: Efficient recording and reading are achieved in an optical recording medium including servo layers and recording and reading layers. The optical recording medium includes: a first servo layer having a projection and a depression for tracking control that are formed in a first spiral direction; a second servo layer having a projection and a depression for tracking control that are formed in a second spiral direction opposite to the first spiral direction; and a plurality of recording and reading layers having a flat structure with no projection and depression for tracking control. Information is recorded on each of the plurality of recording and reading layers while tracking control is performed using the first servo layer or the second servo layer.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an optical recording medium is provided in which interlayer crosstalk is low and in which stable and high-quality recording characteristics can be obtained. To this end, an optical recording medium comprises a first recording part which includes a first recording layer and a first light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side closer to a light receiving surface, and a second recording part which includes a second recording layer and a second light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side farther from the light receiving surface, the first recording part and the second recording part being stacked, wherein the thickness of the second light reflecting layer is larger than the thickness of the first light reflecting layer.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an optical recording medium is provided in which interlayer crosstalk is low and in which stable and high-quality recording characteristics can be obtained. To this end, an optical recording medium comprises a first recording part which includes a first recording layer and a first light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side closer to a light receiving surface, and a second recording part which includes a second recording layer and a second light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side farther from the light receiving surface, the first recording part and the second recording part being stacked, wherein the thickness of the second light reflecting layer is larger than the thickness of the first light reflecting layer.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an optical recording medium is provided in which interlayer crosstalk is low and in which stable and high-quality recording characteristics can be obtained. To this end, an optical recording medium comprises a first recording part which includes a first recording layer and a first light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side closer to a light receiving surface, and a second recording part which includes a second recording layer and a second light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side farther from the light receiving surface, the first recording part and the second recording part being stacked, wherein the thickness of the second light reflecting layer is larger than the thickness of the first light reflecting layer.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an optical recording medium is provided in which interlayer crosstalk is low and in which stable and high-quality recording characteristics can be obtained. To this end, an optical recording medium comprises a first recording part which includes a first recording layer and a first light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side closer to a light receiving surface, and a second recording part which includes a second recording layer and a second light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side farther from the light receiving surface, the first recording part and the second recording part being stacked, wherein the thickness of the second light reflecting layer is larger than the thickness of the first light reflecting layer.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an optical recording medium is provided in which interlayer crosstalk is low and in which stable and high-quality recording characteristics can be obtained. To this end, an optical recording medium comprises a first recording part which includes a first recording layer and a first light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side closer to a light receiving surface, and a second recording part which includes a second recording layer and a second light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side farther from the light receiving surface, the first recording part and the second recording part being stacked, wherein the thickness of the second light reflecting layer is larger than the thickness of the first light reflecting layer.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an optical recording medium is provided in which interlayer crosstalk is low and in which stable and high-quality recording characteristics can be obtained. To this end, an optical recording medium comprises a first recording part which includes a first recording layer and a first light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side closer to a light receiving surface, and a second recording part which includes a second recording layer and a second light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side farther from the light receiving surface, the first recording part and the second recording part being stacked, wherein the thickness of the second light reflecting layer is larger than the thickness of the first light reflecting layer.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an optical recording medium is provided in which interlayer crosstalk is low and in which stable and high-quality recording characteristics can be obtained. To this end, an optical recording medium comprises a first recording part which includes a first recording layer and a first light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side closer to a light receiving surface, and a second recording part which includes a second recording layer and a second light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side farther from the light receiving surface, the first recording part and the second recording part being stacked, wherein the thickness of the second light reflecting layer is larger than the thickness of the first light reflecting layer.

Abstract: An optical information recording medium includes a disc-shaped substrate, at least one information recording layer formed over a recording/reproducing-side main surface of the substrate, a light transmitting layer formed over the information recording layer, and a protecting layer formed to cover the light transmitting layer and at least one part of a side end surface perpendicular to the main surface of the substrate. At least the part of the side end surface is covered with the protecting layer for covering the recording/reproducing-side main surface, and the surface of the protecting layer covering at least the part of the side end surface has a larger surface roughness than that of the surface of the protecting layer covering the upper of the recording/reproducing-side main surface.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an optical recording medium is provided in which interlayer crosstalk is low and in which stable and high-quality recording characteristics can be obtained. To this end, an optical recording medium comprises a first recording part which includes a first recording layer and a first light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side closer to a light receiving surface, and a second recording part which includes a second recording layer and a second light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side farther from the light receiving surface, the first recording part and the second recording part being stacked, wherein the thickness of the second light reflecting layer is larger than the thickness of the first light reflecting layer.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an optical recording medium is provided in which interlayer crosstalk is low and in which stable and high-quality recording characteristics can be obtained. To this end, an optical recording medium comprises a first recording part which includes a first recording layer and a first light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side closer to a light receiving surface, and a second recording part which includes a second recording layer and a second light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side farther from the light receiving surface, the first recording part and the second recording part being stacked, wherein the thickness of the second light reflecting layer is larger than the thickness of the first light reflecting layer.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an optical recording medium is provided in which interlayer crosstalk is low and in which stable and high-quality recording characteristics can be obtained. To this end, an optical recording medium comprises a first recording part which includes a first recording layer and a first light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side closer to a light receiving surface, and a second recording part which includes a second recording layer and a second light reflecting layer and which is disposed on a side farther from the light receiving surface, the first recording part and the second recording part being stacked, wherein the thickness of the second light reflecting layer is larger than the thickness of the first light reflecting layer.

Abstract: This disclosure describes thin optical media that may be compliant with conventional DVD drives. Unlike conventional DVDs, however, the described media does not include the non-information bearing “dummy” substrate. Instead, the described media may comprise a single substrate having a thickness of approximately 0.6 millimeters. Depending on the format, reflective layers, information layers, dyes, phase change materials, or other materials may be deposited over the replicated side of the substrates. Furthermore, in accordance with this disclosure, a hard coat layer is also formed over the replicated side of the media in order to provide mechanical integrity to the media. Printable layers, printed layers, lacquer, or other materials may also be added. The elimination of the non-information bearing “dummy” substrate can reduce raw materials, thereby reducing costs and providing a more environmentally friendly optical disk. The hard coat can provide the mechanical protection to the replicated side of the 0.

Abstract: An optically-readable disk includes a device that disrupts readability of the disk when the disk is spun at an angular velocity substantially greater than required to play the disk in its intended playing device, or when a defined integral of velocity and time is exceeded. The device may include a fluid container that disperses a data-disruptive fluid. The device may include a membrane or layer that is disrupted when the disk is rotated above a defined angular velocity, or when a defined integral of velocity and time is exceeded. The device may include an electro-optical material that is activated by an electrical signal from a controller in response to an input from a sensor responsive to motion of the disk.

Abstract: The optical storage medium comprises a substrate layer, and a data layer disposed on the substrate layer, the data layer comprising data being arranged in tracks as marks and spaces. A protection code is coded in one of the tracks or a part of a track which code comprises marks of a first size and marks of a smaller, second size. The marks of the second size have in particular a width being smaller than the width of the marks of the first size. To obtain the protection code, a method is used comprising the steps of reading a track or a part of a track with a first laser power for obtaining a first data signal, reading the same track or the same part of a track in another step with a second laser power being different from the first laser power for obtaining a second data signal, and calculating the protection code by taking into account the first and the second data signals. The protection code may be calculated for example by a microprocessor of a respective data reading apparatus.

Abstract: An optically-readable disk includes a device that disrupts readability of the disk when the disk is spun at an angular velocity substantially greater than required to play the disk in its intended playing device, or for when a defined integral of velocity and time is exceeded. The device may include a fluid container that disperses a data-disruptive fluid. The device may include a membrane or layer that is disrupted when the disk is rotated above a defined angular velocity, or when a defined integral of velocity and time is exceeded.