Abstract: The present disclosure generally pertains to systems and methods for cancelling crosstalk in satellite access devices, such as DSLAMs. In one exemplary embodiment, a satellite DSLAM is configured to employ a vectored DSL modulation format, such as vectored VDSL, on both a customer premises (CP) side of the DSLAM and a network side of the DSLAM. For at least one tone communicated by the DSLAM, the DSLAM is configured to maintain a set of coefficients indicative of crosstalk contributions from interferers on both sides of the DSLAM. Based on such coefficients, the DSLAM is configured to cancel crosstalk that couples from one side of the DSLAM to the other.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments are directed to a network coupling device connected over a respective first and second port in a communication network with a ring topology operating with full duplex links. When sending information, the coupling device inserts two duplicate frames in the ring, one over each of its ports. The frames containing information that identifies these two frames as a pair of duplicates of the same frame. Each similar device in the ring includes a Switching Element that receives a frame from one port and forwards the frame to the other port without modification. The Switching Element discards a frame that was originally sent by that same node, discards a frame that it already forwarded in that direction, and/or discards a frame that it cannot recognize as being a member of a pair.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an Ethernet ring protection switching method, network device and system. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, a node obtains bandwidth information of a first link on an Ethernet ring on which the node is located, and determines that bandwidth of the first link changes, where there is at least one Ethernet ring protection instance on the Ethernet ring, and then the node determines ports of the node, where the at least one Ethernet ring protection instance passes through the ports, so that the node can query pre-configured correspondence between bandwidth information and switching information of each link on the Ethernet ring, and execute, through the ports of the node, a switching operation corresponding to the bandwidth information of the first link.

Abstract: A method and a system for preventing a network storm from presenting in a multi-ring Ethernet, the method comprises: when a link in the multi-ring Ethernet is failed, at most one ring protecting link is unblocked, the ring protecting link and the failed link being in a same logic area. Wherein each link in the multi-ring Ethernet belongs uniquely to one logic area, when a link in the multi-ring Ethernet is failed, a master node of a logic area to which the failed link belongs unblocks a ring protecting link; or each link in the multi-ring Ethernet respectively belongs to one or more logic areas, each logic area is set with a priority, when a link in the multi-ring Ethernet is failed, the ring protecting link of one logic area which contains the failed link and has a highest priority is unblocked by the master node of the logic area.

Abstract: A protection method in a packet transport network is provided. A protection path is established for a service data flow borne on a shared protection ring in the method, where the protection path includes a wrapping protection path and a steering protection path. Firstly, a first service data flow is sent through the wrapping protection path. Then, a service data flow node stops sending a second service data flow subsequent to the first service data flow to the wrapping protection path, and buffers the second service data flow. When the first service data flow completely passes by the service data flow node again, the buffered second service data flow is switched from the wrapping protection path to the steering protection path.

Abstract: Delivering multicast data traffic over a communication network includes a first network node delivering multicast data traffic to second network nodes. The first and second network nodes are connected by a transmission network in a ring architecture and implement a point-to-multipoint layer 2 protocol. A method includes at the first network node: collecting alarms signals indicative of a failure along the whole ring and of the second network nodes. Based on a current state of the alarm signals, delivering the multicast data traffic either in a first delivery direction along the ring, or in a second delivery direction along the ring opposite to the first delivery direction, or in both the first and second delivery directions. At each of the second network nodes: collecting alarm signals indicative of a failure of the transmission network locally to the second network node and of the second network node.

Abstract: A method includes sending a data packet, or a copy of the data packet, from a first video distribution hub to a second video distribution hub. The first video distribution hub is coupled to a first link and to a second link. The method also includes, in response to the second link being intact, sending the data packet, or the copy of the data packet, from the first video distribution hub to the second video distribution hub via a primary network path that includes the second link and excludes the first link. The method also includes, in response to a failure of the second link, sending the data packet, or the copy of the data packet, from the first video distribution hub to the second video distribution hub via a backup network path that includes the first link and that does not include the second link.

Abstract: A node includes a first port configured to be selectively blocked and unblocked; a second port configured to be selectively blocked and unblocked; a forwarder between the first port and the second port; a management channel between the first port and the second port, wherein the selective blocking and unblocking of the first port and the second port is based on the management channel; and a data channel between the first port and the second port, wherein the data channel utilizes an arbitrary service identifier. A method can include operating a ring with Ring Protection Switching comprising a forwarding mechanism and a blocking mechanism that are independent and decoupled entities therebetween, wherein the ring includes a management channel and a data channel that each utilize an arbitrary service identifier.

Abstract: A method for protection switching in an Ethernet ring network is provided. According to an aspect, the protection switching method includes: at a first node on the Ethernet ring network, detecting link failure; at the first node, determining whether a port through which a protection switching message has to be transmitted is on a forwarding path; and at the first node, generating a protection switching message based on the result of the determination; and at the first node, transmitting the protection switching message.

Abstract: A method of reconfiguring a ring network having a plurality of nodes connected by a plurality of links, comprising initiating reconfiguring of one of the nodes in response to a network change message received over a link connected thereto from an adjacent node, blocking said link by the one node, reconfiguring network information stored on the one node, flushing any old queued messages on said one node and, in response to completion of said flushing, sending a reconfigured message to the other node adjacent thereto, and de-blocking said link by the one node in response to receipt of a reconfigured message from the first-mentioned adjacent node.

Abstract: Preventing a loop in a virtual network that spans at least two rings when there is a failure in a segment shared between the rings. A node connected to the shared segment and the rings detects a failure in the segment to transmit data traffic; and prevents transmitting data traffic between the node and all the rings except for one ring, in response to detecting the failure.

Abstract: A plurality of network devices such as routers are included in an instance of a spanning tree. The network device creates a ring context on a port that it identifies as both a blocking port and configured to run a spanning tree protocol. The ring context can be comprised of a region name, an STP domain name or a spanning tree instance. The network device transmits a ring discover message for the ring context over a forwarding port and determines that a ring exists when it receives the message at a blocking port. The network device subsequently transmits a reverse ring discover message from its blocking port which includes the status of the discovered ring to the members of the ring topology.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems and methods for scaling performance of Ethernet Ring Protection Protocol. Specifically, the systems and methods may apply to G.8032 and may provide protection switching control plane performance scaling benefits. In an exemplary embodiment, the present invention summarizes the per “virtual” ring control plane protocol into a single logical ring control plane protocol. Advantageously, the present invention transforms the G.8032 protocol from a per-virtual ring protocol to a per-logical ring control protocol. The mechanism/methodology that is used is to include minimal per-virtual ring instance information in to the Ring Automated Protection Switching (R-APS) (control) frames. Additionally, the present invention cleanly decouples the placement of the R-APS (control) channel block location on the ring from that of the virtual channel data blocks. Current G.

Abstract: A network device is connected to another network device over a network and performs multicast transmission and reception over the network. The network device stores in a storage unit in a corresponding manner a drop address that uniquely identifies data to be dropped from the network and control data that indicates whether dropped data is to be forwarded or deleted. The network device drops the data based on the drop address, and then either forwards or deletes the dropped data based on the control data.

Abstract: An Ethernet Ring Protection (ERP) method and the corresponding apparatus and communication equipment are disclosed. The method includes: when a link on an Ethernet ring network is faulty, judging whether the faulty link is a link where the normally blocked port is located; sending a control message which carries first indication information if the faulty link is the link where the normally blocked port is located; the ring node avoids clearing of a forwarding table after receiving the control message which carries the first indication information; sending the control message which carries second indication information if the faulty link is not the link where the normally blocked port is located; and the ring node clears the forwarding table after receiving the control message which carries the second indication information.

Abstract: The network relay apparatus is provided. The network relay apparatus includes: multiple ports, each being provided to send and receive a frame to and from one of multiple external devices; and a frame processor configured to perform flooding, in order to relay a received frame that is received via one of the multiple ports as a receiving port, with a preset flooding target according to an attribute of a transmit port that sends the received frame.

Abstract: A stacked switch using a resilient packet ring protocol comprises a plurality of switch modules coupled to one another in a ring topology and each having a plurality of external terminals for interfacing with external devices. Each switch module includes an external interface for communicating with the external terminals, the external interface configured to communicate using a communication protocol; and an internal interface for communicating with other switches, the internal interface using a resilient packet ring (RPR) protocol. Advantages of the invention include the ability to flexibly create a high performance stacked switch with advanced features.

Abstract: A graceful restart (GR) method of a router, and a router and a communication network thereof are provided. The method includes the following steps. A control plane enters a GR state. Label switched path (LSP) packets sent by a neighbor router are received, and the label information of the control plane is recovered according to the LSP packets. Whether the label information is completely recovered is determined. If the label information is completely recovered, the GR state is exited, and label information of a forwarding plane is updated according to the recovered label information of the control plane. The GR method of a router, the router, and the communication network decide whether to exit the GR state by detecting whether the label information of the control plane is completely recovered. This can precisely control the time of exiting the GR state is controlled and improve the reliability of the router.

Abstract: A device receives network configuration information from a network, determines a logical network based on the network configuration information, and constructs a mixed integer programming (MIP) model based on the logical network. The device also calculates an optimal solution, which minimizes network costs, using the mixed integer programming (MIP) model, performs a post-optimization mapping procedure on the optimal solution to produce an optimal network configuration mapping, and outputs the optimal network configuration mapping for implementation.

Abstract: A method provides a communication path in a ring network having a plurality of communication nodes. The method includes: setting transfer information of data in each of the plurality of communication nodes by making the transfer information correspond to connection information for identifying a connection within the ring network to provide a first communication path; determining whether to update the transfer information in each of the communication nodes according to the position where the fault occurs; and updating the transfer information according to the position where the fault occurs in one or more of communication nodes to provide a second communication path. Each of the plurality of communication nodes transfers input data by using the first or second communication path according to transfer information corresponding to connection information attached to the input data.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, allocating demand includes receiving a demand graph that describes demands of a network. One or more weights are calculated for each demand. The demands are allocated according to the weights of the demands to optimize optical line card sharing.

Abstract: An optical ring network has one or more working wavelengths and multiple protection wavelengths adapted to support the working wavelength(s). Routing tables may be used in network nodes to assign traffic of a failed working wavelength to a protection wavelength. The protection technique may be applied to networks employing, for example, Dense Wave Division Multiplexing (DWDM).

Abstract: A node apparatus in a ring network in which a protection path is provided that cycles around the ring network and transports a signal in a direction opposite to a signal transporting direction of the working path and in the event of a failure of the working path, a node apparatus adjacent to the failure loops back the signal flowing on the working path onto the protection path, the node apparatus comprising: allowable bandwidth storing unit which stores a maximum total bandwidth value, which represents the largest value among per-link total values of bandwidths that a plurality of working paths use on respective links connecting between the node apparatuses, as an allowable bandwidth for a shared path; and bandwidth control unit which controls the bandwidth of traffic flowing on the protection path, in accordance with the allowable bandwidth.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for protecting a data service in Metropolitan Area Transport Networks, a work path for services transport is established between a source node and a work destination node of the services in the Metropolitan Area Transport Network, and the method includes: setting a protection destination node using the nodes except the work destination node, and establishing a protection path between the source node and the protection destination node to protect the services of the work path; detecting by the source node the failure state of the links of the work path and the protection path, and the failure state of the nodes in the links; detecting by the work destination node and the protection destination node the failure state of the links connecting themselves with data devices, respectively, and notifying the source node when there is the failure state; switching the data services of the work path to the protection path after the source node detects the failure state of the link

Abstract: An Ethernet Ring Protection (ERP) method is disclosed. The method includes: when a link on an Ethernet ring network is faulty, determining whether the faulty link is a link where a normally blocked port is located; and sending a first control message which carries first indication information to a ring node on the Ethernet ring network if the faulty link is the link where the normally blocked port is located, wherein the first indication information indicates that a forwarding table is not desired to be cleared by the ring node. Through the method according to the present invention, the broadcast traffic generated by unnecessary clearing of the forwarding table and self-learning is reduced effectively.

Abstract: A system for fault-tolerant communication includes N nodes, out of which one is a gateway node, and N data links, each data link connecting two of the nodes, forming a ring structure. At least two of the data links are wireless data links. The system substantially do not use one of the wireless data links to send data, effectively partitioning the ring structure into a first chain and a second chain. The system sends data downstream direction and upstream direction, through the first and second chains. The system detaches at least one node from the first chain, by substantially stop using a wireless data link having a reduction in performance and belonging to the first chain, and connects the at least one node to the second chain by starting to use the wireless data link that was substantially not in use.

Abstract: In the case where an audio network system that performs transport of audio signals between a plurality of processors is constructed such that the plurality of processors each including two sets of transmission I/Fs and reception I/Fs are connected in series, and a TL frame generated by a master node is circulated along a ring transmission route formed among the processors in each fixed period, the TL frame including a plurality of storage regions for audio signals, when one of the processors is required to be the master node, the one processor resets in sequence processors which are connected on both sides thereof and processors behind the processors connected on both sides to once remove each of those processors from a ring transmission route if it belong to any ring transmission route, then incorporates the processors into a ring transmission route in which the one processor belongs to.

Abstract: In a switching network, each of a plurality of lower tier entities is coupled to each of multiple master switches at an upper tier by a respective one of multiple links. At each of the multiple master switches, a plurality of virtual ports each corresponding to a respective one of a plurality of remote physical interfaces (RPIs) at the lower tier are implemented on each of a plurality of ports. Each of the plurality of lower tier entities implements a respective egress port mapping indicating which of its plurality of RPIs transmits egress data traffic through each of its multiple links to the multiple master switches. In response to failure of one of the multiple links coupling a particular lower tier entity to a particular master switch, the particular lower tier entity updates its egress port mapping to redirect egress data traffic to another of the multiple master switches without packet dropping.

Abstract: A recovery method for ring-based network comprises following steps: when an error occurs at first node, second and third nodes adjacent to the first node transmit a link-down packet respectively; after the first node is repaired, the first, second and third nodes transmit a link-up packet respectively, and each link-up packet includes a priority value of the first, second or third node; the priority values of the first, second and third nodes are compared with each link-up packet to enter the ring port of the first node, the second node or the third node into a forward status or a blocked status; and a forward link or a blocked link is formed among the ring ports of the first, second and third nodes.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a plurality of network interfaces of a network device that are configured to communicate with other network devices in a first computer network are identified as network-to-network interfaces (NNIs). Also, one or more network interfaces of the network device that are configured to provide access to the first computer network to user devices are identified as user-to-network interfaces (UNIs). One or more NNIs of the plurality of NNIs are selected to forward traffic from the network device to an aggregation device of the first network that couples the first computer network to a second computer network. Also, one or more NNIs of the plurality of NNIs that have not been selected to forward traffic from the device to the aggregation device are designated as network-to-network interface alternates (NNI-ALTs). The one or more NNI-ALTs are treated as UNIs for user data traffic forwarding decisions.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention describe an electronic method for processing stranded payments and lockbox payments at the same designated payment location. The method includes receiving a stranded payment at a non-designated payment location, and electronically scanning the stranded payment at the non-designated payment location. The scanned information is transmitted, in a secure manner, to a designated payment location remote from the non-designated payment location. The stranded payment and a lockbox payment are cleared, in the same electronic workflow, the transmitted information is used in the clearing process. Embodiments of the invention also include updating, for each stranded and lockbox payment, the accounts receivable system of the customer receiving the stranded or lockbox payment, and transmitting a response indicating the final status of the clearing of the stranded payment to the non-designated payment location.

Abstract: A method and a device for preventing repeated refreshing of an address table of an Ethernet ring network node are provided. After a state of a port of the Ethernet ring network node is changed to a blocked state, it is determined that whether the Ethernet ring network node is an RPL neighbor node and whether the blockage is triggered by an RPL Blocked protocol frame. If so, the Ethernet ring network node stores refreshed record information corresponding to its two ports on the ring. The problem that an RPL neighbor node refreshes an address table repeatedly in the scenario of switchback of an Ethernet ring network can be effectively solved via the aforementioned method and device, thereby reducing flow broadcast during protection switching of the Ethernet ring network and improving the switching efficiency.

Abstract: There is provided a node apparatus having a plurality of interface units for interfacing to a transmission line, switch units of a work system and a protection system for switching signals of the transmission line, and a service selector used to relieve a network failure over ring networks interconnected by node apparatuses, the node apparatus including a first controller for controlling the service selector in the switch units, and a second controller for controlling setting information of alarm detection in case of using the service selector in the interface units.

Abstract: A network node includes a primary incoming interface, a secondary incoming interface and a data flow control unit. The primary incoming interface is operable to receive traffic associated with a particular source and multicast group. The secondary incoming interface is operable to serve as a backup interface if the primary incoming interface or a transmission path coupled to the primary incoming interface is inoperative. The data flow control unit is operable to determine whether the network node is part of a ring topology and if so, forward traffic received on the primary incoming interface associated with the source and multicast group to both a host which joined the multicast group and the secondary incoming interface and forward traffic received on the secondary incoming interface associated with the source and multicast group to the primary incoming interface.

Abstract: In general, techniques are described for implementing a virtual snooping bridge in computer networks. The techniques may be implemented by a ring network comprised of a plurality of ring network devices arranged in a ring topology. In one aspect, a ring network device coupled to an adjacent device that provides access to multicast content implements the techniques. This ring network device comprises one or more ports and a control unit. The ports receive ring messages from one or more of the other ring network devices in accordance with a group management ring protocol (GMRP). The ring messages indicate operations requested by one or more host devices with respect to delivery of content of the multicast group. The control unit then presents the received operations to the adjacent network device such that, from the perspective of the adjacent network device, the ring network appears as a single layer two network device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method in an interface node for protecting an Ethernet ring from a superloop going through the Ethernet ring, wherein the Ethernet ring comprises a pair of interface nodes between the Ethernet ring and a VPLS-domain, the method comprising the steps of: receiving in the interface node a priority message indicating a priority level for each Ethernet ring connected to the VPLS-domain; receiving in the interface node a withdrawal message intended to indicate that the other interface node is malfunctioning; and transmitting from the interface node a signal failure message to the Ethernet ring in a case any other Ethernet rings has a lower priority level than said Ethernet ring.

Abstract: A weighting process may be used to select between alternate neighbors in a RAPID calculation to enable policy and/or traffic engineering considerations to affect the selection of an alternate path through the network. The information used to weight the neighbors may static administratively assigned weighting information or dynamic weighting information such as local statistical traffic condition information. The process may take into account the amount of traffic being handled by the current primary next hop for the destination, the available capacity of the available alternate neighbors, the ability of the alternate neighbors to handle the additional traffic, and other considerations. Weighting may occur after a set of available loop free alternate neighbors has been determined. Alternatively, weighting may occur before the RAPID calculation has been performed to cause the neighbors to be ordered prior to RAPID processing. This may enable RAPID calculation to stop without considering all available neighbors.

Abstract: A digital telecommunications system, a method of reconnecting branches to a softswitch in a communications network and a program product for reconnecting branches to a softswitch in a communications network. A softswitch manages communications between devices at network endpoints, e.g., session initiation protocol (SIP) devices. When a branch is disconnected from the softswitch, the softswitch manages reconnects, prioritizing reconnects when multiple branches request reconnecting.

Abstract: A bridge apparatus creates, transmits and circulates pass checking frames having virtual network identifiers in a ring network, and collects a passing/non-passing state of each virtual network identifier. The bridge apparatus creates, transmits and circulates a usage state checking frame in the ring network, and collects a used/unused state of the virtual network identifier of each bridge apparatus. The bridge apparatus creates, transmits and circulates a connection changing frame to change the virtual network identifier having the used state and the non-passing state into the virtual network identifier having the unused state and the passing state. Each bridge apparatus changes the virtual network identifier having the used state and the non-passing state into the virtual network identifier having the unused state and the passing state.

Abstract: A method and system for sharing protection of a mesh network protection domain are disclosed by the present invention. The method includes: presetting a protection ring in the mesh network protection domain, a path of the protection ring running through source and destination nodes of a plurality of services in the mesh network protection domain, and only reserving protection resources on the path of the protection ring; determining protection methods used respectively by a plurality of services said above and configuring a corresponding protection group; setting protection paths of all protection groups on the protection ring, and sharing the protection resources of the protection ring.

Abstract: A method includes sending a data packet, or a copy of the data packet, from a first video distribution hub to a second video distribution hub. The first video distribution hub is coupled to a first link and to a second link. The method also includes, in response to the second link being intact, sending the data packet, or the copy of the data packet, from the first video distribution hub to the second video distribution hub via a primary network path that includes the second link and excludes the first link. The method also includes, in response to a failure of the second link, sending the data packet, or the copy of the data packet, from the first video distribution hub to the second video distribution hub via a backup network path that includes the first link and that does not include the second link.

Abstract: Erroneous data due to faults are prevented from propagating through a distributed network node having diversely routed communications links by using a fault masking technique that eliminates the 60 ms of error propagation time associated with SONET networks. The fault masking technique can also prevent random bit errors from propagating through the distributed network node. A frame alignment technique used in the network node is scalable for very wide words (e.g., 128 bits) for use with high speed optical communications protocols, such as OC-192.

Abstract: A system and method for solving the weak membership problem in a system of nodes that might include redundancies. Each node is given the same random seed. Each node uses a link state protocol to determine the current system topography, and then an optimization such as simulated annealing is run on the topography at each node, independently of the other nodes, to determine the optimum weak membership for use thereof in subsequent system operations. Since each node starts with the same random seed, the nodes all arrive at the same solution without having to communicate a common solution between nodes.

Abstract: Ring type switches 10X, 10Y that connect to two sub-rings 51, 52 are provided to maintain Ethernet communications between sub-rings even when a fault occurs in a ring type switch. By carrying out redundant control processing based on the operating status of itself and the companion in these ring type switches 10X, 10Y, one operates as the currently used system and carries out relay connections between the sub-rings 51, 52 and the other operates as a standby system and stops relay connections between the sub-rings 51, 52.

Abstract: Optical By-Pass (OBP) links may be created by adding wavelengths between nodes on the network. The OBP may extend between any pair of nodes on the network. Intermediate nodes on the OBP are transient nodes and simply forward traffic optically. An OBP extends between a pair of nodes and, unlike express links, is created in such a manner that it does not affect the previous allocation of resources on the network. This enables capacity to be added between pairs of nodes on the network to alleviate congestion at a portion of the network, without changing other traffic patterns on the network. This enables inclusion of an OBP to be deterministic and of linear impact on the network. The OBP links may be statically provisioned or created on demand. Optionally, the OBP links may be crated to coincide with PBB-TE tunnels on the network.

Abstract: A telecommunications system including a plurality of switches defining an Ethernet ring; a plurality of virtual local area networks defined on the Ethernet ring, defining a number of virtual local area networks (VLANs) equal in number to the number of links; and a ring recovery system configured to recover from a link failure by rerouting traffic to a destination on the Ethernet ring via a VLAN not including a failed link.

Abstract: A switching hub for processing a VLAN frame transmitted through a transmission line of a ring network includes two ring ports connected to the transmission line of the ring network, and a forwarding processing mechanism for, when one of the two ring ports receives the frame and when a VLAN in which the received frame belongs is a VLAN only through both the ring ports, forwarding the frame to the other ring port without performing FDB learning on the frame.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for protecting a semi-ring network. The method includes: running an Ethernet ring network protection protocol at a networking port of each non-closed ring node and a networking port of each closed ring node on a semi-ring network, and adding all networking ports into a virtual local area network that is corresponding to a protection instance; and establishing a pseudo wire PWE3 based or message mechanism based connection between non-closed ring nodes on the semi-ring network, where the connection is used to transfer an Ethernet ring network protection protocol packet of the protection instance. Based on the protection method, the embodiments of the present invention further provide a network device and a system for protecting a semi-ring network.

Abstract: A communication system, network node, and communication port architecture are provided for transporting data across a ring network. If a network node detects a signal failure, the communication port of the network node configures itself as timing master and communicates a shutdown command to the other network nodes. In addition, the communication port sets an internal flag signaling this “signal off” event. All other network nodes, which receive the shutdown flag, do not set this internal status, and instead, save a status of “no fault saved.” Accordingly, it can be easily determined where the loss of signal occurred.

Abstract: A communication system comprises a plurality of line cards having transceivers coupled to a plurality of subscriber lines. Each line card has at least one active transceiver within the same vectoring group, and each line card also has vector logic capable of cancelling crosstalk induced by an active transceiver that is a member of the vectoring group. Further, the line cards are coupled to one another via a ring connection across which vectoring information is passed from one line card to the next. In the event of a failure of one of the line cards, the failed card is bypassed by the vectoring stream so that the operational line cards can continue crosstalk vectoring operations despite such failure.