Abstract: The exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a beam selecting apparatus of a fixed beam terminal, including: a delay time measuring unit which measures delay times of a plurality of signals received through a plurality of beams; a beam selecting unit which compares a threshold value selected based on the measured delay time and a signal strength of each of the plurality of signals to select a beam; and a switching type beam former which operates the plurality of beams in accordance with the selected beam.

Abstract: Four independent technologies are incorporated in this invention to efficiently and cost effectively implement dynamic last mile connectivity. The four technologies are passive optical networks (PON), Small cell, wavefront multiplexing (or K-muxing), and digital beam forming (DBF). We have filed US patents for communications architectures featuring K-muxing overlaid over low cost of PON. Those inventions relate particularly to resource allocation in passive optical networks (PON) via wavefront multiplexing (WF-muxing or K-muxing) and wavefront demultiplexing (WF-demuxing or K-demuxing). The “WF-muxing in PON” can be configured for performing remote digital beam forming (RDBF) over a service area covered by multiple small cells. The RDBF may generate multiple shaped beams with enhanced connectivity and better isolations over a same frequency slot concurrently to serve multiple users over the coverage area.

Abstract: A mobile station transmits to a base station a plurality of pre-coding indicators using respective feedback schemes of a plurality of kinds of feedback schemes that can be set simultaneously by the base station. The mobile station receives from the base station a downlink signal on which pre-coders corresponding to one of the transmitted pre-coding indicators have been applied, and a pre-coder confirmation representing whether the corresponding pre-coders have been applied. The pre-coders represented by the pre-coder confirmation are associated with one of the plural feedback schemes.

Abstract: A communications terminal communicates data to/from a mobile communications network. The mobile communications network includes a radio network including one or more base stations configured to provide a low bandwidth communications interface formed from a low bandwidth carrier for communicating the data to or receiving the data from the communications terminal in accordance with a relatively low bandwidth, and to provide a high bandwidth communications interface formed from a high bandwidth carrier for communicating the data to or receiving the data from the communications terminal in accordance with a relatively high bandwidth. The communications terminal is configured to attach for communication to the high bandwidth interface, and in response to receiving a command from the mobile communications network, to detach from the high bandwidth interface and to re-attach to the low bandwidth interface for communicating the data to or from the mobile communications network via the low bandwidth interface.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for connecting Digital Units (DUs) and Radio frequency Units (RUs) of base transceivers in a wireless communication system. The method includes identifying a failed DU of a base transceiver; and linking an RU corresponding to the failed DU to a DU of a different base transceiver which operates normally.

Abstract: Disclosed are techniques to minimize the electricity consumption of battery powered devices during network communications and performance of other functions. Example techniques include efficiently discovering other mains powered and battery powered devices within communication range of the battery powered device. In another example, techniques enable a battery powered device to serve as a relay for one or more other battery powered devices. In another example, techniques ensure that transmissions to and/or from battery powered devices are delivered efficiently and with low latency. In yet another example, techniques determine whether and under what conditions a battery powered device should migrate from one network to another. In the event of migration, example techniques minimize battery consumption associated with the migration.

Abstract: A base station apparatus includes at least one remote unit apparatus including at least one antenna; and a central unit apparatus connected to each remote unit via a transmission path. The remote antenna receives a wireless transmission signal from at least one wireless terminal including at least one antenna. The remote unit includes a channel estimation unit functioning between the terminal antenna and the remote antenna, using a reception signal received by the remote unit antenna; a reception signal processing unit that detects a reception signal corresponding to the transmission signal, using the channel information estimated by the channel estimation unit; a decoding unit that decodes each signal detected by the reception signal processing unit; and an inter-unit transmission unit that transmits each signal decoded by the decoding unit to the central unit. The central unit is provided with an inter-unit receiving unit and a signal selection unit.

Abstract: A method for controlling transmission rate for video streaming based on queuing delay, includes determining a queuing delay for a packet transmitted from a source to a destination over a packet switched network and adjusting a transmission rate of the source in response to the determined queuing delay.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a data transmission method and apparatus, and a user equipment. The method includes: classifying, by using a transmission time interval TTI as a classification basis, TTIs on a carrier in a cell into a time division multiplexing TDM TTI and a code division multiplexing CDM TTI; and sending, to a user equipment UE, control information carrying a classified result, so as to instruct the UE to send uplink data according to the classified result and a data scheduling type of the UE in the TDM TTI or the CDM. By using the foregoing technical solution, a data transmission resource can be well saved and scheduling flexibility can be improved.

Abstract: A terminal apparatus and retransmission control method reduces overhead of the uplink control channel in cases when ARQ is applied in communication that uses an uplink unit band and a plurality of downlink unit bands associated with the uplink unit band. A first condition is set in which downlink assignment control information is transmitted from a base station by a unit band group which comprises a basic unit band, which is the downlink unit band on which a broadcast channel signal including information relating to the uplink unit band is transmitted, and a second downlink unit band other than the basic unit band. A bundling unit will not transmit a response signal to the base station in certain cases.

Abstract: According to various embodiments, a radio communication device may be provided. The radio communication device may include: a transmitter configured to transmit a null data packet. The null data packet may include acknowledgement data indicating acknowledgements for a plurality of packets. The null data packet may include a cyclic redundancy check field configured to provide information based on which the null data packet or acknowledgements may be checked for errors. The null data packet may include further information based on which the acknowledgements may be checked for errors.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving a signal in a Distributed Antenna System (DAS) is provided. A method for determining an initial state in a DAS includes receiving a value through high-level signalling and determining an initial state based on the value, in which the value includes a value in which is set an initial state of a scrambling sequence, which differs according to a transmission point.

Abstract: A method and device for obtaining and reporting a measurement result of measurement item related to uplink coverage. The method comprises: obtaining a minimized drive test MDT parameter; calculating the measurement result of the measurement item related to the uplink coverage based on the MDT parameter, and sending the measurement result, wherein the measurement item comprises at least one of an uplink pathloss, a power of a Physical Uplink Shared Channel PUSCH for each resource block and a power of a Physical Uplink Control Channel PUCCH; or saving the MDT parameter in an MDT measurement report and sending the MDT measurement report to a trace collection entity TCE, by eNB, wherein the TCE obtains the MDT parameter from the obtained MDT measurement report and calculates the measurement result based on the MDT parameter.

Abstract: A method of detecting a jamming transmitter includes the steps of indicating that a communication user equipment is capable of communicating in a cellular code division multiple access based radio network; testing a match of a uniform synchronization signal sequence of a synchronization channel; detecting a power indicator indicative of an unbiased wide band power of a received radio signal strength and comparing the power indicator to a noise floor threshold; and indicating a jamming affection of the communication user equipment in the case where (i) the communication indication is on hold; and (ii) the uniform synchronization sequence of the synchronization channel is not matched in the test, and (iii) the power indicator exceeds the noise floor threshold.

Abstract: A method by a User Equipment (UE) is described. The method includes establishing a first radio interface between the UE and a first point on an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN). The method also includes establishing a second radio interface between the UE and a second point on the E-UTRAN by using the first radio interface. The method further includes mapping data radio bearers (DRBs) to at least one of the first radio interface and the second radio interface.

Abstract: A system and method for multiple point transmission in a communications system are provided. A method for multiple point transmission operation comprises modifying a configuration of a radio bearer for use in a multiple point transmission to a user equipment according to operating condition information of the user equipment, reconfiguring the radio bearer according to the modified configuration, and initiating a multiple point transmission to the user equipment using the reconfigured radio bearer.

Abstract: A method for scheduling a pilot signal, a control node and a wireless device are proposed. The control node manages an i-th cell among N cells of a network cluster. The method includes: dividing a training time into at least (N) time slots; scheduling a wireless device of the i-th cell to transmit a first pilot signal at a j-th time slot and a (j+1)-th time slot, or scheduling the wireless device of the i-th cell to transmit a second pilot signal at the j-th time slot and the (j+1)-th time slot; scheduling the wireless device to alternately transmit the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal at residual time slots other than the j-th time slot and the (j+1)-th time slot, wherein the first pilot signal and the second pilot signal have opposite signs.

Abstract: A mobile communication method according to the present invention includes a step of transmitting, by a radio base station DeNB, a first downlink signal in a first subframe to a relay node RN, a step of transmitting, by the relay node RN, a second downlink signal in a second subframe to a mobile station UE, a step of notifying, by the relay node RN, the radio base station DeNB of information indicating “Half duplex inband Relay Node”, and a step of transmitting, by the radio base station DeNB, a transmission timing of R-PDCCH and R-PDSCH in a Un subframe to the relay node RN according to the notification.

Abstract: A method for transmitting acknowledgement/negative acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) signals by an apparatus in a wireless communication system. The apparatus spreads ACK/NACKs using spreading codes of a spreading factor, the spreading factor being one of a first spreading factor equal to 2 and a second spreading factor equal to 4. The apparatus transmits one or more physical hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) indicator channel (PHICH) groups allocated in units of four resource elements, each PHICH group carrying up to four ACK/NACK signals for the first spreading factor, and up to eight ACK/NACK signals for the second spreading factor. A total number of allocated PHICH groups for the first spreading factor is determined as twice a total number of allocated PHICH groups for the second spreading factor. Each ACK/NACK signal is identified using an index pair of a PHICH group index and a spreading code index.

Abstract: This application pertains to systems, apparatus and methods for decreasing interference in wireless networks caused by User Equipments (UEs) entering compressed mode. Under certain generally accepted communication protocols, a UE can transmit at a higher power relative to normal transmissions when it enters compressed mode. These high power transmissions can cause interference both for UEs within the same cell (e.g., small cells or macrocells) as well as for UEs in neighboring cells. This interference can be minimized by using the presently disclosed systems, apparatus and methods to schedule time slots for UEs to go into compressed mode such that the distance in time between any two UEs going into compressed mode across one or more neighboring cells is maximized. By spreading out the interference effect of UEs going into compressed mode over time, overall interference in the wireless network can be decreased.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to handling of connection setups. More particularly, they relate to a method performed in a UE (4) for requesting a connection set up with a network node (2). The UE (4) receives a signal comprising a set of classifying parameters and based on these parameters determines at least one class to which it belongs to. The UE (4) also receives a PRACH preamble scheme associated with said class to be used by the UE (4) during a connection setup request. The method further controls the timing of transmitting at least one request, signal for requesting a connection setup with the network node (2) according to the received PRACH preamble scheme. Embodiments herein also relate to a method performed in a network node (2), and to a network node (2) and to a UE (4).

Abstract: A transmission method including: a spreading code channel selection for selecting randomly a spreading code channel for CDMA spreading of transmission data, a time slot channel selection for selecting randomly a time slot channel for transmitting the CDMA-spread transmission data, a frequency channel selection for selecting randomly a frequency channel for transmitting the CMDA-spread transmission data, and a transmission for transmitting the transmission data CDMA-spread in the spreading code channel selected in the spreading code channel selection, using the time slot channel selected in the time slot channel selection, at a frequency corresponding to the frequency channel selected in the frequency channel selection.

Abstract: Uplink transmission in shorted transmission time intervals is provided herein. A method can comprise receiving, by a device comprising a processor, a first downlink control information related to scheduling a first uplink data transmission via a first transmission time interval. The method can also comprise receiving, by the device, a second downlink control information related to scheduling a second uplink data transmission via a second transmission time interval, wherein the second uplink data transmission overlaps at least a symbol with the first uplink data transmission. The method can also transmitting, by the device, the first uplink data transmission or the second uplink data transmission based on prioritization determined based on a first length of the first transmission time interval and a second length of the second transmission time interval.

Abstract: A system and method manages call connections between mobile subscribers and an EP-based wireless telecommunications network through a wireless access point. Communications between the mobile subscribers and the IP-based wireless telecommunications network are initiated by a registration request. During the registration request various identifiers (IMSI, MAC address, IP Address, etc.) are communicated to the system. The system is arranged to log the identifiers and associate those identifiers with the entry point (e.g., the wireless access point) into the IP based wireless network. Call connections from the mobile subscribers are monitored for various throughput and call quality based metrics. Call handoffs between the IP-based wireless communications network and the cellular telephony network are managed by the system based on the monitored call quality and throughput metrics on a per-access point basis using the registered identifiers.

Abstract: A transmitting device and a receiving device wherein, on the transmitting side, a signal creation unit creates, as its output, a signal generated adding up the signals assuming that different data has passed through multiple virtual channels and, on the receiving side, oversampling is performed, the sampled data is distributed, and signals are detected assuming that the distributed data is the output of multiple virtual reception antennas.

Abstract: In accordance with an illustrative embodiment, a method and device are provided. The method, system, and device comprise an information module and a communication module. The information module may be configured to identify information related to a plurality of signals associated with the device and identify a signal interference affecting a first signal by a second signal of the plurality of signals based on the information. The communication module may be configured to send interference information to a network interface related to the signal interference if the signal interference is identified.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image forming system including: an image forming apparatus comprising a wireless communication unit; and a terminal device for transmitting a print job to the image forming apparatus, wherein the wireless communication unit executes a wave radio intensity setting process in which the wireless communication unit transmits a received signal intensity request at a predetermined radio wave intensity, receives information from the terminal device, which indicates a received signal intensity at a timing of receiving the received signal intensity request, and sets a radio wave intensity of a radio wave to be transmitted by the wireless communication unit to a set value which is lowered within a range in which the image forming apparatus is communicable with the terminal device in which the received signal intensity indicated in the information is lowest, and the image forming apparatus executes the print job received from the terminal device.

Abstract: A closed-loop calibration scheme is configured to allow a device to remain in continuous operation. A signal generator device provides a pseudorandom sequence for a signal received by a magnetic field magnetic field sensor, such as a Hall-effect sensor. A signal decoder circuit receives the output signal and decouples the generated spread spectrum signal from the interference by measuring the gain in the overall signal. The decoder device distinguishes the known spread spectrum signal from any perturbation effects of particular bandwidths. A processing circuit then outputs a signal that has an operation parameter that has been adjusted to compensate for the perturbation effects. The processing circuit provides the receiver circuit with the compensation signal, hence forming a closed-loop calibration configuration.

Abstract: An automated method of determining a location of an aerial platform is described. The method includes: transmitting, from the aerial platform, a first pilot signal; receiving, at a set of ground devices, the first pilot signal; determining a first set of values based on measurements associated with the first pilot signal; and calculating a position of the aerial platform based at least partly on the first set of values. An automated method adapted to determine a location of a ground device includes: transmitting, from the ground device, a first pilot signal; receiving, at each aerial platform in a set of aerial platforms, the first pilot signal; determining a first set of values based on measurements associated with the first pilot signal; and calculating a position of the ground device based at least partly on the first set of values. A system adapted to provide location information is described.

Abstract: A method includes transmitting a random access preamble, receiving a random access response as a response of the random access preamble, wherein the random access response comprises an uplink resource assignment and a request for transmission of a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), and transmitting the CQI in the uplink resource assignment.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to facilitating load sharing between a serving cell and a neighboring cell of a cellular radio communication system. The serving cell serves a plurality of radio devices. A network node of the cellular radio communication system defines a first group of radio devices. The first group is a sub-group of the plurality of radio devices served by the serving cell. The network node associates the first group of radio devices with a load sharing boundary to a load sharing zone between the serving cell and the neighboring cell. Beyond the load sharing boundary, the radio devices in the first group are regarded as being able to be handed over to the neighboring cell. The network node gathers statistics relating to connection failures experienced by the radio devices in the first group and adjusts the load sharing boundary based on the gathered statistics.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed herein for an enhanced Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS) in a wireless communications network. In one embodiment, a number of base stations in a MBMS zone, or broadcast region, accommodate both Spatial Multiplexing (SM) enabled user elements and non-SM enabled user elements. In another embodiment, a number of base stations form a MBMS zone, or broadcast region, where the MBMS zone is sub-divided into an SM zone and a non-SM zone. In another embodiment, the wireless communications network includes multiple MBMS zones. For each MBMS zone, base stations serving the MBMS zone transmit an MBMS zone identifier (ID) for the MBMS zone. The MBMS zone ID may be used by a user element for decoding and/or to determine when to perform a handoff from one MBMS zone to another.

Abstract: A self-organization network establishing method comprising following steps is presented. A plurality of zone controllers (ZCs) establishes a connection, and one of the ZCs is chosen as a ZC-head. The ZC-head instructs the ZCs to enable a joining-permitted function. A plurality of wireless nodes respectively searches for one of the ZCs to join to a corresponding controller network thereof after the ZCs enable the joining-permitted function. The ZC-head collects data of the wireless nodes through the ZCs, and generates configuration messages for each wireless node based on the collected data. The ZCs disconnect all network connections after the collection is completed. Finally, each wireless node respectively re-searches for their best ZC to join to the corresponding controller network thereof according to the configuration messages.

Abstract: The present invention provides a signal processing system and associated method. The signal processing system includes converter(s) for conversion between digital and analog, each converter includes multiple serially coupled units forming multiple frequency interfaces respectively associating with different frequencies, and each converter is partitioned, at a selected frequency interface, to a first portion and a second portion respectively formed in the first chip and the second chip. The partitioning frequency interface is selected to reduce implement cost.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a device in a network receives one or more time slot usage reports regarding a use of time slots of a channel hopping schedule by nodes in the network. The device predicts a time slot demand change for a particular node based on the one or more time slot usage reports. The device identifies a time frame associated with the predicted time slot demand change. The device adjusts a time slot assignment for the particular node in the channel hopping schedule based on predicted demand change and the identified time frame associated with the predicted time slot demand change.

Abstract: A mobile station (e.g., an MTC device), an access node (e.g., BSS) and various methods are described herein for implementing an accelerated system access procedure (ASAP) which improves the radio resource utilization efficiency by having: (1) the mobile station transmit a packet channel request to the access node, where the packet channel request includes a unique identifier associated with the mobile station, and (2) the access node after receiving the packet channel request transmits an Immediate Assignment (IA) message to the mobile station, where the IA message includes the unique identifier associated with the mobile station.

Abstract: A user terminal includes a processing device and a memory storage device. The user terminal is programmed to receive a forward link signal from at least one of a plurality of network devices and transmit a return link signal to the plurality of network devices. The user terminal is further programmed to select one of the plurality of network devices and transmit the return link signal to the selected one of the plurality of network devices at an optimized return link signal transmission strength. The network device is programmed to receive the return link signal from at least one of a plurality of user terminals, determine an initial offset associated with the return link signal, and transmit the initial offset and an original forward pilot to total transmit power ratio over a broadcast channel to the at least one of the plurality of user terminals.

Abstract: A wireless communication system, which supports enhanced dedicated channel (E-DCH) data transmissions, includes a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU), at least one Node-B and a radio network controller (RNC). The WTRU includes a buffer, a data lifespan timer, a data retransmission counter, a hybrid-automatic repeat request (H-ARQ) process and a controller. The timer establishes a lifespan for at least one data block stored in the buffer. If physical resources have not been allocated for a data block associated with a lifespan timer that is close to expiration, the WTRU sends an urgent channel allocation request. If physical resources have been allocated, the data block is prioritized for transmission with respect to other data blocks. The data block is discarded if the lifespan timer expires or if the WTRU receives feedback information indicating that the data block was successfully received by the Node-B.

Abstract: The present invention relates to communication technology. Disclosed are a method and device for activating and deactivating a secondary component carrier (SCC) in carrier aggregation. When the cache data volume reported by an RLC reaches an activation data volume threshold, increasing the count value of an SCC activation counter instead of directly activating an SCC; when determining that a monitor condition is met, and if the ratio of the count value of the SCC activation counter and the report times of the RLC reaches a set activation threshold, then indicating that the cache data volumes reported for multiple times all reach the activation data volume threshold, and then activating the SCC, thus avoiding multiple activations and deactivations during a short time, and improving SCC rate stability.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for enabling location identification and related services in a premises. In one embodiment, location identification services are provided via a gateway device using data extracted from a wireless signal. The data is used to estimate a location of a device (based on comparison to previously gathered and/or reference data). In another embodiment, infrared (IR) or other short range wireless signals are broadcast from the client devices to a set-top-box (STB), and the STB or gateway correlates the signals to a location within the premises. A profiling process is used to establish specific locations within a premises, and associate location-specific services therewith.

Abstract: A data transmitting method applied with HARQ for transmitting data from a data transmission side to a data reception side. The data transmission side allocates a process, which is a transmission unit of the same data, to new transmission data and transmits the new transmission data, cyclically continues to transmit the same data of the new transmission data or an error correction code of the same data in a process same as the process until generation of another new transmission data, and allocates, when another new transmission data is generated, the process of the cyclically continued transmission to the other new transmission data and cyclically transmits the other new transmission data. The data reception side performs data combination by the HARQ using the received data to normally receive data and detect a data error or data non-reception and monitors a communication connection state with the data transmission side.

Abstract: A server device may receive content that was transmitted using a broadcast technique; track a quantity of user devices that have entered a particular area after the content has been received by the server device; determine, based on the tracking, that the quantity of user devices meets or exceeds a threshold quantity; and redistributing, by the server device and based on the determining, the content to one or more of the user devices that have entered the particular area after the content has been received by the server device.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention relate to a radio link reestablishment method and a controller. The method includes: if after sending downlink signaling or downlink data for designated times, a controller receives no corresponding acknowledgment returned by a user equipment in a cell dedicated channel state, or the controller receives a radio link failure indication message sent by a base station corresponding to the user equipment, the controller instructs the user equipment to re-search for a cell to trigger a cell update procedure, thereby improving reliability of a communications service, and ensuring normal running of the communications service.

Abstract: A gateway device includes a communication unit communicating a frame signal conforming to an IuUP (Iu User Plane) protocol with a wireless base station controller connected to a circuit switching network; a determination unit determining whether the frame signal received by the communication unit satisfies a predetermined condition or not; a conversion unit converting information included in the frame signal to information to be set in a flow control signal of an IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) when the frame signal satisfies the predetermined condition; and a flow control signal transmission unit transmitting the flow control signal to a communication device in the IMS.

Abstract: One or more devices may receive multiple data records from a sensor device when the sensor device receives an indication from a network device, associated with a service provider network, to provide the multiple data records via the service provider network. Each of the multiple data records may include analytics data collected by the sensor device. The one or more devices may store the multiple data records; receive, from a client device, a data request for one or more of the multiple data records meeting particular criteria; form, based on receiving the data request, processed data including the one or more of the multiple data records meeting the particular criteria; and provide the processed data to the client device.

Abstract: Systems and methodologies are described that facilitate efficient cell acquisition in a wireless communication system. In one aspect, a reference signal for use in cell acquisition can be constructed in a bandwidth-agnostic manner such that it contains a common central portion in a predetermined frequency band that is independent of a bandwidth utilized by an associated wireless communication system. The central portion can be constructed as a two-dimensional block in time and frequency that spans a default cell search bandwidth, a predetermined bandwidth specified by synchronization codes or other signals, or another suitable bandwidth. A reference signal can then be constructed form the central portion by tiling or expanding the central portion such that it spans the entire system bandwidth.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications and, more particularly, to using fields of a frame to indicate different modulation and coding scheme (MCS) sets for communications on a first bandwidth and on a second bandwidth.

Abstract: A mobile device may generate reference bits. The mobile device may also produce a frame to send in an uplink transmission having two portions selectively with the reference bits or data bits.

Abstract: UE that are able to cancel interference from CRS, a PDSCH, a PDCCH, or a PCFICH may do so without explicitly signaling the capability to the serving eNB. The serving eNB may transmit to the UE a plurality of cell identifiers to indicate from which cells interference should be canceled. The UE receives CRS, PDSCH, PDCCH, or PCFICH from the serving eNB and cancels CRS, PDSCH, PDCCH, or PCFICH interference, respectively from the signal received from the eNB. The UE cancels the interference from the cells that correspond to the cell identifiers. The UE may then transmit a report to the eNB with a quality measurement without the interference.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reporting power headroom to a base station in a user equipment having two subscriber identity modules (SIMs). In a user equipment with a dual connectivity SIM, the power headroom report (PHR) to a first base station includes a second power headroom value of the dual connectivity connection reduced by the power headroom value of the second SIM. The PHR to the second base station includes the first power headroom value reduced by the power headroom value of the second SIM. In a single connectivity, dual SIM user equipment, the PHR includes an average power headroom value of the other SIM.