Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described herein that may be used to determine one or more control channel operational parameters associated with transmitting first uplink control information (UCI) and second UCI in a same control channel. The parameters may include respective repetition factors and/or spreading factors associated with the first UCI and the second UCI. The parameters may be determined based on respective characteristics of the first UCI and the second UCI. These characteristics may include reliability requirements, usage scenarios, and/or the like. Self-contained subframes may be employed to transmit data and/or control information. The control information may be transmitted using different numerologies than the data.

Abstract: A session management function (SMF) receives, from a wireless device, a protocol data unit (PDU) session establishment request message including a parameter indicating a request for synchronization of multiple data flows. The session management function sends, to a user plane function (UPF) and based on the parameter, a user plane rule indicating that the UPF performs synchronized forwarding of packets of the multiple data flows.

Abstract: A relay node within a network, the network further comprising at least one donor node coupled to the relay node, and a mobile termination coupled to the relay node and at least one donor node, the relay node comprising means for: receiving a configuration message; configuring the relay node, based on the configuration message, to perform at least one of: receiving packets from the mobile termination and originating from one of the donor nodes; and sending packets to one of the donor nodes by transmitting them to the mobile termination.

Abstract: An apparatus including means for receiving, from a first user equipment associated with a network via a first path, a request at a second user equipment associated with the network, for the second user equipment to act as a relay node for the first user equipment acting as a master node to provide a second path between the first user equipment and the network, wherein the first user equipment and the second user equipment are connected using a proximity service interface, performing, at the second user equipment, an authorisation procedure with the network to act as a relay node for the first user equipment and providing an indication to the first user equipment that the second user equipment is authorised to act as a relay node for the first user equipment.

Abstract: A user equipment (UE) monitors for a synchronization signal block (SSB) to synchronize with a cell of a network. The UE monitors a frequency band during a discovery reference signal (DRS) window for a synchronization signal block (SSB) transmitted by a cell of the network, determines an SSB index based on information received from the cell of the network and synchronizes with the cell based on the SSB index.

Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) procedure for the random access channel (RACH) response message in a two-step RACH procedure. A method that may be performed by a user equipment (UE) includes sending a RACH message to a base station (BS) during a two-step RACH procedure. The RACH message includes a RACH preamble and a RACH payload. The UE monitors a RACH response message from the BS during a random access response (RAR) window. The UE transmits a retransmission of the RACH message, an acknowledgement (ACK) to the RACH response message, a negative acknowledgment (NACK) to the RACH response message, or does not transmit, to the BS based on whether a RACH response message carrying a success RAR or a fallback RAR, or no RACH response message, is received from the BS during the window.

Abstract: A first apparatus is provided that is configured to receive, from a wireless device, an indication enabling radar measurement sharing; receive a first set of configuration parameters for the radar measurement sharing; perform a radar measurement based on the first set of configuration parameters and network state information; and transmit a first set of radar measurement transmissions at a first radar measurement transmission rate selected based on the first set of configuration parameters and the network state information. In some aspects, a second apparatus is provided that is configured to select a first set of UEs from a plurality of UEs for radar measurement sharing; transmit, to each UE in the first set of UEs, an indication enabling the radar measurement sharing; and receive, from each UE in the first set of UEs, a radar measurement transmission based on a radar measurement performed at a corresponding UE.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices related to related to digital wireless communication, and more specifically, to techniques related to pre-configure dedicated resources for data transmission. In one exemplary aspect, a method for wireless communication includes receiving a pre-configured transmission resource request from a terminal. The method also includes configuring a pre-configured transmission resource based on the pre-configured transmission resource request. In another exemplary embodiment, a method for wireless communication includes receiving a pre-configured transmission resource request from a terminal, wherein the pre-configured transmission resource request includes a medium access control (MAC) control element. The method also includes configuring a pre-configured transmission resource based on the pre-configured transmission resource request.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may encode channel state feedback (CSF) information to compress the CSF information to a first encoding output associated with a first dimensional space, and apply entropy coding to the first encoding output of the channel state feedback information. The entropy coding may transform the first encoding output to a second encoding output associated with a second dimensional space that is smaller than the first dimensional space of the first encoding output. The UE may transmit a CSF message comprising the second encoding output. A network device may receive the CSF message and apply entropy decoding to the compressed CSF information to partially decompress the compressed CSF information to a first decoding output. The network device may decode the first decoding output to completely decompress the compressed CSF information to a second decoding output.

Abstract: A method and a device for accessing a Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) network, and a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium are disclosed, the method may include: acquiring a network code for identification; and in response to, a determination that the network code is not found in a V2X resource list, performing an adaptive configuration; and the adaptive configuration is determined based on historical V2X communication configuration information.

Abstract: A terminal (10) configured for communication with a wireless network (100), the terminal comprising: —a transceiver (313) for communicating with the wireless network; —logic (310) configured to control the transceiver to transmit (510), to the wireless network, a power class capability indication identifying communication capability of the terminal in the wireless network under at least a first power class (PC-A) and a second power class (PC-B); control the transceiver to receive (550), from the wireless network, resource configuration to execute wireless communication using an identified one, or both, of said first and second power class; and control the transceiver to operate (555) with the received resource configuration using the first and/or second power class.

Abstract: A base station performs joint channel estimation for a set of physical uplink control channels (PUCCHs), where one or more PUCCHs of the set of PUCCHs comprises a corresponding DMRS from a user equipment (UE). The UE receives an indication to transmit the set of PUCCHs, one or more PUCCHs of the set of PUCCHs comprising a DMRS from the base station. The base station transmits, and the UE receives, spatial filter or power control information elements for each PUCCH of the set of PUCCHs. The UE transmits the PUCCHs comprising corresponding DMRS based on a same spatial filter with a same power control parameters, spatial filter or power control information element for a first PUCCH of the set of PUCCHs indicating the same spatial filter or same power control parameter, the set of PUCCHs having phase continuity.

Abstract: A method for managing application migration includes: inferring dependencies and connectivity among applications executing on a system; generating a target infrastructure node (IN) configuration template based on the inferred dependencies and connectivity; making a determination that a configuration of a target IN does not satisfy the template, in which an application is executing on an IN, in which the application is not executing on the target IN; in response to the determination: obtaining a weight for each inferred parameter in the template, in which the inferred parameters comprises the inferred dependencies and connectivity, in which the weight for each inferred parameter is configured by a user; executing, based on the weights, a model to obtain a deviation score for a second target IN; generating, based on the deviation score, a migration recommendation specifying the second target IN; and initiating a display of the migration recommendation to the user.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a receiver device may receive a management frame addressed to the receiver device; parse the management frame to identify a link identifier included in the management frame; associate the link identifier with link information included in the management frame; and update, based at least in part on the link information, a communication configuration for a link identified by the link identifier. Numerous other aspects are provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a policy control entity in a cellular network, the method comprising: —determining a quality of service parameter for a data packet session in which one trained model from a plurality of trained models is downloaded to a mobile entity, —determining at least one capacity parameter of the mobile entity, —determining a network transmission parameter of the cellular network, —determining said one trained model from the plurality of different trained models based on a dataset which maps different capacity parameters and transmission capabilities to the plurality of trained models, on the determined capacity parameter, and on the network transmission parameter, —determining routing information indicating where said one trained model is accessible for a transmission to the mobile entity, —transmitting the routing information to a session management entity configured to manage the data packet session in the cellular network.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method comprising estimating a time synchronization accuracy associated with a plurality of base stations comprising at least a first base station and a second base station based at least partly on one or more uncertainty factors determined by the terminal device, selecting the second base station from the plurality of base stations by comparing the estimated time synchronization accuracy associated with the plurality of base stations, and synchronizing a clock based on the selected second base station.

Abstract: A method and device are disclosed from the perspective of a remote User Equipment (UE). In one embodiment, the method includes the remote UE establishing a layer-2 link with a relay UE. The method further includes the remote UE establishing a Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection with a network via the relay UE. The method also includes the remote UE initiating or performing a RRC connection re-establishment procedure, wherein the remote UE determines to keep the layer-2 link with the relay UE in the RRC connection re-establishment procedure. In addition, the method includes the remote UE starting a timer T301 in response to keeping the layer-2 link with the relay UE.

Abstract: A method and system for networking a first time-sensitive field bus with a second time-sensitive field bus, the first time-sensitive field bus comprising a first subscriber device and having a first dedicated time domain and the second time-sensitive field bus comprising a second subscriber device and having a second dedicated time domain, the first and the second field buses being connected to each other with the aid of a gateway for data transmission.

Abstract: Provided are a configuration method and apparatus, a receiving method and apparatus, a device, and a storage medium. The configuration method includes: determining a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) set based on a higher-layer configuration parameter; and configuring an MCS of data based on the MCS set; where the higher-layer configuration parameter indicates whether data transmission supports a 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (16QAM) modulation scheme, and the MCS set includes one or more of: a first MCS set and a second MCS set.

Abstract: A wireless device receives a downlink message from a network node. The wireless device descrambles or decrypts the downlink message, or one or more fields of the downlink message, to obtain one or more parameters. The wireless device uses the one or more parameters to perform at least one action from any one or more of the following actions: receiving a mobile-terminated, MT, early data transmission, EDT, during a random access procedure; positively or negatively acknowledging the MT-EDT; and receiving a re-transmission of the MT-EDT.

Abstract: Examples of the present disclosure provide a data processing method and apparatus, a communication device and a storage medium. Being applied to a first Access Point (AP), the data processing method includes: resource allocation information of one or more second Basic Service Sets (BSSs) that use a same frequency band as a first BSS for the first AP is acquired; and a resource is allocated to a station within the first BSS according to the resource allocation information.

Abstract: Various arrangements for implementing a cellular network slice using a template are provided. Some number of client slice parameters can be defined by a client. Based on these parameters, a predefined cellular network slice template can be selected from a library of predefined cellular network slice templates. A new cellular network slice is then defined using the selected predefined cellular network slice. Cellular network access can be granted to the client via the defined cellular network slice and feedback on the performance of the cellular network slice is provided. Based on the client feedback and parameters of the defined cellular network slice, the predefined cellular network slice template in the slice template library is updated.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method and a device in a User Equipment (UE) and a base station for multi-antenna transmission. The UE transmits a first radio signal in a first time interval, and receives a second radio signal in a second time interval; and then monitors a third radio signal in a third time interval. The first radio signal includes first information, and the second radio signal includes second information. Target information is used for receiving the third radio signal. A time-domain position of the second time interval is used for determining whether the target information is the first information or the second information. A time-domain position of the third time interval is associated to a time-domain position of the first time interval. The UE can select a beam direction corresponding to a downlink channel according to its measurement, thereby improving efficiency and performances of downlink transmission.

Abstract: An information transmission method and a network device, the network device including a transceiver, a processor, and a non-transitory storage medium storing a computer program for execution by the processor. The computer program includes instructions to receive a first frame through the receiver, where an extended schedule element of the first frame has a field indicating communication between network devices is supported, and where the extended schedule element further has a source association identifier and a destination association identifier, and control the transceiver to transmit information to a first network device when both the first network device and the network device support communication between network devices, where a value of the source association identifier and a value of the destination association identifier are each 0.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to methods, devices, and systems for wireless communications. In some wireless communications systems, a base station may transmit a multicast message to a group of user equipment (UEs), and the UEs may provide feedback for the multicast message. In some implementations, the base station may configure the UEs to transmit feedback for multicast messages. In some example, the UEs may transmit group-negative acknowledgment (NACK) feedback information for multicast messages that are not successfully received at the UEs. In some other examples, each UE may be configured with UE-specific uplink control channel resources for transmitting hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback for a multicast message. In some implementations, a UE may support feedback for both unicast and multicast messages. The semi-static codebook for unicast, multicast, or both may account for whether the UE is capable of concurrently receiving unicast and multicast messages in a slot.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a transmitter network node may generate a grouping descriptor, for a transport block, that indicates grouping information for a plurality of protocol data units (PDUs) in the transport block. The transmitter network node may transmit the grouping descriptor with the transport block. Numerous other aspects are described.

Abstract: Slave units of a mobile communication system each determine (S907), out of a predefined sliding codebook of Q unique radio frame configurations, a radio frame configuration for communicating with user equipments, and transmit (S907), to a master unit of a cluster which the slave units belong to, a request to use the determined radio frame configuration. The predefined sliding codebook comprises sub-codebooks each grouping together radio frame configurations of the Q unique radio frame configurations, that share the same downlink-to-uplink subframe ratio but with a phase offset of the radio frame configurations.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus and systems for determining a transmission resource for transmitting a wake-up signal in a wireless communication are described. In one embodiment, a method performed by a wireless communication node is disclosed. The method comprises: determining an initial transmission resource for wake-up signal (WUS) transmission; determining an updated transmission resource for WUS transmission based at least on the initial transmission resource and an offset; and transmitting, on the updated transmission resource, a WUS to at least one wireless communication device, wherein the offset is selected from a plurality of predetermined values based on a location of a paging occasion (PO) corresponding to the WUS.

Abstract: Aspects for enhanced logical channel prioritization mapping procedures and restrictions are disclosed. In one aspect, a method of wireless communication includes transmitting, by a network entity, a logical channel prioritization (LCP) restriction configuration for a logical channel indicating a set of Sounding Reference Signal (SRS) configurations associated with the logical channel; determining, by the network entity, data of the logical channel of a particular UE is to be scheduled; transmitting, by the network entity, an uplink grant indicating an uplink grant instance for the particular UE, wherein the uplink grant instance indicates an SRS configuration of the set of SRS configurations; and receiving, by the network entity, a transmission corresponding to the uplink grant instance and including the data of the logical channel. Additional aspects are described.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for mapping schemes for uplink control signals in mobile communication technology are described. An exemplary method for wireless communication includes transmitting, by a wireless device over a control channel, an M-bit payload on N symbols over a plurality of subcarriers, wherein M and N are positive integers, wherein each of the N symbols is represented using a base sequence (u(n, m)) and a cyclic shift (ncs (n, m)) of the base sequence, wherein n=0, 1, . . . (N?1) is a non-negative integer that indexes a symbol in the N symbols, and wherein m=0, 1, . . . (2M?1) is a non-negative integer that indexes a combination set in 2M combination sets.

Abstract: An antenna module and a communication device having the antenna module, and a communication system are provided. The communication system includes a plurality of communication devices, where an antenna module of a first communication device determines a first target radiation azimuth corresponding to location information of a peer communication device among the plurality of communication devices, based on the location information of the peer communication device, and determines a corresponding first antenna radiation azimuth according to the first target radiation azimuth, to point to the peer communication device. The peer communication device determines a second target radiation azimuth corresponding to the location information of the first communication device, based on the location information of the first communication device, and determines a corresponding second antenna radiation azimuth according to the second target radiation azimuth, to point to the first communication device.

Abstract: Technology for an Information Centric Networking gateway (ICN-GW) operable to modify an ICN message received from a user equipment (UE) in a Fifth Generation (5G) cellular network is disclosed. The ICN-GW can decode the ICN message received from the UE via a Next Generation NodeB (gNB) and an ICN point of attachment (ICN-PoA). The ICN-GW can modify the ICN message to produce a modified ICN message. The ICN-GW can encode the modified ICN message to route the modified ICN message to a data network.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatuses for the identification of a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resource. In some aspects, a UE that receives the CSI-RS may determine CSI feedback based at least in part on the CSI-RS after detecting the CSI-RS resource that includes the CSI-RS. Signaling or techniques for when no CSI-RS is detected (such as when the base station fails a channel access operation for all available CSI-RS resources) are also provided. Furthermore, approaches for rate matching for a shared channel around CSI-RS resources or for CSI interference management (CSI-IM) resources are provided, as well as CSI reporting approaches for cases when the UE fails to transmit CSI feedback due to a failed channel access operation, such as a triggered or re-triggered CSI report.

Abstract: Procedures, mechanisms, methods, and techniques are provided that trigger power saving mode (PSM) functionality in the at least one wireless transmit receive units, group of WTRUs or subset of the group of WTRUs. The trigger may be in response to an application layer request to set one or more predetermined PSM settings, wherein the trigger originates from one or more application servers (APs) directed to a core network by way of an interface such as an SCEF that may be included on a device (e.g., a gateway, computing device, and/or the like) and may be configured for enabling the application server to request enabling and disabling PSM functionality.

Abstract: A method for managing a file system includes obtaining, by a compression optimizing manager, a compression algorithm selection request for the file system, determining a set of selection inputs based on a set of file system parameters of the file system, applying a compression selection model to the set of selection inputs to obtain a compression algorithm selection, and initiating a file system compression implementation of the file system using the compression algorithm selection.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A transmitting device may receive one or more service data units (SDUs) at a layer two (L2) layer of the transmitting device. The transmitting device may encode, at the L2 layer, the one or more SDUs according to one or more network coding parameters to obtain at least one encoded protocol data unit (PDU), the one or more network coding parameters comprising a rateless code. The transmitting device may generate, for the at least one encoded PDU, at least one corresponding PDU header. The transmitting device may output the at least one encoded PDU and the at least one corresponding PDU header from the L2 layer to a lower layer of the transmitting device for transmission to one or more receiving devices.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein include methods and apparatuses that enable the UE to transmit message 3 in an NTN network. A gNB can include, a time duration indicating the time at which the UE should transmit message 3. The network can ensure that the UE has adequate time to apply the timing advance, assemble and transmit message 3. The UE can compute time of UL grant application based on a timing advance. The time of application of the UL grant can be determined by the UE and by the gNB according to a specified rule.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a network management entity (ME) in a communications network (CN), the network management entity (ME) being configured to; receive (S10) a request message (REQm), transmitted by a network serving entity (SE), indicating deletion of a bearer connection for a user equipment (UE, 600), transmit (S40) a release message (RELm) towards a network entity (NE), receive (S50) a complete message (COMPm +IDU) transmitted by the network entity (NE), confirming that the user equipment (UE, 600) is released, and comprising information regarding data usage (IDU), and transmit (S60) a response message (RESPm +IDU) towards the network serving entity (SE), acknowledging deletion of the bearer connection of the user equipment (UE, 600), in response to receiving the complete message (COMPm +IDU). The disclosure also relates to methods performed in a network management entity (ME).

Abstract: Systems and methods for provisioning and managing a network are disclosed. One method can comprise determining location information of one or more access points and selecting a routing device based upon the location information. Communication can be established between the one or more access points and the select routing device to define a mobility group comprising the one or more access points.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for transmitting or receiving a signal or a channel. A method for operating a user equipment (UE) to receive the signal or the channel includes receiving a configuration for spatial filters, determining first and second spatial filters from the spatial filters, and determining first and second numbers of repetitions. The spatial filters correspond to spatial relations with reference signals (RSs), respectively. The first and second spatial filters are different. The first and second numbers of repetitions are different. The method further includes transmitting the signal or the channel using the first spatial filter for the first number of repetitions and using the second spatial filter for the second number of repetitions. The second number of repetitions is transmitted after the first number of repetitions.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with different novel concepts for reducing latency in data transmission. These concepts may be exploited by a transceiver configured to perform wireless data communication with a third party device by aggregating time division duplex carriers having different temporal distribution of uplink times and downlink times. These concepts may further be exploited by an apparatus configured to perform data transmission or reception via allocations of transmission resources of aggregated carriers in units of transmission time intervals into which the aggregated carriers are subdivided, wherein the aggregated carriers are temporally subdivided into the transmission time intervals in a temporal grid, respectively, wherein the aggregated carriers' grids are temporally mutually offset.

Abstract: A network system includes a main network implementing a conventional network protocol and a subtree of battery-powered nodes implementing a custom network protocol. The main network and the subtree are managed according to different subtree parameters. When a root node receives a request by a battery-powered node to join the subtree, the root node determines whether to allow the battery-powered node to join based on the subtree parameters for the subtree before sending a response to the battery-powered node.

Abstract: Provided are a method for determining random access and a terminal device, which enable effective transmission of Msg A in a 2-step random access procedure. The method includes: determining, by a terminal device based on a predetermined rule, whether to send an uplink channel on a transmission occasion corresponding to the uplink channel in a first message of a 2-step random access procedure, where the uplink channel includes a physical random access channel PRACH and a physical uplink shared channel PUSCH; not sending the PRACH and not sending the PUSCH by the terminal device in a case that the terminal device determines not to send the PRACH; and not sending the PUSCH by the terminal device and sending or not sending the PRACH by the terminal device in a case that the terminal device determines not to send the PUSCH.

Abstract: An example method of deploying a logical network platform in a virtualized computing system, the virtualized computing system including a host cluster and a virtualization management server connected to a physical network, the host cluster having hosts and a virtualization layer executing on hardware platforms of the hosts is described. The method includes receiving, at the virtualization management server, a declarative specification describing a proposed state of the logical network platform; deploying, by the virtualization management server, a network manager of the logical network platform in response to the proposed state in the declarative specification; and deploying, by the virtualization management server in cooperation with the network manager, binaries to the hosts in the host cluster.

Abstract: A radio communication apparatus is provided, which includes a receiver and a controller. The receiver, in operation, receives a first power headroom (PHR), which is obtained by subtracting a transmit power for a data channel from a maximum transmit power at a mobile station and which is transmitted from the mobile station, and receives a second PHR, which is obtained by subtracting the transmit power for the data channel and a transmit power for a control channel from the maximum transmit power at the mobile station and which is transmitted from the mobile station. The controller, in operation, selectively sets a simultaneous transmission of the data channel and the control channel in different frequency bands to be performed by the mobile station. When the data channel and the control channel are simultaneously transmitted in different frequency bands from the mobile station, the second PHR is obtained and transmitted from the mobile station.

Abstract: The invention seeks to provide a communication system, a data transmitting device, a communication device, and a communication method capable of exchanging a sufficient capacity of data in a simple configuration without reducing the speed of a vehicle. The invention provides a communication system for transmitting data by a data transmitting device provided on a route of a moving body to the moving body having a plurality of vehicles in one formation; each of the plurality of vehicles being provided with a receiving unit that receives data transmitted from the data transmitting device; and the data transmitting device being configured to transmit mutually different data to the receiving units of the plurality of vehicles. The moving body may be a train such as the Shinkansen, or a transport vehicle such as a truck to which a plurality of cargo vehicles are connected.

Abstract: A method of adjusting operating configurations in a networking device to regulate thermal conditions in the networking device to be within a thermal range while optimizing service for the communication activity of networking device. Example implementations include analyzing communication activity of the one or more network interfaces to determine possible operating configurations to service the communication activity. In an example implementation, the possible operating configurations are learned based on the operating configurations and characteristics of the communication activity when the monitored thermal conditions leave and return the thermal range. Further, the one or more network interfaces of the device can be configured based on service levels for portions of the communication activity in order to regulate the thermal conditions.

Abstract: A communication method and system for converging a 5th generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of things (IoT) are provided. The communication method and system may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. A method performed by a terminal in a wireless communication system is provided. The method includes identifying that sidelink channel state information (SL-CSI) reporting is triggered; identifying whether SL resources are allocated for new transmission; performing a logical channel prioritization for the SL resources; and determining whether to trigger a scheduling request for the SL-CSI reporting based on a result of the logical channel prioritization.

Abstract: Provided are an information scheduling method and apparatus, a device and a storage medium. The method includes: receiving PDSCH configuration information from a second communication node, receiving DCI from the second communication node, and determining scheduling information of a PDSCH on at least one carrier according to the PDSCH configuration information and the DCI.

Abstract: A pre-coding method is disclosed of a multi-user, multi-antenna transmitter configured for transmission of respective signals to a plurality of users. The method comprises determining (for each pair of users of the plurality) a spatial correlation value for the pair of users, sorting the plurality of users into a first group and a second group based on the spatial correlation values, generating the respective signals for transmission to the users of the first group by application of linear pre-coding, and generating the respective signals for transmission to the users of the second group by application of non-linear precoding.