Abstract: A method is disclosed for transferring data symbols between a transmitter and a receiver. The method comprises specifying communication symbols through application of a transform to a representation of the data symbols, and conveying a signal indicative of the communication symbols from the transmitter to the receiver. When expressed as a transform matrix, the transform has at least the following properties: that a ratio (between number of zero-valued elements of the transform matrix and number of non-zero-valued elements of the transform matrix) equals or exceeds a sparsity threshold, and that a number of columns of the transform matrix that has a zero-valued element sum equals or exceeds an angle distortion mitigation threshold.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a method for configuring a gateway machine in a datacenter. The method receives a definition of a logical network for implementation in the datacenter. The logical network includes at least one logical switch to which logical network endpoints attach and a logical router for handling data traffic between the logical network endpoints in the datacenter and an external network. The method receives configuration data attaching a third-party service to at least one interface of the logical router via an additional logical switch designated for service attachments. The third-party service is for performing non-forwarding processing on the data traffic between the logical network endpoints and the external network. The method configures the gateway machine in the datacenter to implement the logical router and redirect at least a subset of the data traffic between the logical network endpoints and the external network to the attached third-party service.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure are directed to a high performance connection scheduler for reliable transport protocols in data center networking. The connection scheduler can handle enqueue events, dequeue events, and update events. The connection scheduler can include a connection queue, scheduling queue, and quality of service arbiter to support scheduling a large number of connections at a high rate.

Abstract: Techniques for embedding fabric addressing information within Ethernet media access control (MAC) addresses is disclosed herein and allows a multi-node fabric having potentially millions of nodes to feature Ethernet encapsulation without the necessity of a lookup or map to translate MAC addresses to fabric-routable local identifiers (LIDs). In particular, a locally-administered MAC address may be encoded with fabric addressing information including a LID. Thus a node may exchange Ethernet packets using a multi-node fabric by encapsulating each Ethernet packet with a destination MAC address corresponding to an intended destination. As the destination MAC address may implicitly map to a LID of the multi-node fabric, the node may use an extracted LID value therefrom to address a fabric-routable packet. To this end, a node may introduce a fabric-routable packet encapsulating an Ethernet packet onto a multi-node fabric without necessarily performing a lookup to map a MAC address to a corresponding LID.

Abstract: A path control method of controlling a communication path in a network including a plurality of wireless devices communicating with a terminal in a wireless manner and a plurality of wireless control devices communicating with any one of the plurality of wireless devices through a plurality of signal transfer devices includes searching for available communication paths and listing the available communication paths for individual combinations of a wireless device of the plurality of wireless devices and a wireless control device of the plurality of wireless control devices, and selecting a combination of communication paths in which a maximum value of the number of communications passing through the same output port of a signal transfer device of the plurality of signal transfer devices is minimized from among the listed available communication paths.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a system and a method for facilitating the consistent update of routing tables across the routers of a routing layer in a distributed messaging system. The routers are configured to send together with the outbound message the routing table version used to route the outbound message, which is compared, at the level of the enqueue layer, with the latest deployed routing table version and/or the latest routing table version used to route messages to the requested message queue. If the routing table version of the outbound message is older than the latest deployed routing table version and/or the latest routing table version used to route messages to the requested message queue, then the outbound message is rejected, otherwise, the message is enqueued to the requested message queue.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to perform communicating with a network device in a communication network by another network device, information including characteristics of a 3 GPP system network associated with the another network device; based at least on the information, determining scheduling information for communication by at least one network node in the 3 GPP system network; and sending the scheduling information for the communication in the 3 GPP system network. Further, to perform communicating with a network device in a communication network by another network device information including characteristics of an 3 GPP system network associated with the another network device; and based on the characteristics, communicating with the network device to identify at least one interval of time to achieve a specific deterministic latency for a communication in the 3 GPP system network by at least one network node.

Abstract: Techniques are described for provisioning non-colored segment routing label switched paths (LSPs) via segment routing policies in border gateway protocol (BGP). For example, an ingress router receives a segment routing policy advertisement specifying an endpoint of one or more paths, and a policy color field of the one or more paths, wherein the policy color field is specified with a designated value that causes the network device to store the one or more paths in a data structure that stores non-colored paths. The ingress router determines that the policy color is specified with the designated value. The ingress router, in response to determining that the policy color is specified with the designated value, stores the one or more paths in the data structure that stores non-colored paths.

Abstract: An example SoC includes a plurality of processing systems supporting respective Quality of Service (QoS) rules, channel circuitry that is configured to service communications for the plurality of processing systems and that includes a QoS manager. The QoS manager determines that a first processing system of the plurality of processing systems that operates according to first QoS rules desires to send a communication with a first QoS selection of the first QoS rules to a second processing system that operates according to second QoS rules, determines available communication receipt resources of the second processing system of the plurality of processing systems, the second processing system supporting second QoS rules, determines a communication resources allocation for the second processing system based upon the first QoS rules, the second QoS rules, and the first QoS selection, and directs the second processing system to operate according to the communication resource allocation.

Abstract: A network element includes circuitry and multiple ports. The multiple ports are configured to connect to a communication network. The circuitry is configured to receive via one of the ports a packet that originated from a source node and is destined to a destination node, the packet including a mark that is indicative of a cumulative state derived from at least bandwidth utilization conditions of output ports that were traversed by the packet along a path, from the source node up to the network element, to select a port for forwarding the packet toward the destination node, to update the mark of the packet based at least on a value of the mark in the received packet and on a local bandwidth utilization condition of the selected port, and to transmit the packet having the updated mark to the destination node via the selected port.

Abstract: Technologies for selectively streaming video based on mapping buffer data to download rates. The technologies can include sampling download rates of a video player prior to or during downloading of a first video segment to the video player. The technologies can include determining a range of download rates of the video player based at least on the sampled download rates. The technologies can include determining an amount of accumulated video data in a buffer of the video player immediately prior to or during the downloading of the first video segment. Also, the technologies can include mapping the determined amount of accumulated video data to a download rate within the determined range of download rates using a mapping function, and determining a second video segment quality for a second video segment based at least on the mapped download rate.

Abstract: Implementations of the present disclosure are directed to systems and methods for reducing the size of packet headers by using a single field to encode multiple elements. Instead of including separate fields for each element, one or more encoded fields may be used, each of which is decoded to determine two or more values for the data packet. A receiving device decodes the encoded data field to retrieve the two or more values.

Abstract: Exemplary methods, apparatuses, and systems include a path management hub and proxy server nodes that form a mesh network. The hub receives link performance metrics from each of the nodes. The hub determines optimal paths between first and second nodes for each of a plurality of metric types or a combination of metric types using the received link performance metrics. The hub maps a service identifier to a plurality of the determined optimal paths for a context representing one or more link performance metric types. The hub transmits a next hop for each of the plurality of mapped optimal paths along with the mapping to the first node. The first node receives the service identifier mapped to the next hops and traffic for the first connection. In response to determining the received traffic is for the service, the first node selects a first next hop and forwards the traffic.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method in a network device for transmission of Narrow Band-Internet of Things (NB-IoT) data between a Radio Equipment Control (REC) node and a Radio Equipment (RE) node over Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI). The method comprises: transmitting the NB-IoT data from the REC node to the RE node or from the RE node to the REC node in a Control and Management (C&M) region of a CPRI frame. The NB-IoT data is frequency-domain data.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an optical network system including a plurality of optical switches configured to switch beams of light which are modulated to carry information, a plurality of host computers comprising respective optical network interface controllers (NICs), optical fibers connecting the optical NICs and the optical switches forming an optically-switched communication network, over which optical circuit connections are established between pairs of the optical NICs over ones of the optical fibers via ones of the optical switches, the optically-switched communication network which including the optical NICs and the optical switches.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes one or more aspects for selecting a Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) profile for communicating with an associated CBRS network. Such aspects may include providing a plurality of CBRS profiles associated with respective CBRS network cells, receiving contextual information surrounding current and past network connections of a user device and/or other user devices, selecting one of the CBRS profiles based on the contextual information, and configuring a modem of the user device to communicate with an associated CBRS network.

Abstract: An example SoC includes a plurality of processing systems supporting respective Quality of Service (QoS) rules, channel circuitry that is configured to service communications for the plurality of processing systems and that includes a QoS manager. The QoS manager determines that a first processing system of the plurality of processing systems that operates according to first QoS rules desires to send a communication with a first QoS selection of the first QoS rules to a second processing system that operates according to second QoS rules, determines available communication receipt resources of the second processing system of the plurality of processing systems, the second processing system supporting second QoS rules, determines a communication resources allocation for the second processing system based upon the first QoS rules, the second QoS rules, and the first QoS selection, and directs the second processing system to operate according to the communication resource allocation.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to classifying requests associated with personal data at or before a point of entry to a trusted computing network. The invention provides for determining whether a request associated with personal data requires classification (for example, whether the request is impacted by regulations or other requirements necessitating classification/categorization). The determination may be based on what entity is requesting the data, the origin of the request, whose data is being requested, the type of action associated with the request and/or the data elements associated with the request. In addition, once the request has been determined to require classification the specific classification is determined and assigned to the request. The classification may be determined based on the rules associated with the regulation or other requirement(s) necessitating the classification/categorization.

Abstract: Classification of personal data in incoming or outgoing data files in-line or pre-firewall. The invention determines which data owners and/or data associated with the data owners requires classification (e.g., which individuals/customers and/or data is applicable to internal or external regulations) and, subsequently determines the classifications and identifies the classifications in the data file the data owners and data within the data file so that the data can be routed according to the identified classifications. In specific embodiments machine-learning processing is used to learn, determine and/or predict which data owners and/or data associated with the individual/customers requires classification and the classifications to assign to those data owners and/or data elements.

Abstract: Some embodiments provide a method for forwarding a data message. The method performs a lookup to map a set of header fields of the data message to an identifier corresponding to a service that performs non-forwarding processing on data messages. The method uses a dynamically-updated data structure for the identifier to retrieve instructions for forwarding data messages to the service. The method forwards the data message according to the retrieved instructions from the data structure for the identifier.

Abstract: A monitoring tool to facilitate real-time system performance monitoring, fault detection, fault isolation, and fault remediation verification, wherein the monitoring tool is connected to each of a plurality of gateways within a network, including a request reporter module configured to record results of URL access requests from one or more end users, a processing module configured to calculate a set of metrics based on success and failure rates for each of the URL access requests recorded by the request reporter and distinguish between failures related to the network and failures unrelated to the network, and a consolidator module configured to organize and present the set of metrics into a format useable for monitoring the network.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose an EPON communication method, an ONU, and an OLT. The method includes: generating, by an ONU, a first control frame, where the first control frame includes a first data field, and the first data field includes a bandwidth requirement of the at least one LLID; and sending, by the ONU, the first control frame to an OLT. In addition, the OLT generates a second control frame, where the second control frame includes a second data field, and the second data field includes grant information of the at least one LLID; and the OLT sends the second control frame to the ONU. In the embodiments of the present invention, the first control frame may carry bandwidth requirements of a plurality of LLIDs, so that one first control frame can be used to report bandwidth requirements of a plurality of LLIDs.

Abstract: A transceiver associated with a wireline communication system is disclosed. The transceiver comprises one or more processors configured to associate a quality of service (QoS) grade tag to each data packet of a plurality of data packets to be transmitted and assemble a data transfer unit (DTU) comprising one or more or a part of a data packet of the plurality of data packets, wherein the one or more or the part of the data packet are encapsulated into a plurality of DTU frames within the DTU. The one or more processors is further configured to associate a highest DTU tag to the assembled DTU, wherein the highest DTU tag is indicative of a highest QoS grade associated with the DTU frames of the assembled DTU; and determine a schedule for transmission or retransmission of the assembled DTU, based on the highest DTU tag of the assembled DTU.

Abstract: Exemplary methods, apparatuses, and systems include a path management hub and proxy server nodes that form a mesh network. The hub receives link performance metrics from each of the nodes. The hub determines optimal paths between first and second nodes for each of a plurality of metric types or a combination of metric types using the received link performance metrics. The hub maps a service identifier to a plurality of the determined optimal paths for a context representing one or more link performance metric types. The hub transmits a next hop for each of the plurality of mapped optimal paths along with the mapping to the first node. The first node receives the service identifier mapped to the next hops and traffic for the first connection. In response to determining the received traffic is for the service, the first node selects a first next hop and forwards the traffic.

Abstract: A network node (110) samples data packets of network traffic. For each sampled data packet, the network node (110) compares a packet header of the sampled data packet to a set of one or more packet header patterns. Depending on the comparison, the network node (110) determines a length of a packet header portion to be extracted from the sampled data packet. Then the network node (110) extracts the packet header portion of the determined length from the sampled data packet and generates a datagram comprising the extracted packet header portions of the sampled data packets.

Abstract: Installing on a node of a computer network, an agent of a network system. The installed agent receives a network task via the network. The network task involves a second node of the network. The receiving agent generates a probe implementing the task and targeted to the second node. Either the receiving agent or the generated probe generates a command for the second node. The command is related to the probe and can be in the form of a data link layer protocol data unit for network operations, administration, and maintenance (OAM). The agent or node that generates the command communicates the command to the second node. The second node executes the communicated command. The second node communicates an acknowledgment of the executed command to the first node.

Abstract: A method of determining a plurality of shortest paths in a network from a source node to respective destination nodes comprises: accessing, by one or more processors, for each of the plurality of shortest paths, a path constraint; generating, by the one or more processors, a shortest path tree (SPT) and a candidate list, wherein each candidate of the candidate list comprises a working node, a minimum cost for a path to the working node from the source node, a maximum available bandwidth for the path to the working node from the source node, and a previous hop node; and determining, by the one or more processors, the plurality of shortest paths in the network from the source node to the respective destination nodes based on the SPT, each determined shortest path meeting the path constraint.

Abstract: A network component for classifying at least one IP flow for efficient quality of service realization in a network, where in one embodiment the network component includes a unit for detecting at least one IP flow from at least one IP packet. Upon detection of the at least one IP flow, the unit obtains predefined information from the at least one IP packet to determine a quality of service requirement that is associated with the at least one IP packet. The unit creates at least one other IP flow by multiplexing a plurality of IP packets with the same quality of service requirement into the other IP flow or demultiplexing the plurality of IP packets with different quality of service requirements into other IP flows, each of the other IP flows having a different quality of service requirement.

Abstract: A method of scheduling tasks for a group of applications. Each application is associated with a separate task queue for identifying application tasks that are ready for execution. The method receives a request to place a task in an application task queue. The method places the task in the application task queue based on a set of intra application scheduling policies defined for the application. The method receives a request to identify the next task to execute. The method identifies an application queue from which from which the next task is to be executed. The application queue is identified based on a set of inter application scheduling policies defined for the plurality of applications. The method schedules a task from the identified application queue for execution based on the intra application scheduling policies.

Abstract: An internet packet comprises a header field, the header field including a field identifying a source address of the internet packet, a field identifying the destination address of the internet packet and a next header field identifying whether an extension header follows the header and a type of the extension header. The extension header indicates a hop-by-hop option header, the hop-by-hop extension header including a router alert option header type indicating that the extension field is optional for a router to read, and a field providing information for a gateway support node of a packet radio system network. A gateway support node is thereby provided with information, which may be required for example to support a mobile internet protocol (IP). However, by providing the router alert option field, a router is not required to read the remainder of the hop-by-hop option field.

Abstract: Systems and techniques for processing and/or forwarding packets are described. An ingress switch can use a QoS mapping mechanism to map a first set of Quality of Service (QoS) bits in a packet received from a customer to a second set of QoS bits for use in a Transparent Interconnection of Lots of Links (TRILL) packet which encapsulates the packet. The first set of QoS bits can be different from the second set of QoS bits. The TRILL packet can be processed and/or forwarded in the network based on the second set of QoS bits. At the egress switch, the TRILL packet can be decapsulated and the original packet with the original QoS bits (or QoS bits that are different from the original QoS bits) can be forwarded to the customer's network. In this manner, some embodiments of the present invention can preserve the QoS bits across a TRILL network.

Abstract: When the physical network is transitioned into a virtual network, functionality provided by physical ports are no longer available in the virtual machine (“VM”) environments. Physical to virtual network transport function abstraction may be implemented to provide software applications running in the VM with state information or similar information necessary for the software applications to continue running, without the physical ports that would provide such information in a physical system. In some embodiments, a virtual machine manager might send first information to a virtual infrastructure manager, which might send second information to a virtualized application manager or orchestrator. The virtualized application manager or orchestrator might in turn send third information to a virtualized application running in a virtual machine or container. The first, second, and/or third information might include state information (e.g.

Abstract: Distributive content delivery techniques are applied in a content delivery system. A content delivery overlay is generated as a function of delay times, bandwidth requirements, and throughput of a network. Helpers are added to the content delivery network as a function of delay times, bandwidth requirements, and throughput. Further, content can be transmitted without exchanging buffermaps or waiting for whole packets to be transmitted.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for obtaining an Internet protocol header replacement mapping, which belong to the field of communications technologies. The method includes: obtaining, by a network node, fixed IP header information which is bound to a UE, where the network node is an MME or an eNB or a PGW or an SGW; establishing an IP header replacement mapping according to the fixed IP header information, where the IP header replacement mapping is correspondence between the fixed IP header information and an index or a bearer; and performing data transmission with the UE according to the IP header replacement mapping. In the present invention, the network node establishes the IP header replacement mapping according to the obtained fixed IP header information which is bound to the UE, the method is more flexible.

Abstract: A system and method for dynamically changing the quality of service (QoS) for a subscriber of a cellular radio system. Bandwidth-on-Demand (BoD) enables the subscriber to dynamically switch to higher bandwidth and to enable a higher throughput. This may be for a limited time or amount of data, for example. The initiation may be by the subscriber, carrier, sponsor, or automatically by an application. The QoS increase may be dynamically priced in a kind of auction. The wireless device may contact the policy servers of a multiple network operator (MNO), which in turn contacts the Authentication, Authorization and Accounting (AAA) server in the MNO's core network. The policy server contacts the scheduler on the serving basestation which then determines whether to allocate more resources (i.e. bandwidth in the form of subcarriers, resource blocks, resource elements, timeslots) to the subscriber. The initiation may start a timer or data counter.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer program product for a flashless optical network unit (ONU) in a Passive Optical Network (PON) are provided herein. The method includes the steps of synchronizing on a downstream signal of an optical line terminal (OLT), receiving a first software from the OLT for its operation on a reserved downstream channel of the OLT, and storing the received first software in a volatile memory. The ONU does not pre-store the first software in a non-volatile memory.

Abstract: Exemplary methods receiving a packet of a virtual interface provisioned with a virtual interface QoS, wherein the virtual interface comprises a hierarchy of sub interfaces. The methods include selecting a virtual adjacency from a plurality of virtual adjacencies, wherein each virtual adjacency is associated with the virtual interface or a sub interface of the virtual interface. The methods include using the selected virtual adjacency to select a queue based on a priority of the packet, and store the packet in the selected queue. The methods include performing hierarchical scheduling based on the virtual interface QoS to select the queue from all sets of virtual interface queues of all virtual adjacencies, and sending the packet from the selected queue and a transport link identifier (ID) to a physical network processing unit.

Abstract: Methods and systems of adjusting bandwidth allocation by a network element in a communications network includes monitoring a data flow traversing a target port, determining a bandwidth allocation for the target port, determining a fair-share bandwidth allocation for the target port, and adjusting the bandwidth allocation for the target port based on the fair-share bandwidth allocation. The bandwidth allocation for the target port is a bandwidth that is currently allocated for the data flow. The fair-share bandwidth allocation is a proportional allocation of a total bandwidth of the network element.

Abstract: According to at least one example embodiment, a multi-chip system includes multiple chip devices configured to communicate to each other and share hardware resources. According to at least one example embodiment, a method of processing work item in the multi-chip system comprises designating, by a work source component associated with a chip device, referred to as the source chip device, of the multiple chip devices, a work item to a scheduler for scheduling. The scheduler then assigns the work item to a another chip device, referred to as the destination chip device, of the multiple chip devices for processing, the scheduler is one of one or more schedulers each associated with a corresponding chip device of the multiple chip devices.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a replacement network communications path is determined using dedicated resources of an existing path. One or more network elements in a network determines a new communications path between a first network node and a second network node in the network while an existing communications path is currently configured in the network to carry traffic between the first and second network nodes. The existing communications path includes one or more exclusive physical resources dedicated to the existing communications path. The new communications path includes at least one of said exclusive physical resources dedicated to the existing communications path. One embodiment includes: subsequent to said determining the new communications path, removing the existing communications path from service, and then instantiating the new communications path, with the new communications path including said at least one of said exclusive physical resources.

Abstract: A radio communication apparatus for performing radio communication, including: a first interface conversion unit which extracts a first signal and a second signal multiplexed and input, and corresponding to two different formats, and combines the extracted first and second signal; and a common amplifier which is shared by the first and second signal by amplifying the combined first and second signal, wherein a signal output from the common amplifier is transmitted.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are described for communicating data frames over a wireless data link between an access point and a transceiver in an electronic device. In the described embodiments, a processing subsystem in the electronic device is configured to determine a frame interval based on a codec used to generate data contained in data frames. The transceiver is configured to use the frame interval as a timing reference for transitioning the transceiver between a constant awake mode and a power save mode so that during each of one or more frame intervals, the transceiver: transmits a data frame to the access point that indicates that the power save mode is disabled, enters the constant awake mode, receives one or more frames from the access point, transmits a frame to the access point that indicates that the power save mode is enabled, and enters the power save mode.

Abstract: An internet packet comprises a header field including a field identifying a source address of the internet packet, a field identifying the destination address of the internet packet and a next header field identifying whether an extension header follows the header and a type of the extension header. The extension header indicates a hop-by-hop option header including a router alert option header type indicating that the extension field is optional for a router to read, and a field providing information for a gateway support node of a packet radio system network. A gateway support node is provided with information, which may be required for example to support a mobile internet protocol (IP). By providing the router alert option field, a router is not required to read the remainder of the hop-by-hop option field.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a memory controller includes multiple ports. Each port may be dedicated to a different type of traffic. In an embodiment, quality of service (QoS) parameters may be defined for the traffic types, and different traffic types may have different QoS parameter definitions. The memory controller may be configured to schedule operations received on the different ports based on the QoS parameters. In an embodiment, the memory controller may support upgrade of the QoS parameters when subsequent operations are received that have higher QoS parameters, via sideband request, and/or via aging of operations. In an embodiment, the memory controller is configured to reduce emphasis on QoS parameters and increase emphasis on memory bandwidth optimization as operations flow through the memory controller pipeline.

Abstract: A method of scheduling transmission of data in a wireless communication network comprising: establishing a data channel for transmitting user data from a user equipment to a network entity, establishing a signaling channel for transmitting signaling data from a user equipment to a network entity, transmitting over said signaling channel from the user equipment a first rate request message requesting additional resources from the network for transmission of data at an increased data rate over said data channel, maintaining said signaling channel for a period awaiting a rate grant message, and transmitting a second rate request message over said signaling channel during said period.

Abstract: A method and apparatus may be used for network management via MAC measurements. The measurements may include WTRU uplink traffic loading measurement, and an AP service loading measurement. The measurements may be applicable to at least to layers 1 and 2 as applied to, for example, 802.11k in the context of OFDM and CDMA 2000 systems, but may be applicable to other scenarios as well. A method for determining and transmitting congestion information may be provided for a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) system. The method and apparatus may be used for managing congestion when congestion is detected. The method and apparatus may be used in wireless systems that use a Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) mechanism. The methods may be implemented in wireless transmit/receive units (WTRU)s and access points (AP)s of various forms.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for requesting and allocating bandwidth in a broadband wireless communication system. The method and apparatus includes a combination of techniques that allow a plurality of CPEs to communicate their bandwidth request messages to respective base stations. One technique includes a “polling” method whereby a base station polls CPEs individually or in groups and allocates bandwidth specifically for the purpose of allowing the CPEs to respond with bandwidth requests. The polling of the CPEs by the base station may be in response to a CPE setting a “poll-me bit” or, alternatively, it may be periodic. Another technique comprises “piggybacking” bandwidth requests on bandwidth already allocated to a CPE. Currently active CPEs request bandwidth using unused portions of uplink bandwidth that is already allocated to the CPE. The CPE is responsible for distributing the allocated uplink bandwidth in a manner that accommodates the services provided by the CPE.

Abstract: Device, system, and method of phone call placement. A method of placing a phone call from a mobile phone includes: receiving a user command to initiate a phone call from said mobile phone using a cellular network; diverting said phone call to be carried by a detected network element of a non-cellular wireless network, instead of by said cellular network; wherein the diverting is based on at least one of: a Media Access Control (MAC) address of a detected network element of said non-cellular wireless network, an Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI) of a detected network element of said non-cellular wireless network, or a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) account configuration data of a detected network element of said non-cellular wireless network.

Abstract: A content delivery network (CDN) edge server is provisioned to provide last mile acceleration of content to requesting end users. The CDN edge server fetches, compresses and caches content obtained from a content provider origin server, and serves that content in compressed form in response to receipt of an end user request for that content. It also provides “on-the-fly” compression of otherwise uncompressed content as such content is retrieved from cache and is delivered in response to receipt of an end user request for such content. A preferred compression routine is gzip, as most end user browsers support the capability to decompress files that are received in this format. The compression functionality preferably is enabled on the edge server using customer-specific metadata tags.

Abstract: In a network device such as a network switch having a port coupled to a communications medium dedicated to a single virtual local area network and another port coupled to a communications medium shared among multiple virtual local area networks for transmitting data frames between the dedicated communications medium and the shared communications medium, a method of identifying the virtual network associated with each data frame received by the network switch when transmitting the data frames over the shared communications medium. The method comprises receiving data frames from the dedicated communications medium coupled to one port, and, with respect to each data frame so received, inserting a new type field and a virtual network identifier field. The contents of the new type field indicate the data frame comprises a virtual network identifier field.