Abstract: The present technology relates to a reception apparatus, a reception method, a transmission apparatus, and a transmission method and more particularly to a reception apparatus, a reception method, a transmission apparatus, and a transmission method, by which bearers transmitted by a plurality of transmission systems are selected appropriately. The reception apparatus acquires control information including information for acquiring data transmitted through a session in a first transmission system at a first layer in a protocol stack of an IP (Internet Protocol) transmission system and for identifying a bearer that transmits the data in a second transmission system at a second layer lower than the first layer; and controls an operation of each unit that acquires the data transmitted on the bearer on the basis of the control information. The present technology is applicable to a television receiver corresponding to ATSC3.0, for example.

Abstract: Techniques are described for avoiding traffic loss in a network when a designated router (DR) for a L2 broadcast communication domain loses its route toward a multicast traffic source. The disclosed techniques may be utilized in a scenario where a receiver is multi-homed to a DR network device and a non-DR network device by a L2 broadcast communication domain. Both the DR and the non-DR network devices receive a request from the receiver identifying a multicast group in which the receiver is interested. The non-DR network device monitors traffic injected into the L2 broadcast communication domain by the DR in order to determine whether the DR has lost the route to the source of the multicast group. If the DR has lost the route, the non-DR network device performs a repair by sending the multicast data traffic for the multicast group to the receiver on the L2 broadcast communication domain.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a test apparatus that is connected to an electronic device through a network includes a generator, a transmitter, and a determination unit. The generator generates third data computed from first data shared with the electronic device and predetermined second data. The transmitter transmits the third data to the electronic device. The determination unit determines whether the first data of the electronic device is normal depending on whether the second data is restored correctly from the third data using the first data of the electronic device.

Abstract: The various embodiments described below are directed to providing authenticated and confidential messaging from software executing on a host (e.g. a secure software application or security kernel) to and from I/O devices operating on a USB bus. The embodiments can protect against attacks that are levied by software executing on a host computer. In some embodiments, a secure functional component or module is provided and can use encryption techniques to provide protection against observation and manipulation of USB data. In other embodiments, USB data can be protected through techniques that do not utilized (or are not required to utilize) encryption techniques. In accordance with these embodiments, USB devices can be designated as “secure” and, hence, data sent over the USB to and from such designated devices can be provided into protected memory. Memory indirection techniques can be utilized to ensure that data to and from secure devices is protected.

Abstract: A proximity discovery system enabling a person to quickly and efficiently discover colleagues within their proximity without visual contact. The system comprises a mobile computing device including an antenna and transceiver for exchanging messages with a plurality of other mobile devices nearby the user device, a user detection module for detecting the messages from the other mobile devices, a proximity detector for estimating a distance between the user device and each of the mobile devices, a connection module for sharing biographic and professional information with the plurality of mobile devices based on one of a plurality of connection levels.

Abstract: A system and method for handling critical events in service gateways. Configuration information is received in a service gateway, the configuration information defining a redundancy set having a master redundancy state and a standby redundancy state, the configuration information including one or more redundancy policies associated with the redundancy set, a service redundancy policy defining changes to be made in a service when a transition occurs in the state of the redundancy set. The service gateway receives further configuration information defining events that cause a transition between the master and standby redundancy states in the redundancy set. In response to detecting a redundancy event in the service gateway, the service gateway transitions the redundancy set, within the service gateway, from the master redundancy state to the standby redundancy state, modifies a first signal-route state associated with the redundancy set and modifies the service based on the service redundancy policy.

Abstract: A telecommunication network 30 for telecommunications between telecommunication end point devices 36,37,38, such as telephones or video phones, the telecommunication network 30 comprising a plurality of telecommunication device control systems 40 implemented by a computer system. Each telecommunication device control system 40 is shared by telecommunication end point devices 36,37,38 allocated to it and is configured to control communication connections involving telecommunications originating from telecommunication end point devices 36,37,38 allocated to it and other telecommunication end point devices. At least some functionality of the plurality of telecommunication device control systems 40 is shared by at least some parts of the computer system.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a packet processing method and a device, where the packet processing method includes: receiving, by an aggregation gateway, a first tunnel establishment request message sent by a home gateway, and sending a first tunnel establishment success message to the home gateway; receiving, by the aggregation gateway, a second tunnel establishment request message sent by the home gateway, and sending a second tunnel establishment success message to the home gateway; associating, by the aggregation gateway, a first tunnel with a second tunnel according to an identifier of the home gateway; and sending a downlink packet to the home gateway by using the first tunnel and/or the second tunnel. The embodiments of the present invention may increase bandwidth.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and a device for establishing a channel, capable of reducing data transmission path length when two WEBRTC terminals transmit data based on an IMS network, reducing network delays, and reducing load of a media gateway device. The method includes: receiving, by a WEBRTC signaling gateway device, a session request message transmitted by a WEBRTC terminal serving as a calling terminal, where the session request message comprises an identifier of a called terminal, determining that the called terminal is a WEBRTC terminal according to the access mode in which the called terminal accesses a WEBRTC signaling terminal, and transmitting the session request message to the called terminal via the WEBRTC signaling gateway device accessed by the called terminal, to enable the calling terminal to establish an end-to-end media channel between the calling terminal and the called terminal according to the session response message.

Abstract: Systems and methods for the management of communications related to telecommunications-based devices are provided. Telecommunications-based devices initiate requests to gateway computing devices corresponding to a radio communication network to establish data communications. The gateway computing device accepts the communication request and specifies an ordered preference of one or more communication protocols that will be used telecommunications-based devices accessing the wireless communication network. The telecommunications-based device processes the acceptance and selects a communication protocol from the ordered preference provided by the gateway computing device.

Abstract: The disclosure proposes a routing message delivery method, a relay node using the same method, and a communication network using the same method. According to one of the exemplary embodiments, the proposed routing message delivery method would include at least but not limited to initiating a timer having a first timer value that is a non-zero positive number, forwarding a first routing message via a first path in response to receiving the first routing message before the timer expires, initiating a second routing message via the first path and a second path in response to not receiving the first routing message before the timer expires, constructing a current network topology, evaluating the first path and the second path within the current network topology, and updating the current network topology.

Abstract: While presenting on a display apparatus videos of high picture quality obtained from portable video processing apparatuses such as a camera and a cellular, it is possible to communicate with the Internet and/or a home network. A display apparatus includes a first radio communication unit capable of receiving video information by radio from an external video processing apparatus, a second radio communication unit capable of connecting by radio to a network, and a control unit for controlling assignment of connection by radio transmission for each of the first and second radio communication units. The control unit assigns connection of the first radio communication unit with higher priority and controls the assignment of the transmission rate such that the transmission rate between the first radio communication unit and the external video processing apparatus is more than that between the second radio communication unit and the network.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a system, apparatus, and method for continuously monitoring data output from a wireless sensor on a mesh network at a frequency higher than mesh formation/propagation. For example, the system may include a wireless gateway, an amplifier coupled to the wireless gateway, a first antenna coupled to the amplifier, a second antenna coupled to the amplifier, and a wireless sensor. The wireless sensor may be a wireless temperature sensor configured to monitor the temperature of a cryopreserved material product. The wireless gateway forms the mesh network. The first antenna may be located on a first level of a building, and the second antenna may be located on a second level of the building, where the second level may be at an elevation higher than the first level.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure use vendor defined messages (VDMs) to send high priority information (e.g., cache writebacks) on a designated channel that is separate from a channel used for other commands (e.g., normal memory write commands). By using VDMs and a designated channel to send cache writebacks, the cache writebacks will not be blocked by normal memory write commands. For example, an endpoint device may encode cache writebacks as VDMs to be sent to a root complex. The root complex may store the VDMs in a dedicated VDM buffer and send the VDMs on a dedicated VDM channel.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system comprises a network interface controller to determine context information associated with a data packet. The network interface controller may select a receive descriptor profile from a plurality of receive descriptor profiles based upon a first portion of the context information and build a receive descriptor for the data packet based upon a second portion of the context information and the selected receive descriptor profile.

Abstract: Embodiments include providing network management based on monitoring Quality of Service (QoS) characteristics of Web Real-Time Communications (WebRTC) interactive flows, and related methods, systems, and computer-readable media. In one embodiment, a method for providing network management based on monitoring QoS characteristics of WebRTC interactive flows is provided. The method comprises obtaining, by a QoS acquisition agent of a WebRTC client executing on a computing device, a WebRTC interactive flow QoS characteristic that indicates a quality of a WebRTC interactive flow over a network. The method further comprises communicating, by the QoS acquisition agent, the WebRTC interactive flow QoS characteristic to a QoS monitoring agent external to the WebRTC client. The method additionally comprises initiating, by the QoS monitoring agent, a network management task based on the WebRTC interactive flow QoS characteristic.

Abstract: Systems and methods for automatically locating web-based social network members are provided. According to one embodiment, contact content including an associated GPS identifier and status for web-based social network members located at or near the same location automatically appears on a GPS-enabled device. A further exemplary system includes a GPS-enabled device configured to receive a GPS identifier and a status representing a location and a current state for a web-based social network member, a processing module that associates the received GPS-identifier and the received status, and a communications module that sends the associated GPS-identifier and status to a server comprising a web-based social network database. Contact content in a web-based social network database record in the web-based social network database is updated to include the associated GPS identifier and status for the web-based social network member.

Abstract: A parent PCE controller comprising a memory comprising instructions executable by a processor and a processor coupled to the memory and configured to execute the instructions. Executing the instructions causes the processor to establish a parent-child relationship with at least a first child PCE controller controlling a first domain and a second child PCE controller controlling a second domain, receive a request to create an E2E tunnel from a source to a destination crossing the first domain and the second domain, compute a shortest path from the source to the destination through the first domain and the second domain, transmit a request message to the first child PCE controller for creating a first tunnel segment of the E2E tunnel through the first domain, and transmit a request message to the second child PCE controller for creating a second tunnel segment of the E2E tunnel through the second domain.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present specification provides a method for managing subscriber information to respond to a network failure in a home subscriber server (HSS). The method can comprise the steps of: receiving a packet data network (PDN) failure indication; updating subscriber information related to a PDN on the basis of the PDN failure indication; and transmitting a message that indicates the update of the subscriber information.

Abstract: A system and method for enabling one network to use the functionality of another network is provided. The system comprises a first network system having a first network functionality and a second network system having a second network functionality. A server connected to the second network system passes directions through the first network to enable a component connected to both the first network system and the second network system to perform a second network functionality.

Abstract: Providing ported and disconnected wireless number distinction, comprising: receiving, by at least one processor, an aggregator data file containing at least one of at least one wireless number that has been ported and at least one wireless number that has been disconnected, accessing, by the at least one processor, a number portability database, receiving, by the at least one processor, at least one of text and voice call opted-in data file, determining, by the at least one processor, a conjunction of the aggregator data file and number portability database, the conjunction defining a ported data file, determining, by the at least one processor, a commonality of the at least one of a text and a voice call opted-in data file and the ported data file, the commonality defining a ported opted-in data file, recording, in at least one memory, a status of the commonality of the ported opted-in data file as opted-in wireless numbers, wherein the at least one processor and at least one memory are communicably coupled

Abstract: Systems and methods for wireless communication are described herein. In one aspect, a method may include establishing, by a first base station, a connection to a User Equipment (UE) and identifying a second base station to which the UE can also connect, determining whether dual connectivity of the UE to the base stations is permitted, and selecting, based on the determining, handing over the UE to the second base station or initiating dual connectivity for the UE. In another aspect, a method may include receiving a request for modifying bearers routed via a first gateway node for dual connectivity of a UE to a master base station and a secondary base station, determining that the modification requires bearers to relocate to a second gateway node, and rejecting the request or relocating all bearers associated with the UE to the second gateway node, based on the determining.

Abstract: A multimedia control method, which includes following parts. A first program preview request for a specified program channel is received from a set-top box. Multiple video clips are acquired according to the first program preview request and the multiple video clips are divided into at least a first video clip group and a second video clip group with sequence number. A first multicast channel is set for the first video clip group, and a second multicast channel is set for the second video clip group. The first video clip group is sent to the set-top box using the first multicast channel, and the second video clip group is sent to the set-top box using the second multicast channel.

Abstract: A Wi-Fi virtualized network operator (WVNO) function can be created by offering resources of a wireless access point (AP), for example, a Wi-Fi access point, to one or more third party service providers. In one aspect, the AP can broadcast two or more service set identifiers (SSIDs) that are linked to respective service provider over the same frequencies. End user devices (EUDs) located within the coverage area of the AP can select a SSID corresponding to a preferred network and connect to the preferred network via the access point. A routing device can be employed to direct traffic to/from the EUDs and a device of an appropriate network based on the SSID that has been selected.

Abstract: A switch module and optoelectronic switch incorporating the same. The optoelectronic switch includes an N-dimensional array of switch modules arranged in a topology in which each switch module is a member of N sub-arrays, the sub-arrays defined with reference to the coordinates of the constituent switch modules, and wherein all of the members of each sub-array are connected by an active switch, which in some embodiments may be an optical active switch or an electronic active switch.

Abstract: Bandwidth-efficient archiving of real-time interactive flows is disclosed herein. Related methods, systems, and computer-readable media are also disclosed. In this regard, in one embodiment, a method for archiving a real-time interactive flow is provided. The method comprises receiving, by a computing device, a real-time interactive flow, and forking the real-time interactive flow at the computing device as an archival stream. The method also comprises streaming the archival stream from the computing device to an archival repository at an adjustable streaming rate. The method additionally comprises measuring a change in a performance characteristic of the real-time interactive flow, and modifying the adjustable streaming rate based on the change in the performance characteristic of the real-time interactive flow. In this manner, a real-time interactive flow may be duplicated in a bandwidth-sensitive fashion while capturing a high-quality archive of the real-time interactive flow.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a path checking method, a sink node device, and a communications system. The path checking method includes: a sink node determines whether a check packet sent by an ingress node by using a check multicast tree is received within a predetermined time, where the sink node is a node connected to a receiver, the ingress node is a node connected to a multicast source, and the check multicast tree and a first multicast tree have a same transmission path and different multicast addresses; and if the sink node determines that no check packet sent by the ingress node by using the check multicast tree is received within the predetermined time, the sink node determines a path fault exists in an upstream node of the sink node in the first multicast tree.

Abstract: A plurality of nodes in a first network mitigate data restrictions on access points which are an interface between the first network and a second network. The access points advertise their access parameters to the second network to the nodes. The nodes maintain a list of the advertised access parameters of each access point. The nodes determine whether to transmit data to the second network according to a first transmission mode or a second transmission mode based on the data to be transmitted and the list of access parameters maintained by that node. In the first transmission mode, the node determines to transmit the data to a first access point having a lowest cost with that node. In the second transmission mode, the node determines to transmit the data to a second access point having fewer access restrictions to the second network than the first access point.

Abstract: Network management technology as disclosed herein performs an impact analysis of actual or hypothetical network commands, and presents the impact analysis results to facilitate the user's understanding of the predicted consequences of the actual or hypothetical commands on network operations, management, or security.

Abstract: GTP firewall service to block or allow GTP-C v1 messages from specific SGSN/GGSN and GTP-C v2 messages from specific SGW/PGW to prevent fraudulent activity occurring from any specific serving node or home node. GTP Traffic from specific SGSN (3G) or SGW (4G) can be blocked going to specific home operator, including 3G GSM to 4G LTE and 4G LTE to 3G GSM protocol interoperability provided by GTP Firewall. Individual Information Elements within GTP-C v1 and GTP-C v2 messages will be monitored based on home and serve operator configuration as well as GTP messages and Information Elements mapped from GTP-C v1 to GTP-C v2 for 3G GSM to 4G LTE interoperability and GTP-C v2 to GTP-C v1 for 4G LTE to 3G GSM interoperability.

Abstract: Dynamically by-passing a service function instance on a service chain after the service function instance has processed the first few packets of a traffic flow may improve the overall processing efficiency of the service chain. When using a control plane mechanism, a service function instance communicates a by-pass indication to a control plane entity to prompt the control plane entity to re-route remaining portions of the traffic flow around the service function instance. When using a data plane mechanism, a service function instance includes a by-pass indication in a service chain header (SCH) of a packet in a traffic flow, and forwards the packet to a data plane entity. The by-pass indication will prompt the data plane entity to re-route remaining portions of the traffic flow around the service function instance.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a coupler that includes a tapered collar that surrounds a transmission wire. A coaxial coupler, that surrounds at least a portion of the transmission wire, guides an electromagnetic wave to the tapered collar. The tapered collar couples the electromagnetic wave to propagate along an outer surface of the transmission wire. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Examples of techniques for detecting and tracking virtual containers are disclosed. In one example implementation according to aspects of the present disclosure, a computer-implemented method includes detecting a virtual container. The method further includes collecting virtual container data for the virtual container. The method also includes associating, by a processing device, the virtual container to at least one of a plurality of images. Additionally, the method includes building, by the processing device, a container event database based on the virtual container data and the association of the virtual container to the at least one of the plurality of images, so as to enable tracking of software in the plurality of images and in live virtual containers.

Abstract: A data center network utilizing a single layer architecture includes a plurality of switches each with a plurality of ports including a first set of ports of the plurality of ports including network facing ports and a second set of ports of the plurality of ports including server facing ports; and a plurality of optical reshufflers configured to randomly interconnect the plurality of switches via the network facing ports of each in a single layer, unstructured network based on a plurality of structural constraints. The value of a number of the network facing ports is equal or greater than a number of the server facing ports and wherein each of the plurality of switches is a switch with attached servers. The plurality of optical reshufflers can be spatially partitioned across a layer with each optical reshuffler restricted to internal connectivity.

Abstract: A method, an apparatus, and a computer program product for wireless communication are provided. The apparatus may be a network device. The apparatus receives an evolved multimedia broadcast multicast service (eMBMS) data from a base station via multicast transmission. The apparatus transmits the received eMBMS data to one or more end nodes via unicast transmission. In an aspect, the one or more end nodes are connected to the network device via a local area network (LAN).

Abstract: A method including transmitting from, a node a request for a packet data network (PDN) connection; and indicating by the node that the PDN connection request is for a multipath transmission control protocol (MPTCP) use. A method including receiving a request by a node for a second packet data network (PDN) connection, where the node has a first packet data network (PDN) connection; and accepting the request for the second packet data network (PDN) connection based, at least partially, upon the node indicating that the second PDN connection request is for a multipath transmission control protocol (MPTCP) use. A method including selecting a second gateway for the second packet data network (PDN) connection based, at least partially, upon a determination that the request is for the multipath transmission control protocol (MPTCP) use, where the selecting of the second gateway avoids selection of the first gateway as the second gateway.

Abstract: A method in a mobility management node for handling information in a network. The node is associated with a wireless device being served by a serving network. The node obtains information about that at least one of the serving network and a time zone and a UCI, has been changed for the device, and information about that the change has not been transmitted to a SGW. When at least one of the serving network and the time zone and the UCI, has been changed, and information about the change has not been transmitted to the SGW, the node transmits the information about at least one of the changed serving network and time zone and UCI, to the SGW, enabling the SGW to forward this information to a PGW.

Abstract: This disclosure provides for a Layer 4 switching approach wherein a set of L4 switches are organized into a cluster so as to act as a single (or “big”) Layer 4 switch. Connections between the L4 switches are carried out, e.g., using Layer 2 switches. To this end, an intra-cluster routing entity of the switch maintains mapping information (e.g., in a database, or set of data structures) about connections that have been established by the individual switches within the cluster. In this approach, each host (itself a switch) preferably acts like a group of ports of the larger (big) switch. This obviates having each member host from having to maintain connections to many possible destinations. Rather, the intra-cluster routing entity maintains the information about which hosts (and its ports) are connected to which destinations, and the connections are re-used as necessary, even if connections on one side of the “big” switch ceased being used.

Abstract: A switching device supports a mixed mode of operation using both layer 2 and layer 3 multicast forwarding tables for multicast forwarding of packets. In the mixed mode of operation the switching device programs multicast forwarding entries in a corresponding layer 2 or layer 3 table depending on a type of protocol to be used for multicast forwarding. The switching device programs multicast forwarding entries in the layer 3 table for multicast packets forwarded using layer 3 routing protocols, and in the layer 2 table for multicast packets forwarded using layer 2 protocols. The switching device converts layer 3 multicast information to layer 2 multicast information before programming multicast forwarding entries in the corresponding layer 2 table.

Abstract: The techniques described herein may dynamically adjust the sampling threshold based on a comparison of a flow export rate to a configured flow export rate. Based on the comparison of the flow export rate and the configured flow export rate, the network device may dynamically adjust the sampling threshold, such as increasing, reducing, or not changing the sampling threshold. Moreover, traffic flows are exported based on the adjusted sampling threshold. For example, if a number of bytes of a packet flow is more than or equal to the adjusted sampling threshold, network devices may export the sampled packet flow with the byte count and packet count of the sampled packet flow reported as-is. When a number of bytes of a packet flow is less than the adjusted sampling threshold, the packet flow will be exported with the byte count and packet count adjusted according to a probability.

Abstract: A first device may receive information that identifies a second device. The second device may be connected to the first device or a third device. The second device may be a source of traffic to be received by the first device. The first device may determine whether the second device is local or remote to the first device based on receiving the information. The first device may store first information or second information based on determining whether the second device is local or remote. The first information may identify a route associated with the second device. The second information may identify a single route associated with multiple second devices. The first device may provide the traffic using the first information or the second information after storing the first information or the second information.

Abstract: In general, techniques are described for simplifying admission control signaling between subscriber devices, access nodes, and service edge routers to facilitate subscriber-specific admission control for multicast streams. In one example, a service edge router receives a service request and accesses a subscriber profile to determine whether the requesting subscriber is authorized to receive the service. Upon authorization, the service edge router returns the service request to the access node in a substantially similar form in which the service request was received. The access node receives the service request on a service edge router-facing interface, indicating the service edge router has granted authorization for the subscriber device to receive multicast traffic associated with the multicast group identified within the service request.

Abstract: Systems and approaches are provided for optimizing the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) in a switched network. STP port type for a network infrastructure device can be controlled based on the dynamically discovered neighbor device type of the directly connected peer of the device using the Link Level Discovery Protocol (LLDP). LLDP can provide system capabilities of a link level peer to identify whether the link level peer is a host or a network infrastructure device. In various embodiments, the exchange of system capabilities can the trigger the configuration of an STP port as a network port for ports connected to network infrastructure devices or edge ports for ports directly connected to host devices.

Abstract: A technique is provided for extending a handshake communication between a communication device and an application server. The application server receives at least two messages from the communication device, each message comprising a handshake index and triggering a handshake session so that the application server negotiates with the communication device a set of cryptographic parameters. For each received message, the application server stores a negotiated set of cryptographic parameters in correspondence with a connection state index depending on the handshake index. The application server activates one of the stored sets of cryptographic parameters to establish a secured connection with the communication device.

Abstract: A communication method using a communication system including a first communication apparatus, a second communication apparatus, and a communication management apparatus, the communication method includes acquiring, by the communication management apparatus, communication information used for the first communication apparatus to be coupled to a communication network via the second communication apparatus, from the first communication apparatus or the second communication apparatus, transmitting, by the communication management apparatus, the communication information to the first communication apparatus or the second communication apparatus, and based on the transmitted communication information, establishing communication between the first communication apparatus and the second communication apparatus by the first communication apparatus and the second communication apparatus.

Abstract: Techniques for managing a plurality of mobile communications devices by an enterprise server are described. The mobile communications devices may be configured to communicate on a mobile communications network operated by a mobile network operator. A communicative link is established with a proxy interface configured to implement a standardized interface for exchanging information between the enterprise and the mobile network operator. Data is received by the enterprise server via the proxy interface. The data is associated with subscription services for a plurality of mobile communications devices that are operable on the mobile communications network. The subscription services are associated with the mobile network operator. Requests are sent by the enterprise server via the proxy interface. The requests are for updating the subscription services of the mobile network operator.

Abstract: A first gateway receives, from a source user equipment, an uplink packet addressed to a target user equipment and identifies a pairing between the source user equipment and the target user equipment. The first gateway routes the received uplink packet to the target user equipment on a communication path that bypasses an Internet. A first mobility management entity (MME) receives, from a source user equipment, a first request to pair the source user equipment with a target user equipment and transmits a second request to a gateway to pair the source user equipment with the target user equipment. The first MME transmits messages to the source user equipment and the target user equipment including an identifier of the pairing received from the gateway in response to the second request.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the video surveillance field, and discloses a trunk management method and apparatus for video surveillance systems. In the present invention, the connection priority of a surveillance equipment is the highest priority amon/between priorities of all clients, when multiple clients with different priorities access the same surveillance equipment. The connection priority of the surveillance equipment is set as the priority of a new client, if the new client accesses the surveillance equipment and the priority of the new client is higher than the connection priority of the surveillance equipment; the connection priority of the surveillance equipment is remained unchanged, if the priority of the new client is not higher than the connection priority of the surveillance equipment.

Abstract: A new approach is proposed that contemplates systems and methods to support file synchronization between a local host and a cloud storage via one or more local content appliances (CAs), wherein each content appliance is a storage device/host configured to locally maintain documents and files previously downloaded from the cloud storage. First, a client agent at the local host discovers and connects to the CA that manage its files locally. To access a file/document that is not cached on its local host, the client agent requests and receives the file from the CA instead of downloading it directly from the cloud storage. When parts of the file are updated locally by the client, the client agent is configured to transmit the updated file to the CA, wherein the updated file is considered as having been fully committed from the client's perspective. The CA then synchronizes with and uploads the revised file to the cloud storage and/or other CAs in the background.

Abstract: An authentication server may be adapted to (a) authenticate an authentication peer seeking to establish communications via a first network access node; (b) retrieve user profile information associated with the authentication peer; and/or (c) send the user profile information to a network gateway node that facilitates communication services for the authentication peer. A PMIP network node may be adapted to (a) provide wireless network connectivity to an authentication peer via a first network access node; (b) provide a PMIP key to both ends of a PMIP tunnel between the first network access node and a PMIP network node used to provide communications to the authentication peer; (c) provide the PMIP key to a first authenticator associated the first network access node; (d) receive a request at the PMIP network node from a requesting entity to reroute communications for the authentication peer; and/or (e) verify whether the requesting entity knows the PMIP key.