Abstract: An audio scene encoder for encoding an audio scene, the audio scene having at least two component signals, has: a core encoder for core encoding the at least two component signals, wherein the core encoder is configured to generate a first encoded representation for a first portion of the at least two component signals, and to generate a second encoded representation for a second portion of the at least two component signals, a spatial analyzer for analyzing the audio scene to derive one or more spatial parameters or one or more spatial parameter sets for the second portion; and an output interface for forming the encoded audio scene signal, the encoded audio scene signal having the first encoded representation, the second encoded representation, and the one or more spatial parameters or one or more spatial parameter sets for the second portion.

Abstract: This system includes a data collection device, a data accumulation device, and a data reproduction device. The data collection device includes: a first reception unit that receives first signal data transmitted to a first existing network; a second reception unit that receives second signal data transmitted to a second existing network; a count-up unit that counts up a unique collection number at a fixed time interval; and a data synchronization processing unit that associates, when the first reception unit receives the first signal data, the collection number at the time of the reception with the first signal data and associates, when the second reception unit receives the second signal data, the collection number at the time of the reception with the second signal data, and performs accumulation in the data accumulation device.

Abstract: An anchor assembly for use on a tension member in a post-tensioning concrete application, the anchor assembly may comprise an encapsulated anchor body, the encapsulation defining front and rear encapsulation extensions, a rear nut engaging the rear encapsulation extension, a cap engaging the front encapsulation extension and having a cap extension, a front nut engaging the cap extension, wherein placement of a tension member in the anchor assembly results in definition of front and rear annular spaces, and front and rear seal positioned in the front and rear annular spaces, respectively. The seals may be split seals. A method includes positioning a tension member in the bore, decoupling the cap from the front encapsulation extension, positioning at least one wedge in the frustoconical inner chamber, recoupling the cap, decoupling the front and rear nuts; positioning a seal in each annular space, and recoupling the front and rear nuts.

Abstract: An assembly for use with a post-tensioning tension member may comprise an anchor body; an anchor encapsulation including rear and front encapsulation extensions; a rear nut coupled to the rear encapsulation extension; a cap coupled to the front encapsulation extension and including a cap extension; a cover extending around a portion of the tension member, the cover being tubular and having proximal and remote end portions; a coupler coupled to both the cap extension and the proximal end portion; and a remote nut coupled to the remote end portion. The assembly may further include a rear seal positioned between the rear encapsulation extension and the tension member; a front seal positioned between the cap extension and the tension member; a proximal seal positioned between the proximal end portion and the tension member; and a remote seal positioned between the remote end portion and the tension member.

Abstract: Provided are a device and a method for transmitting and receiving voice data in a wireless communication system. A method for operating a transmission terminal for transmitting a voice signal comprises the steps of: generating sampling and bitrate request information including sampling information for determining a sampling rate of the voice signal and bitrate information for determining a bitrate of the voice signal, and transmitting the generated sampling and bitrate request information to a reception terminal; receiving, from the reception terminal, combined determination information obtained by at least one combination of the sampling rate determined on the basis of the sampling information and the bitrate determined on the basis of the bitrate information; and compressing the voice signal according to the received combined determination information, and transmitting the compressed voice signal to the reception terminal.

Abstract: Systems and processes for operating a digital assistant are provided. In an example process, low-latency operation of a digital assistant is provided. In this example, natural language processing, task flow processing, dialogue flow processing, speech synthesis, or any combination thereof can be at least partially performed while awaiting detection of a speech end-point condition. Upon detection of a speech end-point condition, results obtained from performing the operations can be presented to the user. In another example, robust operation of a digital assistant is provided. In this example, task flow processing by the digital assistant can include selecting a candidate task flow from a plurality of candidate task flows based on determined task flow scores. The task flow scores can be based on speech recognition confidence scores, intent confidence scores, flow parameter scores, or any combination thereof. The selected candidate task flow is executed and corresponding results presented to the user.

Abstract: Provided are a method and device for transmitting information, and a storage medium. The method includes: determining N transmission units for a bundled transmission, wherein N>1; transmitting information over the N transmission units; and each of the transmission units includes more than one transmission block, and the transmission block supports self-decoding. Information transmitted over each of the transmission units is the same.

Abstract: A system has multiple audio-enabled devices that communicate with one another over an open microphone mode of communication. When a user says a trigger word, the nearest device validates the trigger word and opens a communication channel with another device. As the user talks, the device receives the speech and generates an audio signal representation that includes the user speech and may additionally include other background or interfering sound from the environment. The device transmits the audio signal to the other device as part of a conversation, while continually analyzing the audio signal to detect when the user stops talking. This analysis may include watching for a lack of speech in the audio signal for a period of time, or an abrupt change in context of the speech (indicating the speech is from another source), or canceling noise or other interfering sound to isolate whether the user is still speaking.

Abstract: A method of (and concomitant computer software embodied on a non-transitory computer-readable medium for) generating speech comprising receiving a mel-frequency cepstrum employing a set of weighting functions, generating a pseudo-inverse of the set, reconstructing a speech waveform from the cepstrum and the pseudo-inverse, and outputting sound corresponding to the waveform. Also a corresponding method of (and concomitant computer software embodied on a non-transitory computer-readable medium for) encoding speech comprising receiving sounds comprising speech, computing mel-frequency cepstral coefficients from the sounds using a quantization method selected from the group consisting of non-uniform scalar quantization and vector quantization, and generating and storing codewords from the coefficients that permit recreation of the sounds.

Abstract: A particular method includes determining, at a device, a voicing classification of an input signal. The input signal corresponds to an audio signal. The method also includes controlling an amount of an envelope of a representation of the input signal based on the voicing classification. The method further includes modulating a white noise signal based on the controlled amount of the envelope. The method also includes generating a high band excitation signal based on the modulated white noise signal.

Abstract: A post-encoding bitrate reduction system and method for generating one more scaled compressed bitstreams from a single encoded plenary file. The plenary file contains multiple audio object files that were encoded separately using a scalable encoding process having fine-grained scalability. Activity in the data frames of the encoded audio object files at a time period are compared with each other to obtain a data frame activity comparison. Bits from an available bitpool are assigned to all of the data frames based on the data frame activity comparison and corresponding hierarchical metadata. The plenary file is scaled down by truncating bits in the data frames to conform to the bit allocation. In some embodiments frame activity is compared to a silence threshold and the data frame contains silence if the frame activity is less than or equal to the threshold and minimal bits are used to represent the silent frame.

Abstract: System and method for protecting a power converter. The system includes a first comparator configured to receive a first threshold signal and a first signal and to generate a first comparison signal. The first signal is associated with an input current for a power converter. Additionally, the system includes a second comparator configured to receive a second threshold signal and the first signal and to generate a second comparison signal. The second threshold signal is different from the first threshold signal in magnitude. Moreover, the system includes a first detection component configured to receive at least the second comparison signal, detect the second comparison signal only if one or more predetermined conditions are satisfied, and generate a first detection signal based on at least information associated with the detected second comparison signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for disabling a discontinuous transmission node DTX of a speech encoder if a music signal is detected in a call input signal. The music signal is detected by determining an activity factor corresponding to the relation of sound signal periods relative to scheme signal periods. If the activity factor is higher than a specified activity factor, the DTX is disabled.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a communication system includes an analog voice bridge coupling one secure network domain to another. The analog voice bridge includes two codecs that are each coupled to a secure network domain and to each other through an analog voice line. One codec decapsulates an analog voice signal from a digital voice stream received from a terminal, and transmits the analog voice signal to the other codec through the analog voice line. The other codec encapsulate the analog voice signal in another digital voice stream and transmit the encapsulated digital voice stream to another terminal coupled through the other secure network domain. The analog voice line conveys the analog voice signal from the first codec to the second codec while restricting communication of the digital packet stream between the two secure network domains.

Abstract: The definition and use of an additional timer for the MAC-hs reordering function in a user equipment. The timer counts transmission time intervals and is reset each time that the user equipment receives a data packet. If the timer reaches a set value, indicating a sufficiently long period of inactivity, then the transmission sequence number is reset to zero or another predefined value. A base station can run a similar timer and, after the timer reaches a set value, can consider the user equipment as no longer being active.

Abstract: A method of controlling call admission within a system comprising a plurality of media gateways (8, 9) interconnected by a packet switched backbone (5). The method comprises, at least one media gateway (8, 9), monitoring the level of congestion suffered by incoming packets to that gateway from each other media gateway over said backbone. Following receipt of a request for a media gateway (8, 9) to terminate a bearer extending over said backbone (5) from a peer media gateway, making a decision on the admissibility of that request based upon the previously monitored level of congestion suffered by incoming packets from that peer media gateway.

Abstract: A method for coordination of wireless transceivers of a network node, in particular for application in communication nodes of a vehicular network, wherein the network node is equipped with one or more wireless transceivers that are capable of simultaneously generating and/or receiving electromagnetic signals on different electromagnetic channels, the electromagnetic signals being potentially able to interfere with each other, is characterized in the steps of, for each pending packet transmission on a particular of the electromagnetic channels, checking the presence of ongoing and/or scheduled activity on one or more of the other of the electromagnetic channels, and deferring the pending packet transmission in case ongoing and/or scheduled activity is detected on one or more of the other of the electromagnetic channels, at least until the detected ongoing and/or scheduled activity on one or more of the other of the electromagnetic channels is completed. Furthermore, a corresponding network node is disclosed.

Abstract: Described herein are various technologies pertaining to scheduling data transfer between a mobile computing device and a base station in a cellular network. A signal quality value for a signal over which data is to be transferred is computed, and transfer of data is scheduled based upon the signal quality value. If the signal quality value is above a threshold, a wireless radio of the mobile computing device is caused to commence data transfer or continue data transfer. If the signal quality value is below the threshold, and the data need not be immediately transferred, then the wireless radio is caused to transition to an idle state or remain in an idle state.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for filtering a received Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexed (ODFM) signal to reduce noise. The ODFM signal includes a plurality of symbols n in the time direction, each symbol including a plurality of sub-carriers k in the frequency direction, each a-th sub-carrier of each symbol being transmitted as a pilot sub-carrier with known amplitude and phase, and each symbol having its pilot sub-carriers spaced by b sub-carriers relative to the adjacent symbol. An m-tap filter is utilized for producing a filtered version of a selected pilot sub-carrier to be used in subsequent interpolation, by inputting into respective taps of the m-tap filter, m pilot sub-carriers surrounding the selected pilot sub-carrier. The m pilot sub-carriers each satisfy a relationship between n and k, wherein the relationship defines a diagonal line in the n-k plane.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for machine-type communication (MTC) in a wireless communication system. An MTC device receives, from a base station, a notification message which notifies of the reception of an MTC message, and transmits a reception confirmation message indicating whether or not the MTC message is received.

Abstract: The illustrative embodiments described herein provide systems and methods for authenticating a speaker. In one embodiment, a method includes receiving reference speech input including a reference passphrase to form a reference recording, and receiving test speech input including a test passphrase to form a test recording. The method includes determining whether the test passphrase matches the reference passphrase, and determining whether one or more voice features of the speaker of the test passphrase matches one or more voice features of the speaker of the reference passphrase. The method authenticates the speaker of the test speech input in response to determining that the reference passphrase matches the test passphrase and that one or more voice features of the speaker of the test passphrase matches one or more voice features of the speaker of the reference passphrase.

Abstract: A transmitting device for transmitting signals carrying data in a wireless communication system, including at least two beam antennas, each beam antenna having a main beaming direction at a different angle; a generator configured to generate a number of signal streams to be transmitted over a wireless communication channel within the wireless communication system, wherein each of the signal streams includes a different version of the data and the number of signal streams corresponds to the number of the at least two beam antennas, wherein each signal stream is transmitted over the wireless communication channel via a different beam antenna of the at least two beam antennas; and a cyclic delay diversity unit configured to cyclically shift each different version of data and to use cyclic delay diversity.

Abstract: A quarantine device 1 performs processing on a network provided with a VLAN-aware Layer 2 Switch 7. The quarantine device 1 includes a terminal detection unit 11 that, when a single terminal is connected to a specified port of the Layer 2 Switch 7 through a VLAN-unaware hub, detects a connection of a new terminal 4 to the hub, and a switch control unit 12 that, upon detecting the connection of the new terminal 4, configures the specified port as a trunk port and, furthermore, configures a first VLAN, which transfers only Ethernet frames having preset tags attached thereto, and a second VLAN, which transfers only Ethernet frames having no tags attached thereto, on the specified port.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus of managing a communication system, wherein a decision regarding a level of activity at a first end is made based at least in part on the level of activity at the second end. In one embodiment, the energy level of a first-end audio signal is measured. The first end is declared voice-active if the first-end energy level is greater than or equal to a first threshold value. The first end is declared voice-inactive if the first-end energy level is less than the first threshold value. To determine the value of the first threshold value, the energy level of a second-end audio signal is measured. If the second-end energy level is greater than or equal to a second threshold value, the second end is declared voice-active, in which case the first threshold is maintained at a relatively high level. If the second-end energy level is less than the second threshold value, the second end is declared voice-inactive, in which case the first threshold is maintained at a relatively lower level.

Abstract: Systems and methodologies are described that facilitate multiplexing of localized transmissions and distributed transmissions to reduce overhead transmission costs. According to various aspects, systems and/or methods are described that enable selection of an optimal transmission scheme in order to accommodate various traffic services, user abilities and channel properties.

Abstract: A transmitting device for transmitting signals in a wireless communication system, includes at least two beam antennas, each beam antenna having a main beaming direction at a different angle and generating means for generating a number of signal streams to be transmitted within the wireless communication system, whereby the signal to be transmitted is split into these different streams and said number of signal streams corresponds to the number of beam antennas, whereby each signal stream is transmitted via a different beam antenna.

Abstract: System(s), method(s), and device(s) that facilitate managing resources associated with communication devices are presented. A mobile device(s) at cell edge identifies its in-use resource blocks (RBs) to a neighbor base station, or in-use RBs of a neighbor base station to the serving base station. In the former instance, the neighbor base station sorts RBs in ascending order based on signal strengths respectively associated with the RBs and mobile devices; in the latter instance, the serving base station ranks RBs in ascending order based on signal strengths respectively associated with the RBs and neighbor base stations. RBs having weakest signal strength are reused first for mobile devices at cell edge. Base station establishes a direct wireless radio path with another base station facilitated by employing a sequence of subframes where all subframes but a specified subframe are blanked, and data is transmitted between base stations during the specified subframe.

Abstract: Provided are a method of controlling power of an access uplink using a relay station (RS) and a system thereof. When a base station (BS) decides that the subject of power control of the access uplink is itself, the BS generates a message for power control of the access uplink based on channel quality measurement information reported from the RS and transmits the power control message to a subscriber station (SS), and when the BS decides that the subject of power control of the access uplink is the RS, the RS generates a message for power control of the access uplink based on channel quality measurement information and transmits the power control message to the SS. Thus, fast power control of the access uplink can be performed.

Abstract: A device is operable to use received signals to divide time into a succession of frames, each frame having plural consecutive timeslots, and into a succession of four or more superframes. A transmitter is operated only in a single timeslot in one frame. A receiver is operated in the other timeslots in the frame and for all timeslots of immediately preceding and following frames, and in no other frames. This allows devices to predict periods in which to hibernate or carry out intensive tasks. The device determines which timeslots of the first frame are occupied to provide local awareness information, and transmits it as a code on its transmit timeslot along with payload data. This allows other devices in a network to obtain information about their local environment and about the environment of their neighbors. Routing decisions are made on this basis.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for filtering a received Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexed (OFDM) signal to reduce noise. The ODFM signal includes a plurality of symbols n in the time direction, each symbol including a plurality of sub-carriers k in the frequency direction, each a-th sub-carrier of each symbol being transmitted as a pilot sub-carrier with known amplitude and phase, and each symbol having its pilot sub-carriers spaced by b sub-carriers relative to the adjacent symbol. An m-tap filter is utilized for producing a filtered version of a selected pilot sub-carrier to be used in subsequent interpolation, by inputting into respective taps of the m-tap filter, m pilot sub-carriers surrounding the selected pilot sub-carrier. The m pilot sub-carriers each satisfy a relationship between n and k, wherein the relationship defines a diagonal line in the n-k plane.

Abstract: A system controls the transfer of data. The system receives a request to transfer data and determines whether a counter value equals or exceeds a threshold. The counter value represents an amount of time since a previous data transfer. When the counter value equals or exceeds the threshold, the system transmits the data. In another implementation, the system tracks the amount of data read from a buffer. The system reduces the speed at which data is read when the amount of data read from the buffer exceeds a threshold.

Abstract: A wireless communication apparatus includes a main queue to store MAC frames, a plurality of subqueues related to the main queue and used to control retransmission of the MAC frame, each of the subqueues having different priority for transmission of the MAC frame, respectively, an extracting device configured to extract the MAC frame from the main queue on the basis of a destination and the priority, and distribute the extracted MAC frame to one of the plurality of subqueues for each priority, and an aggregating device configured to extract MAC frames from the plurality of subqueues to form a MAC super frame.

Abstract: An integrated circuit (IC) includes at least one baseband processing module, an RF section, and an interface. The baseband processing module converts outbound voice signal into an outbound voice symbol stream; an inbound voice symbol stream into an inbound voice signal; outbound data into an outbound data symbol stream; an inbound data symbol stream into inbound data; outbound wireless network data into an outbound wireless network data symbol stream; and an inbound wireless network data symbol stream into inbound wireless network data.

Abstract: A packet-based, hierarchical communication system, arranged in a spanning tree configuration, is described in which wired and wireless communication networks exhibiting substantially different characteristics are employed in an overall scheme to link portable or mobile computing devices. The network accommodates real time voice transmission both through dedicated, scheduled bandwidth and through a packet-based routing within the confines and constraints of a data network. Conversion and call processing circuitry is also disclosed which enables access devices and personal computers to adapt voice information between analog voice stream and digital voice packet formats as proves necessary. Routing pathways include wireless spanning tree networks, wide area networks, telephone switching networks, internet, etc., in a manner virtually transparent to the user.

Abstract: Systems and methods for redundancy in a network device are disclosed. An exemplary device comprises: a controller residing on a data forwarding element (DFE), the DFE performing data forwarding operations; and a first and a second control processor. Each of the control processors has either an active role or a standby role with respect to the DFE controller. The active-role control processor communicates with the DFE to configure the DFE forwarding operations and receives at least some communications from the DFE controller over a virtual channel. The DFE controller directs traffic on the virtual channel that is destined for the active-role control processor to either the first or the second control processor based on which of the control processors currently has the active role.

Abstract: Provided is a speech signal classification system and method. The speech signal classification system includes a primary recognition unit for determining using characteristics extracted from a speech frame whether the speech frame is a voice sound, a non-voice sound, or background noise and a secondary recognition unit for determining using at least one other speech frame whether a determination-reserved speech frame is an non-voice sound or background noise, if it is determined according to a primary recognition result that an input speech frame is not a voice sound.

Abstract: An integrated circuit includes a baseband processing module, an RF section, and an interface module. The baseband processing module converts an outbound voice signal into an outbound voice symbol stream; converts an inbound voice symbol stream into an inbound voice signal; converts outbound data into an outbound data symbol stream; converts an inbound data symbol stream into inbound data; converts outbound image/video data into an outbound image/video symbol stream; and converts an inbound image/video symbol stream into inbound image/video data.

Abstract: Systems and methods for redundancy in a network device are disclosed. An exemplary network device comprises: a plurality of data forwarding elements (DFEs); and a redundant control plane. The redundant control plane comprises: an active control processor for configuring forwarding operation of each of the DFEs; an active layer-2 switch coupled to the active control processor and to each of the DFEs; a standby control processor; and a standby layer-2 switch coupled to the standby control processor and to each of the DFEs. The active control processor is programmed in a full-mesh so that the active control processor is in communication with each of the DFEs. The standby control processor is programmed in a full-mesh so that the standby control processor is in communication with each of the DFEs.

Abstract: A packet-based, hierarchical communication system, arranged in a spanning tree configuration, is described in which wired and wireless communication networks exhibiting substantially different characteristics are employed in an overall scheme to link portable or mobile computing devices. The network accommodates real time voice transmission both through dedicated, scheduled bandwidth and through a packet-based routing within the confines and constraints of a data network. Conversion and call processing circuitry is also disclosed which enables access devices and personal computers to adapt voice information between analog voice stream and digital voice packet formats as proves necessary. Routing pathways include wireless spanning tree networks, wide area networks, telephone switching networks, internet, etc., in a manner virtually transparent to the user.

Abstract: A method for transferring data over a communication link from a first unit to a second unit, the link comprising a first portion across which the data is carried by the transmission of data packets at regular intervals, and a second portion between the first portion and the first unit over which the data is carried in a form that is not synchronised with the transmission of data packets over the first portion; the method comprising transmitting to the first unit synchronisation information regarding the times at which packets are to be transmitted over the first portion.

Abstract: Techniques for discontinuous transmission (DTX) and fast in-band signaling of configuration changes and protocol messages in speech communications systems provide cost efficiency in terms of radio transmission capacity, in terms of fixed line transmission, and in terms of implementation effort. An exemplary method for performing discontinuous transmission (DTX) in a communications system in which source data is interleaved for transmission from a first component in the system to a second component in the system includes the steps of detecting periods of source data inactivity, and transmitting silence descriptor (SID) frames from the first to the second component during the periods of source data inactivity, certain of the transmitted SID frames being interleaved using a different interleaving algorithm as compared to that used for source data. For example, the source data can be block diagonally interleaved, and certain of the SID frames can be block interleaved.

Abstract: A wavelength access server (WAS) architecture provides aggregation of traffic streams of diverse data communication protocols as well as provision of wavelength resources in an optical transport network. The WAS provides functions such as service traffic adaptation, traffic aggregation and segmentation, traffic classification, optical inter-working and system management. In particular, system management includes aspects such as signaling, connection management, resource co-ordination, protection prioritization and access policy management.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and data structure enabling multiple channel data stream transmission by inserting data to be transmitted into portions of a plurality of transport streams nominally including NULL packets. The inserted packets have associated with them stream identification and sequence code information enabling the reconstruction of the initial data stream using data packets transmitted via a plurality of data channels.

Abstract: A device and method for communication of speech packets over a packet-switched network allows for a greater channel reallocation delay. Initial speech packets may be buffered during a channel reallocation delay and sent through an access medium when a channel is granted. A media access controller may transmit the buffered speech packets through the access medium at a rate exceeding a speech encoding rate. At the receiving user equipment, the initial speech packets are decoded and buffered. Speech signals representative of the initial speech packets may have a shortened time period to compensate at least in part for the channel reallocation delay. Decoded speech packets may be processed using a rate matching process at a rate which initially exceeds the speech encoding rate which may be gradually decreased to approximately the speech encoding rate. The rate matching may include dynamic time warping to substantially preserve attributes of the original speech.

Abstract: Circuitry, embodied in a media subsystem, reproduces a speech or other type of audio signal, and is operable during a time that comfort noise is being generated for storing data from an arriving data packet that contains data representing a beginning of an interval of speech. The circuitry detects that data representing speech has been stored and synchronizes the circuitry to the beginning of the interval of speech by terminating the generation of comfort noise that precedes the interval of speech, and reproduces the speech by decoding the stored data from the data packet and converting the decoded data to an audio speech signal. The arriving data packet contains at least one frame of speech data having a duration of X milliseconds, and the circuitry includes an audio device, such as a DAC or a PCM connection, that requests decoded speech data at a rate given by X/Y milliseconds, where Y is greater than one.

Abstract: A system, method, and computer program product for sharing bandwidth by a plurality of devices in a wireless personal area network or a wireless local area network. A media access control protocol frame includes a beacon signal sent from a coordinator including coordination information to each of the devices of the WPAN, an optional contention access period, and a contention free period that includes an additional shared period that is managed as a slot cycle time division multiple access period, a polling period, or as management period. The coordination information includes a device-unique start time indicator and a transmission duration defining a guaranteed time slot within the contention free period of the frame for each of the networked devices.

Abstract: The present invention provides a network interface adapter for connecting a client computer to a computer network that includes a reduced hardware media access controller (MAC) coupled through a physical interface (PHY) to the network physical link. A significant portion of the MAC functionality is implemented as software within the processor of the host client computer. The hardware portion of the preferred MAC implementation provides memory for buffering communications between the PHY and the client computer. The preferred hardware aspects of a MAC in accordance with the present invention also includes a register interface for register-driven communications between the hardware portion of the MAC and the software portions of the MAC implemented within the client computer. By implementing most of the MAC functionality in software within the host computer, the preferred MAC provides lower cost, lower power consumption, and generally greater flexibility.

Abstract: In a communication system (1400) for communication of data, a method and apparatus provide for detecting a request for opening a connection for a user (1407) for communication of data, selecting an open connection, releasing the selected open connection, and allocating, to the user (1407), communication resources corresponding to resources released based on releasing the selected open connection. In accordance with an embodiment, the selected open connection is in an idle open state.

Abstract: A portable communication apparatus (200) for radio communication of digital audio data (240) representing analog voice signals has an asynchronous interface (250) for exchanging digital non-audio data (242, 244) with an external terminal (300). The apparatus (200) is adapted to exchange asynchronously the digital audio data (240) with the external terminal (300) over the asynchronous interface (250).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for digital subscriber line (xDSL) communications between one or more digital signal processors (DSPs) and analog front ends (AFEs) each coupled to corresponding subscriber line(s). The apparatus transports channels of data between subscribers and the DSP(s). The apparatus includes a bus for the transport of digital data, a DSP AFE interfaces. The DSP interfaces couples the DSP to the bus. The DSP interface accepts downstream channels of digital data from the DSP and transmits packets each associated with a corresponding one of the downstream channels to the bus. Each of the packets identifies a targeted AFEs coupled to a selected one of the subscriber lines. The AFE interfaces each couple an associated one of the AFEs to the bus. Each of the AFE interfaces transmits selected packets to a selected one of the subscriber lines for the transport to the subscriber.