Abstract: Certain aspects of the present disclosure relate to methods and apparatus for optimizing delivery of a transport block (TB) using code rate dependent segmentation.

Abstract: An 802.11-compliant device for high throughput is disclosed. A plurality of TCP packets received in a buffer for transmission are stored. The plurality of TCP packets can be aggregated as A-MSDU sub-frames to form a A-MSDU frame in accordance with an IEEE 802.11 standard. Additionally, a plurality of A-MSDU frames can be aggregated as A-MPDU sub-frames to form a A-MPDU frame. The A-MPDU frame is compliant with a number of allowable sub-frames and a maximum size in accordance with an 802.11 standard. The A-MPDU frame is sent for transmission as an IEEE 802.11 packet.

Abstract: An applicant can instantiate a parsing framework, provide an input stream, attach observers, and initiate parsing, which inverts control to the parsing framework. The parsing framework can have an observer manager, a parser controller, and parsers. The observer manager manages observer design patterns from which the observers are instantiated. The parser controller determines which parser would be appropriate for parsing the input stream and instantiate the appropriate parser(s). The parser controller gets the callbacks from the parsers and communicates outcomes to the observer manager. The observer manager determines which of the observers is to be notified, generates parsing notifications accordingly, and dispatches the parsing notifications directly to the observers. The application can be any application that needs parsing in an electronic information exchange platform.

Abstract: A communication system includes a medium access control circuit and at least one physical layer circuit. The at least one physical layer circuit is coupled to the medium access control circuit. The medium access control circuit sends a control command to the at least one physical layer circuit via a SERDES interface. In response to the control command, the at least one physical layer circuit sends physical layer data to the medium access control circuit via the SERDES interface.

Abstract: In an information processing apparatus 200a, a communication portion 250 acquires a data stream of a photographed image in a wireless communication manner. A packet analyzing portion 252 detects a lost packet and a retransmission request producing portion 254a issues a retransmission request for the packet within a predetermined allowable time. An image analyzing portion 262a analyzes the data associated with the photographed image. An information processing portion 264 and an output data producing portion 266 execute information processing by utilizing an analysis result, and produce output data, respectively. A processing condition adjusting portion 268 adjusts the allowable time of the retransmission request by the retransmission request producing portion 254a based on the analysis result in the image analyzing portion 262a.

Abstract: A method of Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request implementation which efficiently combines received signals from multiple H-ARQ block transmission attempts encoded by the Multi-Level Coding approach with an uncoded subset of information bits, is presented. The method provides full error correction gains of the H-ARQ scheme and decoder computational complexity reduction due to transmission of uncoded bits that does not cause significant demodulator and signal processing complexity growths. The advantages are achieved via calculation of likelihood ratio metrics and the combination of at least two different data block transmission attempts for both encoded and uncoded bits of a data block. Additionally, the calculation of likelihood ratio metrics for uncoded bits is performed in consideration of the results of the decoding of the encoded bits. Receiver decisions are then determined on values of uncoded bits based on values of the combined likelihood ratio metrics for uncoded bits.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a data processing method adapted to access network architecture, and the access network architecture. The data processing method includes: providing a data distribution and reordering module; acquiring, by the data distribution and reordering module, control information, the control information including information about a byte length of the data distributed over an air-interface channel and information about an air-interface link during air-interface cell switch; and distributing, by the data distribution and reordering module, data received from a PDCP layer toward a central RLC layer/a remote RLC layer in accordance with the control information, reordering data from the central RLC layer/remote RLC layer, and transmitting the reordered data to the PDCP layer.

Abstract: A client and a server negotiate a version of a protocol that supports multiplexed connections using a connectionless transport layer protocol, such as a QUIC protocol that is supported for a connection between the client and the server. The connection can support one or more streams. The client embeds a first extension in a cryptographic handshake. The first extension includes a structure that indicates a set of protocols supported by the client at a set of layers. The client and the server then concurrently negotiate a subset of the protocols and a subset of the layers that are supported by the client and the server. Data is tunneled from the subset of the protocols and the subset of the layers over the connection between the client and the server. The data is tunneled using stream frames that include the data, a first field having a value indicating a layer type, and a second field having a value indicating a protocol type.

Abstract: A memory device includes a memory component that stores data and a processor. The processor may receive requests from a requesting component to perform a plurality of data operations, generate a plurality of packets associated with the plurality of data operations, and continuously transmit each of the plurality of packets until each of the plurality of packets are transmitted. Each of the plurality of packets after the first packet of the plurality of packets is transmitted on a subsequent clock cycle immediately after a previous packet is transmitted.

Abstract: A method of transmitting a Physical Layer Convergence Procedure (PLCP) frame in a Very High Throughput (VHT) Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) system includes generating a MAC Protocol Data Unit (MPDU) to be transmitted to a destination station (STA), generating a PLCP Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) by adding a PLCP header, including an L-SIG field containing control information for a legacy STA and a VHT-SIG field containing control information for a VHT STA, to the MPDU, and transmitting the PPDU to the destination STA. A constellation applied to some of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) symbols of the VHT-SIG field is obtained by rotating a constellation applied to an OFDM symbol of the L-SIG field.

Abstract: In the present invention, the transmitting device attaches a sequence number (SN) for each of service data unit (SDU) elements to generate a protocol data unit (PDU) containing the SDU elements. Each of the SDU elements is a SDU or SDU segment. The PDU includes the SDU elements and respective SNs for the SDU elements. The PDU includes an indicator for each of the SDU elements, and the indicator indicating whether a corresponding SDU element is a SDU or SDU segment.

Abstract: High-speed processing of packets to, and from, a virtualization environment can be provided while utilizing hardware-based segmentation offload and other such functionality. A hardware vendor such as a network interface card (NIC) manufacturer can enable the hardware to support open and proprietary stateless tunneling in conjunction with a protocol such as single root I/O virtualization (SR-IOV) in order to implement a virtualized overlay network. The hardware can utilize various rules, for example, that can be used by the NIC to perform certain actions, such as to encapsulate egress packets and decapsulate packets.

Abstract: A network device includes a network interface for establishing a communication session with another network device, a memory to store instructions, and a processor to execute the instructions. The processor may, for each time period during the communication session, adjust a size of a receive buffer of a socket. When the processor adjusts the size, the processor, if a utilization number of the receive buffer is greater than a high threshold: may determine a first new size for the receive buffer, and set a size of the receive buffer to the first new size. If the utilization number is less than a low threshold, the processor may determine a second new size for the receive buffer; and set the size of the receive buffer to the second new size.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and embodiments related to wireless communication in an environment with electromagnetic interference. In some embodiments, during an initial interconnection setup between a transmitting wireless local area network (WLAN) and a receiving WLAN device, and a first frame or packet is wirelessly transmitted or received by the wireless device. An electromagnetic signal from nearby devices that interferes with wireless transmission is detected. Based on the detection of the wireless transmission interference, the wireless communication parameter is changed to increase communication throughput, and a second frame or packet is wirelessly transmitted or received.

Abstract: A feedback Information sending method and a terminal are disclosed. In an embodiment a method includes receiving, by a terminal device within a first transmission time interval (TTI), a transport block (TB) sent by an access network device, wherein the TB comprises at least two code blocks (CBs), and wherein the at least two CBs comprise a first part of the CBs and a second part of the CBs and sending, by the terminal device, first feedback information and second feedback information to the access network device when the terminal device receives the second part of the CBs within a second TTI and does not receive the first part of the CBs, wherein the first feedback information indicates whether the terminal device correctly decodes the first part of the CBs, wherein the second feedback information indicates whether the terminal device correctly decodes the second part of the CBs, and wherein the second TTI is after the first TTI in a time sequence.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image encoding method and an image decoding method. The image encoding method of the present invention comprises: a first dividing step of dividing a current image into a plurality of blocks; and a second dividing step of dividing, into a plurality of sub blocks, a block, which is to be divided and includes a boundary of the current image, among the plurality of blocks, wherein the second dividing step is recursively performed by setting a sub block including the boundary of the current images as the block to be divided, until the sub block including the boundary of the current image does not exist among the sub blocks.

Abstract: A radio terminal according to one embodiment is configured to perform a relay between another radio terminal and a network. The radio terminal comprises: a transmitter configured to notify the network of first information indicating that the radio terminal is a relay terminal of the another radio terminal; a controller configured to forward data addressed to the another radio terminal to the another radio terminal via a connection between the another radio terminal through the radio terminal and the network; and a receiver configured to receive from the network a message indicating that the data addressed to the another radio terminal exists when at least part of the connection is released. The controller is configured to start control for establishing the connection in order to forward the data addressed to the another radio terminal in response to receiving the message.

Abstract: Communication operations are optimally conducted by applying space-division multiple access in which wireless resources on a spatial axis are shared among a plurality of users. By applying an RD protocol to a communication system that conducts space-division multiple access, spatially multiplexed frames in a TXOP are made more efficient. By specifying a frame length for reverse direction frames with reverse direction permission information and having respective transmitters of reverse direction frames make their frame lengths uniform while respecting the specification, AGC operation stabilizes. Also, a transmit start time for reverse direction frames can be specified by reverse direction permission information, and respective transmitters of reverse direction frames can transmit frames at the same time while respecting the specification.

Abstract: Techniques are described herein that illustrate a feedback system to configure various format parameters of physical layer convergence procedure protocol data units (PPDUs) transmitted across a communication link. A receiving device may determine a Doppler shift or a delay spread of a signal received from a transmitting device. The receiving device may determine one or more format parameters for a future PPDU based on the Doppler shift or the delay spread. The receiving device may transmit an indication that includes the format parameters for the future PPDU to the transmitting device. The transmitting device may modify one or more format parameters of a PPDU based on the information in the indication. In some cases, the receiving device may indicate characteristics of mid-ambles, a type of PPDU, a guard interval, high efficiency long training field size for a future PPDU.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. Semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) configurations that enable uplink transmissions during different transmission time intervals (TTIs) may be used. For example, a base station may configure SPS for a set of TTIs, where the configuration may include a periodicity between shortened TTIs (sTTIs) (e.g., two-symbol, three-symbol, seven-symbol TTIs, etc.) that may be used by a user equipment (UE) for uplink transmissions. The base station may signal the SPS configuration to the UE, and the UE may then identify locations of TTIs for use in SPS transmissions. For instance, the UE may identify the location of a set of sTTIs that are designated for SPS and that occur at a certain periodicity indicated by the configuration. Upon identifying the TTI locations, the UE may transmit uplink data during one or more of the identified TTIs in accordance with the periodicity.

Abstract: A processor includes a central processing unit (CPU) and diagnostic monitoring circuitry. The diagnostic monitoring circuitry is coupled to the CPU. The diagnostic monitoring circuitry includes a monitoring and cyclic redundancy check (CRC) computation unit. The monitoring and CRC computation unit is configured to detect execution of a diagnostic program by the CPU, and to compute a plurality of CRC values. Each of CRC values corresponds to processor values retrieved from a given register of the CPU or from a bus coupling the CPU to a memory and peripheral subsystem while the CPU executes the diagnostic program.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a network node (14, 18, 21) and a method of a network node of controlling data delivery to a mobile terminal (11, 12, 13) in case of data rate throttling after having reached a data download cap. The method comprises the steps of acquiring (S101) the data to be delivered to the mobile terminal, receiving (S102) an indication that a data download cap for the mobile terminal has been reached, and buffering (S103) the acquired data. The method further comprises the step of delivering (S104) the buffered data to the mobile terminal in bursts.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein provide a method for providing a compatible backplane operation mechanism for 2.5-gigabit Ethernet. A first input of data including a first sequence-ordered set in compliance with a first interface protocol is received from a medium access control (MAC) layer. The first input of data is encoded into four outputs of encoded data including a second sequence-ordered set in compliance with a second interface protocol. The first sequence-ordered set in a first form of a sequence code followed by three bytes of data is mapped to the second sequence-ordered set in a second form of consecutive units of the sequence code followed by an encoded data byte. The four parallel outputs of encoded data are serialized into a serial output. The serial output to a linking partner is transmitted on a physical layer of an Ethernet link at a speed specified in the second interface protocol.

Abstract: A packet transmission method includes packaging a plurality of data in the form of a payload; storing information on whether the plurality of data are packaged in a header, the payload or a CRC area including a transmission error check code of the plurality of data; combining the header, the payload, and the CRC area with each other to generate a transaction layer packet; and outputting a packet including the transaction layer packet.

Abstract: Method for radio communication with base station, by user equipment (UE), apparatus in UE for radio communication with base station, a method for radio communication with a UE by a base station, and an apparatus in a base station for radio communication with a UE are provided. The method for radio communication with a base station, by a UE, includes identifying whether an uplink resource for data to be transmitted to the base station is available, when a buffer status report to be transmitted to the base station is triggered; transmitting an uplink packet including the buffer status report using the uplink resource, in response to the uplink resource being available; and transmitting a scheduling request to the base station, in response to the uplink resource not being available for a predetermined time duration, wherein the scheduling request is used for requesting an uplink resource for the buffer status report.

Abstract: A first field of a preamble includes a plurality of indications of respective numbers of spatial or space-time streams for respective receivers to enable each receiver among the multiple receivers to determine a respective set of one or more training sequences, in a plurality of training sequences, that corresponds to the receiver. A second field of the preamble includes respective modulation and coding scheme information for the respective receivers. The preamble is generated such that i) the first field is transmitted prior to the plurality of training sequences, and ii) the second field of the preamble is transmitted after the plurality of training sequences are transmitted. A data portion of the multi-user data unit is generated using respective modulation and coding schemes for the respective receivers. The multi-user data unit is transmitted such that data for the respective receivers are transmitted via respective sets of one or more spatial or space-time streams.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods for routing traffic between clients and system memory are disclosed. A computing system includes system memory and one or more clients, each capable of generating memory access requests. The computing system also includes a communication fabric for transferring traffic between the clients and the system memory. The fabric includes master units for interfacing with clients and grouping write requests with a same target together. The fabric also includes slave units for interfacing with memory controllers and for sending a single write response when each write request in a group has been serviced. When the master unit receives the single write response for the group, it sends a respective acknowledgment response for each of the multiple write requests in the group to clients that generated the multiple write requests.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure relate to multicasting content throughout a distribution network. For example, a content server may generate content fragment packets and attribute packets, and transmit the content fragment packets and attribute packets via a multicast transmission to deliver content to one or more user devices. The multicast transmission may conform to a particular protocol suitable for multicasting content fragments.

Abstract: A method of fragmented packet reception in a multiple-channel passive optical network (PON). The method includes receiving, at a receiver, a plurality of encapsulated packet fragments over a plurality of channels. Each packet fragment of the plurality of packet fragments comprises a header. The method also includes assembling the plurality of packet fragments according to arrival times of respective headers of the plurality of packet fragments. The method further includes buffering, by a processor, the plurality of packet fragments in a sequence based on the arrival times of the respective headers.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method of parsing a message comprising a sequence of data fields, the method comprising evaluating program code for processing the parsed message to identify a first set of data fields of the message that are referenced in said program code; identifying the boundaries of the data fields in a schema defining the format of said message; identifying a second set of data fields in said schema related to the first set of data fields by reference, said second set further including the first set; and sequentially parsing the message using the identified data field boundaries, wherein said parsing step comprises skipping data fields in said sequence that precede the first data field belonging to the second set. A computer program product comprising program code for implementing this method and a data processing system adapted to implement this method are also disclosed.

Abstract: Communication operations are optimally conducted by applying space-division multiple access in which wireless resources on a spatial axis are shared among a plurality of users. By applying an RD protocol to a communication system that conducts space-division multiple access, spatially multiplexed frames in a TXOP are made more efficient. By specifying a frame length for reverse direction frames with reverse direction permission information and having respective transmitters of reverse direction frames make their frame lengths uniform while respecting the specification, AGC operation stabilizes. Also, a transmit start time for reverse direction frames can be specified by reverse direction permission information, and respective transmitters of reverse direction frames can transmit frames at the same time while respecting the specification.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and non-transitory computer readable media can receive a request to upload a file from a user. A server of a plurality of servers can be determined to process the request to upload the file. An indication of an amount of the file that has been received by the server prior to the request to upload the file can be provided. At least a portion of the file that has not been received by the server prior to the request to upload the file can be received.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and devices for robustness enhancement in a wireless communication system comprising a plurality of network nodes and a wireless communication device which is configured to be connected to the plurality of network nodes including a first network node. Embodiments disclosed herein describe a first network node, a wireless communication device, a method in the first network node, a method in the wireless communication device, a wireless communication system and a non-transitory machine-readable medium. The method in the first network node comprises the operations of transmitting a data packet to the wireless communication device; generating assistance information indicating to the wireless communication device when to search for the same data packet from at least a second network node of the plurality of network nodes for soft combination; and transmitting the assistance information to the wireless communication device.

Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and embodiments related to wireless communication in an environment with electromagnetic interference. In some embodiments, a wireless communication parameter of a wireless device, such as a wireless local area network (WLAN) device, is set to a first value, and a first frame or packet is wirelessly transmitted or received by the wireless device. An electromagnetic signal that interferes with wireless transmission is detected. Based on the detection of the wireless transmission interference, the wireless communication parameter is set to a second value to increase communication throughput, and a second frame or packet is wirelessly transmitted or received.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for improving the reliability and the reception quality of video data streams over a wireless network controlled by Wi-Fi communication protocols, the video data stream being encoded in the form of packets Q each including K first data blocks and H redundancy blocks for forward error correction (FEC), said stream comprising a series of packets G each including K+N blocks which are transmitted by at least one transmitting device multicasting same to client viewing devices such as smartphones.

Abstract: A transmitting device generates a nominally unguaranteed error-detection code for each sub-data packet of a data packet, and a nominally guaranteed error-detection code for the data packet. The transmitting device transmits to a receiving device the data packet including the sub-data packets thereof, the nominally guaranteed error detection codes for the sub-data packets, and the nominally guaranteed error-detection code for the data packet. For each sub-data packet, the receiving device uses the nominally unguaranteed error-detection code for each sub-data packet to determine whether the sub-data packet is erroneous. In response to determining that no sub-data packet is erroneous, the receiving device uses the nominally guaranteed error-detection code for the data packet to determine whether the data packet is erroneous.

Abstract: The disclosed subject matter includes techniques for wireless communication. In one example, a system includes a processor and a computer-readable memory storage device for storing executable instructions that can be executed by the processor to cause the processor to send a data frame to a client device. The processor can also receive a data-acknowledgment frame from the client device in response to the data frame within a predetermined time after sending the data frame. The processor can also aggregate a response data-acknowledgment frame in response to receiving the data-acknowledgment frame with at least one data frame to form an aggregated frame. The processor can also further send the aggregated frame to the client device and the at least one other client device within the predetermined time after receiving the data-acknowledgement frame.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing power state information using in-band signaling are described. In one embodiment, an integrated circuit (IC) device comprises a controller operable to receive a command from a platform control bus, the command requesting data that is unrelated to information about a power state in which the IC resides; and control logic operable to obtain data for inclusion in a response to the command, wherein the controller is operable to send the response over a bus, the response containing at least a portion of the data responsive to the command and containing power state information for the IC.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure provide various mechanisms for protection of MU transmissions, such as UL MU MIMO and UL OFDMA. The mechanisms may allow for various NAV setting options for UL MU MIMO or UL OFDMA. Aspects of the present invention relate to a processing system configured to generate a first frame configured to trigger multiple transmissions from multiple devices, wherein the first frame has a duration field set to a value corresponding to a duration that covers at least the multiple transmissions, and an interface configured to output the frame for transmission.

Abstract: A transmitting method includes: inputting, per unit time, a plurality of transfer packets less than or equal to a predetermined number; and transmitting, per the unit time, the plurality of transfer packets that have been input, in a state where definitions compliant with a receiving buffer model are satisfied. Each of the plurality of transfer packets includes a variable-length packet header and a variable-length payload. The definitions compliant with the receiving buffer model are predetermined for guaranteeing a buffering operation of a receiving device, and specify converting a first packet into a second packet and outputting the second packet from a buffer of the receiving device at a predetermined extraction rate. The first packet is included in the transfer packets received and includes a variable-length packet header and a variable-length payload. The second packet has a fixed-length packet header that is extended.

Abstract: A mobile communication system includes a control device and a base station device. Data communication between the control device and the base station device is conducted using a fixed-length data size and a variable-length data size. The control device transmits information indicating whether a data size of the data communication has a fixed length or a variable length. The base station device receives the information from the control device.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for acknowledge mode data (AMD) re-segmentation are disclosed. An AMD protocol data unit (PDU) is generated from at least one RLC SDU. The AMD PDU size is within a flexible maximum AMD PDU size. The original AMD PDU is stored in a retransmission buffer, and transmitted. If transmission of the original AMD PDU fails and the original AMD PDU size is larger than an updated maximum AMD PDU size, the original AMD PDU is segmented to segmented AMD PDUs. If transmission of one of the segmented AMD PDUs fails, the original AMD PDU may be re-segmented to smaller size AMD PDUs.

Abstract: A method for a coordinated transmission in a wireless communication system. The method includes processing feedback information from multiple transmit points (TPs) operating in license assisted access (LAA) cells, generating scheduling information for the coordinated transmission by the multiple TPs to a user equipment (UE) in accordance with the feedback information, transmitting the scheduling information to the multiple TPs, and receiving the feedback information from the multiple TPs.

Abstract: A communications device and method of communicating using a communications device is disclosed for performing device-to-device communications. The communications device is configured to divide data for transmission into a plurality of data units, to encode a first of the data units, at the communications device for transmission to a destination communications device in accordance with a hybrid automatic repeat request, HARQ, protocol. The encoding provides redundant data, which can improve an integrity of correctly recovering the first data unit when received by the destination communications device and provide an indication of whether the first data unit has been received correctly.

Abstract: A voice signal processing apparatus includes: an input unit which receives a voice signal of a user; a detecting unit which detects an auxiliary signal; and a signal processing unit which transmits the voice signal to an external terminal in a first operation mode and transmits the voice signal and the auxiliary signal to the external terminal using the same or different protocols in a second operation mode.

Abstract: On a local data storage system, a single buffer of contiguous local memory is allocated to store host data from multiple received host data buffers in a local cache, and local internal data processing operations may be performed on the host data with local data processing resources using the single buffer of contiguous local memory in the local memory to store the host data. On a remote data storage system onto which the host data is replicated, a single buffer of contiguous remote memory is allocated to store host data from multiple transmission units used to convey the host data to the remote data storage system, and remote internal data processing operations may be performed on the host data by one or more remote data processing resources using the single buffer of contiguous remote memory to store the host data from the received transmission units.

Abstract: A method of modulating and demodulating superposed signals for MUST scheme is proposed. A transmitter takes bit sequences intended for multiple receivers under MUST scheme to go through a “bit sequence to constellation points” mapper before entering the modulators to satisfy the Gray coding rule and to achieve high demodulation performance for the receivers. In a first method, each bit sequence is assigned for each constellation point on the constellation map to satisfy one or more conditions under different power split factors. In a second method, the constellation map is divided into sub-regions according to the clustering of the constellation points for bit sequence assignment. A near-UE may use an ML receiver for demodulation and decoding the superposed signal. A far-UE may use an ML receiver or an MMSE receiver for demodulation and decoding the superposed signal.

Abstract: A first flowlet of a flow from a source network device to a destination network device is assigned to a first path of a plurality of paths between the source device and the destination device. The assignment of the first flowlet to the first path is made by a network connected device. A second flowlet is detected in response to an interruption in transmission of the flow due to congestion along the first path, wherein the interruption is longer in duration than a difference in a transmission time between the source network device and the destination network device along each of the plurality of paths. The second flowlet is assigned to a second path of the plurality of paths by the network connected device. According to some example embodiments, the second path is randomly selected from the plurality of paths.

Abstract: Techniques for establishing a screen sharing session are described. Consistent with some embodiments, a web conferencing application executing at a mobile computing device enables a user to specify the identity of a remote computer. The identity of the remote computer is communicated to a web conferencing service, directing the server operating the web conferencing service to establish a remote desktop connection with the remote computer. Once established, the web conferencing service receives from the remote computer a stream of information representing a user interface of the remote computer, and then broadcasts the user interface to all computing devices participating in the web conferencing session, while enabling the mobile computing device to manipulate the user interface of the remote computer.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein provide a method for providing a compatible backplane operation mechanism for 2.5-gigabit Ethernet. A first input of data including a first sequence-ordered set in compliance with a first interface protocol is received from a medium access control (MAC) layer. The first input of data is encoded into four outputs of encoded data including a second sequence-ordered set in compliance with a second interface protocol. The first sequence-ordered set in a first form of a sequence code followed by three bytes of data is mapped to the second sequence-ordered set in a second form of consecutive units of the sequence code followed by an encoded data byte. The four parallel outputs of encoded data are serialized into a serial output. The serial output to a linking partner is transmitted on a physical layer of an Ethernet link at a speed specified in the second interface protocol.