Abstract: A simple block coding arrangement is created with symbols transmitted over a plurality of transmit channels, in connection with coding that comprises only simple arithmetic operations, such as negation and conjugation. The diversity created by the transmitter utilizes space diversity and either time or frequency diversity. Space diversity is effected by redundantly transmitting over a plurality of antennas, time diversity is effected by redundantly transmitting at different times, and frequency diversity is effected by redundantly transmitting at different frequencies: Illustratively, using two transmit antennas and a single receive antenna, one of the disclosed embodiments provides the same diversity gain as the maximal-ratio receiver combining (MRRC) scheme with one transmit antenna and two receive antennas.

Abstract: The present invention provides a technique for scheduling data, and in particular, scheduling real-time or voice data for transmissions during a transmit time interval in a multi-carrier communication environment. For each transmit time interval, channel condition indicia for multiple users is determined, and an iterative scheduling process is then implemented based in part on the channel condition indicia. The iterative scheduling initially pre-assigns select tones for each of the remaining users that have not been permanently assigned tones for the given transmit time interval. Next, the remaining user having the least favorable channel conditions is selected as an active user. The newly selected active user is then permanently assigned the select tones that were initially pre-assigned to that particular user. The permanently assigned tones are removed from consideration, and the process is repeated until all the remaining users are permanently assigned unique tones for scheduling.

Abstract: A method for a user equipment switching an operation channel in a wireless personal area network (WPAN), disclosed in the present invention, comprises the following steps: setting a PAN coordinator and an association for a first frequency band; receiving from the PAN coordinator of the first frequency band information for channel switching to a second frequency band; and setting the PAN coordinator and the association for the second frequency band based on the switching information that is received.

Abstract: A method for establishing radiofrequency links by satellite also making it possible to assure the return link transmission of hyperfrequency radioelectrical signals in an efficient manner in terms of performances, easily adaptable to a pre-existing broadcasting system, using the same forward link and return link frequency band, enabling the use of two independent terrestrial stations for the two channels, and enabling operation of the amplification chain of the transponder of the satellite at saturation or close to saturation.

Abstract: A new sequence initialization for demodulation reference signal (DMRS) sequence design used in the LTE-A system is provided. In some implementations, the modulo-2 addition of nSCID and nNDI, both of which are provided in a downlink control information (DCI) message, is used to dynamically select one of a plurality of parameter candidates and the dynamically selected parameter is then used for determining the initialization state of a DMRS sequence. In some other implementations, the modulo-2 addition of nSCID and nNDI is used for determining the least significant bit of the initialization state of the DMRS sequence.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are provided for transmitting and receiving uplink data in a wireless communication system. The method includes transmitting an uplink grant including resource allocation information and frequency hopping information; determining a resource for the uplink data based on the resource allocation information and a packet transmission number, if the frequency hopping information indicates that a predefined hopping pattern is enabled; and receiving the uplink data mapped on the determined resource. Mirroring is alternatively applied for determining the resource based on the packet transmission number.

Abstract: Downlink power control commands are mapped to resources used for uplink communications within a wireless communication system. A base station receives communications from UEs and determines the resources used by the UEs for those transmissions on the uplink which are transmitted at non-optimum power levels. Power control messages are formulated wherein the location of the power control commands is mapped to particular resources used by the UEs for their uplink transmissions. This facilitates the base station to dynamically assign resources for the power control commands while permitting the UEs to decode the power control messages to adjust their power accordingly.

Abstract: A communication method of a coordinator in a bidirectional event transmission sensor network comprising a sensor node and the coordinator is provided. The method includes sensing, in an uplink section, whether a signal having energy greater than or equal to a predetermined magnitude is received, the signal indicating occurrence of an uplink event detected by the sensor node, and transmitting, to the sensor node in a downlink section, a synchronization packet that is used for receiving the uplink event or for transmitting a downlink event in response to the coordinator detecting the downlink event or sensing the signal having energy greater than or equal to the predetermined magnitude in the uplink section. The bidirectional event transmission sensor network has a structure of a super frame that includes at least one standby slot (SS) including the uplink section and the downlink section.

Abstract: An ultra-low power wireless communication apparatus and an ultra-low power wireless communication method are provided. The ultra-low power wireless communication apparatus includes a sensing unit configured to sense state information of frequency channels in a frequency band. The ultra-low power wireless communication apparatus further includes a channel determining unit configured to divide the frequency band into frequency bands based on an allowable output power, assign a priority to one of the frequency bands that includes an output power that is less than or equal to the allowable output power, and determine a communication channel based on the state information of the frequency channels.

Abstract: A method and system for canonical channel estimation in the Long Term Evolution uplink where a multi-frequency signal is generated and then converted to frequency spectrum which is then convolved in the frequency domain with a truncated window function to obtain a time domain channel impulse response. The time domain channel impulse response can be then transformed to a frequency domain to produce a down sampled user channel response, which can be then linearly interpolated to provide a channel estimate for a plurality of subcarriers. Such an approach achieves channel estimation within Long Term Evolution at only canonical locations to reduce complexity without loss in channel entropy.

Abstract: Device, system, and method of multi-user multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) wireless communication. In some embodiments, a wireless communication device (102) may be capable of receiving a plurality of channel feedback transmissions from a plurality of user devices (104, 106, 108) respectively, wherein a channel feedback transmission from a user device of the user devices includes partial information relating to a MIMO channel matrix between the wireless communication unit and the user device; and transmitting a multi-user MIMO transmission to the plurality of user devices according to a MIMO beamforming scheme, wherein the MIMO beamforming scheme is based on the plurality of channel feedback transmissions.

Abstract: A femto cell access point device (FAPD) selects channel bandwidth and frequency for transmission based on bandwidth of a broadband channel between the femto cell and a core network. A method can include determining a data throughput associated with a broadband channel communicatively coupling the access point device and a network device of a network, and evaluating channel information associated with a plurality of frequency sub-bands. The access point device can be configurable to communicate over the plurality of frequency sub-bands. The method can also include selecting a transmission parameter for a mobile device, wherein the selecting is based on the data throughput, and wherein the transmission parameter comprises information representing a selected set of the plurality of frequency sub-bands. The broadband channel can be a digital subscriber line (DSL) channel in some embodiments.

Abstract: Systems and methodologies are described that facilitate frequency hopping in a single carrier FDMA wireless environment by dynamically altering user offsets with time to obtain interference diversity. A channel tree can be utilized with nodes that are assigned values. User devices can be assigned to such nodes, a path between an assigned node and a root node in the channel tree can be evaluated, and a table lookup can be performed to determine an identity of a subcarrier set to assign to the user device assigned to a given node, as well as a number of subcarriers to be assigned to the user device. Additionally, node values can be dynamically varied during a communication event to alter path values and thus alter subcarrier set assignments.

Abstract: The embodiments of the invention describe a method for antenna selection in a wireless communication network. The network includes a transceiver having a set of antennas. The transceiver is configured to transmit a frequency-hopped sounding reference signal (SRS) over a subband from a subset of antennas at a time. The transceiver transmits the frequency-hopped SRS from subsets of antennas in the set of antennas alternately. In response to the transmitting, the transceiver receives information indicative of an optimal subset of antennas and transmits data from the optimal subset of antennas.

Abstract: In one embodiment, each device in a frequency hopping communication network independently determines its own local unicast listening schedule, and discovers a neighbor unicast listening schedule for each of its neighbors. The devices also synchronize to a common broadcast schedule for the network that simultaneously overlays a configured portion of all unicast listening schedules in the network. Accordingly, the device operate in a receive mode according to their local unicast listening schedule and the common broadcast schedule during the overlaid configured portion, and in a transmit mode according to each neighbor unicast listening schedule and the common broadcast schedule during the overlaid configured portion depending upon a destination of transmitted traffic.

Abstract: A method includes generating multiple copies of a signal that comprises a plurality of time division multiple access frames. The multiple copies of the signal includes a first copy and one or more other copies of the signal. Each of the one or more other copies of the signal having a respective fixed delay and a respective phase relative to the first copy of the signal. The method also includes transmitting the multiple copies of the signal using hopping carrier frequencies. The hopping carrier frequencies associated with a consecutive pair of the plurality of time division multiple access frames are separated by an odd multiple of a separation value representing a frequency separation between two adjacent carrier signals. The respective fixed delay is proportional to the separation value for each of the one or more other copies of the signal.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a device in a frequency hopping communication network operate in a first mode according to a common broadcast schedule for the network that simultaneously overlays a first configured portion of all independently determined unicast listening schedules in the network. In response to determining a power outage condition, the device switches to operation in a power outage mode where the common broadcast schedule for the network in the power outage mode simultaneously overlays a second configured portion of all independently determined unicast listening schedules in the network, the second configured portion greater than the first configured portion. In one embodiment, the device broadcasts one or more power outage notifications (PONs) in response to determining the power outage condition as a reduction of a main power supply at the device. In another embodiment, the device receives a PON while powered as the power outage condition.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for determining, e.g., selecting, communications resources, e.g., tones, to use in a communications system are described. The methods are well suited for use in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems. Devices seeking to transmit information select tones in pairs for use in transmitting the information. Each tone pair includes a tone and the corresponding image tone. By restricting a communications device to select communications frequencies in pairs, the problem of interference and reduced dynamic range at a receiver due to IQ imbalance is reduced, as compared to the case where devices may use a tone independent of the corresponding image tone for transmission purposes, since the path loss from the transmitter to the receiver is likely to be the same for both tones and the transmission power level is controlled by an individual device using both of the tones.

Abstract: A communications node operable to communicate with another communications node over a communications channel having a plurality of frequency resources, the communications node includes data defining a division of the communications channel into a plurality of contiguous sub-bands each having N frequency resources, wherein each frequency resource in a sub-band has a corresponding frequency resource in each of the other sub-bands, data defining an initial allocation of the frequency resources, a resource determination module operable to apply a frequency shift to the initially allocated frequency resources in accordance with a frequency hopping sequence to determine frequency resources to use for communicating information with the other communications node, wherein the frequency shift applied moves the initially allocated frequency resources to corresponding frequency resources in another sub-band, a transceiver for communicating information with the other communications node using the determined frequency reso

Abstract: A sounding reference signal transmission method which is efficient in an uplink wireless telecommunications system using a multiple antenna technique and sounding reference signal hopping. A terminal using the multiple antenna technique is equipped with a plurality of antennas, and a base station receives the sounding reference signal transmitted from these antennas and estimates the uplink channel state of each antenna. Moreover, the sounding reference signal performs frequency hopping so that the base station determines the channel condition for the entire bandwidth to which data is transmitted in the uplink system. The sounding reference signal is transmitted through an antenna pattern in which the sounding reference signal can be transmitted through the entire data transmission bandwidth of the uplink system for each antenna of the terminal without additional overhead in this environment.

Abstract: Systems and methods of interference-triggered frequency hopping in a wireless communication system. A master is provided in the wireless communication system in wireless communication with slave nodes each configured to use different preselected communication frequencies to permit frequency hopping. A current channel is selected from among multiple channels in the wireless communication system in which the master and at least some of the slave nodes send and receive wireless communications. Each of the channels uses different ones of the preselected communication frequencies. In the current channel, interference with communications between the master and a selected one of the slave nodes that use the current channel is detected. A new channel is selected only in response to detecting the interference. The system switches from the current channel to the new channel such that communications between the master and the selected slave node use the new channel.

Abstract: A system and method for generating a low probability of detection (LPD) waveform is presented. The method modulates pre-modulated symbols using pulse-position modulation (PPM) to produce PPM modulated signals with a modulated in-phase (I) component and a modulated quadrature (Q) component. Next, frequency hopping is used to transmit the modulated I component at a randomized start time within a time slot and to transmit the modulated Q component at the randomized start time within the same slot. The modulated Q component does not overlap with the modulated I component. The method can also overlay transmission security (TRANSEC) pseudorandom (PN) overlay on the modulated Q component and the modulated I component before the modulated Q component and the modulated I component are transmitted.

Abstract: A communications node includes data defining a division of a communications channel into a plurality of contiguous sub-bands each having N frequency resources, data defining an initial allocation of the frequency resources, a resource determination module operable to apply a frequency shift to the initially allocated frequency resources in accordance with a frequency hopping sequence to determine frequency resources to use for communicating information according to the following: y={x+a(t)N} mod NRB where NRB is the total number of frequency resources in the transmission band; N is the number of contiguous frequency resources in each sub-band; x is the initially allocated frequency resource; y is the frequency hopped resource; t is a time counter; a(t) is the frequency hopping shift applied at time point t, and is an integer value from the set {0, 1, . . . , S?1}; and S is the number of sub-bands; and a transceiver.

Abstract: An improved barrier door one way wireless communication system for operating a barrier, such as a garage door, includes the transmission and reception of multibit code hopping data packets in combination with automatic RF channel switching. Packet data is transmitted automatically on more than one RF channels in a switching style while sending two or more redundant multibit code hopping data packets on each of the RF channels. The system also provides for the learning of a transmitter to a receiver where two or more code hopping data packets must be received and decoded by the receiver on all RF channels before a transmitter can be learned to a receiver. Once the transmitter is learned, actuation of the transmitter during a learn mode can open a window for learning of a single channel transmitter.

Abstract: A frequency hopping method for a radio device in which the signal to be transmitted is modulated onto an HF carrier and at least two of the following signal properties are varied in a pseudo-random manner during the transmission after one or more frequency hops: bandwidth, modulation type, and transmission duration of a frequency hop.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a battery-operated communication device “quick-samples” a frequency hopping sequence at a periodic rate corresponding to a substantially low duty cycle, and is discovered by (e.g., attached to) a main-powered communication device. During a scheduled sample, the main-powered communication device transmits a control packet to be received by the battery-operated communication device, the control packet containing timing information and transmitted to account for worst-case clock drift error between the two devices. The battery-operated communication device responds to the control packet with a link-layer acknowledgment containing timing information from the battery-operated communication device. Accordingly, the two devices may re-synchronize their timing based on the timing information in the control packet and acknowledgment, respectively.

Abstract: A composite wireless device including a WLAN device and a BT device. The composite wireless device includes a wireless-channel control unit that determines usable FH channels that can be used for frequency hopping of the BT device, based on communication quality information of the WLAN channel, and notifies the BT device of the usable frequency bands, and a BT-communication control unit that acquires communication quality information of an extended frequency band, which is a frequency band other than the usable frequency bands, as extended communication quality information. The wireless-channel control unit adds the FH channels in the WLAN channel, which are determined as being unused based on the extended communication quality information, as the usable FH channels.

Abstract: Provided is a wireless communication technique capable of supporting communication using a single component carrier, and communication using a plurality of component carriers. The communication using the plurality of carriers comprises a processing means for performing the signal processing in accordance with each of the carriers with respect to the common signal sequence used by the plurality of carriers. The present invention makes it possible to cope with the communication employing a single component carrier and the wireless communication employing a plurality of the component carriers. Further, PAPR of the reference signals can be made small because there is no possibility that the identical CAZAC sequence is used among the component carriers when a plurality of the component carriers are employed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a machine tool monitoring device. It is proposed that the machine tool monitoring device comprises at least one signal unit for an ultra wide band operation.

Abstract: A method is provided for transmitting data between a plurality of radio stations of one same network, each station having a transmitter and a receiver. The method includes a first transmission mode in which the network operates with frequency hopping in a first frequency plan, the frequency used for data transmission being maintained for a FH dwell time, and changing from one FH dwell time to another as per a law of frequency change; a second transmission mode in a second frequency plan in which a transmitter station (A) transmits data on a fixed frequency to a receiver station (B), the second mode comprising a step (120) to determine the fixed frequency, the determination step comprising the transmission of a test word on each frequency of the second plan for a respective test dwell time. The duration of the test dwell time is equal to the duration of the FH dwell time multiplied by an integer factor of value between 1 and 6.

Abstract: A frequency allocation method and apparatus using a mirroring-assisted frequency hopping pattern is provided for retransmission in a wireless communication system operating in a frequency hopping mode. A frequency mapping method for a wireless communication system operating in a frequency hopping mode includes determining whether or not mirroring is used in accordance with a number of packet transmissions; mapping a frequency resource for a packet transmission based on a result of the determination; and receiving a packet using the mapped frequency resource.

Abstract: A method for generating/transmitting a transmission-unit symbol sequence is disclosed. In the case of transmission information, the information is modulated in time and frequency domains on the basis of a predetermined transmission unit (e.g., a transmission time interval TTI or slot), simultaneous transmission of the information is made, and then a transmission unit symbol is generated/transmitted. A transmission sequence is masked in each symbol contained in one transmission unit. Symbol-unit circular shift (cyclic shift) is applied to the masked result, so that transmission efficiency increases. A control signal transmission method for supporting a variety of formats and a signal transmission method based on a prime-length sequence are also provided.

Abstract: A wireless communications method is provided. The method includes employing a processor executing computer executable instructions stored on a computer readable storage medium to implement various acts. The method also includes generating cyclic shifts for a sequence generator by masking shift register output values with one or more vectors. The method includes forwarding the sequence generator to a future state based in part on the output values and the vectors.

Abstract: A wireless communication system. The system comprises transmitter circuitry (BST1), the transmitter circuitry comprising encoder circuitry (50) for transmitting a plurality of frames (FR). Each of the plurality of frames comprises a primary synchronization code (PCS) and a second synchronization code (SSC). The encoder circuitry comprises of circuitry (501) for providing the primary synchronization code in response to a first sequence (32). The encoder circuitry further comprises circuitry (502) for providing the secondary synchronization code in response to a second sequence (54) and a third sequence (56). The second sequence is selected from a plurality of sequences. Each of the plurality of sequences is orthogonal with respect to all other sequences. The third sequence is a subset of bits from the first sequence.

Abstract: The embodiments of the invention provide a method for selecting antennas for date transmission in a wireless communication network including user equipment (UE). The network is assigned a band of frequencies, wherein the band is partitioned into at least one set of subbands of the band according to a sounding reference signal (SRS) bandwidth configuration in a form of a codetree having a plurality levels and each level is associated with a partition coefficient. The UE is configured to transmit frequency-hopped SRS on the set of subbands using subsets of the set of antennas. First, the method determines if a number of subbands in the set of the subbands is odd or even based on the SRS bandwidth configuration, and selects a particular subset of the antennas according to whether the number is odd or even. Then, the SRS is transmitted from the particular subset of the antennas.

Abstract: There is provided a dual communications network base station apparatus including: a first UTRA network transmitting and receiving first data including pairs information via a previously set first communications band; a second UTRA network transmitting and receiving second data including the pairs information via a second communications band different from the first communications band; a core network combining the first data and the second data by using the pairs information during wireless reception, dividing the first data and the second data including the pairs information according to a previously set division rate during wireless transmission, and providing the corresponding UTRA network with the divided first data and second data; and a server communicating data including the first and second data with the core network.

Abstract: A wireless spread-spectrum communication system for transmitting data includes a plurality of end point transmitters and at least one receiver. The end point transmitters transmit data via a frequency-hopped spread-spectrum signal where the transmitting signal is sent without the benefit of frequency stabilization. The receiver is responsive to the frequency-hopping spread-spectrum signals and includes a correlator and a signal processor. The correlator samples at least a first portion of a preamble of the signal and correlates the portion of the preamble with a known preamble pattern to determine a probability of correlation. The signal processor applies a Fast Fourier Transform algorithm to the signal in response to the probability of correlation to track a narrowband frequency of the signal based on at least a second portion of the preamble and to decode data encoded within the signal subsequent to the preamble.

Abstract: Embodiments herein relate to a method in a radio base station for transmitting information of an allocation of a radio resource allocated to a second user equipment. The radio base station is arranged to serve a first user equipment and the second user equipment in a cell of a radio communications network. The radio resource in the cell comprises Physical Resource Blocks that are organized in radio frames comprising subframes. The radio base station allocates a radio resource to the second user equipment in a subframe of the cell based on a frequency hopping scheme of the first user equipment. Also, the radio base station transmits a message to the second user equipment, which message indicates the allocated radio resource.

Abstract: Disclosed are a wireless communication apparatus and frequency hopping method which minimize the change in the instantaneous power distribution characteristics of the time waveform of transmission signals when a plurality of channels are multiplexed by frequency division. At a terminal (200), a mapping unit (212) maps the PUCCH to frequency resources of a first slot, maps the PUSCH to frequency resources, among the frequency resources of the first slot, separated exactly by predetermined frequency spacing (B) from the frequency resources to which the PUCCH is mapped, and cyclically shifts the frequencies so as to map the PUCCH and PUSCH to frequency resources, within an IDFT or IFFT bandwidth, of a second slot while maintaining the predetermined frequency spacing (B), thereby allowing frequency hopping of the PUCCH and PUSCH between the first slot and the second slot.

Abstract: A method of generating spurious-noise-free power from a switching device. The method includes generating an oscillating signal in the form of a series of pulse trains, and randomly changing the switching frequency, or the on-time, or both the switching frequency and the on-time of the switching device. The method further includes causing the switching device to change from a first frequency to a second frequency only at the end of a pulse train of the first frequency, and causing the second frequency to start at the beginning of its first pulse train such that no switching duty-cycle disturbance at the time of the change from first to second frequency. In a particular embodiment, the method further generates spurious-noise-free power from a switching device by implementing a relationship between the different switching frequencies involved such that spurious-noise-free operation is achieved.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses and methods for identifying frequencies for use in communicating data. Frequency hopping sequences are used in the communication of data without the need to store or exchange the sequences themselves. A seed value is obtained, and the frequency hopping sequence is calculated using the seed each time data is to be communicated using that frequency hopping sequence. The data is communicated via one or more frequencies in the calculated frequency hopping sequence.

Abstract: A communications node operable to communicate with another communications node over a communications channel having a plurality of frequency resources, the communications node includes data defining a division of the communications channel into S contiguous sub-bands each having N frequency resources, data defining an initial allocation of the frequency resources, a resource determination module operable to apply a frequency shift to the initially allocated frequency resources in accordance with a frequency hopping sequence to determine frequency resources to use for communicating information with the other communications node, the frequency shift corresponding to an integer multiple of the number N frequency resources in each sub-band, the integer multiple being an integer from the range zero to S, and a transceiver for communicating information with the other communications node using the determined frequency resource.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for allocating communication resources in a multi-user cellular communication system, wherein communication resources are divided in time periods and frequency sub-bands, wherein part of the communication resources are used for frequency-localized communication channels, and part of the communication resources are used for frequency distributed channels The method further comprises the steps of: classifying part of the frequency sub-bands as frequency sub-bands carrying frequency-distributed channels, classifying the remaining part of the frequency sub-bands as frequency sub-bands carrying frequency-localized channels. The present invention also relates to a system, a transmitter and a communication system.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus and method for transmitting signals in a multi carrier transmission system comprises a modulator, a band information generator that generates band information defining the frequency bands corresponding to all of the data streams carried within that frequency channel, said band information including a tuning frequency indicator indicating a tuning frequency and a tuning frequency type indicator indicating the type of tuning frequency indicated by said tuning frequency indicator, wherein said type is selected from a group comprising at least a first type indicating a tuning frequency of a frequency band and a second type indicating a center frequency of a frequency channel, and a transmitter.

Abstract: The invention provides an increase in the radio coverage area (10) of a base transceiver station (100) having access to multiple transceivers (102, 104, 106, 108) by dedicating at least one of the transceivers (102) for BCCH data. This BCCH transceiver (102) is connected to an antenna arrangement (120) 5 comprising at least two antenna elements (121, 123; 125, 127). Increased BCCH radio coverage (30) is achieved by providing antenna hopping among the at least two antenna elements (121, 123; 125, 127) for the BCCH. Correspondingly, increased TCH coverage (20) is achieved by providing frequency hopping among at least two carrier frequencies for the TCH. The 10 coverage (10) of the base transceiver station (100) is defined as the intersection of the BCCH radio coverage (30) and the TCH coverage (20).

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and a device for transmitting sounding reference signal in a multi-antenna system, wherein the method includes acquiring antenna grouping information, and grouping antennas according to the antenna grouping information; and transmitting SRS on the respective antennas, wherein different antenna groups transmit the SRS in different frequency bands at a same moment. With the present invention, the interference with a base station of an adjacent cell in a certain frequency band is enabled to be reduced.

Abstract: A wireless mesh network, method, and processor-readable storage medium for operating a network are disclosed. In particular, methods are disclosed for operating a wireless mesh network to increase the number of frequency channels used by the system without needing to increase the preamble length. According to various embodiments, a wireless mesh network divides the ISM spectrum into two types of channels: acquisition channels and data channels. An acquisition channel is used to transmit a preamble of a communication packet. One or more data channels are used to transmit a data portion of the communication packet.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses and methods for managing message communications in systems employing frequency hopping. One method according to the invention involves transmitting a message via a frequency of a frequency hopping sequence, and determining when the same frequency will reoccur in the frequency hopping sequence. Relevant portions of the device enter a sleep mode, and the device emerges from the sleep mode when the frequency at which the message was transmitted reoccurs in the frequency hopping sequence. The device monitors for a response to the message via the frequency at which the message was transmitted when the frequency reoccurs in the frequency hopping sequence.

Abstract: Methods and User Equipment (UE) apparatuses are provided for transmitting Reference Signals (RSs). A method includes receiving a cell-specific sequence-hopping parameter; receiving a UE-specific sequence-hopping parameter; determining a reference signal sequence based on the UE-specific sequence-hopping parameter; and transmitting the reference signal based on the determined reference signal sequence. Sequence hopping does not apply to the reference signal sequence if the cell-specific sequence-hopping parameter indicates that the sequence hopping is enabled and the UE-specific sequence-hopping parameter indicates that the sequence hopping is disabled.

Abstract: A frequency-agile radio receiver controlled by a radio controller hops through a plurality of radio frequencies where discrete frequency-hopping spread spectrum digital transmissions may exist, where the transmitter's hopping sequence is not known, and where it is not necessary to receive every transmission of interest. The controller accumulates counters of the number of transmissions of interest it receives at each of a plurality of frequencies. It then creates a new frequency-hopping sequence consisting primarily of those frequencies whose received transmission counts exceed a certain threshold. The controller continues to tune the receiver in a hopping pattern, allocating more of the receiver's time to those frequencies where more transmissions have been received in the past. Doing so improves the likelihood that transmissions of interest will be received in the future.