Abstract: A data transmission method and device are provided. The method comprises a non-access stratum of a terminal device obtains description information of data to be transmitted; the non-access stratum determines, according to a mapping relationship between preset data description information and reliability transmission indication information, and the description information of the data to be transmitted, the reliability transmission indication information corresponding to the data to be transmitted, the reliability transmission indication information being used for indicating whether to perform reliability transmission on the data to be transmitted; transmitting, by the NAS, the reliable transmission indication information corresponding to the data to be transmitted to an access stratum of the terminal device, and performing, by the terminal device, transmission of the data to be transmitted.

Abstract: A bandwidth allocation and monitoring method may divide available bandwidth on a shared communication medium into a plurality of discrete tones that can be individually allocated to modems on an as-needed basis. The effective modulation rate that a particular modem can use for each discrete tone can be monitored over time using a schedule of pilot tones transmitted from the modems on different tones at different times. The schedule may define representative pilot tones, in which case effective modulation rates for neighboring tones may be inferred from a determined effective modulation rate of a pilot tone.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a terminal device that allows constraints on user allocation to be prevented and spread codes to be allocated in a scheduler when non-adaptive HARQ is employed using a PHICH. A codeword generator generates code words by encoding data, a layer mapping unit places each CW in one or a plurality of layers, a DMRS generator generates a reference signal for each layer in which a CW is placed by using any resource among a plurality of resources defined by a mutually orthogonal plurality of OCCs, and an ACK/NACK demodulator receives a response signal indicating a retransmission request. When a response signal requesting retransmission of only a CW placed in a plurality of layers is received, the DMRS generator uses each resource having the same OCC among the plurality of resources for the reference signals generated in the corresponding layers.

Abstract: Systems and methods for configuring and generating Narrowband Positioning Reference Signals (NPRS) for NB-IoT are provided. A network node provides (NPRS) configuration information indicating a system frame number (SFN) dependent resource mapping. A wireless device obtains a NPRS in accordance with the indicated SFN dependent resource mapping and uses it to perform a radio measurement operation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for configuring at least one set of beta offset values, and for each of the at least one set of beta offset values, at least one subset of beta offset values being defined for information corresponding to Uplink Control Information, UCI, and being associated with at least one service type. A method and apparatus are disclosed for obtaining a configuration of at least one set of beta offset values, for each of the at least one set of beta offset values, the configuration being associated with at least one subset of beta offset values, the at least one subset of beta offset values being defined for information corresponding to UCI and being associated with at least one service type.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure relate to wireless communications, and more particularly, to cell recovery techniques. One example method generally includes receiving, at a user-equipment (UE), at least one pilot signal via a secondary cell, receive, via a primary cell, a first message triggering reporting of at least one preferred beam for communication via the secondary cell, determining the preferred beam based on the at least one pilot signal, transmitting, via the primary cell, a report indicating the at least one preferred beam, and communicating data via the secondary cell and via the preferred beam.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling a gain of an amplifier of a cable modem operating in a full duplex (FDX) mode. A cable modem includes an amplifier configured to amplify a received signal, a power meter configured to measure a power of the received signal on a plurality of channels, and a control unit configured to estimate a maximum expected power to receive on the plurality of channels based on the measured power and set a gain of the amplifier based on the maximum expected power. The cable modem is configured to operate in a full duplex mode. The channels include a full duplex upstream channel, a full duplex downstream channel, and a legacy downstream channel. The maximum expected power may be estimated via a sounding procedure. A power spectral density may be measured and the maximum expected power may be derived from the power spectral density.

Abstract: A method of generating Acknowledgement/Negative Acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) information by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system is discussed. The method includes receiving, by the UE from a base station (BS), a plurality of codewords through a plurality of downlink frequency bands related to a plurality of downlink carriers, wherein the UE is configured with a 1-codeword mode or a 2-codeword mode for each of the plurality of downlink frequency bands independently, and wherein a number of supported codewords is one for the 1-codeword mode or two for the 2-codeword mode; determining, by the UE, a total number of ACK/NACK bits, wherein the total number of ACK/NACK bits is determined based on a total number of the plurality of downlink carriers and the number of supported codewords; and generating, by the UE, a sequence of the ACK/NACK bits based on the total number of the ACK/NACK bits.

Abstract: A data transmission circuit includes a transmitter configured to transmit a data signal, a receiver configured to receive the data signal, a first transmission line connected between the transmitter and the receiver, and a second transmission line connected between the transmitter and the receiver. The data signal includes a line start signal, and a configuration signal. The data signal further includes at least one of an inverted line start signal which is an inverted version of the line start signal or an inverted configuration signal which is an inverted version of the configuration signal.

Abstract: An integrated circuit includes a demodulator to demodulate a signal simultaneously transmitted over an isolation communication channel and obtain gate information and configuration information. The demodulator includes a gate demodulation path and a configuration demodulation path. The received signal oscillates at a first frequency to represent a first state, oscillates at different frequencies to represent a seconds state, oscillates at a third frequency (or third and fourth frequencies), which are lower than the first frequency, to represent a third state, and the received signal is steady state to represent a fourth state. The gate demodulation path detects the first and second states. The configuration demodulation path includes first and second sub-demodulation paths. An envelope detector in the first sub-demodulation path detects the second state and the second sub-demodulation path detects the third state. The configuration demodulation paths uses an output of the gate demodulation path.

Abstract: A radio frequency circuit includes: a first filter having a first passband that corresponds to a portion of a frequency range of a first communication band allocated as a communication band for TDD; a second filter having a second passband that corresponds to a portion of the frequency range of the first communication band, the second passband being different from the first passband; a power amplifier that amplifies a transmission signal in the first communication band; a low-noise amplifier that amplifies a reception signal in the first communication band; and a switch that switches between connecting the first filter and the power amplifier and connecting the first filter and the low-noise amplifier, and switches between connecting the second filter and the power amplifier and connecting the second filter and the low-noise amplifier.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are electric vehicles with various characteristics. For example, electric vehicles with at least two energy storage systems are described. As another example, electric vehicles with liquid temperature regulated battery packs are described. As yet another example, electric vehicles with high voltage battery limit optimization are disclosed. And, as another example, electric vehicles with dual-battery system charge management are described.

Abstract: A coding and modulation apparatus and method are presented. The apparatus (10) comprises an encoder (11) that encodes input data into cell words, and a modulator (12) that modulates said cell words into constellation values of a non-uniform constellation. The modulator (12) is configured to use, based on the total number M of constellation points of the constellation, the signal-to-noise ratio SNR in dB and the channel characteristics, a non-uniform constellation from a group of constellations comprising one or more of predetermined constellations defined by the constellation position vector u1 . . . v, wherein v=sqrt(M)/2?1.

Abstract: A gateway device for a vehicle network system installed in a vehicle is provided. The vehicle network system includes a network, an electronic control unit connected to the network, and the gateway device connected to the first network and configured to communicate outside the vehicle. The gateway device receives a first frame from outside the vehicle; determines whether or not the first frame is appropriate; generates a second frame when the first frame is not determined to be appropriate; and transmits the second frame to the network. The second frame includes control information and additional information based on content of the first frame. The control information restricts processing of the additional information included in the second frame by the electronic control unit, after the second frame is received by the electronic control unit.

Abstract: A system and method for autonomous distress tracking of an aircraft. An automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast transceiver is configured to transmit an automatic distress transmission. A system controller comprises a distress identifier that is configured to determine when the aircraft is in a distress condition. The system controller is configured to control the automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast transceiver to transmit the automatic distress transmission in response to a determination that the aircraft is in the distress condition. The automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast transceiver and the system controller are contained within a housing attached to the aircraft on an outside of the aircraft.

Abstract: One or more systems and/or methods for implementing an analog-to-digital converter system with a floating digital channel configuration are provided. An analog input component is configured to receive measured analog signals, and output analog signals, corresponding to the measured analog signals, to an analog channel coupled to the analog input component. The analog channel is coupled to a switching component connected to a first digital channel and a second digital channel. The analog channel comprises a modulator configured to convert the analog signals into a data stream selectively input by the switching component to the first digital channel or the second digital channel.

Abstract: A method in a network node includes communicating, over a narrowband Internet of Things downlink, a first message to a first wireless device during repetition periods of at least a first time frame and a second time frame of a plurality of time frames of a transmission time of a narrowband physical downlink control channel (NB-PDCCH) or a narrowband physical downlink shared channel (NB-PDSCH). Each time frame of the plurality of time frames includes a repetition period and a gap. The method also includes communicating a second message to a second wireless device during a gap of the first time frame.

Abstract: Methods and systems for analyzing data are disclosed. An example method can comprise receiving a first data signal, decoding the first data signal, determining a second data signal based on the decoded first data signal, and determining a modulation error ratio based on a difference between the first data signal and the second data signal.

Abstract: According to the present disclosure, CSI and/or a plurality of ACKs related to a group of DL data transmissions may be buffered at the UE as a GACK until a DCI trigger is received from the eNB. Once the trigger is received, the UE may transmit the CSI and/or GACK to the eNB. In this way HARQ feedback and/or CSI may be reliably communicated while reducing payload. In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus send, to a UE, data transmissions associated with a first plurality of downlink subframes. In an aspect, the apparatus increments a counter for each data transmission sent to the UE. In a further aspect, the apparatus transmits, to the UE, a first trigger for a first GACK when a counter is greater than or equal to a threshold.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method and system to generate a waveform in a communication network. The transmitter receives an input data and transmit a generated waveform to another communication system. The input data is spread with a spread code to generate a spread data and rotated using a constellation rotation operation to produce a rotated data. The rotated data is then precoded using precoding filter to produce a precoded data, and transformed into DFT output data using DFT operation. The DFT output data is then mapped with subcarriers to generate the sub-carrier mapped DFT data and modulated using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation to generate the waveform with low PAPR.

Abstract: A communication method and a switch device for one-way transmission based on VLAN ID are provided. The communication method includes: receiving, by a first port of a switch, a first data packet from a first external device; packing the first data packet with a first VLAN ID corresponding to a first path to generate a second data packet; receiving, by a first PLD, the second data packet from a third port of the switch; filtering, by the first PLD, the second data packet according to a first filtering rule; in response to the second data packet being matched with the first filtering rule, overwriting the first VLAN ID by a second VLAN ID corresponding to a second path to generate a third data packet; and transmitting, by the first PLD, the third data packet to a second port of the switch via the second path.

Abstract: Various embodiments disclosed herein provide for reduced overhead signaling when a user equipment device is being configured with multiple bandwidth parts for downlink transmission. When a user equipment device is being configured with multiple bandwidth parts (channels on an aggregate carrier), the signaling that indicates the codebook subset restriction bit map, rank restriction bit map, and beam restriction bit map needs to be repeated for each bandwidth part. Often however, the restriction bit maps are repeated in the bandwidth parts, and so overhead can be reduced by encoding a confirmation bit in each bandwidth part, such that if the confirmation bit is set to “1”, the user equipment device can know to apply the restriction bit map from the primary bandwidth part to the secondary bandwidth part, without having to encode the secondary bandwidth part restriction bit map.

Abstract: A digital mobile fronthaul (MFH) network includes a baseband processing unit (BBU) having a digitization interface configured to digitize, using delta-sigma digitization, at least one wireless service for at least one radio access technology. The network further includes a transport medium in operable communication with the BBU. The transport medium is configured to transmit a delta-sigma digitized wireless service from the BBU. The network further includes a remote radio head (RRH) configured to operably receive the delta-sigma digitized wireless service from the BBU over the transport medium.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a transmit point that transmits a downlink chirp sensing waveform (DL CSW) signal. A device receives the DL CSW signal and obtains a cloned chirp sensing waveform. The cloned chirp sensing waveform includes a parameter that can be uniquely associated with the device. The device transmits a UL cloned CSW signal based on the cloned chirp sensing waveform. The transmit point receives the UL cloned CSW signal and processes the UL cloned CSW signal to estimate a pose for the device and associate the estimated pose with the identity of the device.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to transmit and receive messages within and near the noise floor by pulsed signals that are time synchronized and are not easily intercepted by use of frequency and time slots as well as intermittent transmissions.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for adaptive resource management in new radio operations that adapts a numerology including a subcarrier spacing and/or cyclic prefix for a user equipment (UE) traveling at a high speed. A base station may transmit via a plurality of remote radio heads (RRH) to a user equipment (UE) is moving along a high speed track. The base station may transmit, in a first time period, using a first numerology including a first subcarrier spacing and a first cyclic prefix ratio, a first transmission for the UE. The base station may transmit, in a subsequent time period, using a second numerology including a second subcarrier spacing and a second cyclic prefix ratio, a second transmission for the UE. At least one of the second subcarrier spacing is different than the first subcarrier spacing or the second cyclic prefix ratio is different than the first cyclic prefix ratio.

Abstract: A communication set-up having an electronic circuit; the circuit including at least one communication unit for wireless communication. The communication unit includes an antenna network connected to an antenna; and also includes an actuating unit. The circuit of the communication set-up further includes a signal processing unit, and in response to operation of the actuating unit, the actuating unit is configured to release a signal to the signal processing unit, which, on the basis of this, converts the communication set-up from a blocked state to an enabled state, or vice versa. In addition, a method for controlling such a communication set-up is described.

Abstract: A method and system for controlling how many carriers to aggregate together for carrier-aggregation service of a UE. A base station could take into account how many MIMO layers a UE would support respectively for each of various candidate quantities of carriers, and the base station could select the candidate quantity of carriers that would result in use of a highest aggregate total number of MIMO layers. Further, the selection could involve mapping UE-reported rank to a quantity of carriers, with the rank being inversely proportional to the selected quantity of carriers. The base station could then configure carrier-aggregation service of the UE with the selected quantity of carriers.

Abstract: An input/output (I/O) and control system for long distance communications and industrial applications having a bus and protocol for communications between field devices and a channel generator for monitoring and control of the field devices. The channel generator produces an offset square wave of configurable frequency on the bus, and sends a synchronization pulse of selected duration at the start of each bus scan cycle in a pulse train cycle to reset counters in the field devices before the bus scan cycle is repeated, to ensure field devices are synchronized, transmitters transmit on the correct channel, and receivers sample the pulse cycle at the correct time. Changing the synchronization pulse length increases bandwidth for shorter, less noisy and more stable systems and inversely decreases bandwidth for increased noise immunity and distance for longer, noisier and less stable systems.

Abstract: In one example aspect, a method of transmitting signals is provided. The method comprises transmitting a first multi-carrier on-off keyed signal comprising a plurality of on periods and a plurality of off periods. Transmitting the first signal in each on period comprises, for each subcarrier of a plurality of subcarriers, transmitting, from each antenna of a plurality of antennas, a frequency domain symbol associated with that subcarrier phase shifted by a respective factor of a set of factors associated with that subcarrier, wherein the set of factors associated with that subcarrier is different from the set of factors associated with at least one other subcarrier of the plurality of subcarriers.

Abstract: An electronic device may include a radio that generates a first maximum power based on a radio-frequency exposure (RFE) budget. The radio may transmit signals subject to the first maximum power during a subperiod of an averaging period and may generate an instantaneous RFE metric value based on an antenna coefficient and the conducted transmit power of the antenna during the subperiod. The radio may generate a consumed RFE value by averaging the instantaneous RFE metric value with previous instantaneous RFE values from the averaging period, may generate a remaining budget based on the consumed RFE value, may generate a second maximum transmit power based on the remaining budget, and may transmit signals during a subsequent subperiod subject to the second maximum power. Time-averaging the RFE metric may serve to optimize performance of the radio relative to scenarios where the radio performs time-averaging of conducted TX power.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a radar device including a first radar-IC for processing first receive signals from first antennas of an antenna array, wherein the first radar-IC is configured to determine a first range-Doppler map based on the first receive signals, and to determine a first subregion of the first range-Doppler map based on criteria of interest. The radar device also includes at least a second radar-IC for processing second receive signals from second antennas of the antenna array, wherein the second radar-IC is configured to determine a second range-Doppler map based on the second receive signals, and to determine a second subregion of the second range-Doppler map based on the criteria of interest. A data interface is configured to forward information indicative of the first and/or the second subregions to a common processor for further processing.

Abstract: A plasma processing apparatus includes a processing chamber in which a sample is subjected to plasma processing, a first radio frequency power supply that supplies radio frequency power for generating plasma, a sample stage on which the sample is mounted, and a second radio frequency power supply that supplies radio frequency power to the sample stage, the plasma processing apparatus further includes a DC power supply that applies a DC voltage, that is changed according to a periodically repeated waveform, to the sample stage, and the waveform of one cycle has a period in which amplitude changes by a predetermined amount or more during a predetermined time. Accordingly, charged particles on a wafer surface are removed, a trench shape with high verticality can be obtained, and damage to a film that is not to be etched inside a trench can be reduced.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a user equipment (UE) having active device components and passive device components. Responsive to receiving downlink (DL) transmissions in time division duplexing (TDD) mode, the active device components perform DL decoding while the passive device components perform passive transmission of ACK/NACK data. Such passive transmission may involve encoding the ACK/NACK data in an altered version of received radio frequency (RF) signals and using so-called backscatter communications to reflect the received RF signals, with alteration, using the same frequency resources used to receive the DL transmissions.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and circuitries are provided for extending the range of an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) associated with interference cancellation. In one example a transceiver includes front end circuitry configured to transmit a radio frequency (RF) transmit signal that includes an intended signal and an interference signal. The transceiver includes self-interference cancellation (SIC) circuitry configured to control the front end circuitry based at least on a digital baseband reference transmit signal that comprises a digital representation of the intended signal.

Abstract: A terminal state indicating method, a terminal state determining method, a base station and a terminal are provided. The terminal state indicating method includes: transmitting a subsequence in a predetermined subsequence set, the predetermined subsequence set includes at least one subsequence, each of the at least one subsequence is configured to indicate that at least two terminals are in a target state, and the target state includes a wake-up state or a sleep state.

Abstract: Introduced are a data transmission method, apparatus and device based on a modulation signal and a storage medium. The method includes steps as follows: calculating a first amplitude-modulated sine wave signal and a second amplitude-modulated sine wave signal with each preset frequency individually; based on the first amplitude-modulated sine wave signal and the second amplitude-modulated sine wave signal with the each preset frequency and according to a preset mapping rule, mapping a sequence of data bits to be sent into a signal sequence; and processing the signal sequence to generate a transmittable radio-frequency signal, and sending the transmittable radio-frequency signal to a receiving end.

Abstract: A method of wireless communication at a transmitting device includes adding parity check bits to a set of information bits. The method also includes generating a non-coherent transmission signal by mapping the parity check bits and the set of information bits into a sequence of complex symbols. Further, the method may include transmitting the non-coherent transmission signal to a receiving device. A method of wireless communication at a receiving device includes receiving, from a transmitting device, a non-coherent signal having at least one segment. Each segment comprises a sequence of complex symbols corresponding to information bits and parity check bits. The method also includes jointly detecting the sequences from each segment of the received non-coherent signal by using the parity check bits.

Abstract: A method, in a radio network node, comprises identifying, among a predetermined codebook of precoding matrix codewords, a subset of precoding matrix codewords that are not to be reported by the wireless device in channel-state-information, CSI, feedback, and transmitting, to the wireless device, a bitmap identifying the subset of precoding matrix codewords that are not to be reported by the wireless device; where each bit in the bitmap corresponds to only one combination of a first dimension index l?1 and a second dimension index l?2 out of the possible combinations of the first dimension index l?1 and the second dimension index l?2, and where the first dimension index l?1 and the second dimension index l?2 identify a two-dimensional beam, the two-dimensional beam being defined by a vector of complex numbers comprised within at least one column of a precoding matrix codeword in the codebook.

Abstract: A transmitter in a wireless communication network encodes data bits of a first layer to produce a set of coded symbols; spreads the coded symbols using discrete Fourier transform spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM); and modulates the spread symbols onto a set of OFDM subcarrier frequencies to produce a discrete-time OFDM signal. Spreading is configured to map the coded symbols to a first sparse DFT-s-OFDM code space in a DFT-s-OFDM symbol, wherein the first sparse DFT-s-OFDM code space is different from a second sparse DFT-s-OFDM code space in the DFT-s-OFDM symbol, the second sparse DFT-s-OFDM code space being employed by a second layer.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a first communication device with multiple antennas, operably coupled to a processor and configured to access a codebook of transformation matrices. The processor generates a set of symbols based on an incoming data, and applies a permutation to each of the symbols to produce a set of permuted symbols. The processor transforms each of the permuted symbols based on at least one primitive transformation matrix, to produce a set of transformed symbols. The processor applies, to each of the transformed symbols, a precode matrix selected from the codebook of transformation matrices to produce a set of precoded symbols. The codebook of transformation matrices is accessible to a second communication device. The processor sends a signal to cause transmission, to the second communication device, of multiple signals, each representing a precoded symbol from the set of precoded symbols, each of the signals transmitted using a unique antenna from the plurality of antennas.

Abstract: A signal transmission device includes a first antenna, a second antenna, a demodulation device, and a fixing member. The first antenna transmits radio waves containing a signal modulated at a first frequency. The second antenna receives the radio waves containing the signal via a medium. The demodulation device demodulates the signal and connected to the second antenna. The fixing member fixes the first antenna and the second antenna to the medium.

Abstract: A terminal is disclosed including a receiver that receives a demodulation reference signal; and a processor that controls reception of the demodulation reference signal based on a parameter related to mapping of the demodulation reference signal, wherein when the parameter is configured to a specific value, a specific multiplexing method for the demodulation reference signal is supported. In other aspects, another terminal is also disclosed.

Abstract: A communication method includes: switching an operation mode of a first station from a first operation mode to a second operation mode; transmitting a first signal from the first station to a second station; transmitting data from the second station to the first station in response to the first signal; storing the data received by the first station from the second station into a storage of the first station; switching the operation mode of the first station from the second operation mode to the first operation mode; transmitting a second signal from an access point to the first station; and transmitting the data stored into the storage from the first station operating in the first operation mode to the access point in response to the second signal.

Abstract: An antenna and manufacturing process for antennas produce radiating elements of desired size for certain frequency bands by bump mounting radiating elements to the printed circuit board substrate. Driving circuitry is stacked to save space. Also, the radiating elements are made using a different dielectric constant material as compared to the substrate. Tiling radiating elements or sub-arrays or radiating elements with bump mounting allows for spatial separation that eliminates surface waves. Bump mounted radiating elements also allow for multiple sizes of radiating elements in which smaller size provides lower directivity to cover broader beam scan performance.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention synchronize multiple synthesizers, such as phase-locked loops (PLLs), in a manner that does not require communication or coordination between the synthesizers. Specifically, each synthesizer is part of a synthesizer circuit that includes a synthesizer (e.g., a PLL), a phase measurement circuit, and a synchronization circuit. A common reference signal (e.g., an alternating clock signal) is provided to the synthesizer circuits. In one exemplary embodiment, in each synthesizer circuit, the phase measurement circuit measures a phase difference between the reference signal and a corresponding output of the synthesizer, and the synchronization circuit adjusts the synthesizer operation based on the measured phase difference in such a way that all of the synthesizers operate in-phase with one another relative to the common reference signal, without having any communication or coordination between the two synthesizer circuits other than provision of the common reference signal.

Abstract: A method for a terminal performing transmission using a grant-free resource in a wireless communication system is a method for transmitting/receiving a signal associated with a grant-free resource, the method comprising the steps of: generating uplink control information (UCI); and transmitting at least one among the generated UCI and data, wherein the transmission of at least one among the UCI and the data is dropped or delayed according to a correlation between the time point at which the UCI was generated and the position of the grant-free resource on a time axis.

Abstract: An estimation unit 32 estimates, from each of acquired first time-series data pieces, a state of a radio field intensity at a position of an apparatus 10 that corresponds to each of the first time-series data pieces. The estimation unit 32 estimates, from second time-series data, a state of the radio field intensity at a position of an apparatus 20. An estimation unit 33 estimates a state of the radio field intensity at each point in a target space by using the position of each apparatus 10 and the state of the radio field intensity thereof. An estimation unit 34 compares the state at each point with the state at the position of the apparatus 20 and thereby estimates the position of the apparatus 20. An estimation unit 35 estimates a position state of the apparatus 20 based on time-series data of the position of the apparatus 20.

Abstract: Methods and systems for multiplexing of different traffic types in a telecommunications network are provided. According to one aspect, a method of operation of a network node comprises: determining that data is available for a Downlink (DL) transmission of a first traffic type to a User Equipment (UE); identifying a DL transmission of a second traffic type to be punctured; transmitting the DL transmission of the first traffic type by puncturing the identified DL transmission of the second traffic type; receiving a Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) Negative Acknowledgement (NACK) associated with the punctured DL transmission of the second traffic type; and excluding the HARQ NACK associated with the punctured DL transmission of the second traffic type from a DL Contention Window Size (CWS) adjustment operation of the network node.

Abstract: When arranging a reference signal generated by a pseudorandom number on specified time and frequency, an information processing unit (101) determines whether or not to arrange a 1 OFDM symbol or 2 OFDM symbols including a reference signal at a position determined in each slot, and determines whether or not to additionally arrange an OFDM symbol including a reference signal in the same slot. A multiplexing unit (108) performs multiplexing of a reference signal in accordance with the determination by the information processing unit (101).