Abstract: The present application relates to a distributed antenna system, a method and an apparatus. The distributed antenna system comprises a digital-analog expansion unit and a remote cascade chain, the remote cascade chain comprising multiple remote units cascadingly connected by means of radio frequency cable, and a first remote unit of the remote cascade chain being connected to the digital-analog expansion unit by means of radio frequency cable. The digital-analog expansion unit is used to perform a baseband processing operation on a received external signal, and to perform interconversion of an analog RF signal and a digital RF signal.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and systems to improve the time synchronization of power distribution systems and/or other distributed device networks. The disclosure relates to nesting selection algorithms to elect a grand master clock from among groups of devices in a network.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes devices, systems, and methods for synchronizing multiple-input/multiple-output (“MIMO”) signals or other signals in telecommunication systems. Some aspects may involve transmitting signals between a head-end unit and remote units of a telecommunication system. A first delay of a signal path between the head-end unit and a first remote unit of the remote units may be determined to be greater than each delay of signal paths between the head-end unit and other remote units. Based on the first delay, the telecommunication system may be configured to delay transmission of additional signals such that the additional signals are simultaneously transmitted to another unit by either the head-end unit or the remote units.

Abstract: A master unit includes a synchronization signal source that generates a synchronization signal and a synchronization signal distribution adjustment circuit that adjusts a distribution timing of the synchronization signal to each of slave units. The synchronization signal distribution adjustment circuit includes a period measurement circuit that measures a period of the synchronization signal output from the synchronization signal source, a time difference measurement circuit that measures a time difference between a time point of the synchronization signal issued from the master unit to the slave units and a time point of the synchronization signal returned from the slave units to the master unit, and a delay circuit that delays the issuing time point of the synchronization signal to be transmitted from the master unit to the slave units based on the period of the synchronization signal and the time difference.

Abstract: In an embodiment a timing system includes a master timing device including a master oscillator stage configured to receive a reference signal and to generate a first main clock signal frequency-locked with the reference signal, a master timing stage including a master counter configured to update value with a timing that depends on the first main clock signal, the master timing stage configured to generate a first local clock signal of a pulsed type, a timing of pulses of the first local clock signal being controllable by the master counter and a master synchronization stage configured to generate a synchronization signal synchronous with the first local clock signal, wherein the synchronization signal includes a corresponding pulse for each group of consecutive pulses of the first local clock signal formed by a number (N) of pulses, and a slave timing device including a slave oscillator stage configured to receive the reference signal and to generate a second main clock signal frequency-locked with the refer

Abstract: A network device adapted for sending a synchronization packet to a slave device. The synchronization packet includes a timestamp field and a correction field. The network device includes a counting circuit, a communication chip, and a processor. The counting circuit is configured to provide a calendar time TOD. The communication chip includes a first port, a second port, and a timestamp circuit which has a bit number N. The processor is coupled to the first port of the communication chip. The processor is configured to: obtain a remainder R according to the calendar time TOD and the bit number N; and write the calendar time TOD and the remainder R into the synchronization packet.

Abstract: A method and system for enhanced time synchronization with lesser delay and jitter, from a gateway of a network or an external standard time source, over the internet, in a traditional network, including SDN, by NTP clients like newly added devices, spawned VMs and the like, by automatic deployment of the distributed NTP service through DHCP and DNS servers by spawning NTP demons (ntpd), according to the time synchronization requests received, thereby offloading the NTP functionality of the gateway and decreasing NTP traffic.

Abstract: A system for minimizing data transmission latency between a sensor and a suspension controller of a vehicle is described. The system includes: a state determination module that determines a physical state of the vehicle; a plurality of data paths for transmitting a first signal from the sensor to the suspension controller; a data path configurator of the controller that selects a first data path of the plurality of data paths based on at least one characteristic of the first data path and the physical state and configures the first data path to transmit the first signal; and an actuation module that generates an actuation signal to control a damping characteristic of the suspension actuator based on at least the first signal.

Abstract: Measuring an end-to-end delay(s) in a distributed communications system (DCS) is disclosed. The DCS is coupled to a signal source(s) supporting multiple logical channels and includes multiple remote units each communicating in one or more of the logical channels. The DCS is configured to measure an end-to-end delay(s), which includes a path delay(s) between the signal source and the remote units and a local delay(s) at each of the remote units, for each of the logical channels. The measured end-to-end delay(s) can help the signal source to more accurately determine an equivalent coverage range of the DCS, thus making it possible to generate random access preambles for the DCS based on as few Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequences as possible. By generating the random access preambles based on fewer ZC sequences, it is possible to minimize interference among the random access preambles, thus helping to improve random access performance in the DCS.

Abstract: An automotive communication system includes multiple communication devices and a processor. The communication devices are configured to be installed in a vehicle and to communicate with one another over point-to-point Ethernet links. In each Ethernet link, a first communication device serves as a link master that is configured to set a clock signal for the link, and a second communication device serves as a slave that is configured to synchronize to the clock signal set by the first communication device. The communication devices are configured to receive data from sensors and to transmit the data over the Ethernet links. The processor is configured to receive the data from the communication devices over the Ethernet links, to synchronize the data originating from the multiple sensors to a common time-base based on link-specific clock-signal synchronization achieved on each of the links by each link master, and to process the synchronized data.

Abstract: Provided are a message processing method, an apparatus, an electronic control unit, and a readable storage medium. The method includes configuring different sending times for any two different electronic control units corresponding to the same message ID in sending time configuration information of electronic control units; and when sending messages to a CAN bus, sending, by the electronic control units, the messages to the CAN bus at available sending times according to corresponding sending time configuration information, so that the time for any two different electronic control units corresponding to the same message ID to send messages to the CAN bus is separated. The method can improve the safety of the unmanned system.

Abstract: A data producer stores input data in a buffer in response to a slow clock signal and provides read data from the buffer in response to a read pointer signal. A data movement circuit reads the input data from the buffer using the read pointer signal and provides an update read pointer signal in response to reading the input data. The data movement circuit operates in response to a fast clock signal, and includes a metastable-free synchronizer circuit having inputs for receiving the update read pointer signal, the slow clock signal, and the read pointer signal, and an output for providing a synchronized read pointer signal equal to the read pointer signal except between a change in the read pointer signal while the slow clock signal is active until an inactivation of the slow clock signal. The buffer provides the read data in response to the synchronized read pointer signal.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A user equipment (UE) may identify a set of carriers configured for communications between the UE and one or more transmission reception points (e.g., a set of transmission points). The UE may receive multiple communications over different carriers and determine a time difference or delay between two of the carriers (e.g., a first carrier and a second carrier). Based on the time difference and a time difference threshold, the UE may perform a throughput degradation procedure such as transmitting a report indicating the time difference, transmitting a feedback report with channel quality information determined based on the time difference, etc.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, generating multiple digital reference pulses synchronously to a master oscillator, selectively switching the multiple digital reference pulses, and providing the switched pulses to multiple radio modules operating within a millimeter wave spectrum. For each radio module, counting cycles of an adjustable LO output signal occurring between consecutive pulses of the switched digital reference pulses, determining a difference between the count value and a reference value, and adjusting the adjustable LO according to the difference. A resulting corrected LO signal is synchronized to the master oscillator. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: In at least one embodiment, an apparatus for wireless communication is provided. The apparatus includes a transceiver, a dedicated modem, a frequency converter, at least one controller and a bus. The transceiver receives a first wireless signal associated with a first predefined wireless communication standard and a second wireless signal associated with a second predefined wireless communication standard. The dedicated modem is capable of processing the first wireless signal. The frequency converter down converts a second frequency of the second wireless signal. The controller receives data on the second wireless signal and processes the data on the second wireless signal. The bus is configured to divert the data from the second wireless signal from being received at the dedicated modem by directly transmitting the data from the second wireless signal to memory. The controller is further programmed to access the memory for processing the data on the second wireless signal.

Abstract: An aircraft communication system includes, and a method of aircraft communication uses, communication radios and a multilink communication controller. The multilink communication controller includes a link selection table and a link selector. The link selector is in communication with the link selection table. The link selector is configured to receive a message from a system of the aircraft and select a communication link among a number of communication links for the message using a priority of the message and priority information from the link selection table.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for synchronization of integrated circuits (ICs) within a wireless network. In one embodiment, a serial time protocol (STP) is disclosed for use within a wireless device of a wireless network. The disclosed STP provides a common protocol for communicating precision time information from one time-transmitter IC to another time-receiver IC within a wireless device. In one exemplary implementation, a time-transmitter and a time-receiver are implemented within the firmware of a wireless device. Various schemes utilizing the disclosed STP for time synchronization are also described.

Abstract: A method for initializing a phase adder circuit including a multiplier circuit with its two inputs receiving signals of frequency fo, a mixer circuit, an amplifier circuit, a low pass loop filter, and a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), the method including: during a first phase, determining a reference voltage which when applied to the VCO causes it to produce a signal having a frequency of nf0; during a second phase, supplying a signal of frequency nfo to a first input of the mixer and a signal of frequency (nfo+?f) to a second input of the mixer; and determining an adjustment signal which when applied to the amplifier circuit causes the amplifier circuit to output a signal having a DC component equal to the reference voltage; and during a third phase, forming a primary phase locked loop (PLL) circuit including the mixer, the amplifier circuit, the low pass loop filter and the VCO; and applying the adjustment signal to the amplifier circuit.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for adaptive data collection operations where a first user equipment (UE) is paired to a second UE. The first UE may receive capability data from the second UE, the capability data comprising cellular capabilities of the second UE. The first UE may further collect service history data for the second UE, where the service history data corresponds to the cellular capabilities indicated by the capability data. The first UE may further transmit the service history data to the second UE.

Abstract: The present disclosure provide a transmission method and a device, which relate to the technical field of communications and reduce overhead and improve work efficiency in an application of cooperative transmission in aspects of synchronization, sharing of information such as data and the like, obtaining of channel information and data transmission. Meanwhile application scenarios may also be extended. The method specifically includes: obtaining, by an access point AP, a parameter value, wherein the parameter value is a frequency difference between a crystal oscillator frequency of the AP and a reference crystal oscillator frequency of a reference AP or a delay difference of the AP with respect to the reference AP; compensating, by the AP, a phase difference or a time difference according to the parameter value when both of the AP and the reference AP send data. The present disclosure is applied to an application of a cooperative transmission.

Abstract: In a coordinated multipoint system, geographically distributed base transceiver stations employ overlapping coverage areas in a Radio Access Network (RAN) to serve multiple User Equipments (UEs). A fronthaul network communicatively couples the base transceiver stations to a central processor. The central processor comprises a cooperative multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) processor configured to select multiple antennas residing on multiple ones of the base transceiver stations to receive transmissions from each of the UEs; collect RAN signals from the base transceiver stations; compute baseband spatial demultiplexing weights for signals from RAN channel state information; and combine weighted RAN signals to exploit multipath in the RAN to separate the received UE transmissions.

Abstract: A method for determining a clock synchronization path, and a device, where the method includes determining a first clock synchronization path from a clock injection node of the first network to the first network element based on a request of the first network element and the clock synchronization topology of the first network. A clock synchronization topology is automatically updated based on clock synchronization capability information of a network element, and a clock synchronization path is determined to reduce costs of deploying a clock synchronization path.

Abstract: Developing intelligent systems which take into consideration the economical, environmental, and safety factors of the modern society, is one of the main challenges of this century. Progress in the fields of mobile robots, control architectures, artificial intelligence, advanced technologies, and computer vision allows us to now envisage a smart environment future. The rise of the connected objects known as the “Internet of Things” (IoT) will rival past technological marvels. This application discloses a time synchronous communication IoT network and use of time of day to control and manage a smart environment.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, generating electromagnetic waves that convey data, receiving a wireless signal generated by a communication device, determining that the wireless signal is transmitted during a first resource block used for transport of the electromagnetic waves that convey the data, detecting an interference condition caused by the wireless signal, and adjusting the electromagnetic waves to generate adjusted electromagnetic waves that convey the data in a second resource block that does not overlap with the first resource block. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Hearing aid systems where a data streaming device streams data to a hearing aid and methods of maintaining synchronization when converting a sampling rate are disclosed. A hearing system comprises a hearing aid, a sampling rate converter, a buffer, an RDWiff signal, and a control circuit. The hearing aid receives data from a data transmission device, and the data received has a first sampling rate. The sampling rate converter is in the hearing aid and converts the sampling rate of the received data to a sampling rate suitable for use by digital signal processing circuitry in the hearing aid. The buffer receives data from the sampling rate converter. The RWDiff signal indicates the difference between the rate at which data is read from and written to the buffer. The control circuit compares the RWDiff signal to a predetermined RWIdeal quantity and generates an adjustment signal.

Abstract: An exemplary system and method for dynamic channel allocation in an LMR system includes using one or more preference indicators to dynamically determine a channel allocation priority to be used for channel allocation when channel allocation requests are received. The preference indicators may include a channel failure indicator (e.g. a channel health indicator based on repeater failures), a channel priority indicator, a radio frequency interference indicator, a high reflected power indicator, an excessive current drain indicator, a loss of backbone communications indicator, and a channel usage indicator. If more than one preference indicator is used, the channel priority ranking may be determined using any of a variety of weightings and prioritizations of the various preference indicators to dynamically generate the channel allocation priority.

Abstract: One embodiment includes a clock distribution system. The system includes at least one resonator spine that propagates a sinusoidal clock signal and at least one resonator rib conductively coupled to the at least one resonator spine and arranged as a standing wave resonator. The system further includes at least one coupling capacitor. Each of the at least one coupling capacitor can interconnect at least one of the at least one resonator rib and a respective circuit to capacitively provide a clock current corresponding to the sinusoidal clock signal to the respective circuit to provide functions for the respective circuit.

Abstract: A radio node may calculate one or more performance metrics based on measured satellite signals, which are associated with a global positioning system, or wireless signals that are associated with a cellular-telephone network. Then, the radio node may determine, based on the one or more performance metrics, whether the radio node is a synchronization master in a cluster of radio nodes. When the radio node is the synchronization master, the radio node may provide information intended for a computer specifying that the radio node is the synchronization master and the one or more performance metrics. In response, the radio node may receive a synchronization request associated with another radio node in the cluster. Furthermore, the radio node may provide the synchronization information intended for the other radio node, where the synchronization information specifies time, frequency, and phase synchronization for at least the cluster.

Abstract: A system for routing signals in a Distributed Antenna System (DAS) includes one or more local Digital Access Units (DAUs) located at a local location and one or more remote DAUs located at one or more remote locations. Each of the one or more local DAUs includes an optical port coupled to an upstream unit. The upstream unit includes at least one of a repeater, a baseband unit, a Base Transceiver Station (BTS), or a DAU. The one or more remote DAUs are coupled to the one or more local DAUs via one or more optical cables. A distance between the local location and each of the one or more remote locations is greater than two kilometers.

Abstract: Techniques are described for reducing frequency pulling in voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) circuits. Some embodiments operate in context of a transmitter having a VCO and a power amplifier (PA), where resonant components of the VCO are impacted by magnetically coupled feedback from resonant components of the PA. The VCO and PA are coupled via a set of signal path components that cause signal path delay, such that the feedback signal is phase-delayed with respect to the signal generated by the VCO. A coupling delay matching system is used to introduce additional delay, thereby further phase-shifting the feedback signal to an integer multiple of the oscillation period of the VCO signal; thereby reducing frequency pulling of the VCO.

Abstract: Techniques are described for reducing frequency pulling in voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) circuits. Some embodiments operate in context of a transmitter having a VCO and a power amplifier (PA), where resonant components of the VCO are impacted by magnetically coupled feedback from resonant components of the PA. The VCO and PA are coupled via a set of signal path components that cause signal path delay, such that the feedback signal is phase-delayed with respect to the signal generated by the VCO. A coupling delay matching system is used to introduce additional delay, thereby further phase-shifting the feedback signal to an integer multiple of half of the oscillation period of the VCO signal; thereby reducing frequency pulling of the VCO.

Abstract: An optical reception apparatus (1) of the present invention includes: a local oscillator (11) outputting local oscillation light (22); an optical mixer (12) receiving a multiplexed optical signal (21) and the local oscillation light, and selectively outputting an optical signal (23) corresponding to the wavelength of the local oscillation light from the multiplexed optical signal; a photoelectric converter (13) converting the optical signal (23) output from the optical mixer into an electric signal (24); a variable gain amplifier (15) amplifying the electric signal (24) to generate an output signal (25) whose output amplitude is amplified to a certain level; a gain control signal generating circuit (16) generating a gain control signal (26) for controlling the gain of the variable gain amplifier (15); and a monitor signal generating unit (17) generating a monitor signal (27) corresponding to the power of the optical signal (23) using the gain control signal (26).

Abstract: The present disclosure describes methods and apparatuses for fine timing measurement with frequency domain processing. In some aspects, a first device receives a frame that is transmitted by a second device via a wireless medium. A degree to which the frame is affected by multipath propagation in the wireless medium is determined based on frequency power and linear phase of the frame, which can be calculated using frequency domain processing. Based on the degree to which the frame is affected, a time of arrival calculation for the frame can be compensated for effects related to the multipath propagation. By so doing, the effects of multipath propagation can be addressed without time domain processing, which is typically complex and more expensive to implement.

Abstract: In a coordinated multipoint system, geographically distributed base transceiver stations employ overlapping coverage areas in a Radio Access Network (RAN) to serve multiple User Equipments (UEs). A fronthaul network communicatively couples the base transceiver stations to a central processor. The central processor comprises a cooperative multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) processor configured to select multiple antennas residing on multiple ones of the base transceiver stations to serve each of the UEs; compute baseband pre-coding weights for signals to be transmitted by the antennas, the baseband pre-coding weights computed from RAN channel state information between the antennas and the UEs; and coordinate transmissions of pre-coded signals from the antennas to exploit multipath in the RAN to coherently combine at each of the UEs. Since each UE can be provided with its own localized coherence zone, this enables the UEs to concurrently employ the same frequency spectrum.

Abstract: A signal is emitted by an unrelated, non-cooperating party. The SA scans this spectrum, and selects and filters to a portion of the signal emitted. The SA, using its internal clock, time tags a sequence of peaks of the time domain of the filtered signal. The SA sends (over the internet or other method) the time tagged peaks, frequency and location of the emission to the IN. The IN receives the message from the SA. It compares the peaks with its own data, collected using its local antenna at the specified frequency. The IN uses its location, and the location encoded in the message, to compute the different time of arrival of the signal, and uses the locally found peaks at that frequency to determine a “phase shift.” The phase shift is used to calculate the local clock skew. The SA repeats step 2, selecting a different frequency.

Abstract: In order to improve cell detection in NR, a user equipment apparatus performs a PSS search on a first frequency raster from a group of frequency rasters. When the UE detects a PSS on the first frequency raster corresponding to a PSS hypothesis, the UE searches for an SS on a second frequency raster based at least on part on the detected PSS hypothesis on the first frequency raster. The UE may search for a plurality of hypotheses of the SS corresponding to the detected PSS hypothesis on the first frequency raster and the second frequency raster. The second frequency raster may be selected from the group of frequency rasters based at least in part on the detected PSS hypothesis or the first frequency raster on which the PSS was detected.

Abstract: A wireless device network comprises: an unsynchronized wireless device in a time division multiple access based system; and a cognitive master in communication with the device, wherein the master processor is configured to: determine a number of time slots required for the master to transmit a message to and receive a response from the device, each time slot is a portion of a radio frequency spectrum over a frame period; when the number of time slots required are consecutively available, broadcast an announcement message indicating start of discovery of the unsynchronized device; wherein the device processor is configured to: generate a response message including a device ID; and broadcast the response message to the master; wherein the master processor is configured to: generate a correction factor based on at least one of a master transmit time and a master received time; and broadcast the correction factor to the device.

Abstract: A transmission apparatus that produces, generates and/or transmits a unipolar signal representative of an original bipolar signal having one or more data frames, wherein each of the one or more frames of the original bipolar signal are converted into and/or transmitted as a plurality of unipolar portions, frames or frame portions of one or more information streams; and the transmission apparatus is configured to concurrently transmit the one or more information streams and at least one other information stream. Preferably, the different information streams are transmitted simultaneously on the same channel/link. Advantageously, one or more of the information streams are optionally arranged such that the interference due to the at least one other information stream on the at least one information stream does not adversely affect the information carried in the at least one information stream. The present invention also includes a corresponding receiver, system device and methods.

Abstract: Disclosed is a relay for a simultaneous data transmission using multiple networks including: a connection control unit configured to control a terminal equipment to connect to multiple networks, when sensing entrance of the terminal equipment currently connected with a macro base station of the mobile communication network into simultaneous transmission service coverage serviced by the multiple networks, at least one of the multiple networks including at least one micro base station; and a relay processing unit configured to partition data transmitted or received to/from the terminal equipment into partial data corresponding to each of the multiple networks, and transmit and/or receive the partitioned partial data through each of the multiple networks.

Abstract: A distributed electromagnetic method synchronization system and method involving a satellite communication and navigation system. The method includes the following steps: the transmitter and the receiver establish connection with the satellite respectively to realize the position and time synchronization; the transmitter and the receiver acquire the second-pulse-signal, and according to the second-pulse-signal to adjust their own temperature compensation crystal, so that the frequency reaches the preset value; in the field of operation, the transmitter and receiver through the satellite mutual communication, timely adjustment of the operation process. In the above-mentioned way, the communication function can be set in one place to facilitate the timely adjustment of the data acquisition process so as to ensure the quality of the collected data and improve the efficiency of the field operation.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a secure one-step IEEE 1588 clock using either a symmetric or asymmetric protection scheme. Clocks of mission-critical or highly-available devices in industrial automation systems connected to a communication network are synchronized by sending, by a master clock, a synchronization message, e.g., a single message of the one-step-clock type according to IEEE 1588, including a time stamp, and by receiving and evaluating, by a slave clock, the synchronization message. A synchronization component or module of the master clock prepares, or composes, prior to a projected send time, a synchronization message including a time stamp of the projected send time, and secures the synchronization message in advance of the projected send time. Securing the synchronization message occurs by suitable cryptographic means allowing for authentication of the time stamp at a receiving slave clock. At the projected send time, the secured synchronization message is transmitted.

Abstract: Embodiments provided herein are directed to an ultra-wide broadband system configured to produce positioning estimates for a user device. To ensure the high quality of this positioning service, the ultra-wide broadband system is configured to prevent signal collision, and eliminate the need for inconvenient cable connections for base station deployment. Further, the one way communication nature of the ultra-wide broadband system enables low power operation of the user device.

Abstract: Example apparatus and methods concern a first off-the-shelf device (e.g., game console, laptop) that may lack a sensor interacting with a second off-the-shelf device(s) (e.g., smart phone, tablet) that has a sensor. The first device may ask remote devices to expose sensors, may select a remote device and sensor to work with, may control communications between the devices and may use the sensor data provided by the second data to run an application on the first device. The application may be acquired from a consumer-oriented application repository, may require sensor data, and may run unmodified on the first device due to the availability of the sensor data from the second device. The combination of devices improves the capability of the first device, saves energy, and reduces computing complexity. A game console or application written for the game console may perform better using sensor data from a remote device.

Abstract: A technique includes (i) receiving a first pilot signal from a base station via a receiver of a client device, or (ii) transmitting a second pilot signal from the client device to the base station via a transmitter of the client device. First time differences and signal quality values for N samples of N respective packets in the first pilot signal are determined. Second time differences and signal quality values are received via the receiver. The second time differences and signal quality values are generated for M samples of M respective packets in the second pilot signal. An offset value is determined based on (i) the first time differences and signal quality values, or (ii) the second time differences and signal quality values. Activation or deactivation times of the receiver or the transmitter or transmission times of the transmitter are adjusted based on the offset value.

Abstract: A load controller is connected with a residential electric load to regulate electric power drawn by the load from a residential a.c. electric power distribution system via power input terminals of the load. A voltmeter is connected to measure voltage at the power input terminals, and an ammeter is connected to measure electric current at the power input terminals. A microprocessor or microcontroller is programmed to compute a source impedance of the power distribution system as seen from the power input terminals using measured voltage and electric current at the power input terminals. The source impedance may be computed by determining an equivalent source voltage as equal to measured voltage at the power input terminals when the electric current at the power input terminals is zero, and computing the source impedance from measured non-zero electric current at the power input terminals in combination with at least the equivalent source voltage.

Abstract: Provided is a communication apparatus usable for any case where a time synchronization function is necessary or unnecessary by attaching or detaching a synchronization model for realizing the time synchronization function. A clock generation unit, a logic circuit unit including a synchronization module monitoring unit, a clock selection unit, and a main circuit unit configured by a switch LSI are integrally formed on the same substrate, and the synchronization module is detachably mounted on the substrate via connectors. The connectors each have a mounting determination pin that indicates a different signal level depending on whether the synchronization module is mounted. The synchronization module monitoring unit monitors connection signals indicating signal levels of the mounting determination pin, and causes the clock selection unit to select a synchronization clock when the synchronization module is mounted, and an internal clock when the synchronization module is not mounted.

Abstract: A method begins by a processing module of a computing device receiving a most current revision value for a data element, where a revision value for the data element is generated based on a current time of a storing device. The method continues with the processing module generating a new revision value for a currently revised version of the data element based on a current time of the computing device and comparing the current time of the new revision value with the current time of the most current revision value. When the current time of the new revision value precedes the current time of the most current revision value, the method continues with the processing module adjusting the new revision value to produce an adjusted revision value and facilitating storage of the currently revised version of the data element having the adjusted revision value.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a devices and methods related to satellite information broadcasting. Example embodiments may include frequency shifting an intermediate frequency (IF) signal down-conversion from the microwave-band. As an example, down-conversion involving local oscillators may lead to frequency drift due to varying temperature and/or humidity conditions. Correcting for the frequency drift may provide an opportunity to remove or filter excess bandwidth. Further embodiments may include receiving, in a tuning request, information about a transponder type. A frequency translation module may be adjusted based, at least in part, on the transponder type related to the IF signal being input into the frequency translation module. Such frequency-shifting and transponder-specific filtering may allow Single-Wire Multiswitch (SWM) devices to provide output signals with narrower bandwidth, which may improve signal quality, cable run length, reduce power demands, etc.

Abstract: Self-coexistence of first and second wireless communication networks (200) is improved by transmitting a coexistence beacon from a first station (210, 220) of the first wireless communication network (200) to a first station (210, 220) of the second wireless communication network (200. The coexistence beacon includes information about a traffic reservation of the first station (210, 220) of the first wireless communication network (200). The first station (210, 220) of the second wireless communication network (200) may then use this information in a variety of ways to reduce data collisions between the two networks (200). It can communicate this information to a base station (210) of the second wireless communication network (200). The base station (210) of the second wireless communication network (200) can then use this information to more efficiently allocate frequency channels and/or time slots for future traffic reservations of the first station (220) of the second wireless communication network (200).

Abstract: A system and method for charging a wireless device is described. A charging apparatus includes a power delivery circuit to provide power to the wireless device and a wireless radio to communicate wirelessly with the wireless device. For example, the information about the wireless device may include at least a device type. The charging apparatus further includes a controller to receive information about the wireless device via the wireless radio and to control an amount of current provided by the power delivery circuit, when powering the wireless device, based at least in part on the received information. For example, the controller may determine that the device type is one of a plurality of recognized device types and subsequently enable the power delivery circuit to provide an amount of current to the wireless device that is optimized for the device type.