Abstract: An anatomical imaging system of the sort having a fixed gantry and a rotating disc, with an adjustable angle of tilt and increased structural integrity, and with improved power transmission and position sensing.

Abstract: A component imaging system having at least one x-ray tube and an x-ray detector comprises a rotatable platform positioned between the x-ray tube and the x-ray detector. The rotatable platform is rotatable about a first rotational axis. A turntable is mounted on top of the rotatable platform. The turntable comprises: a stage platform for holding a component having an area of interest, the area of interest having a rotational axis; and a mounting plate rotating with the rotatable platform about the first rotational axis. The stage platform is movable in at least a first direction from a starting position to an imaging position to align the rotational axis of the area of interest with the rotational axis of the rotatable platform.

Abstract: A computerized tomographic image exposure and reconstruction method wherein an object is subjected to irradiation during a relative movement of a source of radiation, the object, and a radiation detector and wherein a digital representation of the radiation image of the object is computed by applying a tomographic reconstruction algorithm to image data read out of the irradiated radiation detector. A number of projection images are generated, each of the projection images being generated by integrating X-ray beams continuously emitted during the relative movement through a predefined movement path, and the created projection images are modeled in a tomographic reconstruction algorithm.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for determining characteristics of an intraoral dental imaging sensor. A method includes providing an intraoral dental imaging sensor having a housing and a magnetic field sensor disposed in or on the housing, placing the intraoral dental imaging sensor in a holder, positioning the intraoral dental imaging sensor and at least part of the holder in a mouth of a patient, attaching a reference magnet to the patient, receiving, by an electronic processor, magnetic field data from the magnetic field sensor, determining, by the electronic processor, information including a position of the intraoral dental imaging sensor in the mouth of the patient based at least in part on the magnetic field data, and detecting x-rays by the intraoral dental imaging sensor to produce image data.

Abstract: A system is described herein. The system includes a first transceiver mounted on a rotating assembly arranged on an axis, and a semi-echoic corridor mounted on a stationary assembly which is arranged proximate to the rotating assembly and arranged on the axis, wherein the semi-echoic corridor comprises a slot configured to accommodate the first transceiver of the rotating assembly. The system also includes a second transceiver arranged on the stationary assembly, wherein the first and second transceivers enable wireless communication between the rotating assembly and the stationary assembly.

Abstract: An imaging module includes a plurality of cathodes and respective gates, each cathode configured to generate a separate beam of electrons directed across a vacuum chamber and each gate matched to at least one respective cathode to enable and disable each separate beam of electrons from being directed across the vacuum chamber. A target anode is fixed within the vacuum chamber and arranged to receive the separate beam of electrons from each of the plurality of cathodes and, therefrom, generate a beam of x-rays. A deflection system is arranged between the plurality of cathodes and the target anode to generate a variable magnetic field to control a path followed by each of the separate beams of electrons to the target anode.

Abstract: An X-ray detector has a first detector module, a second detector module and manipulation means. The first detector module includes a first detection region arranged in a first detection plane, the second detector module includes a second detection region arranged in a second detection plane, which is adjacent to the first detection region. The manipulation means is configured to orient the first detection plane of the first detector module and the second detection plane of the second detector module to each other such that a first normal to surface of the first detection plane and a second normal to surface of the second detection plane intersect within a reference region.

Abstract: The invention discloses a scanning method and apparatus suitable for scanning a pipeline or process vessel in which a beam of gamma radiation from a source is emitted through the vessel to be detected by an array of detectors which are each collimated to detect radiation over a narrow angle relative to the width of the emitted radiation beam.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a CT security inspection system for baggage. The CT security inspection system comprises a scanning passage through which a baggage enters and exits the CT security inspection system for baggage, an X-ray source provided at one side of the scanning passage, and, a gantry provided at an opposite side of the scanning passage, and on which a plurality of detector units are mounted. In each of the detector units, a vertex point of at least one detector unit is positioned in a detector unit distribution circle with its center at a center of the scanning passage, and the detector units are arranged successively. All the detector crystal receiving faces of the plurality of detector units are within a scope of radiating ray beams with their center at the target of the X-ray source.

Abstract: An X-ray transmission inspection apparatus includes: an X-ray source configured to irradiate a sample with an X-ray; a detector configured to be disposed on a side opposite to the X-ray source with respect to the sample and to detect the X-ray which is transmitted through the sample using a phosphor; a shield member configured to be arranged to face a detection surface of the detector and to block a part of X-rays to partially form a shield area from the X-rays on the detection surface; and a shield moving mechanism configured to move the shield member relative to the detector to enable change of a position of the shield area.

Abstract: The present invention prevents aliasing of the X-ray detector from lowering the spatial resolution and enhances the precision of measurement in an X-ray CT device. This has the effect of making it possible to measure finer structures, such as blood vessels, and enhance the diagnostic capability, without having to increase the subject's exposure in, for example, medical CT.

Abstract: A modular X-ray computed tomography (XCT) system having a higher degree of modularity provides experimental versatility and in situ capabilities. The modular XCT system includes interchangeable X-ray sources and detectors that allow for the XCT system to be readily adapted to different imaging tasks, such as those that may require different trade-offs between spatial resolution, exposure time, power, and other scanning parameters.

Abstract: A CT system and method thereof are discloses. The system includes: a fixed multi-plane multi-source X-ray generation device and a control system thereof that provide X-ray source used in luggage inspection; a single-energy, pseudo-dual-energy or spectral detector system and data transfer system that receive perspective data of X ray penetrating the luggage, and transfer the data to a computer for processing; a conveyor and a control system thereof that control a speed for moving the luggage forth and back, and perform tomogram scanning; and a host computer system that performs tomogram reconstruction and provides man-machine interaction. The system takes full advantage of characteristics, such as high speed and stability, brought by the distributed ray sources which replace the normal slip ring technology. The system also adopts the idea of inverse-geometry CT, and reduces detector area and cost by increasing the number of ray sources.

Abstract: A detection apparatus for detecting high energy radiation, preferably for detecting gamma radiation, coming from a source of high energy radiation in a detection volume, e.g. from one or more particles emitting high energy radiation. The apparatus comprises at least one detection surface configured to convert incident high energy radiation into a detection signal, and a collimator system comprising at least three collimator slits. Each collimator slit is arranged to project high energy radiation coming from a respective slit field of view of said detection volume onto said detection surface. At least two of said collimator slits extend in non-parallel directions and the respective slit fields of view of said at least two non-parallel collimator slits and the slit field of view of any other of said at least three collimator slits overlap and define a common detection volume of the detection apparatus.

Abstract: Radiation scanning systems providing multiple views of an object in different planes and a reconstruction algorithm for reconstructing quasi-three-dimensional images from a limited number of views. A system may include bend magnets to direct accelerated charged particles to multiple targets in different viewing locations. Another system collimates radiation generated by a plurality of radiation sources into multiple beams for scanning an object at multiple angles. The object may be a cargo container, for example. The reconstruction algorithm uses an optimization algorithm and imaging and feasibility models to reconstruct quasi-three-dimensional images from the limited number of views.

Abstract: A x-ray apparatus of the present application comprises: a vacuum box which is sealed at its periphery, and the interior thereof is high vacuum; a plurality of electron transmitting units arranged in a linear array and installed on the wall at one end within the vacuum box, each electron transmitting unit is independent to each other; the electron transmitting unit having: a heating filament; a cathode connected to the heating filament; a grid arranged above the cathode opposing the cathode; anode made of metal and installed at the other end of the vacuum box, and in the direction of length, the anode is parallel to the plane of the grid of the electron transmitting unit, and in the direction of width, the anode has a predetermined angle with respect to the plane of the grid of the electron transmitting unit.

Abstract: A large format array is described having a series of smaller arrays daisy chained together to form the larger array. The smaller arrays are mounted on a base plate that may be of a non planar configuration. The daisy chaining together of the smaller arrays enables a smaller number of connections to be made to the external interface via connections.

Abstract: The invention is a tomographic apparatus, in particular for examining a brain or a limb of a human and/or a primate animal, the apparatus (10) comprising an examination space (16) adapted for receiving a subject of a tomographic examination, and a PET ring (12) and a second imaging arrangement, being arranged around the examination space (16) in a substantially coaxial manner. The tomographic apparatus according to the invention comprises a PET ring (12) being displaceable between a PET operational state and a PET non-operational state, and comprises a second imaging arrangement adapted for being brought from a second imaging non-operational state to a second imaging operational state in the PET non-operational state of the PET ring (12).

Abstract: A CT system is disclosed for generating tomographic recordings of an examination object. In an embodiment, the CT system includes at least a gantry with a rotatable support for receiving components of the CT system, and a cooling system for cooling the components secured to the gantry with at least one air duct. In at least one embodiment, an incoming-air duct of the cooling system is divided into at least two segments to ensure uniform pressure distribution in the incoming-air duct.

Abstract: A device for testing a tyre (2) for representing tomographical images of sections of a casing of the tyre includes a source (11) of ionizing radiation arranged outside the tyre (2) and a detector (12) for receiving the radiation. The detector (12) is situated opposite the source (11) with respect to at least one section of the casing. The axis (X-X) of the tyre runs parallel to a sectional plane (P) passing through the focus (F) of the source (11) and the detector (12). The tyre and the source-detector assembly are moved with rotational motion relative to one another about an axis of rotation (Z-Z) perpendicular to the sectional plane (P), according to a predetermined angular excursion range. The detector (12) is disposed in a central internal zone (20) of the tyre (2) during the testing cycle.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, the x-ray apparatus includes an x-ray source adapted to emit an x-ray beam and a detector adapted to receive the x-ray beam of the x-ray source. The x-ray source is adapted to be moved in relation to a first portion of the x-ray apparatus and the detector is adapted to be moved in relation to a first portion of the x-ray apparatus. A control unit controls the movement of the x-ray source and detector. The x-ray source and the detector are adapted to rotate in relation to a first portion of the x-ray apparatus. Further, the x-ray beam is directed essentially towards the detector during the movement of the x-ray source and the detector.

Abstract: In an X-ray CT apparatus, a tube current value calculation unit calculates a tube current value of an X-ray tube based on a successive approximation process condition and based on an input scanning condition and/or a reconstruction condition. A scanning control unit performs scanning based on the calculated tube current value of the X-ray tub, and an image reconstruction unit reconstructs a tomographic image of an object, in accordance with the selected successive approximation process condition and the reconstruction condition. The tomographic image is reconstructed from an amount of transmitted X-rays detected by an X-ray detector after being emitted from an X-ray source to the object, in accordance with the calculated tube current value of the X-ray tube, and being transmitted through the object.

Abstract: An X-ray examination station includes a first source of X-ray radiation for whole body scanning of a human body using a first fan beam of X-ray radiation; a first vertical linear radiation detector configured to detect the first fan beam; a second source of X-ray radiation installed at mid-height of a person being examined, for scanning a central portion of the human body using a second fan beam of X-ray radiation; a second vertical detector of X-ray radiation configured to detect the second fan beam; and a control unit configured to turn on each of the X-ray radiation sources. The first and the second radiation fan beams are emitted in parallel planes. The first X-ray radiation source is turned on for the whole body scanning. The second X-ray radiation source is turned on for scanning the torso portion of the body.

Abstract: This invention relates to MEMS X-ray sources based on carbon nanotube coated with metal oxides and metal oxide crystals and insulated with parylene for parallel microbeam intraoperative 100 to 1,000 Gy radiation therapies with minimal toxicity to normal tissue. It sterilizes cancer stem cells that cause tumor recurrence and metastasis. It generates high brightness, 10,000 to 20,000 Gy/s radiations that is closer to synchrotron radiation's dose rate. The parallel microbeam generating X-ray sources are microfabricated with CNT and its variant herringbone, stacked carbon nanotube. They are implantable or contact therapy X-ray sources. Each microfocus carbon nanotube based X-ray source is capable of switching a series of parallel microbeam simultaneously or in sequence. The 100-1,000 Gy single fraction radiosurgery exposes tumor antigens that induce local and systemic tumor immunity. It avoids adaptive resistance to radiation therapy as with 2 Gy daily fractionated radiation therapies that lasts several weeks.

Abstract: According to some embodiments, an image processor includes a perspective image generator, a perspective image acquirer, a corresponding point acquirer, a first calculator and a display image generator. The first calculator updates the position of the one or more first corresponding point on the first perspective image, based on a difference in position between the first and second perspective images. The display image generator generates a first display image including the first and second perspective images, the one or more first corresponding points updated on the first perspective image, and the one or more second corresponding points on the second perspective image. The perspective image generator changes the first direction into a third direction based on the difference in position between the first and second perspective images, and generates an updated one, viewed in the third direction, of the first perspective image.

Abstract: Methods, systems, computer-readable media, and apparatuses for isolating a desired GNSS signal from a plurality of GNSS signals with the same code are presented. In some embodiments, a method may comprise receiving, by a mobile device, the plurality of GNSS signals, wherein the plurality of GNSS signals include the desired GNSS signal. Subsequently, the method may comprise processing the received plurality of GNSS signals to a down-converted signal, wherein the down-converted signal has a lower frequency than the desired GNSS signal, and wherein the down-converted signal includes a first channel associated with a non-zero frequency. Moreover, the method may comprise processing the down-converted signal to offset the first channel by an offset frequency corresponding to a fraction of the first channel to create an offset down-converted signal. Furthermore, the method may comprise determining the desired GNSS signal from the offset down-converted signal based on the offset frequency.

Abstract: A system for the automated serial testing and/or measuring of a plurality of substantially identical components by X-radiation, the system comprising a testing device with a support, a rotor mounted so as to be continuously rotatable on the support, and an X-ray device disposed on the rotor, a protective enclosure surrounding the testing device, a handling device for handling a component during X-ray testing, and a control/evaluation unit configured for automatically controlling the system as well as evaluating the X-ray signals by computer tomography. The handling device is configured for periodically reciprocating between a loading region and a testing region and comprises an end face element on which the component can be disposed on the side of the end face.

Abstract: An X-ray tube includes an emitter, and an electrode assembly. The emitter is configured to emit an electron beam toward a target. The electrode assembly includes at least one electrode having a bias voltage with respect to the emitter. At least one electrode of the electrode assembly is a segmented electrode including a plurality of segments. The plurality of segments includes a first member and a second member. The first member is configured to have a first bias voltage and the second member is configured to have a second bias voltage that is different from the first bias voltage.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a system and method for X-ray imaging wherein a targeted fluence at the detector for projection images can be achieved at a plurality of projection angles around the imaging subject by control of exposure times implemented during image acquisition. Exposure time for a second projection image may be determined by the fluence in a first projection image, and in a third projection image by the fluence in a second projection image, where projection images are acquired within two degrees of one another. An acquisition parameter calculation can be configured to calculate acquisition parameters, such as said exposure times, to achieve the targeted fluence in projection images and can be coupled to a rotation controller that implements the acquisition parameters by controlling a relative angle between the imaging subject and X-ray image acquisition device.

Abstract: A computed tomography (CT) apparatus including: an X-ray source configured to direct X-rays toward a detector assembly; a dynamic beam collimator fixed in space and configured to dynamically limit an X-ray beam directed toward an object of interest, the dynamic beam collimator including a plurality of leaflets to block a cone beam of X-rays impinging upon the dynamic beam collimator, wherein a subset of the plurality of leaflets opens and closes to block or allow a portion of the cone beam of X-rays to reduce or increase a solid angle of the cone beam, wherein the cone beam of X-rays with the reduced solid angle is directed toward a predetermined portion of the object of interest; and the detector assembly configured to detect the directed cone beam of X-rays on a side opposite to the X-ray source.

Abstract: The present invention provides a multi-view X-ray inspection system. In one embodiment, a beam steering mechanism directs the electron beam from an X-ray source to multiple production targets which generate X-rays for scanning which are subsequently detected by a plurality of detectors to produce multiple image slices (views). The system is adapted for use in CT systems. In one embodiment of a CT system, an electron beam generated by a single radiation source is steered by an electron beam transport mechanism comprising at least two dipoles and a quadrupole on to a target arranged in an approximated arc. The inspection system, in any configuration, can be deployed inside a vehicle for use as a mobile detection system.

Abstract: Disclosed are a collimator and an inspecting system using the same. According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a collimator for setting a radiation irradiation range, the collimator comprising: a shielding portion blocking the radiation; and a block portion comprising a plurality of unit pieces which can be opened or closed to selectively transmit the radiation.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling movement of a plurality of fixed detectors arranged in a computed tomography (CT) system that includes a rotating X-ray source. The method including obtaining a view angle of the X-ray source, determining a tilt angle for a detector of the plurality of detectors that is within a scan field-of-view of the X-ray source at the obtained view angle so that an outer face of the detector directly faces the X-ray source, and causing the detector to be moved to the determined tilt angle.

Abstract: There is provided a received data processing apparatus of photoacoustic tomography including a minimum constitution unit data composition unit that sequentially reads receiving digital signals from first storage units and composes minimum constitution unit data of the acoustic wave of the minimum constitution units by performing a delay-and-sum processing. A second storage unit stores the minimum constitution unit data of the entire region of the specimen, and an image construction unit constructs an image of the specimen based on the minimum constitution unit data stored in the second storage unit. A control unit sequentially stores the minimum constitution unit data calculated by the minimum constitution unit data composition unit in the second storage unit and reads the stored minimum constitution unit data of the entire region of the specimen to transmit the minimum constitution unit data to the image construction unit.

Abstract: A device for mounting and driving a tiltable part of a gantry of a computed tomography system with respect to a pedestal of the gantry around a system axis of the pedestal, has a magnetic bearing that magnetically supports the tiltable part relative to the pedestal, and an electromagnetic drive that electromagnetically tilts the tiltable part of the gantry relative to the pedestal.

Abstract: A radiation shield is fixed to scanning equipment at a location that attenuates a moving beam of radiation only while the beam passes over a relatively vulnerable portion, especially anterior portion, of the patient's body. Such an in-plane shield can be selective as to radiation wavelength attenuation. As an example, for scanners that use X-rays, the low energy portion of the spectrum can be selectively blocked while the high energy portion of the spectrum passes through to the patient and detector. When embodied in a CT X-ray scanner, the selective attenuation can be achieved with a thin slice bismuth shield/filter permanently installed on at least the anterior quadrant of the gantry, preferably on a span of approximately about 140 deg. in registry with the circular path of the source.

Abstract: A device for mounting and driving a rotatable part of a gantry of a computed tomography system with respect to a stationary part of the gantry around a system axis of the stationary part, has a magnetic bearing that magnetically supports the rotatable part relative to the stationary part, and an electromagnetic drive that drives the rotatable part of the gantry relative to the stationary part.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for analyzing internal density of material by using X-ray computed tomography, comprising the steps of installing a cylinder-shaped jig between an x-ray generator and an x-ray detector, inserting a material to be analyzed and a plurality of standard specimens whose densities are known into the inside of the cylinder-shaped jig, performing X-ray computed tomography while rotating the cylinder-shaped jig through 360°, and calculating the internal density of distribution of the material to be analyzed by using the X-ray intensities shown in the x-ray tomography image. By using the method of the present invention, X-ray tomography image is converted to the image showing the internal density distribution of the material, improving the qualitative decision by naked eye by providing quantitative decision method.

Abstract: The present invention provides for an improved scanning process with a stationary X-ray source arranged to generate X-rays from a plurality of X-ray source positions around a scanning region, a first set of detectors arranged to detect X-rays transmitted through the scanning region, and at least one processor arranged to process outputs from the first set of detectors to generate tomographic image data. The X-ray screening system is used in combination with other screening technologies, such as NQR-based screening, X-ray diffraction based screening, X-ray back-scatter based screening, or Trace Detection based screening.

Abstract: A CBCT system is described that includes a radiation source for emitting a cone beam of radiation in a beam direction towards an object, a detector for detecting the cone beam of radiation, and a positioner for moving the radiation source and the object according to a scanning trajectory. The system is operated according to a sampling pattern that includes intersections of the scanning trajectory and a reconstruction trajectory, wherein motion of the radiation source is substantially confined to a spherical shell. The positioner moves the radiation source at a speed higher than a highest speed of the object by a factor of at least 10. The largest angular discrepancy between any vector in a range of the scanning trajectory and the nearest sample of the scanning trajectory does not exceed 10°, preferably 6° and more preferably 3°.

Abstract: Disclosed is a computed tomography (CT) system which includes a rotatable collimator. The CT system includes a gantry. The gantry includes an X-ray source that generates X-rays, a collimator that is provided inside the X-ray source to be rotatable and that limits an irradiation area of the X-rays generated by the X-ray source, and an X-ray detector that is provided at a side portion of the X-ray source.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating X-rays that can acquire an X-ray image of a subject at a high speed are provided. When a CT system checks a subject, the CT system can acquire an X-ray image of the subject through rotating X-rays that are emitted from the X-ray generating apparatus and thus an X-ray image of the subject can be obtained in various angles. Further, because it is unnecessary for the X-ray generating apparatus or the subject to move relative to each other, an X-ray image can be acquired at a high speed and thus a subject can be rapidly checked.

Abstract: These various embodiments serve to facilitate improving the accuracy of a computed tomography (CT) process. This can comprise operably coupling at least one calibration phantom to a CT scan table and then, during a CT scan of an object that is disposed on the scan table, also gathering calibration information using that calibration phantom(s). By one approach, this calibration phantom can comprise one or more annular-shaped members. When using a plurality of annular-shaped members, at least some of the annular-shaped members can be disposed concentrically with one another. By one approach, in lieu of the foregoing or in combination therewith, this calibration phantom can comprise one or more pins and/or spherically-shaped members (and/or other shapes of geometric interest). If desired, such spherically-shaped members can be combined with the aforementioned pins.

Abstract: A stationary CT apparatus and a method of controlling the same. The stationary CT apparatus includes: a scanning passage; a stationary carbon nanotube X-ray source arranged around the scanning passage and comprising a plurality of ray emission focal spots; and a plurality of stationary detector modules arranged around the scanning passage and disposed opposite the X-ray source. At least some of the plurality of detector modules are arranged in a substantially L shape or a substantially ? shape when viewed in a plane intersecting the scanning passage. Reconstruction of the CT apparatus without a rotary gantry is achieved and special substances in an object under inspection is identified by optimizing design of the carbon nanotube X-ray source and the detector device. The invention ensures that the stationary gantry type CT system has a small size and a high accuracy and is particularly suitable for safety inspection of baggage.

Abstract: A CT apparatus without a gantry. The CT apparatus includes a scanning passage; a stationary X-ray source arranged around the scanning passage and including a plurality of ray emission focal spots; and a plurality of stationary detector modules arranged around the scanning passage and disposed opposite the X-ray source. At least some of the plurality of detector modules may be arranged substantially in an L shape, a semicircular shape, a U shape, an arc shape, a parabolic shape, or a curve shape when viewed in a plane intersecting the scanning passage. The invention ensures that the stationary gantry type CT system has a small size, and a high data identification accuracy.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for reconstructing image data of an examination object from measurement data of a computed tomography system, the examination object having been irradiated simultaneously by a number of X-ray sources while the measurement data was being acquired so that different projections of the examination object associated with the number of X-ray sources were acquired simultaneously for each detector element. In at least one embodiment, different iteration images of the examination object are determined one after the other from the measurement data by way of an iterative algorithm, a computation operation being employed with the iterative algorithm, which is applied to the iteration images and takes the presence of the number of X-ray sources into account.

Abstract: A method for imaging an object is provided. The method includes acquiring tomographic image data of the object at a plurality of frequencies, generating a composite image of the object at each of the plurality of frequencies using the acquired tomographic image data, determining a scaling factor for a first material at each of the plurality of frequencies, determining a scaling factor for a second material at each of the plurality of frequencies, and decomposing the composite images into a first discrete image and a second discrete image using the determined scaling factors, wherein the first discrete image contains any region of the object composed of the first material and the second discrete image contains any region of the object composed of the second material.

Abstract: The invention comprises an X-ray tomography method and apparatus used in conjunction with multi-axis charged particle or proton beam radiation therapy of cancerous tumors. In various embodiments, 3-D images are generated from a series of 2-D X-rays images; the X-ray source and detector are stationary while the patient rotates; the 2-D X-ray images are generated using an X-ray source proximate a charged particle beam in a charged particle cancer therapy system; and the X-ray tomography system uses an electron source having a geometry that enhances an electron source lifetime, where the electron source is used in generation of X-rays. The X-ray tomography system is optionally used in conjunction with systems used to both move and constrain movement of the patient, such as semi-vertical, sitting, or laying positioning systems. The X-ray images are optionally used in control of a charged particle cancer therapy system.

Abstract: A pinhole detection system of a fuel cell element unit including a density measurement module that calculates a density of a fuel cell element unit using weight and volume data measured from electronic weight balance and 3D scan type volume integrator. Photon energy ranges of X-ray beam and window species of the pinhole detection system automatically are selected from Group 1 or Group 2 according to the density reference point for a fuel cell element, and a stage on which a fuel cell element unit is disposed to be detected. A drive portion that moves the stage to rotate the fuel cell element unit. An X-ray source is disposed at one side of the stage to apply X-ray to the fuel cell element unit that rotates. An image detector detects an X-ray penetrating the fuel cell element unit, and a computer tomography that reconstructs a three dimensional tomogram.

Abstract: Apparatus for radiation based imaging of a non-homogenous target area having distinguishable regions therein, comprises: an imaging unit configured to obtain radiation intensity data from a target region in the spatial dimensions and at least one other dimension, and an image four-dimension analysis unit analyzes the intensity data in the spatial dimension and said at least one other dimension in order to map the distinguishable regions. The system typically detects rates of change over time in signals from radiopharmaceuticals and uses the rates of change to identify the tissues. In a preferred embodiment, two or more radiopharmaceuticals are used, the results of one being used as a constraint on the other.