Abstract: A system for processing an information signal comprises a system (1) for scrambling the information signal and at least one system (2) for descrambling the scrambled information signal. The scrambling system (1) comprises means (3,6) for analysing the entropy distribution of the information signal, means (5,6,7,9) for scrambling the information signal in dependence on the entropy distribution of the information signal to provide a scrambled information signal having an entropy distribution corresponding with the entropy distribution of the information signal and means (11) for compressing the scrambled information signal. The descrambling system (2) comprises means (14) for decompressing the compressed scrambled information signal and means (16,19,21,22,24) for descrambling the scrambled information signal to provide the information signal.

Abstract: A method of producing a stream of digital data. The method includes determining a plurality of portions within the stream of digital data, such that a portion of the stream of digital data is encrypted with an encryption key that is capable of being decrypted by a decryption key and the portion including therein another decryption key capable of decrypting a subsequent portion of the stream of digital data, and the subsequent portion of the stream of digital data is encrypted with another encryption key that is capable of being decrypted by the another decryption key. The method also includes transmitting the stream of digital data, including the portion and the subsequent portion.

Abstract: A smartcard for use with a receiver of encrypted broadcast signals comprises a microprocessor for enabling or controlling decryption of said signals. A memory is coupled to the microprocessor. The microprocessor is adapted to enable or control the individual decryption of a plurality of such signals from respective broadcast suppliers of such signals by means of respective dynamically created zones in the memory, the dynamically created zones each being arranged to store decryption data associated with a respective one of said broadcast suppliers.

Abstract: A system for enforcing data stream continuity, in accordance with the present invention, includes a server coupled to a transmission link for providing a data stream to at least one client over the transmission link. The data stream is segmented into units. The server includes a scrambler for encrypting at least one first unit using an encryption key, and a steganographic unit for embedding the encryption key into at least one second unit for the data stream such that steganographic information is needed by the client to determine the encryption key and decipher the data stream.

Abstract: A system and method for handling errors is provided. Errors related to the processing and storage of inverse discrete cosine transform (IDCT) image data cause hardware to become stalled. Stalled hardware may result in multiple image frames being dropped or lost during video playback. To avoid the stalling of hardware, the hardware is used to analyze the data being processed. Data being stored may be analyzed to determine if any error-characteristics, such as overflow or underflow, are present in the storing of the data. The data is manipulated to avoid stalling due to the error-characteristics.

Abstract: A method, system, computer program product, and method of doing business by digitally notarizing a collection of data streams, thereby improving security of the contents of the data streams. Preferably, public key cryptography is used, wherein the collection of data streams is digitally signed (i.e. notarized) using a private cryptographic key of a digital notary, such that an associated public cryptographic key can be used to verify the authenticity and integrity of the collection of data streams. One or more components which are involved in creating the data streams are preferably authenticated, and a unique identifier of each such component is included within cryptographically-protected information that is provided for the digital notarization. The authenticated identities of the components can therefore be determined from the digital notarization.

Abstract: An image indicating a copyright and its related information are set through a setting input means and those settings are stored in a related information storing means in advance. Registration image data is recorded in a detachable registration image data recording medium in advance. When an arbitrary image signal is generated by an image generating means, an image combining control means receives the generated image signal and also receives, via a registration image data input means, the registration image data stored in the registration image data recording medium. Further, the image combining control means generates a registration image signal by referring to the setting information and combines it with the arbitrary image signal. In this state, if no corresponding registration image data exists in the registration image data recording medium, image signal combining is not performed.

Abstract: The present invention is a method and system which extracts, manipulates and embeds data from a compressed and standard compliant video bitstream which may be used for digital rights management, e.g. controlling access to a bitstream or for authenticating a video bitstream. The method embeds binary data bits into compressed and standard compliant video bitstream with minimal visual artifacts. The method first parses the compressed video bitstream and locates coded blocks. The codeword C for the last triplet in the original block(RUNc,LEVELc, LASTc=1) is replaced by the VLC code word C? for the last triplet (RUNC,LEVELC, LASTC?=0). A codeword corresponding to a triplet with LAST=1 is placed after C? whose sign bit “s” can be either 0 or 1 and is an embedded data bit, and can be used for authentication.

Abstract: A method for examining an electronic representation of an item for a watermark, the method including examining at least a first electronic representation of an item for a watermark in accordance with a first watermark definition, receiving a signal indicating that a second watermark definition is to be used for examining electronic representations, and examining at least a second electronic representation of an item for a watermark in accordance with the second watermark definition. Related apparatus and methods are also provided.

Abstract: A device and method thereof for packetizing scalably encoded and progressively encrypted data. The device includes a receiver adapted to receive a stream of data from an encoding and encrypting device, in which some or all of the data are scalably encoded and progressively encrypted. The device also includes a packetizer adapted to packetize some or all of the data into secure and scalable data packets. In one embodiment, the device includes a memory unit for storing the data received from the encoding and encrypting device prior to packetization of the data. In another embodiment, the device includes a memory unit for storing the secure and scalable data packets. In yet another embodiment, the device includes a transmitter for transmitting some or all of the data packets to a downstream device.

Abstract: A non-volatile recording medium for recording a digital audio signal that has been compressed at a compression rate selectable in a predetermined range and block-segmented in a predetermined data length is disclosed, wherein the predetermined data length of which the digital audio data is block-segmented is decided in consideration of the maximum recordable time and the data length of which the digital audio signal is encrypted.

Abstract: A video and graphics system includes a data transport processor for receiving compressed data streams, a video transport processor for extracting video data, and an audio decode processor for extracting audio data. The data transport processor provides PCRs to the video transport processor and the audio decode processor. The video transport-processor stores the video data in external memory and generates a start code table to index the video data stored the external memory. In the start code table SLICEs of the video data are aligned to a suitable boundary. The compressed data streams may include MPEG Transport streams, and the video data may include SDTV or HDTV data. The video and graphics system may be implemented on an integrated circuit chip.

Abstract: A cable television system provides conditional access to services. The cable television system includes a headend from which service “instances”, or programs, are broadcast and a plurality of set top units for receiving the instances and selectively decrypting the instances for display to system subscribers. The service instances are encrypted using public and/or private keys provided by service providers or central authorization agents. Keys used by the set tops for selective decryption may also be public or private in nature, and such keys may be reassigned at different times to provide a cable television system in which piracy concerns are minimized.

Abstract: Method of detecting a watermark embedded in a signal (S), in which a plurality of frames of the signal (S) is combined to a detection set (Dj) for one detection event. According to the invention, the reliability of watermark detection is enhanced by using non-consecutive frames to form the detection set (Dj). The invention also relates to an apparatus (2) for recording and/or playback of a signal, and to a system for broadcast monitoring, comprising such a watermark detector (24).

Abstract: A method and system enables network intermediaries such as proxies to transcode multimedia data without violating end-to-end security guarantees. In one embodiment, a content provider decomposes a data stream into a plurality of components, each of which are independently encrypted. In a preferred embodiment, an intermediary or proxy performs transcoding of the components by prioritizing and dropping predetermined components, in accordance with unencrypted clear-text metadata associated with each component, without the need for decrypting the components. Clear-text metadata preferably provides a semantic understanding of the absolute or relative importance/priority of the components with respect to each other, thereby facilitating the transcoding process. The destination/client device can subsequently decrypt the components transmitted by the transcoding proxy and reassemble them into a representation of the original data content.

Abstract: In order to shorten the time required for encryption and decryption of communication data, the contents of input data are analyzed by a discrimination method such as pattern matching, and in accordance with this analysis result, it is checked whether the received data is particular data. A portion of data judged as the particular data is encrypted and sent to an output buffer, whereas a portion other than the particular portion is not encrypted but is directly sent to the output buffer. Thereafter, the contents in the output buffer are transmitted. The particular data includes a control code of print data, upper bits of image data, predetermined discrete bits of voice data, a conversion tale for compression data, and the like.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for generating multiple scrambling codes in an asynchronous mobile communication system.

Abstract: This invention provides an image transmission device and an image display device capable of preventing easily the image data from being tampered with and of confirming the originality of the image data visually. More specifically, this invention provides an image transmission device and an image display device wherein: the image display device receives the coded-image data transmitted from the image transmission device and the encrypted mark coded-image data, and decrypts the mark image by using the hash value of the decoded image; the mark image connected with the image is output; when even a part of the image is tampered with, the coded-image data of the mark image which is decrypted by using the hash value as a key become different from the coded-image data of the mark image which is not tampered with; and consequently, the mark image finally achieved enables to judge visually and easily whether the image data are tampered with or not.

Abstract: A method and system for providing a hash and a complement of the hash for an item in a computer system are disclosed. The method and system include providing a plurality of components from the item. The plurality of components include a first component and a last component. Each of the plurality of components includes a particular number of bits. The method and system also include cascading the plurality of components through at least one XOR to provide a plurality of resultants. The plurality of resultants includes a first resultant and a final resultant. The final resultant includes only the last component. The first resultant includes an XOR of the first component and remaining cascaded components of the plurality of components. The method and system also include applying an invertible hash function and an invertible hash function complement to at least the first resultant to provide the hash. The complement of the hash includes the plurality of resultants except the first resultant.

Abstract: A digital video communication system includes, at a source site, an embedding circuit for embedding a digital watermark in a digital video stream to produce a watermarked digital video stream, and a multiplexer for multiplexing a text data stream with the watermarked digital video stream to produce a multiplexed signal. At a sink site, the system includes a demultiplexer for demultiplexing the multiplexed signal for recovering a watermarked digital video stream and a text data stream. A digital watermark detector is provided for detecting the digital watermark embedded in the recovered digital video stream. A synchronizer responds to the detected digital watermark for synchronizing the recovered text data stream to the recovered video stream.

Abstract: A computer system and method for storing video data in memory is disclosed. Memory capacity is evaluated. If the memory capacity is sufficient to allow the storing of video data in the mass storage device, then the video data is stored. If the memory capacity available is insufficient to storage the video data and the mass storage device, the oldest stored video data in the mass storage device is identified. The oldest stored video data is then removed from the mass storage device and stored in memory. The video data in memory is then modified to require less space in memory. The new video data and the modified video data are then written to the mass storage device.

Abstract: A system (300, 500) for scrambling digital samples (115, 200, 250, 260, 270) of multimedia data, including audio and video data samples, such that the content of the samples is degraded but still recognizable, or otherwise provided at a desired quality level. The samples may be in any conceivable compressed or uncompressed digital format, including Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) samples, samples in floating point representation, samples in companding schemes (e.g., ?-law and A-law), and other compressed bit streams. The quality level may be associated with a particular signal to noise ratio, or quality level that is determined by objective and/or subjective tests, for example. A number of LSBs can be scrambled in successive samples in successive frames (FRAME A, FRAME B, FRAME C). Moreover, the parameters for scrambling may change from frame to frame. Furthermore, all or part of the scrambling key (310) can be embedded (340) in the scrambled data and recovered at a decoder (400, 600) to be used in descrambling.

Abstract: This invention provides methods and apparatus for protecting data transmitted using standard compression techniques such as Huffman coding. After input data is preprocessed (filtered, quantized, etc.), the data is encoded using a Huffman coder based on Huffman codes or code books which have been scrambled to change the order of the code books and/or codes from established standard Huffman code books and/or codes. When the transmitted information is received by a Huffman code receiver, the received data may be decoded using the scrambled Huffman code book/codes to obtain the data that was transmitted by the transmitter.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus comprises a noise detection means for performing noise detection on an input image; a noise removal means for removing noise from a predetermined region of the input image, on the basis of the result of the noise detection; a counting means for obtaining the ratio of an area targeted for noise removal to the predetermined region of the input image; a statistics calculation means for obtaining the statistics on the ratios obtained by the counting means over a predetermined period of time; an image generation means for generating an image indicating the statistics; and an image composition means for superimposing the image generated by the image generation means on the image outputted from the noise removal means to generate a composite image for display. Therefore, the viewer can easily know how much noise is removed from the predetermined region of the input image, for every predetermined period of time.

Abstract: Digital watermarks are embedded in image data (102)in order to enable authentication of the image data and/or replacement of rejected portions of the image data. Authentication codes are derived by comparing selected discrete cosine transform (DCT) (104) coefficients within DCT data (106) derived from the original, spatial-domain image data. The authentication codes thus generated are embedded in DCT coefficients (612) other than the ones which were used to derive the authentication codes. The resulting, watermarked data can be sent or made available to one or more recipients who can compress or otherwise use the watermarked data. Image data derived from the watermarked data—e.

Abstract: In order to encrypt and decode image data at high speed without providing additional special hardware and placing a heavy load on a CPU, image data 10 is compressed by a compression scheme, and a portion of the compressed data 11 is extracted as encryption key data 12 and the portion, from which the encryption key data 12 is extracted, of the compressed data 11 is changed to zero to convert the compressed data 11 to encrypted data 13. The encrypted data 13 cannot be decoded because data in the beginning portion is corrupted. Moreover, since the decoding of the encrypted data is made impossible by utilizing the property of compressed data, the image data can be encrypted and decoded by a simple processing.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method of encompressing a data stream includes compressing vectors from the data stream using (e.g., transformed with) one or more Multiple Attractor Cellular Automatas (MACAs) and encrypting the compressed vectors using multiple Cellular Automata (CA) transforms. In another embodiment, a system for encompressing a data stream includes a Programmable CA (PCA) operable to receive vectors from the data stream, a program memory and an index memory each operable to communicate with the PCA, and an index register operable to communicate with the index memory. The program memory stores a program that is operable to configure the PCA with a rule vector of a CA and enable the PCA to be run through a number of cycles controlled by the program, a resulting Pseudo-Exhaustive Field (PEF) value being directed to address the index memory. The index memory provides values to the index register, enabling a code-book index to be generated for a token loaded into the PCA.

Abstract: A watermarking system allowing both sufficiently high quality of watermarked moving pictures and enhanced ease of watermark detection is disclosed. A watermark level of a watermark to be embedded into a picture of data is changed depending on the picture type of a selected block of frequency component data, and then a watermark having the watermark level is inserted into the selected block of frequency component data. Therefore, a moving-picture can be effectively embedded with a digital watermark without substantially reducing the quality of image and the digital watermark can be detected reliably. A relative proportion of watermark levels of I-picture, B-picture, and P-picture is preferably set to 10:7:5.

Abstract: At every reproduction of a moving image, a tamper resistant module (TRM) randomly selects any one of plural electronic watermark inserting modules, and incorporates the module selected into an area randomly selected from among plural non-operation (NOP) areas in an MPEG expansion module. The module can be switched for each image in a series of the moving images. Since an algorithm for inserting the electronic watermark differs for each moving image or each image, elimination of the electronic watermark by means of analysis, particularly, complete elimination from all the images, is extremely difficult.

Abstract: On an encrypted object code obtained by encrypting an object code, there is discriminated whether an inhibited code defined in data format is present in a code concerning such encrypted object code, and, in case such inhibited code is judged absent, the encrypted object code is determined as an encryption result of the object code.

Abstract: A method for pruning and grooming DVD content into a format compatible to be viewed over a network is disclosed. The method provides for automated DVD conversion. The method provides for removing and editing DVD content that is not desirable to be delivered over the network and adding and editing additional content that is desirable to be delivered over the network. The method provides for navigational enhancement that provide: tie-ins to on demand portals; key-mapping; button highlighting; intra-menu navigation; inter-menu navigation and DVD disc merge capability.

Abstract: A method of compressing media content in which a first predetermined portion of a media content is compressed using a first data-based compression algorithm and inserted into a first portion of a data frame. A second predetermined portion of the media content is compressed using a second data-based compression algorithm and is inserted into a second portion of the data frame. The second predetermined portion of the media content is different from the first predetermined portion of the media content, and the second data-based compression algorithm is different from the first data-based compression algorithm. At least one of the first and second data-based compression algorithms is a private data-based compression algorithm. A plurality of data frames are generated and are made available for distribution, for example, by transmission over a computer network, such as the Internet.

Abstract: An apparatus of a flexible and common MPEG-2 IPMP system (Intellectual Property Management and Protection) is invented to provide flexibility and interoperability by introducing a IPMP Control Information which includes IPMP Tool List and an optional Tool Container. The IPMP Control Information is put in PSI in MPEG-2 transport stream, and a special PES packet in MPEG-2 program stream. IPMP Stream is defined to carry IPMP information that is to be sent to each individual IPMP tool instance. The concept of Tool Manager, Message Router from MPEG-4 IPMP extension is mapped into MPEG-2 terminal to form MPEG-2 IPMP framework together with introduced IPMP Control Information and IPMP Stream. As a result of this invention, the same protected MPEG-2 content is able to play back by different types of MPEG-2 IPMP terminals, and the same MPEG-2 content can be protected by using different vendors' IPMP system.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for securely transmitting and processing digital image data for display. The invention provides for decomposing, compressing, and scrambling digital image data and forwarding the decomposed, compressed and scrambled image data to a destination where the image data is decompressed, re-composed, and descrambled prior to display. In particular, digital image data is scrambled before or after being compressed and is subsequently descrambled after being decompressed and prior to display such that unauthorized use of the image content is prevented. The invention can be used in conjunction with most standard block-based image compression algorithms such as JPEG as well as some types of wavelet transform based systems.

Abstract: The present invention embeds watermark into quantization indices of the compressed data stream rather than the coefficients, thereby avoiding loss of speed from dequantization or requantization. Further, a heuristic technique is preferably chosen for selecting the indices and respective modification amounts, thereby avoiding the need for comparison with the original signal. Specific to this technique, indices are chosen corresponding to ranges within a sensitive portion of a human sensory range, zero indices are discarded, and a minimum amount is always determined. Still further, the same codebook is used to partially compress and partially decompress the compressed data stream, thereby avoiding complexity associated with multiple searches for optimum codebooks.

Abstract: The objective of the present application is to allow the reception of a flux of compressed data by the use of powerful algorithms on terminals having small cryptographic capacities.

Abstract: The present invention is a system for transmitting a digital signal which includes an encoder, a perceptual encrypting system and a transmitter. The encoder band-compression encodes a first digital signal as encoded data defining an image. The perceptual encrypting system is coupled to the and perceptually encrypts the encoded data to generate restricted video data as perceptually encrypted encoded data. The transmitter is coupled to the perceptual encrypting system and transmits the perceptually encrypted encoded data. A combined receiver and decoder for the restricted video data as perceptually encrypted encoded data includes a receiver and a decoder. The receiver receives the perceptually encrypted encoded data. The decoder is coupled to the receiver and decodes the perceptually encrypted encoded data to generate low quality video.

Abstract: A system for authentication of a digital image includes a signature generator for creating a robust digital signature for an original image based on instrument features of the image. An authentication processor extracts a set of invariant features for the original image from the digital signature, generates a corresponding set of invariant features for the present image to be authenticated and compares the two sets of invariant features to determine whether the image has been subjected to malicious manipulation. The invariant features include the polarity and magnitude of the difference between discrete cosine transform coefficients at corresponding coefficient locations in selected image block pairs. The intensity of the original image is also authenticated by comparing a mean value of coefficient of the original image to the mean value of the coefficient of the present image.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus separates input image data into low resolution image data and one or more auxiliary image data for interpolating the low resolution image data, and decrypts at least one of the separated auxiliary image data. The image processing apparatus also separates input image data into low resolution image data and at least one auxiliary image data for interpolating the low resolution image data and decodes the image data with at least one of the auxiliary image data being encrypted, and decrypts the encrypted auxiliary image data and synthesizes the low resolution image data with the auxiliary image data.

Abstract: An encryption arrangement for multiple encryption of television programs. A system according to embodiments of the present invention multiple encrypts only a portion of the data required for full presentation of a television program to permit coexistence of multiple conditional access encryption systems associated with multiple manufacturer's set-top boxes within a single system. In one embodiment, only critical packets such as those carrying a payload incorporating packetized elementary stream header information is encrypted. By only encrypting a portion of the program, dramatically less bandwidth is consumed than the alternative of multiple encryption of all program data, thus permitting a larger number of programs to be carried over the same bandwidth while permitting coexistence of multiple conditional access systems in a single cable television system.

Abstract: A digital video receiver, a conditional access module and method of transmitting data therebetween, the digital video receiver having a multi line socket for connection to the conditional access module, the socket having a pre-determined plurality of lines for transmitting and receiving transport stream data and a pre-determined plurality of lines for transmitting and receiving control data and resource/application data, the method comprising selectively transmitting resource/application data over the plurality of transport stream lines.

Abstract: A cable television system provides conditional access to services. The cable television system includes a headend from which service “instances”, or programs, are broadcast and a plurality of set top units for receiving the instances and selectively decrypting the instances for display to system subscribers. The service instances are encrypted using public and/or private keys provided by service providers or central authorization agents. Keys used by the set tops for selective decryption may also be public or private in nature, and such keys may be reassigned at different times to provide a cable television system in which piracy concerns are minimized.

Abstract: An encryption arrangement for multiple encryption of television programs. A system according to embodiments of the present invention multiple encrypts only a portion of the data required for full presentation of a television program to permit coexistence of multiple conditional access encryption systems associated with multiple manufacturer's set-top boxes within a single system. PID mapping techniques are used to distinguish between multiple encryptions. By only encrypting a portion of the program, dramatically less bandwidth is consumed than the alternative of multiple encryption of all program data, thus permitting a larger number of programs to be carried over the same bandwidth while permitting coexistence of multiple conditional access systems in a single cable television system.

Abstract: A method and arrangement are disclosed for processing a compressed media signal, for example, embedding a watermark in an MPEG2 video signal. The watermark, a spatial noise pattern (140), is embedded (123) by selectively discarding the smallest quantized DCT coefficients. The discarded coefficients are subsequently merged in the runs of other run/level pairs. To compensate for a too large reduction of the bit rate, some of the new run/level pairs are not variable-length encoded (124) but represented by longer code words according to further coding rule (125) providing such longer code words, for example, MPEG's “Escape coding”.

Abstract: An encryption arrangement for multiple encryption of television programs. A system according to embodiments of the present invention multiple encrypts only a portion of the data required for full presentation of a television program to permit coexistence of multiple conditional access encryption systems associated with multiple manufacturer's set-top boxes within a single system. By only encrypting a portion of the program, dramatically less bandwidth is consumed than the alternative of multiple encryption of all program data, thus permitting a larger number of programs to be carried over the same bandwidth while permitting coexistence of multiple conditional access systems in a single cable television system.

Abstract: A method is described comprising: receiving a broadcast signal containing a plurality of encrypted multimedia channels; storing the encrypted multimedia channels in a first hard drive partition; and decrypting one or more of the encrypted multimedia channels to generate one or more decrypted multimedia channels; and storing the decrypted multimedia channels to a second hard drive partition.

Abstract: A data encoding apparatus, and method and a camera system using the same, improved in speed of processing. The predetermined write addresses in accordance with an input sequence of data are generated corresponding to the data and stored at corresponding addresses of a storage unit, an address the latest in a read sequence from the storage unit among the write addresses of the non-zero data is detected at an EOB (encoding of data block) detection unit, read addresses are sequentially generated, the data is read from the addresses of the storage unit and output to an encoding unit, when the read address and the detection address of the EOB detection unit do not coincide, the data is sequentially encoded at the encoding unit, when they coincide, the data of this address is encoded, a code EOB is generated, and the encoding is terminated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to image processing. In the disclosed method an image area is divided into a plurality of image data blocks. Each of the image data blocks is compressed and stored in a data storage means. Before an image is displayed based on the stored data, at least one of the image data blocks is selectively fetched from the data storage means. After fetching said selected at least one image data block said at least one image data block is decompressed and the image is displayed based on image data included in the fetched image data blocks. In the invention modification to the boundaries of the image area are made by means of the selective fetching without modifying the image data stored in the data storage means.

Abstract: Providing secure content-based user experience enhancement in a player device for rendering digital content includes accepting encrypted digital content, decrypting the encrypted digital content into decrypted digital content, downsampling the decrypted digital content into downsampled digital content; and processing the downsampled digital content by an enhancement module to provide the user experience enhancement. The system protects content being rendered by a player application even when the content is also sent to an enhancement module such as a plug-in. The original content is protected by only transferring a version of the content to the enhancement module that is downsampled. That is, the original high fidelity, high value content is never transferred to the untrusted enhancement module.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus and method performs processing for finding a first image by using a second image having a smaller number of pixels than the first image and a third image having a smaller number of pixels than the second image. The image processing apparatus and method receives the first image, and classifies reference pixels, which are pixels of the first image being referred to, into predetermined classes in accordance with properties of pixels of the second or third image corresponding to the reference pixels.