Abstract: A magnetic circuit system includes a T-shaped yoke, a magnet, and a top plate. The top plate has a center hole, an internal end around the center hole thereof, and two projecting elements provided separately on upper surface and lower surface of the internal end, which improves non-linear distortion of a transducer using the magnetic circuit system.

Abstract: A loudspeaker includes a first bar magnet having a longitudinal direction, a second bar magnet having a longitudinal direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the first bar magnet, a third bar magnet forming a second magnetic gap between the first bar magnet and the third bar magnet, a diaphragm arranged to vibrate in a vibrating direction, a case accommodating the first bar magnet, the second bar magnet, the third bar magnet, and the diaphragm , and the voice coil fixed to the diaphragm and located in the first and second magnetic gaps. The second bar magnet has a longitudinal direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the first bar magnet, and has both ends in the longitudinal direction. The third bar magnet has a longitudinal direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the first bar magnet, and has both ends in the longitudinal direction. The diaphragm is located between the first and second bar magnets and between the first and third bar magnents.

Abstract: A speaker diaphragm is configured by a compound mixed with resin and bamboo fiber. The diaphragm satisfying the advantage of the bamboo fiber of high sound quality and a large degree of freedom in the setting of the characteristic value of the diaphragm and the advantage of the diaphragm made of a resin with improved humidity resistance reliability and strength, excellent external appearance, and enhanced productivity and dimension stability is obtained.

Abstract: A vibration generator 1 has an attachment structure of a spring by which the attachment error of the spring elastically supporting a mover composed of a magnet and a yoke does not become the error of the span of the spring to make it possible to improve the ease and yield of manufacture. The vibration generator 1 includes a mover which is composed of a magnet 5 and yokes 4, 7a and 7b, and a spring 6 which is composed of an integrally molded article made of an elastomeric material and elastically supports the mover to allow the mover to vibrate in the central axis direction C. The spring is arranged on the outside of a coil 3 in a radial direction thereof and extends along the radial direction.

Abstract: A diaphragm for a speaker includes two portions. The first portion is made of metallic material for producing a high frequency tone. The second portion is made of a non-metallic material for producing a low frequency tone. The first portion is joined at a first peripheral edge to a voice coil while a second peripheral edge is joined at a first peripheral edge of the second portion to form the diaphragm.

Abstract: A speaker is disclosed. A speaker includes a fixing part (500) fastened to a base frame; a motion part moved (400) with respect to the fixing part by an electromagnetic force; a vibration plate (200) that vibrates in communication with the motion part; and a guide member (800) provided between the motion part (400) and the vibration plate (200). Therefore, according to the present invention, a speaker capable of reproducing a high quality sound and high power with a slim design may be embodied.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a speaker having desirable sound characteristics with a smaller size, and a speaker unit having the speaker. The speaker unit has the speaker and an attachment unit. The speaker has a case, a magnetic circuit, a diaphragm, and a passage. A first chamber is disposed between an inner surface of an outer case of the case and an outer surface of the magnetic circuit. A second chamber is disposed between the diaphragm and the magnetic circuit. The passage communicates with the first and second chambers and has a groove disposed on a bottom wall of the case.

Abstract: A speaker comprises a permanent magnet (2) and a coil (8) positioned around the permanent magnet (2) and attached to a membrane (10), wherein the membrane comprises an elastomer of thickness less than 0.3 mm and with a Young's modulus below 100 MPa.

Abstract: A speaker applicable to various electronic devices includes a speaker body including a magnet and a diaphragm having a voice coil interacting with the magnet, the magnet and the diaphragm being sequentially received therein; at least one main hole defined through a rear surface of the speaker where a speaker sound is not output, such that air generated in the speaker according to vibration of the diaphragm is discharged therethrough; and at least one auxiliary air hole defined through a predetermined location of a side surface of the body to communicate with an inside of the body, such that air within the speaker is additionally discharged therethrough.

Abstract: An electroacoustic transducer of the present invention includes a diaphragm 3 having a periphery as a fixed end, a coil 4 having an axis perpendicular to the diaphragm 3 and 6 attached centrally to the diaphragm 3, and a direct current magnetic field generator fixed in position as spaced apart from the coil 4 by a gap provided axially of the coil 4. The diaphragm 3 is driven by applying to the coil 4 a magnetic flux emitted from a surface of the direct current magnetic field generator that faces the coil 4. The direct current magnetic field generator includes a ring-shaped outer magnet 5 located coaxially with the axis of the coil 4 and magnetized in the direction perpendicular to the axis, and an inner core 6 including a ferromagnet and located in the central hole of the outer magnet 5.

Abstract: A structure of a voice coil assembly includes a plate, a top board, suspending arms and fixtures. The plate has a top and two opposite sides. The top board is disposed on the top of the plate. The suspending arms extend from the two sides of the plate and are connected to the fixtures. A pair of resilient sections is provided between the suspending arms and the fixtures. The resilient sections are formed in a curved, arcuate or wavy shape. The suspending arm has a cross-section in a flat shape.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a sound converter with an enclosure which utilizes an outer space to expand a resonance space. The sound converter with the enclosure includes a frame being equipped with a magnetic circuit for forming a magnetic field in a predetermined gap, a voice coil at least partially positioned in the gap, a diaphragm adhered to the voice coil and inserted into a diaphragm seating portion of the frame, a protector formed at the upper portion of the diaphragm, and an enclosure case coupled to the frame, for defining the inner space of the enclosure which is the resonance space. A vent is provided at the enclosure case so that the inner space of the enclosure can communicate with the outer space. This configuration can secure a wide resonance space.

Abstract: A thermal management system improves thermal property of the speaker system by promoting air circulation to cool the speaker system. The thermal management system includes a speaker frame, an air guide formed on the speaker frame for guiding the air, a ventilation slit formed on the air guide which penetrates through the speaker frame for air communication, and a spider mounting ring for mounting a spider of the speaker system on the speaker frame. The spider mounting ring has a cut-out at its upper edge which positionally match the air guide. The cut-out is curved sharply at its upper surface while a lower edge of the spider mounting ring is gently curved, thereby creating an air passage of directional property.

Abstract: An electroacoustic transducer comprises an electric sound conversion section that vibrates a mechanical device based on an electric signal so as to emit a sound wave; and an electromagnetic wave radiation section that generates and emits an electromagnetic wave from the electrical signal.

Abstract: Actuator apparatus for generating a physical effect, at least one attribute of which corresponds to at least one characteristic of a digital input signal sampled periodically in accordance with a clock, the apparatus comprising at least one array of moving elements each constrained to travel alternately back and forth along a respective axis in response to an alternating electromagnetic force applied to the array of moving elements, at least one latch operative to selectively latch at least one subset of said moving elements in at least one latching position thereby to prevent the individual moving elements from responding to the electromagnetic force, an electromagnetic field control system operative to receive the clock and, accordingly, to control application of the electromagnetic force to the array of moving elements, and a latch controller operative to receive the digital input signal and to control the latch accordingly.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a paper making part for a loudspeaker has freedom of adjusting a characteristic and a sound quality, and has a higher productivity. Accordingly, a fibrillating step of a paper making material is achieved by an explosive crushing step. Alternatively, the step is achieved by a mixing step of a paper making material and a liquid, a material micro-fabricating step of applying a pressure to a mixed solution obtained by the mixing step so as to pass through an orifice and thereafter run into a device wall, and a paper making step including the micro-fabricated material.

Abstract: A speaker 1 includes: a frame 4; a magnetic circuit 2; and a vibrating unit 3. The magnetic circuit 2 is attached to the frame 4. The vibrating unit 3 is received in the frame 4, and includes a drive cone 14 and a diaphragm 15 vibrated by the magnetic circuit 2. A space surrounded by the drive cone 14, the diaphragm 15 and the frame 4 is sealed. An edge unit 17 is attached to an outer edge of the drive cone 14. The edge unit 17 is in an arc sectional shape, and integrally includes two roll parts 47 arranged coaxially to each other.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a linear vibrator. The linear vibrator includes a casing defining an internal space. A vibratory unit is accommodated in the casing to vibrate up and down. A spring is mounted at an upper circumferential end thereof to an upper surface of the casing and secured at a lower end thereof to an upper portion of the vibratory unit, thus elastically supporting the vibratory unit. An annular locking ring has a larger outer diameter than an outer diameter of the vibratory unit and an outer diameter of the spring so that the upper circumferential end of the spring is locked to the casing through press-fitting. A bracket supports the casing and the vibratory unit, with a circuit board being mounted on the bracket.

Abstract: This invention relates to acoustic drivers with stationary and moving coils. Time varying signals are applied to the moving and stationary coils to control the movement of a diaphragm, which produces audible sound. The time varying signals correspond to an input audio signal such that the sound corresponds to the input audio signal. Some of the described embodiments include multiple moving coils, multiple stationary coils or both. Some embodiments include feedback for adjusting one or more of the signals based on a characteristic of the acoustic driver. Various compensation and other features of the invention are also described in relation to various embodiments.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a spiral coil, the method including: forming a solenoid having a diameter larger than a length by spirally winding an insulated electric wire; forming a spiral coil having folded corners by folding four corners in a circumference direction with respect to the solenoid; fixing the folded corners of the spiral coil; and fixing two terminal portions corresponding to start and end points of the spiral coil to a fixing module. According to the method, a thin and long spiral coil having folded corners is easily manufactured by using a general insulated electric wire. In addition, the spiral coil manufactured by using such a method is applicable to a surface radio frequency (RF) coil optimized for various applications of an electro-magnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) and enables easy access to an optimized transducer.

Abstract: A low profile miniature speaker configured for use in greeting cards such as sound generating greeting cards and other novelties. The thickness of the speaker is minimized while maintaining the sound quality and increasing strength. The speaker magnet is counter-sunk into the housing of the speaker, thereby decreasing overall thickness. The speaker is configured with concentric ribs that radiate outward from the center of the circular speaker. The ribs reinforce the plastic housing and increase the structural strength of the speaker.

Abstract: A loudspeaker provides increased magnetic flux from multiple magnets to drive voice coils to generate sound. The loudspeaker is formed as a smaller profile and reduced weight package. The loudspeaker includes a dual pole, first and second magnets, first and second front plates, and first and second gaps. The polarities of the first and second magnets are aligned in the same direction. The first and second magnets may be disk or ring-shaped and may be coupled to a flange of the dual pole. The first and second gaps may be formed between the inner diameters of the first and second magnets and the dual pole. The magnetic flux produced by the first and second magnets may be combined, directed, and concentrated within the first and second gaps by the dual pole and the front plates. At least portions of a first and a second voice coil may be positioned within the first and second gaps, respectively, and diaphragms may be coupled to the first and second voice coils.

Abstract: A speaker device includes: a magnetic circuit which includes two magnetic gaps; a diaphragm which is arranged at a position passing through at least the two magnetic gaps and includes a recessed part extending in a direction substantially orthogonal with respect to an extending direction of a magnetic flux in the magnetic gaps; and a voice coil, formed into an annular shape, which includes a first parallel part extending in one direction and a second parallel part extending in a direction in parallel with the first parallel part and opposite to the first parallel part with a constant space. Particularly, the first parallel part and the second parallel part are arranged in a direction in parallel with an extending direction of the recessed part, respectively, and the first parallel part and the second parallel part are arranged in the recessed part to be positioned in the two magnetic gaps, respectively.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a speaker apparatus including: a speaker frame; and a connection terminal for electrically connecting to an outside of a speaker, an axis line of the connection terminal being arranged along a tangential line direction of a circumference of the speaker, the connection terminal being not projected to an outer side in a diameter direction of the speaker from the speaker frame.

Abstract: A linear vibration generator is disclosed. The linear vibration generator may include: a stator having a coil, which induces a magnetic field when an electric current is applied; an oscillator having a magnet, which has one side facing the coil; a spring member, which is joined to the stator, and which elastically supports the oscillator such that the oscillator moves linearly; a damper, which prevents the oscillator from contacting the stator according to the linear motion of the oscillator; and a guide portion, which guides the linear motion of the oscillator. This linear vibration generator makes it possible to generate stable linear vibration, prevent generation of touch noise when the oscillator impacts the stator, and prevent right/left vibration due to an external impact.

Abstract: A speaker assembly includes a frame and a surround that suspends a diaphragm from the frame. An outer portion of the surround is disposed, dimensioned, and configured to permit the mounting of the surround to the frame such that the surround, itself, does not need to include an outwardly extending flange and/or clamp. Rather, the outer portion of the surround is generally disposed on the frame, with the mounting surface of the outer portion of the surround extending inward relative to the outer periphery of the surround.

Abstract: A speaker diaphragm is configured by a compound mixed with resin and bamboo fiber. The diaphragm satisfying the advantage of the bamboo fiber of high sound quality and a large degree of freedom in the setting of the characteristic value of the diaphragm and the advantage of the diaphragm made of a resin with improved humidity resistance reliability and strength, excellent external appearance, and enhanced productivity and dimension stability is obtained.

Abstract: A plate material is drawn into the shape of a rectangular dish and the peripheral border of each corner is press worked. A yoke is fabricated which has an outwardly projecting tongue-like flange provided at a position a predetermined distance below the top end surface. A frame made of resin is insert molded in a manner covering the flange. A magnet is secured inside the yoke and a magnetic circuit having magnetic gap is formed. A diaphragm joined with a voice coil is joined with the frame. By making a loudspeaker in this way, the bonding strength between the yoke and the frame is enhanced and a low-profile loudspeaker is achieved. Also, clearance at each corner of the yoke is eliminated, and a loudspeaker that is free from magnetic flux leakage and excellent both in quality and performance is obtained.

Abstract: An apparatus uses a transducer to produce vibration in the ultrasonic frequency range and in the audible frequency range. A membrane or cantilever structure is coupled to the transducer to produce acoustic waves. When the vibration is in the audible frequency range, the membrane structure works like a conventional loudspeaker. When the vibration is in the ultrasonic frequency range, the ultrasonic signal is modulated by audio signal for creating better directivity. The acoustic waves in the ultrasonic frequency range can reproduce directional audible sound due to the nonlinear interaction of ultrasonic waves in air.

Abstract: An electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer and an array thereof are provided. This electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer includes a support, an elastic board disposed on the support, a magnetizer on the elastic board, and a magnet field generator for vibrating the magnetizer, wherein, the thickness of the magnetizer is of the order of microns. The thickness of the elastic board is also of the order of microns. This electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer is able to produce acoustic waves of high frequency, which are useful for ultrasonic therapy.

Abstract: A loudspeaker is described. The loudspeaker includes two or more segmentations of a planar radiator. Each of the segmentations has an associated frequency dependent velocity magnitude and phase with substantially uniform surface pressure. The two or more segmentations provide a substantially uniform radiation pattern across a wide range of acoustic frequencies. Apparatus, computer readable media and methods are also described.

Abstract: A drive cone 11 and a diaphragm 14 are integrally driven by a voice coil 6 movably disposed in a magnetic gap 5. Peripheral edge portions of the drive cone 11 and the diaphragm 14 are supported by a frame 12 via different edge portions 13 and 15, respectively. The drive cone 11 is provided with a rising-up portion 11a which rises up toward an acoustic radiation direction from a inner circumferential end, and a rising-down portion 11b which rises down toward a direction reverse to the acoustic radiation direction. An inner circumferential edge of the diaphragm 14 is fixed at an annular top formed between the rising-up portion and the rising-down portion. Moreover, a first rib 11c and a second rib 11d are formed on the drive cone 11 in such a manner as to rise up toward the acoustic radiation direction integrally with the drive cone. The diaphragm 14 is supported also at the tips of the ribs.

Abstract: A voice coil 6 is movably disposed in a magnetic gap 5. A drive cone (first diaphragm) 11 and a diaphragm (second diaphragm) 14 are integrally driven by the voice coil 6. Peripheral edge portion of the drive cone 11 and the diaphragm 14 are supported by a frame 12 through edge portions 13 and 15, respectively. An annular adhesive receiver 8 is disposed in a peripheral surface of a voice coil bobbin 7 around which the voice coil 6 is wound, and an inner peripheral edge 11a of the drive cone 11 is accommodated in the adhesive receiver 8. The drive cone 11, the adhesive receiver 8 and the voice coil bobbin 7 are connected to each other by an adhesive filled into the adhesive receiver 8.

Abstract: Electromagnetically-countered speaker systems for generating acoustic sounds according to dynamic signals supplied thereto while minimizing irradiation of harmful electromagnetic waves therefrom which do not include speaker magnets but include driver members for generating the sounds while emitting such harmful waves and counter members for generating magnetic forces for providing such sound while emitting counter electromagnetic waves capable of canceling at least a substantial portion of the harmful waves based on their configurational and phase characteristics. Examples of various speaker systems include various electric and/or magnetic shields in addition to such drive and counter members. Examples of various methods of minimizing irradiation of the harmful waves of the speaker systems include us of the counter members, various methods of shielding such harmful waves by the electric and/or magnetic shields, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a miniature electro-acoustic transducer comprising a voice coil comprising an air gap voice coil portion at least partly positioned in an air gap of a magnet assembly, and a second voice coil portion attached to a diaphragm of the miniature transducer. The thickness of the second voice coil portion is 2-5 times larger than the thickness of the first voice coil portion. Moreover, the present invention relates to a voice coil for use in a miniature electro-acoustic transducer.

Abstract: A speaker includes a magnetic circuit 1 that is formed in the center of a frame 5, a voice coil 6 that is inserted in a magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit 1, a damper 7 that is fixed to the frame 5 and the voice coil 6, and a vibrating plate 8 that is fixed to the frame 5 and the voice coil 6. An opening 10 is provided in a bobbin 12 of the voice coil 6. The area of the opening 10 is 0.3% or less of the radial cross-sectional area of the bobbin 12 of the voice coil 6.

Abstract: A vibration speaker for a portable electronic device is disclosed herein. The vibration speaker comprises a case. A loudspeaker member for generating a sound is contained in the case. The loudspeaker member comprises a frame, a magnet, a voice coil and a membrane. The voice coil is operable to generate a movement of the membrane vertically up and down when an electric current is applied to the voice coil and a magnetic field is formed by interaction between the voice coil and the magnet. The vibration speaker additionally comprises a vibration coil for generating a vibration. The vibration coil is positioned in relation to the magnet of the loudspeaker member such that the vibration coil is operable to generate a movement of the entire loudspeaker member vertically up and down when an electric current is applied to the vibration coil and a magnetic field is formed by interaction between the vibration coil and the magnet.

Abstract: The illustrated embodiment of the invention includes a capacitive detection method in a MEMS resonator comprising the steps of: vibrating a resonator with a drive signal; sensing vibration of the resonator by detecting a plurality of sidebands of an electromechanical amplitude modulation signal in a capacitive detector; and extracting amplitude of motion from a ratio of two simultaneously sensed sidebands of different order.

Abstract: An earphone speaker including a conductive housing, a micro speaker module, and a circuit board is provided. The conductive housing has a holding space. The micro speaker module is disposed in the holding space. The circuit board is disposed outside the conductive housing, and has a first surface facing towards the conductive housing and a second surface corresponding to the first surface. A positive terminal and a negative terminal are disposed on the second surface and electrically connected to the micro speaker module. A conductive material layer is disposed on the first surface and electrically connected to the negative terminal, and the conductive material layer is directly contacted with the conductive housing.

Abstract: A vehicle audio device includes a vibrator (30), a first threaded member (20), a second threaded member (32), and a ring-shaped resilient member (25). The first threaded member (20) includes a tubular portion (22), an external thread (22m) formed on an outer surface of the tubular portion (22), and a flange (24) formed on one end of the tubular portion (22). The resilient member (25) is fitted around the tubular portion (22) of the first threaded member (20) so as to axially oppose the flange (24) of the first threaded member (20). The second threaded member (32) includes a ring-shaped portion (32f) axially opposing the resilient member (25) from the side of the resilient member (25) not opposing the flange (24) of the first threaded member (20). Internal threads (32w) are formed on an inner surface of the ring-shaped portion (32f) and are engageable with the external threads (22m) of the first threaded member (20). The vibrator (30) is mounted to one of the first and second threaded members (20, 32).

Abstract: A diaphragm (6) for an electroacoustic transducer is preferably designed to be essentially rectangular and has a diaphragm inner region (20) for sound conversion and a diaphragm outer region (21) for attaching the diaphragm (6) and a diaphragm intermediate region (22) which lies between the diaphragm inner region (20) and the diaphragm outer region (21), wherein the diaphragm inner region (20) is delimited toward the outside by preferably rectilinear sides (23, 24, 25, 26) and the diaphragm outer region (21) is delimited toward the inside again by preferably rectilinear sides (31, 32, 33, 34), and wherein the aforementioned sides (23, 24, 25, 26) of the diaphragm inner region (20) are joined to rounded outer corner regions (27, 28, 29, 30) with a mean outer radius value R and the aforementioned sides (31, 32, 33, 34) of the diaphragm outer region (21) are joined to rounded inner corner regions (35, 36, 37, 38) with a mean inner radius value r, wherein the mean inner radius value r of each inner corner region

Abstract: Speaker damper (12) used in a speaker including frame (5), magnetic circuit (1) coupled to frame (5), voice coil unit (2) inserted into magnetic gap (8) provided in magnetic circuit (1), and diaphragm (3) coupled to frame (5) and voice coil unit (2) at its outer and inner peripheral ends, respectively. Speaker damper (12) is coupled to voice coil unit (2) and frame (5) at its inner and outer peripheral ends, respectively, and has first supporting portion (10) having a first elastic modulus at its inner peripheral end and second supporting portion (11) having a second elastic modulus different from the first elastic modulus at the outer peripheral side of first supporting portion (10). This configuration can reduce the distortion of a speaker, even if the amplitude amount of voice coil unit (2) becomes large, and a large load is not applied to vibrating voice coil unit (2).

Abstract: Actuator apparatus for generating a physical effect, at least one attribute of which corresponds to at least one characteristic of a digital input signal sampled periodically in accordance with a clock, the apparatus comprising at least one array of moving elements each constrained to travel alternately back and forth along a respective axis in response to an alternating electromagnetic force applied to the array of moving elements, at least one latch operative to selectively latch at least one subset of said moving elements in at least on latching position there by to prevent the individual moving elements from responding to the electromagnetic force, an electromagnetic field control system operative to receive the clock and, accordingly, to control application of the electromagnetic force to the array of moving elements and a latch controller operative to receive the digital input signal and to control the latch accordingly.

Abstract: A capacitive electro-acoustic transducer includes a pair of input terminals, a pair of output terminals, an electrode plate, and a diaphragm. The pair of input terminals receives an audio signal, and the pair of output terminals outputs the audio signal, wherein at least one terminal of these terminals is a conductive magnet. The electrode plate has a first end and a second end electrically connected to a first input terminal of the pair of input terminals and a first output terminal of the pair of output terminals, respectively. The diaphragm is disposed on one side of the electrode plate and has a third end and a fourth end electrically connected to a second input terminal of the pair of input terminals and a second output terminal of the pair of output terminals, respectively.

Abstract: An acoustic conversion device includes: a driving unit including a pair of magnets disposed so as to face each other, a yoke to which the pair of magnets are attached, a coil to which driving current is supplied, a vibrating portion which vibrates when driving current is supplied to the coil, and an armature disposed between the pair of magnets with the vibrating portion being passed through the coil; and a diaphragm unit including a diaphragm, and a beam portion for propagating the vibration of the vibrating portion to the diaphragm; with a coil attachment portion to which the coil is attached, located in a state in parallel with the vibrating portion, being provided to the armature.

Abstract: A loudspeaker includes a frame, a magnetic circuit supported by the frame, voice coil body provided movably in relation to a magnetic gap provided at the magnetic circuit, a diaphragm having an outer rim being joined via a first edge to the frame and an inner rim being joined to the voice coil body, and a damper located towards the magnetic circuit from the diaphragm. The damper has an inner rim joined to the voice coil body. The damper has an outer rim joined via a second edge to the frame. The second edge protrudes towards the diaphragm or in a direction opposite to the diaphragm. The damper includes a first protrusion protruding towards the diaphragm and a second protrusion protruding in a direction opposite to a direction in which the first protrusion protrudes. A protrusion out of the first and second protrusions is closest to the second edge among the protrusions.

Abstract: Transducers and resonators are embedded in body support structures in contact with a user to for the purpose of conveying musical sound energy to a user's body at selected frequencies and in selected patterns. Body support structures comprise beds, pillows, chairs, and other structures typically used to support people. The sound may be audio tones and/or music. The transducers and resonators may be incorporated into a foam component or in a coil spring component of the body support structure. Latex-type foams and beds made with springs are candidate body support structures for receiving transducer's and resonators. Electro-active polymers are also used as transducers. Floor systems are activated by both mechanical transducers and electro-active polymers.

Abstract: A speaker includes a sound source, a rod-like member whose base end is in contact with the sound source, and a pair of flexible wing members whose ends are attached to the tip of the rod shape member, and whose other ends are free.

Abstract: A loudspeaker apparatus includes an acoustic diaphragm; a support member having a housing, which is a hole in a surface of the support member facing the acoustic diaphragm; a magnetostrictive actuator having a magnetostrictor and a drive rod coupled to an end of the magnetostrictor, the magnetostrictive actuator being inserted into the housing such that the drive rod contacts the acoustic diaphragm, the magnetostrictive actuator applying vibration to the acoustic diaphragm; and a spring inserted into the housing from a position opposite to a position of the drive rod of the magnetostrictive actuator, the spring pressing the magnetostrictive actuator toward the acoustic diaphragm and applying a load to the magnetostrictor.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the invention, there is provided a speaker apparatus includes: a voice coil bobbin; and a diaphragm that is vibrated by the voice coil bobbin, the diaphragm including an edge portion at an outer circumference of the diaphragm, the edge portion including at least two ridge portions protruding forward.